81. FOCUS On TURKEY: Istanbul, Ankara, Antalya, Izmir, Alanya, Bodrum, Cappadocia Lycians, Lydians, Ionians, Persians, Macedonians, Romans, Byzantines, Seljuks and Ottomans have all held important places in turkey s history and its people s http://www.focusmm.com/tanamenu.htm

TURKEY Cradle of the Civilizations W elcome to Turkey... This is the country where the eastern and the western civilizations meet in a great harmony. It is like an open air museum of various important civilizations which flourished on this land since 9,000 B.C. It would be a great mistake to consider Turkey as only a historical place. It is also a cultural and artistic melting pot of all its rich past. The people, living in modern Turkey now, are descendants of these past civilizations on various ways. Naturally, in Turkey you will experience an incredible diversity in environment, history, culture, art, ideas and beliefs. This is in itself may not be a challenge for the seasoned traveller. After all, diversity is the most prized feature of favourite destinations. In Turkey, this diversity is high enough to challenge even the most experienced eye because it is packed in spaces with abrupt changes in scenery. Y ou will explore ancient empires and centuries old battlefields. During this fantastic journey you will encounter many wonders starting from the fascinating city of Istanbul, previously known as Constantinople, to treasures of art and nature in Cappadocia, the marvels of Pamukkale, the mystery of Nemrud Dag and the boundless silences of Mount Ararat. Never to mention the wonderful western and southern coast of Turkey. It can only be described as magnificent... The famous ancient city of Troia with its wooden horse, just next to Gallipoli; the famous biblical city of Ephesus, with the house of Virgin Mary next to it; the birthplace of Homer, Smyrna, now called Izmir; the Hellenistic splendor of Pergamum are only the most evident and striking notes in an archaeological context one cannot help but marvel at and admire.

82. History Of Pennsylvania Turkey Game Commission studies probed forestwildlife relationships; game bird propagation; the life history and ecology of the wild turkey; silvicultural practices http://sites.state.pa.us/PA_Exec/PGC/turkey/history.htm

Home What's New Newsroom ... Merchandise A Look Back at Wild Turkeys By Joe Kosack PGC Information Specialist The wild turkey is rooted deeply in Pennsylvania's heritage. It's pre-colonial range covered most of Pennsylvania and much of the eastern United States. Along with passenger pigeons, they were a relatively dependable, tasty food source for Native Americans. But the birds began to decline with the coming of European settlers, who were unrelenting in their forays afield for game. Penn Exaggerated The birds were an immediate hit with the colonists. In a 1683 letter to the Earl of Sunderland, William Penn wrote, "Turkeys of the wood, I have had of 40- and 50-pound weight." Of course, Penn was exaggerating, but his mentioning of turkeys in correspondence indicates they were popular and desirable. Wild turkeys rapidly disappeared in eastern Pennsylvania, mostly from unregulated hunting and trapping, but also, as a result of habitat destruction. But they attracted a following. Colonial statesman Ben Franklin thought wild turkeys were incredible birds. In fact, he proposed that the turkey be our national symbol. The turkey lost bout to the bald eagle, but it would lose even more in the years that followed. Wild turkeys, like game, were considered a natural crop that could be taken whenever in colonial Pennsylvania. Necessity and opportunity more often predicated when turkeys would be taken than other grounds. There really weren't many, if any, recreational hunters in the 1700s. The same held true for wildlife managers. If game disappeared from an area, it meant you had to hunt somewhere else.

83. Golf In Turkey History Is Just A Putt Away In turkey, GuideToturkey.com will show you how to putt your way into history with golfing daytrips during your stay in Istanbul or complete golfing getaways http://www.guidetoturkey.com/golf/golf.asp

GOLF IN TURKEY ISTANBUL Hotels Klassis Resort Hotel Klassis Golf Hotel Polat Renaissance Crown Plaza Hotel Golf Clubs Klassis Golf Club Istanbul Golf Club Special Packages ANTALYA Hotels Letoonia Golf Resort Gloria Golf Resort Tat Beach Golf Hotel Merit Arcadia Hotel Golf Clubs Tat Inter. Golf Club Gloria Golf Club National Golf Club Nobilis Golf Club Special Packages GOLF IN TURKEY... In Turkey, GuideToTurkey.com will show you how to putt your way into history with golfing day-trips during your stay in Istanbul or complete golfing getaways in Antalya on the lovely Mediterranean Coast or just outside Istanbul. Imagine playing golf on an immaculately maintained course designed by a PGA Tour pro where palm trees wave and the gentle surf of the Mediterranean or the sea of Marmara laps against the shore. Come to Turkey for sand traps, sand beaches, historic monuments and historic moments in your golf game... It's all waiting for you... Below you will find our selections for both accomodation and golfing in Istanbul and Antalya regions. For detailed information about the Hotels or Golf Clubs click on their names. For our "Special Golf Packages" you need to click on the "Special Packages" link on the menu.

84. The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Turkey The Virtual Jewish history Tour. turkey. Jewish Foods of the World turkey; Synagogues of the World - turkey; turkey. http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/vjw/Turkeytoc.html

The Virtual Jewish History Tour Turkey Jewish Foods of the World - Turkey Synagogues of the World - Turkey Turkey

85. Turkey The Virtual Jewish history Tour. turkey. http://www.us-israel.org/jsource/vjw/Turkey.html

The Virtual Jewish History Tour Turkey Foreword A History Predating 1492 A Haven for Sephardic Jewry The Life of Ottoman Jews ... Education, Language and Social Life Foreword At midnight August 2, 1492, when Columbus embarked on what would become his most famous expedition to the New World, his fleet departed from the relatively unknown seaport of Palos because the shipping lanes of Cadiz and Seville were clogged with Sephardic Jews expelled from Spain by the Edict of Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain The Jews forced either to convert to Christianity or to "leave" the country under menace " they dare not return... not so much as to take a step on them not trespass upon them in any manner whatsoever " left their land, their property, their belongings all that was theirs and familiar to them rather than abandon their beliefs, their traditions, their heritage. In the faraway Ottoman Empire , one ruler extended an immediate welcome to the persecuted Jews of Spain, the Sephardim . He was the Sultan Bayazid II.... A History Predating 1492 The history of the Jews in Anatolia started many centuries before the migration of Sephardic Jews. Remnants of Jewish settlement from the 4

86. ANZAC Day - INDEPENDENT ANZAC NETWORK DATABASE - ANZAC Day Tours Home About Us Travel Stories Useful Info Map of turkey ANZAC history Links ANZAC Day Tours Gallipoli Info Weather Flight Board Contact Us http://www.anzacday.biz/

ANZAC Day ANZAC History ANZAC Day 2004 ANZAC Day Gallipoli ANZAC History ANZAC ANZAC Spirit ANZAC History Australia ANZAC History New Zealand ANZAC Day Enjoy your ANZAC Day Tours M. KEMAL ATATURK anzac day tours anzac day tour anzac tours ... April 2004 On 25 th April 1915 the A ustralian and N ew Z ealand A rmy C orps landed on ANZAC Cove at Gallipoli Turkey at 4.29 a.m. This landing has been commemorated ever since in Australia, New Zealand and Turkey Independent ANZAC Network welcomes you to the 89th Anniversary at Gallipoli Commemoration and Dawn Service ANZAC Day, 25th of April, is the most important date in Australia's and New Zealand's calendar. Across the length and breadth of Australia and New Zealand people turn out to salute, honour and pay their respects to the fallen and to the surviving servicemen who willingly offered their lives to the service of their country. Very early on the morning of 25th of April 1915, long before sunrise, the ANZAC s were getting ready to go into battle. They had sailed from Egypt, and now lay off the coast of Turkey in the darkness. They quietly climbed down rope ladders and stepped into small row boats. These were then towed as close as possible to the beach before the men rowed the last part to the shore. They had practised this many times. But they were still very nervous. They didn't know if the Turkish soldiers would be awake, or how many there were. All they knew was that once ashore, they had to go inland, as far from the beach as possible, and make room for more men to land behind them. That was the plan.

87. Georgia Wildlife Web Site; Birds: Meleagris Gallopavo Scientific classification, life cycle, and natural history of this species. Includes a photo. http://museum.nhm.uga.edu/gawildlife/birds/Galliformes/mgallopavo.html

Wild Turkey, Meleagris gallopavo Scientific name: The genus name Meleagris is from the Greek name for guinea fowl, meleagris. The species name gallopavo is from the Latin words gallus (cock) and pavo (peacock). Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Aves Order: Galliformes Family: Phasianidae Size: These are large game birds. Males measure 117 cm (46 in) from beak tip to tail tip; females measure 94 cm (37 in). Color: The male has dark iridescent feathers overall, red wattles on the throat, and a dark tuft suspended from the breast. The female is duller than the male, lacks wattles, and often lacks a breast tuft. Other things to look for: A long neck, featherless blue head, strong spurred legs, and a fan-shaped tail. The Wild Turkey is a non- territorial polygynous bird. Males perform courtship displays by strutting and gobbling. Females mate with them and then nest by themselves. Nests are shallow depressions scratched into the ground. Common habitat for nesting is open woodland. Nests are often concealed under brush, grass, or shrubs. Egg-laying begins in late March; 10 to 12 eggs are laid. Eggs are white with light brown spots. Incubation lasts 28 days. Within one day of hatching, the precocial young birds, called poults, are able to walk. By day two, the hen and poults form an organized feeding line. Hen and young remain together and may join other brood flocks through the summer and fall. Male young leave the brood hen in late fall to join other males. Female young leave the following spring. At this time the female flocks break up, forming smaller groups of females attended by 1 - 4 adult males.

88. History Of Turkey :Hotels World Travel And Tourist Information. Settling in Anatolia (which today covers most of turkey), the Turks established many which eventually became the largest empire in recent history, the Ottoman http://www.hotels-europe.com/info-countries/turkey/turkey-history.htm

Country History Culture Capital ... Accommodation HISTORY Earliest records of the Turkish people show that their ancestors in Central Asia date back to some time before 2000 B.C. Roaming widely throughout Asia and Europe, the Turks established vast empires throughout these continents. By the 10th century, most Turks adopted the religion of lslam . Following this substantial change, the Karahanid Empire of central Asia (10th and 11th centuries) and the Ghaznavid Empire (10th and 12th centuries) developed in areas known today as Iran, Afghanistan, and Northern India. Some Turks traveled south-west to Anatolia (Asia Minor) considered to be the cradle of civilization because it has embraced more than 20 cultures and civilizations. These civilizations included: the Hittites, Assyrians, Lydians, Greeks, Persians, Macedonians, lonians, Romans, Byzantines and Turks. In A.D. 1071, the Turks fought a crucial war with the Byzantine Empire. Settling in Anatolia (which today covers most of Turkey), the Turks established many small feudal states and some empires. The Seljuck Empire was the first Turkish empire in Anatolia. After the Seljucks' influence declined, Anatolia fragmented into a number of small states. The Ottoman Turks unified these separate units, which eventually became the largest empire in recent history, the

89. TPAO History Of Oil In Turkey Back, history OF OIL IN turkey. The existence of oil in turkey was first mentioned by the Turkish historian Evliya Çelebi in the 18 th century. http://www.tpao.gov.tr/rprte/HISTORY2.HTM

Your browser does not support script national oil and natural gas company of Turkey Back HISTORY OF OIL IN TURKEY The existence of oil in Turkey was first mentioned by the Turkish historian Evliya Çelebi in the 18 th century. Exploration began in the second half of the 19 th century, when both domestic and foreign companies carried out exploration in Thrace. The first productive well, operated by the European Petroleum Company, was located in the Hora Deresi region (Thrace). However, World War I, coupled with the collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the birth of modern Turkish state, temporarily halted oil-related activity. After the Republic was proclaimed in 1923, oil exploration resumed under the authority of the new Government body empowered to explore for minerals and petroleum in Turkey. MTA drilled several wells in the Southeast, primarily in the Raman region. In 1940, the first productive well, Raman 8 was drilled in the Raman Oil Field, setting the stage for later exploration of this large oil field. In 1951, the Garzan field was discovered in the same region, also as result of MTA-sponsored explorations. In 1954, liberalised petroleum legislation opened up oil exploration to private companies both domestic and foreign. These changes in the Government’s petroleum policy were embodied in the Petroleum Law numbered 6326, which today governs all oil exploration and exploitation activities. In the same year, the Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO), a national petroleum company, was established by Law numbered 6327. TPAO took over from MTA the exploration and exploitation of the petroleum resources of the country.

90. Modern History Sourcebook: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (1689-1762): Smallpox Vacci Back to Modern history SourceBook. Modern history Sourcebook Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (16891762) Smallpox Vaccination in turkey. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/montagu-smallpox.html

Back to Modern History SourceBook Modern History Sourcebook: Lady Mary Wortley Montagu : Smallpox Vaccination in Turkey In 1717 Lady Montague arrived with her husband, the British ambassador, at the court of the Ottoman Empire. She wrote voluminously of her travels. In this selection she noted that the local practice of deliberately stimulating a mild form of the disease through innoculation conferred immunity. She had the procedure performed on both her children. By the end of the eighteenth century, the English physician Edwardjenner was able to cultivate a serum in cattle, which, when used in human vaccination, eventually led to the worldwide eradication of the illness. Your friend, etc. etc. Source: From Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Letters of the Right Honourable Lady My Wy Me: Written During her Travels in Europe, Asia and Africa. . . , vol. 1 (Aix: Anthony Henricy, 1796), pp. 167-69; letter 36, to Mrs. S. C. from Adrianople, n.d. This text is part of the Internet Modern History Sourcebook . The Sourcebook is a collection of public domain and copy-permitted texts for introductory level classes in modern European and World history. © Paul Halsall, July 1998

91. The Turkey Bowl Annual Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Eve games by friends and coworkers in Saukville, Wisconsin. Includes pictures, history of the event and related links. http://www.zweb-network.com/ttb/

@import "/ttb/ttb2003.css"; The Turkey Bowl Skip the navigation Main Menu Players Other TTB Pages 2001 TTB Movie 2002 TTB Movie ... John Kist Memorial Turkey Bowl 1996 - I 1997 - II 1998 - III 1999 - IV ... 2003 - VIII Santa Bowl 1996 - I 1997 - II 1998 - III 1999 - IV ... 2000 - V 2001 - VI 2002 - VII Info Z-Web Network The Turkey Bowl online, version 2003 is up! Take a look around and relive some of the previous games and get yourself pumped up for this year's Turkey Bowl VIII. As always, try to update your information and let me know if you have any pictures for the site. Turkey Bowl VII desktop wallpaper! 2002 Champions or Full Group Desktop . Just click on the link and then right-click the image and choose "Set as Background.." in Internet Explorer. The History of The Turkey Bowl It all started around June 1996 when a fellow co-worker, Kevin Karrells , came up with the idea of having a football game with people that worked at Hansen's Piggly Wiggly in Saukville, WI. The first Turkey Bowl , on Thanksgiving Day 1996, came about. It wasn't a very big game, not many people showed up, but it shot up from there. Then we decided to have another game on Christmas Eve. So the Santa bowl was created. That had a better show-up rate then the Turkey Bowl, but it wasn't very organized. Well, Kevin Karrells quit around May, so aother fellow co-worker picked up the slack.

92. Thanksgiving On The Net - Thanksgiving Turkey the Thanksgiving symbols the turkey has become the most well The wild turkey is native to northern Mexico and the The Tom turkey has a long wattle (a fleshy, wrinkled http://www.holidays.net/thanksgiving/turkey.htm

Thanksgiving on the Net Holidays on the Net Additional Holiday Celebrations The Thanksgiving Turkey O f all the Thanksgiving symbols the Turkey has become the most well known. The wild turkey is native to northern Mexico and the eastern United States T he turkey has brown features with buff-colored feathers on the tips of the wing and on the tail. The male turkey is called a Tom and, as with most birds, is bigger and has brighter and more colorful plumage. The female is called a Hen and is generally smaller and drab in color. The Tom turkey has a long wattle (a fleshy, wrinkled, brightly colored fold of skin hanging from the neck or throat)at the base of its bill and additional wattles on the neck, as well as a prominent tuft of bristles resembling a beard projecting downward from its chest. T he turkey was originally domesticated in Mexico, and was brought into Europe early in the 16th century. Since that time, turkeys have been extensively raised because of the excellent quality of their meat and eggs. Some of the common breeds of turkey in the United States are the Bronze, Narragansett, White Holland, and Bourbon Red. T hough there is no real evidence that turkey was served at the Pilgrim's first thanksgiving, in a book written by the Pilgrim's Governor Bradford he does make mention of wild turkeys. In a letter sent to England, another Pilgrim describes how the governor sent "four men out fowling" returning with turkeys, ducks and geese.

93. Easy Turkey Or Chicken Soup Recipe for a chicken brothbased soup containing orange juice concentrate and cooked turkey or chicken, at The Recipe Box. http://www.therecipebox.com/members/box/soup/sou0257.htm

Easy Turkey or Chicken Soup From: Carla, Florida, USA Servings: 5 to 6 Ingredients Preparation 4 1/2 cups [1.125 L] chicken broth 2 cups [500 mL] water 1 teaspoon [ 5 mL] dried thyme, crushed 1/4 teaspoon [1 mL] pepper 1 cup [250 mL] small shell pasta 1 [16-ounce / 454-g] package frozen mixed vegetables 2 cups [500 mL] cooked turkey or chicken tiny dices 3/4 cup [190 mL] frozen orange juice concentrate, thawed Orange slices, halved [optional] Herb sprigs [optional] In a large saucepan, combine chicken broth, water, thyme and pepper. Bring to a boil; stir in pasta. Return to a boil; lower heat. Boil gently, uncovered, for 3 minutes. Stir in frozen mixed vegetables; bring back to a boil. Boil gently, uncovered, for 5 to 7 minutes more, until vegetables and pasta are tender. Stir in turkey or chicken dices and orange juice concentrate; heat through. Ladle into individual soup bowls. Serve, garnished if desired with orange slice halves and herb sprigs.

94. Turkey Satay Sandwich Marinated, stirfried turkey served on ciabatta. http://www.bbc.co.uk/food/recipes/db/4/T/turkeysataysandwich_935.shtml

95. Welcome To Turizm.net Travel services in Istanbul and the rest of country. Online hotel bookings, rent a cars, guides, tours and yacht charters. http://www.turizm.net/

Home Turkey Hotels Blue Cruise ... Search Welcome to Turizm.net! E-mail Password Remind Password TOP CITIES Istanbul Ankara Izmir Antalya TOP REGIONS Central Turkey Aegean Black Sea Mediterranean ... Eastern Turkey CITIES SITES ISTANBUL ANKARA ANTALYA IZMIR ... DATÇA HOT DEALS Let the gulet... Hop in and let your journey begin. Relax and let our gulet be your heavenly barge. Starting at (Daily Price/full board)... Gonen Hotel - Taksim: $39 A centrally located superior tourist class city hotel with air-conditioned rooms invites you to visit the fascinating city of Istanbul during autumn 2000. Only per person in a twin room with buffet breakfast TIPS Visa Requirements Health RECOMMENDED READING eStanbul Rugs Unique handmade rugs straight from Istanbul. Traditional design on modern layout. Photos by Andrew Fraker, Istanbul, Turkey, June 2002 Peace through art : Turkish Cuisine If you don't know forty different ways to cook eggplant, you...

96. Turkey: Welcomes You Official site of the Ministry of Tourism. Provides sections on regional information, tourism statistics, facts for visitors and publications. http://www.tourismturkey.org/

97. Cooks.com - Technique - How To Carve Chicken And Turkey Both the standard and side carving styles are illustrated. http://www.cooks.com/rec/story/69/

Add Recipe Home Forums Potluck Recipes ... Nutrition Facts SUGGESTIONS Appetizers Beverages Breads Cakes ... Vegetables RECENT SEARCHES EVERY FEW MINUTES HOMEMADE HOT DOGS FAT-FREE MUFFINS BREAD SALAD BAKED PORK CHOPS ... MARINADE RIB NEW RECIPES READER SUBMITTED ICE CREAM SQUARES OLIVE CHEESY ENGLISH MUFFIN SQUARES STEPHANIE'S VANILLA ORANGE JUICE PAKISTANI NAN ... Special Recipes Technique How to Carve Chicken and Turkey Both the Standard and Side carving styles are illustrated. HOW TO CARVE CHICKEN AND TURKEY STANDARD STYLE 1. TO REMOVE LEG (thigh or second joint and drumstick). Hold the drumstick firmly with fingers, pulling gently away from turkey body. At the same time cut through skin between leg and body. Continue as follows: 2. PRESS LEG AWAY FROM BODY WITH FLAT SIDE OF KNIFE. Then cut through joint joining leg to backbone and skin on the back. If the "oyster", a choice oyster-shaped piece lying in the spoon-shaped section of the backbone was not removed with the thigh, remove it at this point. Hold leg on service plate with drumstick at a convenient angle to plate. Separate drumstick and thigh by cutting down through the joint to the plate. 3. SLICE DRUMSTICK MEAT.

98. World Bank In Turkey Provides information on activities, data, and publications. http://www.worldbank.org.tr

var templatePathPrefix = "http://siteresources.worldbank.org/"; Home Site Map Index FAQs ... Topics Search Turkey All Home Countries Europe and Central Asia Turkey Bizim Hakkımızda Bilgi Overview Development Topics Public Information Center ... Useful Links Resources For Procurement/Tender E-Subscription Turkey The World Bank's mission in Turkey is to set the country on a path of sustained and steady economic development and improve the living conditions of its people. Small Grants Program  The World Bank's Ankara Office has been implementing the Small Grants Program  (SmGP) for the past 3 years. This year, the SmGP will be distributing 5 grants of up to US$ 3,000 each to Non Governmental Organizations active in social matters. More Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) Pipeline Project and World Bank Involvement On November 4, 2003, the Board of the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the private sector arm of the World Bank Group, approved lending to the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan (BTC) pipeline and the Azeri-Chirag-Deepwater Gunashli (ACG) Phase 1 oil field More World Bank Country Assistance Strategy The new strategy, launched on November 6, 2003 details the World Bank's work plan to assist Turkey in achieving its development goals, and describes all the Bank's planned activities in the country.ÂÂ

99. Armenia, Karabagh, Iran, Turkey 2003 - Alone Trip To The Middle East A trip to Armenia, Karabagh, Iran and turkey in the summer of 2003. Includes a list of links. http://www.middleeast2003.prv.pl

free.of.pl/m/middleeast/index.htm free.of.pl/m/middleeast/index.htm

100. RutandStrut Outdoors Provides brand name merchandise for the avid deer, turkey and elk hunter. http://www.rutandstrut.com

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