21. SOTA Turkish World Turkmenistan Information; Embassy of Turkmenistan; Virtual Tour of Turkmenistan;turkmenistan culture; Turkmenistan Tourism; Turkmenistan http://www.turkiye.net/sota/homepages.html

Our selection of other homepages of the Turkic World Turkic Republics and Communities Last Updated: August 15, 1997 Turkic Mailing Lists AZERBAIJAN Adil Baguirov's Virtual Azerbaijan Republic Historical Turkic Peoples in Azerbaijan Facts About Azerbaijan's Past and Present Azerbaijan Information ... WJC: Jews in Azerbaijan BASHKORTOSTAN (BASHKIRIA) Flag of Bashkortostan Bashkir State University Professional Education in Bashkortostan Bashkir State Medical Institute ... Bashkortostan Today - economics, education, agriculture, and more Bashkiria Information - in Russian Bashkortostan Telecommunication Center (B.C.E.S.S.) Bashkortostan News BashInform - in Russian Photos of Bashkirs and their Way of Life CHUVASHYA Flag of Chuvashya Chuvashia Information City of Cheboksary Chuvash State University ... Chuvashian Server - in Russian Cheboksary ECTI - in Russian Chuvashya Respublika - in Russian Chuvash Republic - in English Investment Projects of the Chuvash Republic Chuvash Republic Trip Report Chuvashiya Regional Political Report CRIMEA Home of the Crimean Tatars Language and Culture of the Crimean Tatars A Guide to Crimean Cities Red Book: The Crimean Tatars DAGHESTAN Welcome to Dagestan Information on Kumyks GAGAUZIA IN MOLDOVA Flag of the Turkic Gagauz People of Moldova KABARDINO-BALKARIA Flag of Kabardino-Balkaria Map of Kabardin-Balkar Republic Information on Balkars First Homepage of Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria KARACHAI-CHERKESSIYA Karachai-Cherkessiya Information Karachay Homepage History of Karachay The North Caucasus: The Region, the Republics, and the Peoples

22. History & Culture culture, Traditions, and History " Water is a Turkmen's life, a horse is his wings, and a carpet is his soul" History of turkmenistan. State flag and emblem. Turkmen carpets. Akhalteke horses. General Information History culture http://www.turkmenistanembassy.org/turkmen/history/hist_cult.html

Culture, Traditions, and History "Water is a Turkmen's life, a horse is his wings, and a carpet is his soul" The energy-rich Central Asian country revives its most ancient rituals and customs, and discovers old taboos that were thinly papered over during Communist rule. Many marriages are arranged, but marriages-of-love are becoming more popular. Muslims in Turkmenistan are of the Sunni faith, and do not share the Islamic fundamentalism of their neighbors in Afghnaistan and Iran Young women with two braids and a small scarf are unmarried; those with one braid and a big kerchief have been wed...More than 70 diffrent nationalities reside in Turkmenistan...Two giant earthquakes (10 points on the Richter scale) in 1895 and 1924 flattened Krasnovodsky and Ashgabat respectively. A 1948 quake destroyed Ashgabat in less than a minute... Yurta the traditional tent (it has a collapsable wooden frame and is covered with reeds and felt) is still used today. The tent is erected in the front yard and used as a summer house...National dress: men wear high, shaggy sheepskin hats and red robes over white shirts. Women wear long sack-dresses over narrow trousers (the pants are trimmed with a band of embroidery at the ankle). Female headdresses usually consist of silver

23. History & Culture for the Turkmen and laid the foundations for their modern culture and traditions. ofthe Turkmen against the Persians, who were occupying most of turkmenistan. http://www.turkmenistanembassy.org/turkmen/history/history.html

History of Turkmenistan Tools from the Stone-Age have been discovered along the Caspian Sea shore and near the modern port of Turkmenbashi, establishing the pre-historic presence of humans in the area that is today known as Turkmenistan. The remains of farming settlements in the Kopet-Dag Mountains date back 8,000 years. The ancient cultivators in this region used the mountain streams to irrigate their crops. They also survived by herding livestock and by hunting wild game. As early societies learned to make pottery and metal tools, they began to trade with other peoples of central Asia. This profitable trade however, also attracted foreign invaders. By the 6th century B.C., the powerful

24. TURKMENISTAN News, Turkmenistan Map, Links News about political, economic, environmental and social developments in turkmenistan and the countries of Central Asia and the Caucasus, as well as Afghanistan, Russia, the Middle East and Latest Story turkmenistans Education System in Downward Spiral turkmenistan Resource Links. Human Rights. Local Press. Maps, stats, and info. Arts and culture. The Academy http://www.eurasianet.org/resource/turkmenistan/index.shtml

Eurasia Insight Analysis of current affairs Deals, Developments, and Trends Environment Hazards and Solutions Expert and Observer Interviews Culture News, Book Reviews, and Photo Essays Human Rights Monitoring and Actions Recaps Summaries of Expert Meetings Election Watch Results and Analysis East of Magnum An Online Photo Exhibition EurasiaNet Partners Contributing Sites Grants and Employment Opportunities in Central Eurasia Search EurasiaNet Eurasia Policy Forum Drug Policy, HIV/AIDS and the Public Health Crisis in Central Asia Caspian Revenue Watch TURKMENISTAN RESOURCE PAGE Almanac Facts: Area: 488,000 sq km (188,418 sq mi) Population: Capital: Ashgabat 462,000 President: Saparmyrat Nyyazow Religion: Muslim, Eastern Orthodox Life Expectancy: 61 years GDP per capita: Map of Turkmenistan Latest Story: All Turkmenistan Related Stories Turkmenistan Resource Links Human Rights Local Press Maps, stats, and info

25. Turkmenistan Arts And Culture Links Expert and Observer Interviews. culture. News, Book Reviews, and Photo Essays Caspian Revenue Watch. turkmenistan ARTS AND culture LINKS http://www.eurasianet.org/resource/turkmenistan/links/arts.shtml

Eurasia Insight Analysis of current affairs Deals, Developments, and Trends Environment Hazards and Solutions Expert and Observer Interviews Culture News, Book Reviews, and Photo Essays Human Rights Monitoring and Actions Recaps Summaries of Expert Meetings Election Watch Results and Analysis East of Magnum An Online Photo Exhibition EurasiaNet Partners Contributing Sites Grants and Employment Opportunities in Central Eurasia Search EurasiaNet Eurasia Policy Forum Drug Policy, HIV/AIDS and the Public Health Crisis in Central Asia Caspian Revenue Watch TURKMENISTAN ARTS AND CULTURE LINKS Arts UNESCO World Heritige Site - "Ancient Merv" Historical and Cultural Park Museums and Historical Sites in Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Violin Center - Ensemble of the young violinists from Turkmenistan Culture Marjani Culture Site (Dr. Farzad Marjani)

26. EMBASSY OF TURKMENISTAN, Washington DC USA Index Embassy of turkmenistan, located in Washington DC and accredited to the United States, Canada and Mexico. Includes basic facts about turkmenistan, and its culture, traditions, and history. http://www.turkmenistanembassy.org/

Welcome to the Embassy of Turkmenistan's World Wide Web information service This site offers comprehensive and up-to-date information about Turkmenistan For information or services not currently provided here, please contact: E-mail: turkmen@mindspring.com Phone: (202) 588 1500, Fax: (202) 588 0697 General Information Latest News Visa Regulations Contacts Directory ... Suggestions and Questions

27. Turkmenistan Travel | Lonely Planet World Guide turkmenistan is as much a culture as a country since the Turkmen have never formeda real nation and have allowed their cities to become predominantly http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/central_asia/turkmenistan/

home search help worldguide ... Postcards Turkmenistan The most curious of the Central Asian republics, Turkmenistan resembles an Arab Gulf state without the money. It's the second largest Central Asian country, but four-fifths of it consists of an inhospitable lunar-like desert called the Karakum which conceals unexploited oil and gas deposits. The country is sparsely populated and its people, the Turkmen, are only a generation or two removed from being nomads. Turkmenistan is as much a culture as a country since the Turkmen have never formed a real nation and have allowed their cities to become predominantly populated by other peoples. Warning Though Turkmenistan is generally calm, neighboring Afghanistan is still the site of military operations led by the USA and its allies. In light of the ongoing instability, travelers are advised to stay clear of the areas bordering Afghanistan. Other areas within Turkmenistan that are designated as 'restricted' by the government are definitely off-limits. Full country name: Turkmenistan Area: 488,100 sq km

28. Asia Directory: Society And Culture Asia Directory Society and culture, including personal pages, turkmen language resources, history FarEast.us. Society and culture. HomesTop Regional Asia turkmenistan Society and culture. CATEGORIES http://fareast.us/directory/Top/Regional/Asia/Turkmenistan/Society and Culture/1

Asia Directory FarEast.us Society and Culture Homes Top Regional Asia ... Turkmenistan Society and Culture CATEGORIES History Personal Pages Turkmen Language Resources See: Society > History > By Region > Asia > Central Asia LINKS Turkmen Books And Literature http://www.magtymguly.net/ Online documentation on all things Turkmen, in English, Turkmen (Latin and Arabic script) and Persian (in HTML or JPG format). Turkmens International http://www.turkmens.com/ Comprehensive resource on Turkmen art and folk art, music, literature, and related links. Ethnologue http://www.ethnologue.com/show_country.asp?name=Turkmenistan Languages of Turkmenistan. Rukhnama http://www.rukhnama.com Website about Rukhnama (book by President Saparmurat Niyasov "Turkmenbashi"). Open Directory Modified by Gogog Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Privacy Notice ... Contact Us

29. STANTOURS - Turkmenistan - Culture And Adventure culture Adventure Tours turkmenistan has some of the most fascinatingmonuments of Central Asia s Islamic and preIslamic architecture. http://www.stantours.com/tm_syl_ca.html

Contact Us Search Site Links Central Asia ... Kyrgyzstan Tour Styles Guided Tour to the Main Attractions Ahal Attractions Balkan Attractions Dashogus Attractions ... Embassy Turkmenistan has some of the most fascinating monuments of Central Asia's Islamic and pre-Islamic architecture. Turkmenistan's heritage sites are beyond comparison not only for their age, but also for their original state - almost unspoilt by later reconstruction and restoration. You can stroll around the magnificent city-sites of Ancient Merv and Nissa , breathe history in the ancient capital of Khorezm, Kunya-Urgench , or join the archaeologists and witness history in the writing in Zoroastrian Margush . Come and visit the Sufi philosopher's shrines of Meane Baba or Abu-Fazid in their simplicity and ancient beauty and travel the times amidst the ruins of medieval Dekhistan in the western plains of the country.

30. STANTOURS - Turkmenistan - Culture Tours - Turkmenistan And Beyond culture Adventure Tours turkmenistan and Beyond turkmenistan Iran - UzbekistanStarting from the Turkmen capital of Ashgabat our tour will cross into http://www.stantours.com/tm_syl_ca_tb.html

Contact Us Search Site Links Central Asia ... Kyrgyzstan Tour Styles Guided Tour to the Main Attractions Ahal Attractions Balkan Attractions Dashogus Attractions ... Embassy Turkmenistan and Beyond Turkmenistan - Iran - Uzbekistan Starting from the Turkmen capital of Ashgabat our tour will cross into northern Iran to visit the magnificent ancient city of Mashad. Further you will visit the best of Merv in Turkmenistan and ancient Bukhara and Khiva in Uzbekistan. Crossing the Karakum desert on the way back you will stay overnight in traditional yurts in the oasis of Darvaza in the centre of the Karakum desert. Visit 5 major historical spots of Central Asia: Ashgabat, Mashad, Merv (Mary), Bukhara, Khiva, and Konye-Urgench. Duration 12 days: 6 days Turkmenistan, 2 days Iran, 4 days Uzbekistan. Accommodation 4 Stars / optional one night overnight stay in traditional yurts, transportation by air-conditioned vehicles. Ashgabat -Mashhad - Mary - Bukhara - Urgench - Darvaza Ashgabat Day 1

31. Turkmenistan A Comprehensive Look at turkmenistan Business Finance culture Tourism Society and News Turkmens International Homepage. turkmenistan Info Center facts, photos of turkmenistan - Washington http://www.turkicrepublics.com/Turkmenistan.htm

var engage = 'http://engage.everyone.net/jserver/site=1289442_SMS.FM/aamsz=popup/area=AS.INTER.TRAVL.RESRCES/'; //number of hours to count max number of popups in var time = 24; //maximum number of popups to see in time var max = 3; //number of page views between popups var interval = 10; //type of ad var adtype = 'interRESRCES'; Home Altai Azerbaijan Bashkortostan ... Yakutia Turkmenistan Cheap Phone Call to Turkmenistan starting at 13.0¢/min National Anthem Turkmen Websites: Turkmens International Homepage Turkmenistan Info Center - facts, photos, news, map, weather Turkmenistan Chaihana Turkmenistan Language Resources American Embassy in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan Turkmen.Net, Turkiye ... Irak Türkmenleri - in Turkish Türkmeneli Isbirligi ve Kültür Vakfi - in Turkish and English Türkmeneli Gazetesi - Irak Türkleri'nin Ilk Internet Gazetesi, in Turkish Türkmen Halk Partisi - political party for Iraqi Turkmens Turkmenistan Information Embassy of Turkmenistan - Washington, D.C.

32. FANTASIA -> Turkmenistan -> Culture culture of turkmenistan. Music, National games, Jewellery, History,Cuisine, Handicrafts, holidays, events, etc Home, Central http://www.fantasticasia.net/?p=44

33. FANTASIA -> Turkmenistan -> Culture -> National Games Central Asia Kyrgyzstan Kazakhstan Uzbekistan turkmenistan Regions Cities HiglightsCulture Music - National games - Jewellery - History - Yurta (dwelling http://www.fantasticasia.net/?p=442

34. CENTRAL ASIA COMMERCE > Turkmenistan > Culture culture. Turkmen Music Multimedia information onmusicians and composers; download music and videos. http://www.centralasiacommerce.com/turkmini/turCulture.htm

CAC Turkmenistan Culture - information on musicians and composers; download music and videos Suggest a site Develop a Web Site

35. Turkmenisztán / Turkmenistan :: Culture & Tourism Links : Kulturális és Idege International catalogue of culture and tourism. Internationaler kultureller und touristischer Katalog. Nemzetközi kulturális és idegenforgalmi katalógus. http://katalogus.kulturinfo.hu/tm.html

ország Afganisztán Albánia Algéria Amerikai Szamoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antigua és Barbuda Argentína Aruba Ausztria Ausztrália Azerbajdzsán Bahamák Bahrain Banglades Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhután Bissau-Guinea Bolívia Bosznia és Hercegovina Botswana Brazília Brunei Darussalam Bulgária Burkina Faso Burma Burundi Cape Verde Central African Republic Ciprus Chile Comoros Cook Szigetek Costa Rica Csehország Csád Dánia Dél-Korea Dél-Afrika Dominika Dominikai Köztársaság Dzsibuti Ecuador Egyenlítõi Guinea Egyesült Arab Emírségek Egyiptom El Salvador Elefántcsontpart Eritrea Észak-Korea Észtország Etiópia Falkland Szigetek Faroe Szigetek Fehér-Oroszország Fidzsi Finnország Francia Guiana Franciaország Fülöp-szigetek Gabon Gambia Ghana Gibraltár Görögország Grenada Grönland Grúzia Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guyana Haiti Holland Antillák Hollandia Honduras Hong Kong Horvátország India Indonézia Irak Irán Írország Izland Izrael Jamaika Japán Jemen Jordánia Jugoszlávia Kajmán Szigetek Kambodzsa Kamerun Kanada Katar Kazahsztán Kenya Kína Kirgizisztán Kiribati Kolombia Kongó Kuba Kuvait Laosz Lengyelország Lesotho Lettország Libanon Libéria Líbia Liechtenstein Litvánia Luxemburg Macau Macedonia Madagaszkár Malawi Maldív Szigetek Mali Malájföld Málta Marokkó Marshall Szigetek Mauritania Mauritius Mexikó Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongólia Mozambik Nagy-Britannia Namíbia Nauru Németország Nepál Nicaragua Niger Nigéria Norvégia Nyugat-Szamoa Olaszország Oman Oroszország Örményország Pakisztán Palau Panama Pápua Új-Guinea Paraguay Peru Portugália Románia Ruanda Saint Kitts és Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent, Grenadines

36. Collectif Asah : Ressources : ASAH > RESSOURCES PAR PAYS > Asie > Turkmenistan > PAR PAYS Asie turkmenistan culture générale . Niveau Supérieur. http://www.collectif-asah.org/ressources.php?node=2779&

37. Turkmenistan Chaihana - Introduction The contemporary borders of turkmenistan were drawn by Josef Stalin. Sovietmembership changed turkmenistan s culture and people in many ways. http://www.chaihana.com/turktext.html

A Very Brief Introduction to Turkmenistan by Greg Lastowka Turkmenistan is a desert country located in Central Asia to the north of Iran and to the east of the Caspian Sea. It is a newly independent state as of 1991, and was formerly a republic of the Soviet Union. The Turkmen people speak the Turkmen language, which is a Turkic language (similar to Turkish, Kazakh, and Uzbek). Turkmenistan was a birthplace of early civilization. In Bairamali, the walls of Ancient Merv, over 2000 years old, are incorporated into the walls of contemporary houses. Though the territory of Turkmenistan was at times a part of various dynasties and empires, "Turkmenistan" was never really a country prior to the twentieth century, but was instead a region inhabited by distinct tribes that shared a common culture. The history of Turkmenistan and the Parthian and Selucid empires, can be found on various Internet websites. ( go to links page The contemporary borders of Turkmenistan were drawn by Josef Stalin. Soviet membership changed Turkmenistan's culture and people in many ways. Though initial resistance to Russian occupation had been fierce, over time the majority of Turkmen, especially those in the urban centers, came to regard themselves as Soviets citizens. Many Turkmen people learned to speak Russian, and Russian language ability was a practical requirement for participation in government. Russian schools were built to promote the goals of Soviet society, and achieved some remarkable results. The Soviets helped develop agriculture and industry in the area, though some of their methods, most notably the draining of the Aral Sea, have led to serious ecological problems.

38. Www.news2mail.com: Alt.Culture.Turkmenistan -- Culture, History, Politics Etc. O Subscribe the Messages from the Usenetgroup Alt.culture.turkmenistan and get themin your local mailbox. Alt.culture.turkmenistan. Home Alt Alt.culture http://www.news2mail.com/alt/culture/turkmenistan.html

Alt.Culture.Turkmenistan Home Alt Alt.Culture Culture, History, Politics etc. of Turkmenistan Related Groups: Messages, that appear in this Group also appear in alt.culture.dagestan (8) alt.culture.turkestan (8) alt.culture.turkish.politics (8) alt.culture.turkish.travel (8) To get all news from this group to your mailbox, choose a format, type in your e-mail adress and press subscribe. To stop receiving the messages use the unsubscribe-button single messages. Expect about Messages per day. one message per day with all news as html-file one message per day with all news as zipped-html-file e-mail address: This group is available on the following free newsservers: dp-news.maxwell.syr.edu (3Articles per day) news.ttnet.net.tr (1Articles per day) (0Articles per day) news.uni-stuttgart.de (0Articles per day) Clicking on this link should open this group in your Newsreader. This will only work if you have a correctly installed a newsreader and a standard news-server is set. To contact us, please send a mail to webmaster@news2mail.com .Please do not ask questions about the content of the group, since we will not be able to answer those. See this description how to post a message into the group.

39. Welcome To Turkmenistan But these words meanings in turkmenistan are much broader than their direct sense,they are considered to be sacred notions. Ikar PASEVIEV, journalist, Down. http://siyakhat.narod.ru/culture.html

//Script submitted to and featured on //http://www.dynamicdrive.com /* * FadingText(divName, numSteps, BGColor) * divName : Must match the DIV names defined at the end of the BODY) * numSteps: The number of steps in the fading transition * BGColor : The background colour of the DIV or document. */ FadingText('fade1',10,"1A790A"); /*** The "Frame Interval" Smaller = faster ***/ FadeInterval=100; Licence ¹ 000029 SACRED WORDS "TAMDYR" AND "CHOREK" The first thing is a clay stove for baking bread and the second one is bread it self. But these words' meanings in Turkmenistan are much broader than their direct sense, they are considered to be sacred notions Ikar PASEVIEV journalist HIGH flame flew up to the sky, and dry stalks and boxes of cotton blazed up. But then flame settled and disappeared. Only the stove's mouth shone brightly and a woman bent over it plunging her hand with raw chorek and applying it to heated clay. Some minutes flew by and the master took brown aromatic scones as if pierced by sunlight out of the stove. The first scones broken into pieces were given to the children gathering round the tamdyr. Then she bent over the heated stove again putting new choreks into it. "At all times for Turkmens bread comes first", the famous Turkmen writer Ata Durdiyev, the author of the historical bestseller "Keimir Kyor" tells". In Turkmen folklore there is a proverb: "Bread is the king of everything . Since childhood we have been inculcated in quivering at titude to bread: if you drop even a tiny piece of it, you should pick it up immediately and put it aside for crumbs not to be trampled down.

40. LookSmart - Directory - Society And Culture In Turkmenistan culture. Society and culture in turkmenistan Track conferences, joinrug enthusiasts or view photos of the turkmenistan landscape. http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317916/us559898/us559967/us560000/us5

@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); Home IN the directory this category YOU ARE HERE Home Society Countries Asia ... Turkmenistan Society and Culture in Turkmenistan - Track conferences, join rug enthusiasts or view photos of the Turkmenistan landscape. Directory Listings About Read details on the Turkmen physical environment, climate, society, languages spoken, population, religion structure, education system, and health systems and conditions. Turkmenbashi Cult Presents photos gathered on a trip through Turkmenistan depicting the leader Saparmyrad Niyazov and local slogans. Turkmenistan - Sheffield Archaeology Profiles the sites and tools used to unearth archaeological artifacts along the silk route and in Turkmenistan. Turkmenistan - Union of Councils for Soviet Jews Group promotes the exposure of human rights abuses in the independent state of Turkmenistan. Search for related news. Turkmenistan Chaihana Unofficial site for Peace Corps workers introduces the Turkmen culture, language and geography to new visitors. Find a glossary and dictionary. TurkoTek Explore the discussion archives, photos and weaving courses offered by Turkish rug collectors and enthusiasts. Find related links.

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