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         Unitarianism:     more books (100)
  1. Joseph Priestley and English Unitarianism in America by J. D. Bowers, 2007-06-15
  2. Unitarianism in America by George Willis Cooke, 2006-09-27
  3. A History of Unitarianism in Transylvania, England and America by D.D. Earl MOrse Wilbur, 1952
  4. The Epic of Unitarianism: Original Writings from the History of Liberal Religion by David B. Parke, 1957
  5. The Elements of Unitarianism (The Elements of .... Series) by George D. Chryssides, 1998-06
  6. A history of Unitarianism: Socinianism and its antecedents (A history of Unitarianism) by Earl Morse Wilbur, 1977
  7. American Unitarianism 1805-1865
  8. A History of Unitarianism: In Transylvania, England, and America by Earl Morse Wilbur, 1969
  9. For Faith and Freedom: A Short History of Unitarianism in Europe by Charles A. Howe, 1997-10
  10. A history of Transylvanian Unitarianism through four hundred years of sermons by Imre Gellérd, 1999
  11. The Epic of Unitarianism: Original writings from the history of liberal religion by David B Parke, 1963
  12. HISTORY OF UNITARIANISM: SOCINIANISM AND ITS ANTECEDENTS. by Earl Morse. Wilbur, 1947
  13. Unitarianism (Dodo Press) by W. G. Tarrant, 2007-10-06
  14. UNITARIANISM ON THE PACIFIC COAST The First Sixty Years by Arnold Crompton, 1957

1. Unitarianism. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
Church, like Arianism and Monarchianism, modern unitarianism originated in the period of the Protestant John Biddle, called the father of English unitarianism. The development of a
http://www.bartleby.com/65/un/Unitarnsm.html
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2. Unitarianism
unitarianism. The word Unitarian historically printing press. Books were smuggled to England, and unitarianism took root there. With a
http://www.slc.bc.ca/mac/uni.htm
Unitarianism
The word "Unitarian" historically refers to the oneness of God as opposed to the Trinity of God, referred to as "Trinitarianism". The word "Trinity" is not in the Bible, nor is the concept. The naming of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit hardly occurs; except as a echo of a baptismal formula. The doctrine dates from the early Middle Ages, as an effort to reconcile Jewish theology with Greek philosophy, and was adopted as doctrine at the Council of Nicea in 325 AD at the behest of Constantine. At that time the unitarian position was called "Arianism" for its leader Arius of Alexandria. He and the idea were declared heretic, and was killed out except for a few remote Germanic tribes. With the invention of the printing press, and the wide reading of the Bible, people discovered that the Trinity was not there, and Unitarians sprang up all over Europe like crocus. In most places they were killed. Calvin burned the best know Renaissance Unitarian theologian, Servetus, in Geneva. He was burned with a slow fire, taking half an hour to kill him, with his book strapped to his leg. Earlier he had been burned in effigy by Catholics. (Servetus was also doctor, and had discovered the pulmonary circulation of the blood.) Many early Unitarians tended to be scientists or doctors. The Polish king's doctor was Unitarian, and Krakow, Poland, was one of the few place Unitarians were allowed to live without being killed. They gathered there from all over Europe, establishing a university and printing press. Books were smuggled to England, and Unitarianism took root there.

3. Lene Shoemaker: A Short Overview Of Unitarianism In Denmark
A history of Unitarinism in Denmark.
http://home10.inet.tele.dk/unitar/inetuk.htm
A Short Overview of Unitarianism in Denmark
E-mail:
unitar

The Congregation:
Social Trends: Affiliations:
History:
The Danish Unitarian Church was founded in 1900.
Before the Unitarians who fled Eastern Europe settled in England and Holland, they attempted to get permission to come to Denmark. The Danish King, after consulting with the Bishops of the Danish Lutheran State Church, refused.
Unitarianism came to Norway in the late 1800's via Kristofer Janson who had been educated as a Unitarian minister in USA. The Norwegian Composer Edward Grieg became involved in Unitarianism, along with his Danish wife Nina. It was through influences from both Norway and England that Unitarianism final made it to Denmark. Nina Grieg moved back to Copenhagen after her husbands death. She was a famous Concert Pianist, and raised a good deal of money for our church, and donated most of the money for the organ in our beautiful church building, which was completed in 1927. Unitarianism died out in Norway, most likely because of the rapid growth of Humanism in that country. However, it flourished in Denmark where it was at first hoped that the State Church would become liberal enough to encompass Unitarianism. At one point there were three congregations in Denmark. Today the one in Copenhagen is the only one left, and there are no congregations in either Norway or Sweden, but recently one has formed in Finland. Our first Minister was Uffe Birkedal, who was a liberal theologian educated at the University of Copenhagen, where the emphasis was to educate Ministers for the Danish Lutheran State Church. At this time our Church was clearly a very liberal Christian Church.

4. What Is Unitarianism? CARM
www.carm.org. HOME PAGE. What is unitarianism? unitarianism is the belief that God exists in one person, not three. unitarianism is not Christian.
http://www.carm.org/uni/unitarianism.htm
C HRISTIAN A R ESEARCH M INISTRY www.carm.org HOME PAGE What is Unitarianism?
Unitarianism is the belief that God exists in one person, not three. It is a denial of the doctrine of the Trinity as well as the full divinity of Jesus. Therefore, it is not Christian. There are several groups that fall under this umbrella: Jehovah's Witnesses, Christadelphianism, The Way International, etc. Another term for this type of belief is called monarchianism.
In the context of universalism, the Unitarianism discussed here is that belief that denies the Trinity, the deity of Christ, the personhood of the Holy Spirit, eternal punishment, and the vicarious atonement of Jesus. Unitarian universalists use many biblical concepts and terms but with non-biblical meanings. Unitarianism is not Christian.
There is a group known as the Unitarian Universalists Association. This denomination which was formed in 1961 in the United States when the American Unitarian Association and the Universalist Church of America merged. Its membership is around 175,000.
The General Convention of the Unitarian Universalists formulated the five principles of the Universalist Faith in 1899.

5. Unitarianism
unitarianism. unitarianism, in general, the form of Christianity that denies the doctrine of the like Arianism and Monarchianism, modern unitarianism originated in the period of the
http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0850051.html
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6. Southern Faith, Northern Unitarianism
Ascribes the cause of the War of Southern Independence to the North's imposition of Unitarian ideals on the South.
http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/id23.html
The Epic Journey preload("twe50271A","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_frontpage.gif"); preload("twe50271B","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_front_ro.gif"); preload("twe50272A","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_current.gif"); preload("twe50272B","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_current_ro.gif"); preload("twe50273A","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_history.gif"); preload("twe50273B","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_history_ro.gif"); preload("twe50274A","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_christianity.gif"); preload("twe50274B","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_christ_ro.gif"); preload("twe50275A","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_free_art.gif"); preload("twe50275B","http://home.earthlink.net/~twcase/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/coollogo_free_ro.gif"); Southern Faith, Northern Unitarianism

7. Unitarianism
unitarianism. 20 March 2003. J. McRee (Mac) Elrod. The word "Unitarian" historically refers to the oneness of God as opposed to the Trinity of God, belief in which is referred to as"Trinitarianism" .
http://www.islandnet.com/~jelrod/uni.html
UNITARIANISM 20 March 2003
J. McRee (Mac) Elrod
The word "Unitarian" historically refers to the oneness of God as opposed to the Trinity of God, belief in which is referred to as"Trinitarianism". The word Trinity is not in the Bible, nor is the concept. The naming of Father Son and Holy Spirit hardly occurs, except as a echo of a baptismal formula. The doctrine dates from the early Middle Ages, as an effort to reconcile Jewish theology with Greek philosophy, and was adopted as doctrine at the Council of Nicea in 325 AD at the behest of Constantine. The leader of the Trinitarian position was St. Nicholas (later known as Santa Claus), who later actively persecuted Unitarians. At that time the Unitarian position was called "Arianism" for its leader Arius of Alexandria. He and the idea were declared heretic, and was crushed except for a few remote Germanic tribes. With the invention of the printing press in the 1450's, and the wide reading of the Bible, people discovered that the Trinity was not there, and Unitarians (often called Arians) sprang up all over Europe like crocus. In most places they were killed. Calvin burned the best known Renaissance Unitarian theologian, the Spaniard Servetus, in Geneva, in 1604. He was burned with a slow fire, taking half an hour to kill him, with his books and writings strapped to him. Earlier he had been burned in effigy by Catholics. (Servetus was also a doctor, and had discovered the pulmonary circulation of the blood.) Many early Unitarians tended to be scientists or doctors. The Polish king's doctor was Unitarian, and Krakow (the early capital), became one of the few places Unitarians were allowed to live without being killed. They formed a convocation in 1565. After the Counter Reformation began to gain strength, and they were less welcome in Krakow, they gathered from all over Europe in a town they established near Krakow (Rakow), establishing a university and printing press, under the leadership of the Italian theologian Socinus. Books were smuggled to England, and Unitarianism took root there.

8. Unitarian Society
scientist, Joseph Priestley, who became the most important proponent of unitarianism in 18th century England the most important aspect of unitarianism is the right of individuals to
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRunitarian.htm
Unitarian Society
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The Unitarian Society was established in 1791. The term Unitarian began being used in Europe at the beginning of the 17th century. John Biddle (1615-62) is considered to be the first minister to establish a Unitarian congregation in Britain. Another early supporter was Theophilus Lindsey (1723-1808), who built the Essex Street Chapel in London in 1778. However, it was the Nonconformist minister and scientist, Joseph Priestley , who became the most important proponent of unitarianism in 18th century England. After his home was destroyed by a mob in 1791, Priestley emigrated to America. The Unitarians drew their membership to a large extent from the scientific professions and their outlook tended to be rational and individualistic. The original intentions of the movement was to unite all

9. Unitarianism
unitarianism. George P. Landow, Professor of English and Art History, Brown University. nitarianism is "the form of Christianity that denies the doctrine of the Trinity, believing that God exists only in one person. Church, like Arianism and Monarchianism, modern unitarianism originated in the period of the
http://www.victorianweb.org/religion/unitarian.html
Unitarianism
George P. Landow , Professor of English and Art History, Brown University
nitarianism is "the form of Christianity that denies the doctrine of the Trinity , believing that God exists only in one person. While there were previous antitrinitarian movements in the early Christian Church, like Arianism and Monarchianism, modern Unitarianism originated in the period of the Protestant Reformation" ( Columbia Encyclopedia ). And the Oxford English Dictionary defines a Unitarian as one "who affirms the unipersonality of the Godhead, especially as opposed to an orthodox Trinitarian; spec. a member or adherent of a Christian religious body or sect holding this doctrine." According to Britannica Online , English Unitarianism begins with John Biddle (1615-62), an English Socinian, whose knowledge of the Greek text of the New Testament convinced him that the doctrine of the Trinity was not of scriptural origin, published his Unitarian convictions in Twelve Arguments Drawn out of Scripture . . . (1647) . . . The first English Unitarian congregation, Essex Street Chapel, was founded in London in 1774 by Theophilus Lindsey, who previously had been an

10. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Socinianism
Catholic Encyclopedia article on this body of doctrine held by one of the Antitrinitarian sects that gave rise to unitarianism.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14113a.htm
Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... S > Socinianism A B C D ... Z
Socinianism
The body of doctrine held by one of the numerous Antitrinitarian sects to which the Reformation gave birth. The Socinians derive their name from two natives of Siena, Lelio Sozzini (1525-62) and his nephew Fausto Sozinni (1539-1604). The surname is variously given, but its Latin form, Socinus, is that currently used. It is to Fausto, or Faustus Socinus, that the sect owes its individuality, but it arose before he came into contact with it. In 1546 a secret society held meetings at Vicenza in the Diocese of Venice to discuss, among other points, the doctrine of the Trinity. Among the members of this society were Blandrata, a well-known physician, Alciatus, Gentilis, and Lelio, or Laelius Socinus. The last-named, a priest of Siena, was the intimate friend of Bullinger, Calvin , and Melanchthon. The object of the society was the advocacy not precisely of what were afterwards known as Socinian principles, but of Antitrinitarianism. The Nominalists, represented by Abelard, were the real progenitors of the Antitrinitarians of the Reformation period, but while many of the Nominalists ultimately became Tritheists, the term Antitrinitarian means expressly one who denies the distinction of persons in the Godhead. The Antitrinitarians are thus the later representatives of the Sabellians, Macedonians, and

11. §5. Unitarianism. XXII. Divines And Moralists, 1783–1860. Vol. 16. Early Natio
5. unitarianism. 20. Thus interpreted, unitarianism has points of contact with whatever is liberal and hopeful in any religion.
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12. Northern Theological Errors
Essay identifying unitarianism as a hideous heresy and as a key cause for the War Between the States.
http://www.mindspring.com/~dennisw/articles/theocon/part4.htm
III Northern Theological Errors. At the time of the War Between the States, the Southern people were a Christian people. We had faults and sins which were widely practiced and needed vast improvement, but all things considered, our forefathers were a Christian people. General Jackson, who was as righteous a man as ever walked on Southern soil, made statements to this effect,
  • I understand that not only our President, but also most of his Cabinet, and a majority of our Congressmen, are professing Christians. God has greatly blessed us, and I trust He will make us that people whose God is the Lord. Let us look to God for an illustration in our history, that `righteousness exalteth a nation, but sin is a reproach to any people. [Proverbs 14:34]
As the War continued, Jackson called for more holiness from both people and government.
  • I greatly desire to see peace - blessed peace . And I am persuaded, that if God's people throughout our Confederacy will earnestly and perseveringly unite in imploring His interposition for peace, we may expect it. Let our Government acknowledge the God of the Bible as its God, and we may expect soon to be a happy and independent people.
In 1865 the time for Southern independence had not yet dawned. Perhaps 1995 will be a better year. We should allow General Jackson's words to burn deeply into our hearts, "Let our Government acknowledge the God of the Bible as its God, and we may expect soon to be a happy and independent people." This should become the slogan of the South.

13. Channing And Unitarianism
William Ellery Channing. and American unitarianism. He saw unitarianism as the last bridge between Christianity and natural religion.
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/DETOC/religion/channing.html
    William Ellery Channing
    and American Unitarianism In Democracy In America and in his journals and letters Tocqueville noted the Americans' inclination toward Deism. He saw Unitarianism as the last bridge between Christianity and natural religion. In his Essay on American Government and Religion , included in Tocqueville and Beaumont In America , Tocqueville wrote, "On the confines of Protestantism is a sect which is Christian only in name, the Unitarians . ... They are pure Deists. They speak of the Bible because they do not wish to shock public opinion, still entirely Christian , too deeply. ... It's evident that the Protestants whose minds are cold and logical, the argumentative classes, the men whose habits are intellectual and scientific, are grasping the occasion to embrace and entirely philosophic faith which allows them to make almost public profession of pure Deism." In his interview with John Quincy Adams, Tocqueville asked, "do you not see in the Unitarianism of this country the last link that separates Christianity from natural religion?" That Tocqueville saw Unitarianism as an intellectual and religious curiosity is clear. Equally clear is that to understand Unitarian Christianity as it existed in the United States in 1831, he had to meet one man: William Ellery Channing.

14. Lakehead Unitarian Fellowship Homepage
A Talk Delivered to the Lakehead Unitarian Fellowship by Robert Farmer outlining the similarities between Buddhism and unitarianism.
http://members.shaw.ca/lufship/farmerarticle.htm
Lakehead Unitarian 129 Algoma St., Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada, P7B 3B7
Phone: (807) 344-5980 - Email: lufship@shaw.ca
Are (some) Unitarians Buddhists Without Knowing It? A Talk Delivered to the Lakehead Unitarian Fellowship
by Robert Farmer. This talk is occasioned by an experience I recently had at a Zen meditation retreat in the Southern Appalachians. About 30 people from over the Southeast were involved. At the first evening meal (before silence was declared) I ate with four individuals who turned out either to be Unitarians, or to be people who routinely sat zazen in Unitarian facilities. I have since that time noted other evidence of a close but informal relationship between Unitarianism and western Buddhism, especially the Zen tradition. I understand that some Unitarian ministers consider themselves Buddhists. I have become interested in this alliance and wish to examine its basis this morning. I wish to note at the outset that I am neither a Unitarian scholar nor a Buddhist scholar; my comments will no doubt reflect this condition. In the best professorial tradition my talk will be divided into three parts: The evolution of Unitarianism in North America.

15. Unitarian Christianity
influence on the mind, to be indeed the power of God unto salvation. ?. Return to William Ellery Channing and American unitarianism.
http://xroads.virginia.edu/~HYPER/DETOC/religion/unitarian.html
    UNITARIAN CHRISTIANITY
    By William Ellery Channing Delivered at the Ordination of Rev. Jared Sparks in The First Independent Church of Baltimore on May 5, 1819. 1 Thes. v. 21: "Prove all things; hold fast that which is good." There are two natural divisions under which my thoughts will be arranged. I shall endeavour to unfold, 1st, The principles which we adopt in interpreting the Scriptures. And 2dly, Some of the doctrines, which the Scriptures, so interpreted, seem to us clearly to express. I. We regard the Scriptures as the records of God's successive revelations to mankind, and particularly of the last and most perfect revelation of his will by Jesus Christ. Whatever doctrines seem to us to be clearly taught in the Scriptures; we receive without reserve or exception. We do not, however, attach equal importance to all the books in this collection. Our religion, we believe, lies chiefly in the New Testament. The dispensation of Moses, compared with that of Jesus, we consider as adapted to the childhood of the human race, a preparation for a nobler system, and chiefly useful now as serving to confirm and illustrate the Christian Scriptures. Jesus Christ is the only master of Christians, and whatever he taught, either during his personal ministry, or by his inspired Apostles, we regard as of divine authority, and profess to make the rule of our lives. This authority, which we give to the Scriptures, is a reason, we conceive, for studying them with peculiar care, and for inquiring anxiously into the principles of interpretation, by which their true meaning may be ascertained. The principles adopted by the class of Christians in whose name I speak, need to be explained, because they are often misunderstood. We are particularly accused of making an unwarrantable use of reason in the interpretation of Scripture. We are said to exalt reason above revelation, to prefer our own wisdom to God's. Loose and undefined charges of this kind are circulated so freely, that we think it due to ourselves, and to the cause of truth, to express our views with some particularity.

16. Richard Price
Abstract Born in Tynton, Glamorgan in 1723, the son of a Congregational minister, rejected his father's religious opinions and instead was attracted to the views of more liberal theologians. After attending a Dissenting Academy in London and he became a chaplain in Stoke Newington. In 1758 he wrote the influential Review of the Principal Questions of Morals and several other books followed. He was attracted to the ideas of Jeremy Bentham and accepted many aspects unitarianism, but was unwilling to question the divinity of Christ. He died in 1791 and his funeral sermon was preached by Joseph Priestly.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRprice.htm
Richard Price
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Richard Price, the son of Rice Price, a Congregational minister, was born in Tynton, Glamorgan in 1723. From an early age he appears to have rejected his father's religious opinions and instead was attracted to the views of more liberal theologians. He attended a Dissenting Academy in London and afterwards became a chaplain in Stoke Newington. In 1756 he married Sarah Blundell and two years later moved to Newington Green, a small village near Hackney. In 1758 Price wrote the very influential Review of the Principal Questions of Morals . In the book Price argued that individual conscience and reason should be used when making moral choices. Price also rejected the traditional Christian ideas of original sin and eternal punishment. Price and his friend

17. Joseph Priestley
Presbyterian minister, scientist and metaphysician. Wrote several books on unitarianism and established the first Unitarian Church in America. (17331804)
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/PRpriestley.htm
Joseph Priestley
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Joseph Priestley, the son of a cloth-dresser from Leeds , was born in 1733. After the death of his mother in 1740, Joseph lived with his aunt, a person with strong nonconformist religious views. Priestley went to the local grammar school but after three years ill-health forced him to return home. Joseph was a brilliant student and with the help of local teachers, Joseph became proficient in physics, philosophy, algebra, mathematics and several different languages.
After his health improved, Joseph Priestley entered the new nonconformist Daventry Academy in Northamptonshire, where he studied history, science and philosophy. At Daventry he read David Hartley's Observations of Man (1749). Priestley was deeply influenced by Hartley's views on free will and the notion of human perfectibility through good education.

18. Unitarians
and the appearance of deism, unitarianism in the hands of Joseph Priestly nineteenth century, under the impact of transcendentalism, unitarianism became steadily more radical
http://www.sullivan-county.com/id2/unitarians.htm
Unitarians and Deistic Christians
A nice chat board for Unitarian Christians "We cannot learn anywhere from the Scripture of God, that his words and the religion are meant to be spread by fire and sword." "God always took care of his truth Himself and He will always do that in the future as well." Francis David Opening extracts from: First Unitarian Congregation in Budapest "No one is allowed to threaten anyone with imprisonment or deprivation of his office; for faith is the gift of God, this comes from listening, listening to the words of God." Principles of Faith God is one, spirit, creator and preserver of the world. The Unitarians adopted the scientific world-view in all times believing in addition that a conscious spirit is working behind the evolutionary events. They believe in God as a personal and spiritual power who takes care of his creatures by his providential act manifested in nature and history, on the universal and personal level alike. The human kind is God's most noble creature, with the faculties of reason, awareness and constience.

19. About Unitarianism
About unitarianism. Unitarians began as dissenters, believing that God was One, not Three. They have always held that Jesus Christ
http://www.geocities.com/anzua_2000/About_unitarianism.html
About Unitarianism
Unitarians began as dissenters, believing that God was One, not Three.  They have always held that Jesus Christ was a man and though he undoubtedly was exceptional, he was not the God-made-man of most Christian belief.  Unitarians believe that  it is of the utmost importance to try to lead a moral life based on Christian principles.  They do not, however adhere to the Fundamentalists' views on the infallability of the Bible.   
Often allied to the Unitarians (specially in the United States) are the Universalists.  They are similar in their approach to religion although the basis of Universalism is the notion that ALL human beings were loved by God and that therefore they could all get to heaven - even if they had never heard of Christianity.  Most Unitarian churches and fellowships in the U.S. are called Unitarian Universalist.  In the U.K. the Unitarian church feels that it already embraces Universalist beliefs.  Here in Australia and New Zealand, some fellowships include the word Universalist and some do not.  This seems to relate to whether the founding members were American or English!
Many people ask the question "What do Unitarians believe?"  The following comes from a pamphlet issued by the

20. Edmund Kell Unitarian Church, Southampton
Information about the Church and unitarianism in general.
http://southampton.unitarians.org.uk/
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