101. Turkish Embassy.org - Republic Of Turkey government Politics. Remarks to the press by HE Mr. Abdullah Gul, Deputy Prime Ministerand Minister of Foreign Affairs of turkey following the results of the http://www.turkey.org/start.html

The Embassy Country Profile Consular Services Press Releases ... Contact Info TROY (TRUVA) The Fact and Fiction Surrounding the 4000 Year Old Ancient City 2525 Massachusetts Ave. NW Washington, DC 20008 Phone: (202) 612-6700 Fax: (202) 612-6744 E-mail: contact@turkishembassy.org Daily Turkish News Bi-weekly News Briefs War on Terrorism ... Video Collection We would greatly welcome your comments or suggestions on the website. Büyükelçi'nin Penceresi Duyurular Amerikan Vizeleri ile ilgili Önemli Not Sayýn Büyükelçi'nin ülkemizdeki terör saldýrýlarýna iliþkin mesajý ... Terms and Conditions Member of " The Embassy Network " Powered by eDevlet Technologies Last Updated on May 17th, 2003

102. Bush Says U.S. Will Work With Turkey's Government To Defeat Terror 21 November 2003. Bush Says US Will Work with turkey s government to Defeat Terror.White House Report, Nov. 21 turkey, Bush trip to London, Week Ahead. http://www.usembassy-israel.org.il/publish/press/2003/november/112201.html

Sorry. This Page Uses JavaScript Your browser will not be able to run the scripts on this page so use the links at the bottom of the page for your navigation. [e-mail] See more of our Site Ambassador Page Civic Education Coalition Against Terrorism Programs and Exchanges Education/Study in the States Home Page Middle East Peace Page Information Resource Centers SiteMap U.S. Mission Official US Govt. Visits What's New 21 November 2003 Bush Says U.S. Will Work with Turkey's Government to Defeat Terror White House Report, Nov. 21: Turkey, Bush trip to London, Week Ahead President Bush said he phoned Turkey's Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan from Great Britain November 21 and told him "our prayers are with his people ... and that we will work with him to defeat terror." Suicide truck bombings in Istanbul November 15 and 20 killed more than 50 persons and injured hundreds. Bush spoke with reporters at a community college in Sedgefield, England, that he and Britain's Prime Minister Tony Blair were visiting, one of Bush's last events on his four-day state visit to Britain. "It was a sad day yesterday, but it's a day that reminds us all that we've got a job to do, that is to defeat terror," Bush said.

103. Government Web Servers In Turkey Web Servers in Gov domain / Hukumet Web leri. Tum Web lerde taramaTum gov.tr uzerinde Harvest TTT Arabul Find egenet Search http://web.bilkent.edu.tr/inet-turkey/gov-webs.html

Web Servers in Gov domain / Hukumet Web'leri Tum Web'lerde tarama: Tum gov.tr uzerinde Harvest TTT Arabul Find - egenet ... Wn Bu dizindeki dosyalar uzerinde GlimpseHTTP Tum gov.tr uzerinde Harvest Taramasi Belediye ve Il Web'leri Bakanliklar /Ministries Dis Isleri Bakanligi ( Ministry of Foreign Affairs) and Embassies: Ankara Washington D.C. Europa Turkish Consulate General Zurich Bonn Buyukelciligi Canberra T.C.Kopenhag Büyükelçiliði , Kopenhag Cumhurbaskanligi Sekreterligi ... Sanayi ve Ticaret Bakanligi (Ministry of Trade and Industry) Orman Bakanligi (Forestry) Orman Genel Mudurlugu (Forestry) Milli Savunma Bakanligi Saglik Bakanligi ... Ohal Genel valiligi Kuruluyor ! Milli Ýstihbarat Teþkilatý Ministry of Transport (T.C. Internet ust Kurulu TUENA- Ulusal Enformasyon master Plani Calismlari ... Tarim ve Koyisleri Bakanligi (Kuruluyor)! Enerji ve Tabii kaynaklar Bakanligi Mahalli Idareler Ic Isleri Savunma Sanayi Mustesarligi ... Ozellestirme Idaresi Baskanligi Research Institues / Arastirma Ensitituleri Tubitak Main Web Server Ulakbim Web Server Tubitak Proje Izleme ve Degerlendirme Web Server Bilim ve Teknik ... Gen Muhendisligi ve Biyoteknoloji Arastirma Enstitusu GMBAE / RIGEB Insan Geni ve Genetik Hastaliklar Veritabani GMBAE / RIGEB Biomail: Biyoloji ve Tip Alaninda Makale Tarama Sistemi GMBAE / RIGEB Protein VeriBankasi Turkiye Yansisi GMBAE / RIGEB TUBITAK Marmara Research Center Department of Earth Sciences TUBA YOK OSYM ... National Library (Milli Kutuphane) , Ankara

104. TurkeyCentral: The Country Of Turkey turkey is a secular democracy. Although the population is 99% Muslim,turkey s government is quite secular. If you read their constitution http://www.turkeycentral.com/country_of_turkey.html

Home Discussion Board The Country of Turkey Flights to Turkey ... Friends of T.C. The Country of Turkey Turkey is one of the best-kept holiday secrets in the travel business. The Europeans have spent their holidays there for many years, taking advantage of the unbelievably low prices for travel services that can be had there. Yet among many people, Turkey is probably one of the most misunderstood countries on Earth. After traveling to Turkey in 1998 and living in Izmir for three years, I've traveled back to the US to find that most everyone else is just as ignorant about the country of Turkey as I was. Here are some facts about Turkey to set the record straight. Turkey is a secular democracy . Although the population is 99% Muslim, Turkey's government is quite secular. If you read their constitution, which a search on Turkey Central will enable you to do, you'll see that Turkey's government is not unlike the typical European or the American government.

105. Uighur-l Turkey's Government http://www.mail-archive.com/uighur-l@taklamakan.org/msg03459.html

uighur-l Chronological Find Thread uighur-l Turkey's government From: Nury A. Turkel Subject: uighur-l Turkey's government Date: Thu, 21 Nov 2002 18:03:09 -0800 uighur-l Turkey's government Nury A. Turkel Chronological Thread Reply via email to

106. Guardian Unlimited | Special Reports | Turkey's Military Chief Warns Pro-Islamis government of possible coup Jonny Dymond in Istanbul Tuesday May 27, 2003 The GuardianThe head of turkey s armed forces warned the government yesterday that http://www.guardian.co.uk/turkey/story/0,12700,964020,00.html

@import url(/external/styles/global/0,14250,,00.css); Sign in Register Go to: Guardian Unlimited home UK news World news Archive search Arts Books Business EducationGuardian.co.uk Film Football Jobs Life MediaGuardian.co.uk Money The Observer Online Politics Shopping SocietyGuardian.co.uk Sport Talk Travel Audio Email services Special reports The Guardian The weblog The informer The northerner The wrap Advertising guide Crossword Dating Headline service Syndication services Events / offers Help / contacts Information Living our values Newsroom Reader Offers Style guide Travel offers TV listings Weather Web guides Working at GNL Guardian Weekly Money Observer Home UK Business Online ... Quiz Search this site Go to ... Special report: Turkey Turkey: archived articles In this section Kurd MPs freed as Turkey lifts broadcast ban Leader: Reputations Turkish PM accuses Israel of practising state terrorism Turkey 'plagued by crimes of honour' ... Turkey 'foils attack on Nato summit' Turkey's military chief warns pro-Islamist government of possible coup Jonny Dymond in Istanbul Tuesday May 27, 2003

107. Economic And Financial Data For Turkey For a fuller explanation of the DSBB and the statistical standards to which TURKEYhas committed, please * government services, TL Billion. Q4/03. 1,301. 1,282. http://www.die.gov.tr/TURCAT/turcat.html

Economic and Financial Data for Turkey Date of last updated: June 10, 2004 This page is updated on the day that data are released. If the release dates coincide with weekends or national holidays, the data will be disseminated on the following workday. The data shown in this page correspond to the data described on the International Monetary Fund's Dissemination Standards Bulletin Board (DSBB). For a fuller explanation of the DSBB and the statistical standards to which TURKEY has committed, please click on DSBB Home Page Unless otherwise indicated, data are not seasonally adjusted (NSA) and preliminary when first released. Figures may not sum due to rounding. Real Sector Fiscal Sector Financial Sector External Sector ... Population REAL SECTOR SDDS Data Category and Component Unit Description Observations More info (hyperlinks) Date of Latest Latest data Previous period National Accounts State Institute of Statistics * GDP by kind of activity in producers' value at 1987 prices TL Billion ** Agriculture TL Billion ** Industry TL Billion ** Construction TL Billion ** Trade TL Billion ** Transportation and communication TL Billion ** Financial institutions TL Billion ** Ownership of dwelling TL Billion ** Business and personal services TL Billion ** (Less) Imputed bank service charges TL Billion ** Government services TL Billion ** Private non-profit institutions TL Billion ** Import duties

108. Turkish Democide Democide in turkey 2.8 million people killed. The Turk government began bysingling out the ablebodied Armenian men as the most likely to resist. http://www.freedomsnest.com/rummel_turkey.html

Democide in Turkey 2.8 million people killed The Ottoman Empire lasted for centuries and ended in 1918 following defeat in World War I. The last Ottoman regime was known as the Young Turks. Settling into power in 1913, and remaining there for five years, the Young Turks managed to massacre an estimated 1,758,000 people, mostly Armenians. This genocide was a drawn-out, systematic official policy. The Turk government began by singling out the able-bodied Armenian men as the most likely to resist. This was easy enough as most of them had already been drafted into the army. Military commanders were told to separate Armenians from other soldiers. Some were transferred into labor battalions, where they were worked to death- killed by hunger, exposure, or disease for which the authorities would provide no relief. Others were simply taken to a secluded spot and murdered. Some Armenian soldiers, bound together and defenseless, were forced to march along isolated roads where they were subject to prearranged attacks by Kurdish tribesmen. Overall, 200,000 soldiers were killed in this manner. The government then turned to Armenians in the civilian population. First, to make their victims defenseless, the government denied Armenian citizens the right to keep and bear arms. Soldiers and police were assigned the task of confiscating weapons. Homes were ransacked, and many Armenians suspected of having weapons were tortured. In fear, some Armenians acquired weapons, just so they could have something to turn in to the authorities, thus avoiding torture.

109. Turkey 2001 - Introduction Geography People Government Economy Communications Tr turkey 2001 Introduction Geography Population government Economy CommunicationsTransportation Military Issues Maps Flags. Support our Sponsor. http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/

Country Ranks Maps Flags DEFINITIONS ... [TOP] Turkey 2001 http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/turkey/index.html SOURCE: 2001 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://www.photius.com/wfb2001/turkey/index.html Photius Coutsoukis Revised 11-Nov-01

110. U.S. Consulate General In Istanbul says interim government to enjoy all sovereignty Iraqi Interim government to Include CountryReports on Human Rights Practices 2003 turkey Ýnsan Haklarý http://istanbul.usconsulate.gov/

The new U.S. Consulate General Building in Ýstinye Consul General, David L. Arnett Ýstinye Mahallesi, Kaplýcalar Mevkii No.2 Ýstinye 34460 - Istanbul / TÜRKÝYE Phone: (90) 212-335 90 00 Turkish and U.S. Holidays 2004 Text Version White House Counsel Says "Terrorists Are Different" Commentary by Alberto R. Gonzales Bush, Chirac Remarks After Meeting at G8 Summit Discussions focused on world poverty, world peace, Iraq Bush Closes G8 Summit Emphasizing Common Goals For Iraq, Mideast Says he's confident partners and allies will help Iraq as it reconstructs The Istanbul Summit: Stepping Up to the Challenge NATO has role to play in stabilizing Iraq, Biden says ..more from the Washington File : Official U.S. texts and policy statements. Latest White House, State and Defense Department Briefings Remembering Ronald Reagan, 40th President Nation Mourns, World Leaders Remember U.S. Elections 2004 ... Public Announcement - Turkey, May 27, 2004 Visa Waiver Program: News Release: Request Extension for Biometric Passport Requirement US-VISIT Fact Sheet Visa Services will be closed between June 14 - June 30, 2004 ...more Vize Servisleri 14 Haziran - 30 Haziran, 2004 arasýnda kapalý olacaktýr ...devamý ... Amerikan Tarihinin Ana Hatlarý U.S. Government Search Engines Please send your inquiries about Consular / Visa issues to : ca_istanbul@state.gov

111. Turkey Power Struggle Between Government And Army turkey Power struggle between government and army.By Justus Leicht and Sinan Inkinci 18 July 2003. http://www.wsws.org/articles/2003/jul2003/turk-j18.shtml

WSWS Middle East Turkey Turkey: Power struggle between government and army By Justus Leicht and Sinan Inkinci 18 July 2003 Use this version to print Send this link by email Email the author The tensions between the elected Turkish government headed by Recep Tayip Erdogan of the moderate Islamic Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the leadership of the Turkish army have now developed into an open power struggle. The generals are being spurred on by the US to act against the elected government. The established media also support the government. The liberal newspaper Radikal , which is neither radical nor pro-Islamic, called on the AKP to carry on with reforms and disregard pressure coming from the military. Radikal , which belongs to the influential media company Dogan, recently also published a sensational interview, which was unambiguously directed against the military. A Kurd, who was quoted as being non-political, described how he was thrown into jail without reason following the military putsch in 1980. He then described the sadistic torture he had witnessed of his fellow prisoners. However, it has become apparent that all attempts to curry favour with the military are of little use. On June 30, the

112. Traveljournals.net - Government Of Turkey long form Republic of turkey conventional short form turkey local long formTurkiye Cumhuriyeti local short form Turkiye. government type republican http://www.traveljournals.net/explore/turkey/government.html

Home Explore Pictures Stories ... Accommodation Search: Navigation: Home Explore Turkey / Government Government of Turkey Locations: A B C D ... Search Country name: conventional long form:  Republic of Turkey conventional short form:  Turkey local long form:  Turkiye Cumhuriyeti local short form:  Turkiye Government type: republican parliamentary democracy Capital: Ankara Administrative divisions: 80 provinces (iller, singular - il); Adana, Adiyaman, Afyon, Agri, Aksaray, Amasya, Ankara, Antalya, Ardahan, Artvin, Aydin, Balikesir, Bartin, Batman, Bayburt, Bilecik, Bingol, Bitlis, Bolu, Burdur, Bursa, Canakkale, Cankiri, Corum, Denizli, Diyarbakir, Edirne, Elazig, Erzincan, Erzurum, Eskisehir, Gaziantep, Giresun, Gumushane, Hakkari, Hatay, Icel, Igdir, Isparta, Istanbul, Izmir, Kahramanmaras, Karabuk, Karaman, Kars, Kastamonu, Kayseri, Kilis, Kirikkale, Kirklareli, Kirsehir, Kocaeli, Konya, Kutahya, Malatya, Manisa, Mardin, Mugla, Mus, Nevsehir, Nigde, Ordu, Osmaniye, Rize, Sakarya, Samsun, Sanliurfa, Siirt, Sinop, Sirnak, Sivas, Tekirdag, Tokat, Trabzon, Tunceli, Usak, Van, Yalova, Yozgat, Zonguldak; note - there may be another province called Duzce Independence: 29 October 1923 (successor state to the Ottoman Empire) National holiday: Independence Day, 29 October (1923)

113. Travel-Directory.org: Destinations/Middle East/Turkey/Government Prime Ministry Privatization Administration, Republic of turkey Prime Ministry PrivatizationAdministration Achieves the privatization goals of the government. http://www.travel-directory.org/Destinations/Middle_East/Turkey/Government/

TRAVEL-HOME ADD A LINK MODIFY A LINK NEW LINKS ... LOGIN Looking for something in particular? the entire directory only this category More search options Home Destinations Middle East ... Turkey : Government CATEGORIES: Embassies and Consulates Military LINKS: Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Features economical and financial data as well as numerous publications and discussion papers on the Turkish economy. http://www.tcmb.gov.tr/ Rate It Review It Details Directorate General of Press and Information Information about press in Turkey, foreign press agencies located in Turkey, as well as a fact guide about Turkey. http://www.byegm.gov.tr/ Rate It Review It Details GAP - Southeastern Anatolia Project Detailed information on the project provided by the official Regional Development Administration unit. Provides the project's history, updates, maps and pictures, business and financial information, and its international impact. http://www.gap.gov.tr/ Rate It Review It Details General Directorate of Public Accounts An institution attached to the Ministry of Finance. Features the public accounts bulletin, a list of accounting offices and information about the new automation system. http://www.muhasebat.gov.tr/indexE.asp

114. AdmiNet - Turkey about turkey Thanks. banner Atatürk and his Reforms. top The governmentof turkey. top The government of turkey. TÜBÝTAK MAM WEB http://www.adminet.com/world/tr/

spreads information all over the Net Search throughout the whole AdmiNet site : options AdmiNet World Western europe Turkey Government Links with other countries Parliament Political organisations ... Thanks The government of Turkey The Republic of Turkey Turkish Ministry of Health, Directorate of External Relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Links with other countries Embassies and Consulates of Turkey to other countries : France Germany USA Embassies and Consulates of other countries in Turkey: France Germany Foreign Chambers of Commerce and Industry : The government of Turkey The Republic of Turkey Turkish Ministry of Health, Directorate of External Relations Ministry of Foreign Affairs Parliament Political organisations Cities and Towns the Black Sea Region Uchisar in Cappadocia Gate to the Towns of the World-Turkey Marmara Region Information Page ... Istanbul (Yahoo) Agriculture Finance Istanbul Stock Exchange Turkish Economics Page Tutunbank Law Sevil Atasoy, Adli Bilimlerle ilgili Linkler, Forensic Science related links by S. Atasoy

115. Government And Political In Turkey turkey government turkey State Policies and Politics - Topic List Part 1 AdministrationThe Turkish Grand National Assembly President The Cabinet Local http://www.kasbah.com/vitalstats/government/turkey_turkey_1.htm

var c = "c2"; Home Travel Guide Flights Cars ... Adventure Tours USA users discount airfare and cheap hotels Turkey Government and Political in Turkey You are here: Turkey Your search for Government and Political in Turkey returned results TURKEY - GOVERNMENT Turkey State Policies and Politics Topic List Part 1 Administration The Turkish Grand National Assembly President The Cabinet Local Administration Part 2 Economy Economy Economic Daily Life Major Industries Major Imp... link status good TURKEY - GUIDE Turkish Tourism Office in Canada Tourism Information about Turkey, Provided by Turkish Embassy - Tourism Section, Ottawa, Canada link status good TURKEY - Konsolosluklar Yabancý Elçilikler ÜLKE ÞEHÝR ADRES KOD TELEFON FAX ABD Ankara Ataturk Bulv., No:110, Kavaklidere 312 4686110 - 4676128 4670019 ABD Adana Ataturk Bulv., Vali Yolu, Bossa Apt. 322 4542145 ... link status good TURKEY - Canadian Embassy in Ankara link status good TURKEY - Washington DC link status good TURKEY - Consulate General Of The CONSULATE GENERAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY Los Angeles, U.S.A. Consular District: California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, Idaho, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, Montana and Hawaii (Pacif...

116. Turkey Economy - Capitalism, Socialism, Free Markets, Regulation,Government Poli Kurds after collapse of Saddam has been close to declaring theirown state rightin the border of turkey and lately Turkish government have been having http://www.mkeever.com/turkey.html

THE McKEEVER INSTITUTE OF ECONOMIC POLICY ANALYSIS TURKEY: Economic Policy Analysis This site presents an analysis of the Turkish government's economic policies compared to a list of 34 economic policies as prepared by Mr. Brian Darwan with the McKeever Institute of Economic Policy Analysis in the Fall of 2003 (MIEPA) . To read the analysis scroll through this site. To learn more about the background policies, click here Introduction and Policy Recommendations To learn more about MIEPA , click here Return to MIEPA 's Home Page Several foreign born students living in California have completed a study of their home country governments' economic policies as compared to the MIEPA list of policies as outlined above. The study on Turkey is shown below. The ratings herein are based on the following rating scale: RATING SCALE 5.0 Perfect Facilitation of Wealth Creation 4.0 Midway between Perfect and Neutral 3.0 Neutral Effect on Wealth Creation 2.0 Midway between Neutral and Obstructionist 1.0 Perfectly Obstructionist to Wealth Creation Return to MIEPA 's Home Page TURKEY: Comparison of Turkey's economic policies to MIEPA criteria as prepared by native student of Turkey, Mr. Brian Darwan, studying in San Francisco in Fall, 2003.

117. Turkey - Atlapedia Online ban on the use of Kurdish and in the same month hundreds of thousands of Iraqi Kurdsattempted to gain sanctuary in turkey, although the government denied them http://www.atlapedia.com/online/countries/turkey.htm

OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of Turkey CAPITAL: Ankara SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT: Multiparty Republic AREA: 779,452 Sq Km (300,948 Sq Mi) ESTIMATED 2000 POPULATION: CLIMATE: Turkey has a climate that is characterized by great extremes and wide temperature variations between regions and seasons. The narrow coast land and mountain slopes to the north, west and south have wetter and milder winters than the interior as well as moderately hot summers. The interior plateau winters are cold with frost while the summers are hot. Eastern Turkey has bitter cold winters and hot summers. Average annual precipitation in Istanbul is 723 mm (28 inches) while average temperature ranges in Ankara are from -4 to 4 degrees Celsius (25 to 39 degrees Fahrenheit) in January to 15 to 31 degrees Celsius (59 to 88 degrees Fahrenheit) in August. PEOPLE: The principal ethnic majority are the Turks who account for 85% of the population. The largest ethnic minority are the Kurds who account for 11% of the population and are concentrated in the poor areas of the east and southeast. Other minorities include Greeks, Armenians and Jews. DEMOGRAPHIC/VITAL STATISTICS: Density; 75 persons per sq km (194 persons per sq mi) (1991). Urban-Rural; 61.3% urban, 38.7% rural (1990). Sex Distribution; 51.3% male, 48.7% female (1990). Life Expectancy at Birth; 62.5 years male, 65.8 years female (1990). Age Breakdown; 35% under 15, 29% 15 to 29, 18% 30 to 44, 11% 45 to 59, 6% 60 to 74, 1% 75 and over (1990). Birth Rate; 29.2 per 1,000 (1990). Death Rate; 8.4 per 1,000 (1990). Increase Rate; 20.6 per 1,000 (1990). Infant Mortality Rate; 76.0 per 1,000 live births (1990).

118. TURKEY’S ELECTION AND NEW GOVERNMENT the ongoing fractionalization of the Turkish system and the decline of the secularcenterright, once considered the natural party of government in turkey. http://www.biu.ac.il/SOC/besa/meria/research-g/turkey-elections.html

RESEARCH GUIDE: TURKEY’S ELECTION AND NEW GOVERNMENT See Table of Election Results An Analysis of the 1999 Elections By Alan Makovsky In making two strongly nationalist parties the top votegetters in the April 18 election, Turks showed the assertiveness of a nation that feels itself emerging as a regional power and the defensiveness of one still embittered by Western Europe's rejection. The secular establishment can take only slight solace in the decline of the Islamic vote, as the overall voting pattern shows increasing fragmentation; mainstream secular parties garnered little more than half the overall vote. Overall, the result guarantees another era of three-party, and probably unwieldy, government. TWO BRANDS OF NATIONALISM The NAP, and to some extent the DLP, rode a rising tide of nationalism in Turkey, fuelled not only by the struggle with the PKK and the arrest of its leader, Abdullah Ocalan, but far more profoundly by a sense of rejection by Europe. At the same time, Turks feel that they have more foreign affairs options than at any time in years, Sensing their growing economy and military prowess, as well as close links with the United States and Israel, Turkey felt strong enough to initiate, and win, a confrontation with neighbor Syria last year. It is now more dismissive than ever of Western, particularly European, efforts to convince it to compromise on Cyprus and Greek-Turkish relations. Moreover, growing ties with Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Turkic Central Asia increase the sense of the possible. It is the moodmore assertive, more self-confident, more regionally connected, and yet unsettled by its isolation from Europeupon which both Bahceli and Ecevit capitalized.

119. Turkey Information: Facts, Geography, People, Government, Economy, Flag And Turk MyTravelGuide. We also have a turkey Tourism Guide. Facts, Geography, People,government, Flag, Economy and turkey Map. government, turkey. Country http://www.mytravelguide.com/guides-and-advice/fact-book/cia/Turkey.php

Friendly hotel experts by phone Hotels: Vacation Rentals: Europe: Home Flights Lodging Rental Cars ... World Map > Turkey This page provides up-to-date facts and statistical information on Turkey that can be helpful for travelers in their trip preparations. The following Turkey information can be found on this page: a Brief history Climate and Terrain Elevation extremes Natural hazards Population HIV Prevalance Ethnic Groups Spoken Languages Literacy National Holiday Legal System Economy Poverty level Currency Telelphone System Radio Stations Internet service providers Military Transnational Issues For more information on Turkey and its cities, check out our Turkey Tourism Guide , found in the Destination Guides section of MyTravelGuide. If you have a question about Turkey, you can ask it in the " Ask a Question " section of MyTravelGuide. We also have a Turkey Tourism Guide Facts, Geography, People, Government, Flag, Economy and Turkey Map. Country List World Factbook Home The World Factbook Turkey Introduction Turkey Background: Geography Turkey Location: southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria

120. Columbus World Travel Guide - Europe - Turkey - History And Government World Travel Guide turkey - History and government - includesinformation on the constitution and politics. http://www.travel-guide.com/data/tur/tur580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/Europe/Turkey/HistoryandGovernment'; document.write('Research Turkey hotels at TripAdvisor'); Contact Addresses Overview General Information Passport/Visa ... Europe /Turkey TURKEY History and Government History: The Byzantine State never fully recovered and on many occasions during the next 3 centuries, a final defeat was only prevented by the disunity of its enemies and particularly by the massive fortifications of the city of Constantinople. The conquest of Constantinople in 1204 – the only time the fortifications were breached – was followed by one of the most savage and rapacious sackings in the history of the world. The treasures of Byzantium were beyond count or value and many priceless works of art were removed to Europe (mainly to Venice) during this time. The Byzantines set up a rival capital at Nicea, until Constantinople was retaken in 1261. By this time, however, the empire had effectively lost control of most of its territories and, by the 14th century, Byzantine control of Asia Minor was little more than an empty theory. From the 11th century onwards, the Asiatic area of Turkey known as Anatolia had also been affected by upheavals and conquests from the east. Successive invasions from Central Asia led to the Islamic Turkification of the region, the real power fast becoming the Ottomans’ – a name derived from their 14th-century leader, Osman Gazi, who scored a decisive victory against the Byzantines at the Battle of Baphaeon in 1301. The Ottomans steadily expanded their territorial control from Turkey itself, constructing the Ottoman Empire, which at its zenith in the mid-16th century – a period associated with the reign of Suleyman the Magnificent – covered southeast Europe (including the Balkans and Hungary), North Africa (as far as Morocco), the Crimea and Georgia, the Levant, Syria, Iraq and most of the Arabian peninsula. The most famous conquest, from a symbolic and strategic point of view, was that of Constantinople itself in 1453; with its fall, the Roman Empire, in a strictly legalistic sense, finally came to an end. The territorial ambitions of the Ottomans regarding control of the Mediterranean and Central Europe brought the empire into conflict with the major European powers of the day, particularly the Hapsburgs.

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