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         Tswana Indigenous Peoples Africa:     more detail
  1. The Tswana by Isaac Schapera, John L. Comaroff, 1992-03

81. Mission Trips To Botswana, Africa
to the ethnic group of people who speak for example tswana state or tswana culture . Languages English (official), Setswana Religions indigenous beliefs 85
http://www.adventures.org/a/trips/level3/912.htm
Home Contact AIM Donate Why AIM? ... Youthworker Resources Adventures In Missions
6000 Wellspring Trail
Gainesville, GA 30506
Toll free: 1-800-881-2461
Local (GA): 770-983-1060 Botswana, Africa Mission Trip
November 5 to November 14, 2004
Age Group:
Adults
Program: Never Ending Gardens ( About
Status: Open to applications
Cost (US$):
Interested in applying for this trip?
Have a Question About This Trip? View Reports From Current / Past Trips Bruce Wilkinson, author of "The Prayer of Jabez" Ministry Detail Project Overview: Never Ending Garden trips are a faith-based initiative meeting the needs of the hungry in sub-Sahara Africa through the planting of Never Ending Gardens. This trip is offered in partnership between Adventures In Missions and Dream for Africa, a ministry of Dr. Bruce Wilkinson. Ministry Description: This team will assist the indigenous planters and trainers to plant new NEGs for family who are joining the movement. A Never-Ending Garden (NEG) is a proven method for the families of Africa to produce their own food in spite of the poor economy, unpredictable weather, and the escalating crisis of AIDS. Each family who elects to be a part of the NEG movement joins a community-wide organization that trains them to plant and harvest their gardens and oversees their progress twice a week throughout the year to ensure success. The NEG approach is to increase the number of plants that a family grows each season according to the degree that they are responsible. Each family begins with two mini-gardens the size of a front door and can continue to increase the number of mini-gardens every four months. Within one year, the average family will harvest five mini-gardens every season.

82. South Africa People 2002 - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Res
2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, tswana, Venda, Xhosa the accuracy of South africa People 2002 information
http://www.greekorthodoxchurch.org/wfb2002/south_africa/south_africa_people.html

  • 2002 INDEX
  • Country Ranks
  • DEFINITIONS
    South Africa
    People - 2002
    http://www.greekorthodoxchurch.org/wfb2002/south_africa/south_africa_people.html
    SOURCE: 2002 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK
      Population
      note: South Africa took a census October 1996 that showed a population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8% underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.) Age structure
      0-14 years: 31.6% (male 6,943,761; female 6,849,745)
      15-64 years: 63.4% (male 13,377,011; female 14,300,850)
      65 years and over: 5% (male 816,222; female 1,360,069) (2002 est.) Population growth rate 0.02% (2002 est.) Birth rate 20.63 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) Death rate 18.86 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
  • 83. South Africa Good News
    African) and 13% white (European), with about 9% people of mixed has 11 official languages, nine of which are indigenous Zulu, Xhosa, tswana Sotho, Swazi
    http://www.abundantlifecrusades.com/goodnews/2002-safrica.htm
    THE GOOD NEWS - South Africa
    Volume XXXIX No.8 2002 We have been on many long flights in our 40 years of international ministry. However, our flight to South Africa from the United States was one of our longest. Our first flight into Atlanta, was short, but our second was non-stop from Atlanta to Cape town, South Africa. It was over 8,000 miles and probably the longest commercial flight in the world. We then flew to Johannesburg where the local brethren met us. It has been a few years since we were last in South Africa. Marge and I first came to South Africa in November of 1965 where we had wonderful ministry through June of 1966. The country has changed much since those days. We believed that God would do great things on this mission and Praise God He did! No people of the world can sing like the Africans. We really knew we were back in Africa when we arrived at our first service and heard the singing. I turned to Brother Fiddler and said, "Now I know we have arrived in Africa!" We were working with Brother and Sister Bronkhorst who have been missionaries for many years.

    84. 1Up Travel > South Africa People - Facts About People Of South Africa Can Be Fou
    HIV/AIDS people living with HIV/AIDS 4.2 2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, tswana, Venda, Xhosa
    http://www.1uptravel.com/international/africa/south-africa/people.html

    Flags
    Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... National Parks More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military
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    International Africa South-africa
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    Introduction Topography Life Cuisine ... Newstand
    Worth a Visit !! Cities Attractions Shopping Eating Out ... Travel Links
    Country Facts Introduction Geography People Government ... Transnational issues
    Related South Africa Guide
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    South Africa Flag ... South Africa Travel Warning
    South Africa People
    South Africa People Top of Page Population: note: South Africa took a census October 1996 which showed a population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8% underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 32.01% (male 7,023,639; female 6,928,559)

    85. GoaToday-March 1998(South Africa's Surprises)
    the area now known as South africa was originally coast where they were the first indigenous people to run the Sotho (North and South) and tswana populated the
    http://www.goacom.com/goatoday/98/mar/keni.html
    C O N T E N T S
    Cover Story...

    Editorial...

    Letters...

    From My Balcao...
    ...
    People...

    Feature Articles
    Memorable Music...

    God's Own?...

    South Africa's Surprises...

    Transport Titan..
    ... A R C H I V E S
    TRAVEL
    South Africa's Surprises
    It is not for nothing that South Africa is known as the 'Rainbow Country', says Chandrakant Keni. In addition to 11 official languages and several ethnic groups, the country even has 20,00 Konkani-speaking people A safari to see the Big Five - lion, rhino, buffalo, leopard and elephant - roaming free in their natural habitat is one of South Africa's greatest attractions. There are several such parks in that country, but Mala Mala is reputed to be the top safari in the world. It is an exciting experience in the midst of the dense African bush. Quite accidentally we caught sight of a wild bull - at least a bull-like animal - casually piercing one of its horns in the trunk of a high and apparently dried tree. Water gushed out from the trunk of the tree and the bull quenched its thirst in royal style. The sound of gushing water attracted a variety of thirsty animals and birds who flocked around the tree to have their share of water. Was it a miracle? My driver, a gentleman of Indian origin, told me that the name of the tree was Baobab. It is a most unusual deciduous tree of Africa. The interior of its trunk, which may develop up to 9 metres in diameter, and the lower branches are soft and spongy and can store large quantity of water. They are leafless for most of the year, to reduce water loss. It is a slow growing tree reaching up to 18 metres in height and lives for thousands of years.

    86. H-Net Review: Sylvain Guyot On Stephen Dovers, Ruth Edgecombe, And Bill Guest, E
    is not really applicable for South africa, because the that tensions could arise from indigenous patterns of of colonization on the tswana people of Kuruman.
    http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=267181082027015

    87. Development Forum: Archives Land Policy
    In southern africa these are the San people, sometimes by the UN, the land rights of indigenous people such as were not Europeans but the majority tswana tribe
    http://www2.worldbank.org/hm/hmlandpolicy/0060.html
    Land Policy Date view Thread view Subject view Author view Adams ( m.adams@mweb.co.za
    Thu Mar 08 2001 - 17:24:20 EST Topic A (Southern Africa)
    Legal recognition of customary forms of tenure and land rights of indigenous
    people.
    The questions Tim Hanstad asks under this heading are difficult to answer in
    a few sentences. The problem is increased by the fact that the terminology
    is unclear.
    For example, does Tim (and the conference paper) use the phrase 'indigenous
    people' in the sense used by the United Nations when they proclaimed
    1994-2004 the Decade of Indigenous Peoples? Are we referring to people who
    are marginalized in their native land, distinct from the dominant group in language, culture and religion? Are we referring to hunter gatherers with a tradition of collective management of natural resources and an unparalleled knowledge of ecological processes and the diverse uses of natural phenomena? In southern Africa these are the San people, sometimes called the Basarwa

    88. Botswana/People - Encyclopedia Article About Botswana/People. Free Access, No Re
    Religions indigenous beliefs 50%, Christian Christian is a national language of Botswana, whose people are the The majority of tswana speakers are in South
    http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Botswana/People
    Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia
    Botswana/People
    Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition Population: 1,573,267 (July, 2003 est.), 1,576,470 (July, 2000 est.)
    note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS AIDS (short for Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome or Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome , and occasionally written Aids ) is a human disease characterized by progressive destruction of the body's immune system. It is believed by the overwhelming majority of medical opinion to result from infection with HIV, the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (which is actually a retrovirus).
    Click the link for more information. ; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected. Age structure:
    0-14 years: 39.5% (male 314,764; female 307,024) (2003 est.), 41% (male 321,766; female 318,304) (2000 est.)
    15-64 years: 56% (male 424,726; female 455,967) (2003 est.), 55% (male 417,734; female 453,947) (2000 est.)

    89. Indigenous Land Ownership
    The decision is that indigenous people who own land under legal system, and where indigenous ’Bushmen’ tribes against by the dominant tswana tribes are
    http://www.sourceuk.net/articles/a04080.html
    Indigenous Land Ownership
    Source Correspondent

    In one of the most historic court judgments ever made in favour of indigenous peoples, the Constitutional Court of South Africa has ruled that an indigenous people had both communal land ownership and mineral rights over their territory.
    Laws, which tried to dispossess them, were
    The case concerned the 3,000 Richtersveld people who live in Northern Cape Province.
    They are from the Nama subgroup of Khoikhoi peoples, and have always lived in the area called Richtersveld, until they were evicted in the 1950s to make way for a diamond mine, now owned by the South African government.
    Five years ago, the people took both the government and the mining company to court, claiming ownership rights over both 85,000 hectares of land and the minerals it contains.
    The decision is that indigenous people who own land under their own, unwritten, law have the right to have this upheld in spite of other legal systems, which are subsequently imposed by the state.
    Many Bushmen believe this is to make way for diamond mining in the future.
    If the South African ruling is applied, then the Bushmen own their ancestral land (as they do under the international law, which is not recognised in Botswana), and the diamond companies, like De Beers, should not be there at all.

    90. TDS; Passports, Visas, Travel Documents
    and Portuguese), Nama, Caprivian (Lozi), Bushman, and tswana. People from the more populous north have settled The Africans speak various indigenous languages.
    http://www.traveldocs.com/na/people.htm
    Namibia Africa
    PEOPLE Namibians are of diverse ethnic origins. The principal groups are the Ovambo, Kavango, Herero/Himba, Damara, mixed race ("colored" and Rehoboth Baster), white (Afrikaner, German, and Portuguese), Nama, Caprivian (Lozi), Bushman, and Tswana. The Ovambo make up about half of Namibia's people. The Ovambo, Kavango, and East Caprivian peoples, who occupy the relatively well-watered and wooded northern part of the country, are settled farmers and herders. Historically, these groups had little contact with the Nama, Damara, and Herero, who roamed the central part of the country vying for control of sparse pastureland. German colonial rule destroyed the warmaking ability of the tribes but did not erase their identities or traditional organization. People from the more populous north have settled throughout the country in recent decades as a result of urbanization, industrialization, and the demand for labor. The modern mining, farming, and industrial sectors of the economy, controlled by the white minority, have affected traditional African society without transforming it. Urban and migratory workers have adopted Western ways, but in rural areas, traditional society remains intact.

    91. BOTSWANA: Culture Under Threat - Special IRIN Report On The 'San' Bushmen (II) -
    who don t raise cattle, in the tswana language), a The San (or Bushmen), the first people of Southern section of the Working Group of indigenous Minorities in
    http://www.warmafrica.com/index/geo/3/cat/3/a/a/artid/490
    Portal to Southern Africa Sat. 12 Jun. 2004
    GENERAL
    TRAVEL CULTURE SPORTS ... ECONOMY Welcome guest Register
    Southern Africa In CULTURE Forum 1 post(s)
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    All Africa North Africa Southern Africa West Africa ... East Africa COUNTRIES Select Country South Africa Morocco Egypt kenya Libya Senegal Zimbabwe Tanzania Mali Partners CHANNELS Forums CHAT ! Weather Web directory ... Webmasters SITE INFO About Privacy Advertising Contact ... culture Article Forums BOTSWANA: Culture under threat - Special IRIN Report on the 'San' Bushmen (II) 10 - Mar - 2004 DQAE QARE, 10 March (IRIN) - With nimble fingers, Sobo Cgara digs around a plant and unearths a calabash-shaped root full of water. Cgara, 24, is a San guide who shows tourists his people's unique knowledge of the Kalahari at a community-owned game farm near D'kar in Ghanzi district, in central-west Botswana. He is one of the few San youth with education, a job and a future. The estimated 50,000 San in Botswana are "the poorest of the poor", says Alice Mogwe, head of Ditshwanelo, the Centre for Human Rights. Botswana is rich in diamonds and cattle, with a population of just 1.6 million. But as an ethnic minority, the San experience both poverty and allegedly discrimination. They are called "Basarwa" (those who don't raise cattle, in the Tswana language), a term they feel is demeaning.

    92. South African Diary - Facts
    the same standards of education to all people. 2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, tswana, Venda, Xhosa
    http://www.roguery.com/safrica/info.htm
    Facts About South Africa Background: After the British seized the Cape of Good Hope area in 1806, many of the Dutch settlers (the Boers) trekked north to found their own republics. The discovery of diamonds (1867) and gold (1886) spurred wealth and immigration and intensified the subjugation of the native inhabitants. The Boers resisted British encroachments, but were defeated in the Boer War (1899-1902). The resulting Union of South Africa operated under a policy of apartheid - the separate development of the races. The 1990s brought an end to apartheid politically and ushered in black majority rule.
    Government type: republic
    Capital: Pretoria; note - Cape Town is the legislative center and Bloemfontein the judicial center
    Currency: 1 rand (R) = 100 cents Currency Exchange Rates Geography of South Africa Location: Southern Africa, at the southern tip of the continent of Africa
    Geographic coordinates: 29 00 S, 24 00 E
    Area:
    total: 1,219,912 sq km
    land: 1,219,912 sq km

    93. Bwana Mitch's Safari-Shop: Bildbände über Afrikanische Architektur & Lebenssti
    years of creative interaction between indigenous people and settlers countryside, while the Tsonga people decorate their The tswana and South Sotho people also
    http://www.safari-shop.de/CoffeeTableBooks.Lifestyle.d.html
    Bwana Mitch's Safari-Shop:
    Bildbände über afrikanische
    Bwana Mitch

    Safari-Portal

    Safari-Shop

    Safari Now!
    ...
    Virtuelle Safari
    Sie befinden sich hier: Shop Katalog Bildbände Anzeige Kostenlose Werbung bei Bwana Mitch! Free advertising at Bwana Mitch! nächste Seite
    Africa Style in South Africa
    Pondokkies, Khayas and Castles von Pamela Strauss (Text) , John Curtis (Fotos) (Fotos) Gebundene Ausgabe, 176 Seiten
    Jonathan Ball Publishers
    (Südafrika), 1994, ISBN 1-86842-021-3 Verleger: " Africa Style in South Africa is a spectacular anthology that reflects the rich diversity of style and architecture that has emerged during 300 years of creative interaction between indigenous people and settlers. We visit gabled homes on the windswept Cape coast and brightly painted mud dwellings on the Highveld; elegant homes in the Karoo and simple country homes in the Lowveld." Kaufen Sie dieses Buch bei Bwana Mitch's Partner Kalahari.net (Südafrika). Oder erstellen Sie eine Online-Recherche für mögliche andere Bezugsquellen bei PreisTester (Deutschland)

    94. The South African Embassy To The Russian Federation
    home to approximately 42 million people of various include Zulu, Xhosa, Sotho, Venda, tswana, Tsonga, Pedi These indigenous languages are as different to each
    http://www.saembassy.ru/en/tourism/welcome_to_sa
    :: You are our visitor#

    WELCOME TO SOUTH AFRICA!
    EXPECT THE UNEXPECTED
    PUTTING SOUTH AFRICA ON THE MAP
    South Africa is a magnificent country blessed with extraordinary natural beauty and a rich cultural heritage. Its climate runs from temperate to sub-tropical; its landscapes range from stark desert to spectacular mountain to lush grassland and forest; its peoples can be found in rural subsistence communities or in cities as sophisticated and cosmopolitan as anywhere in the world. Situated at the southern tip of the African continent, South Africa has a land area of 1,3 million square kms (500,000 square miles), five times the size of Great Britain, and greater than California, Nevada, Utah and Arizona combined. This impressive stretch of land runs from the great Limpopo River in the north, all the way down to the Cape of Good Hope and Cape Agulhas on the southernmost coast - a distance of nearly 2 000 kms (1 240 miles). Washed by the bracing Atlantic Ocean on the west and the balmy Indian Ocean on the east, South Africa has 3 600 kms of coastline (2 236 miles), so there is no shortage of stunning beaches for lovers of sunshine and water-sports.
    A HAVEN FOR WILDLIFE
    Many visitors come to South Africa in search of its abundant wildlife, vigilantly tended in the country's plenteous game reserves and conservation areas. Africa's big cats - lion, leopard and cheetah - still prowl the ranges of their ancestors, together with gigantic elephant, rhinoceros and hippopotamus. The country is also a magnet for bird-watchers, with close to 900 species.

    95. People - Culture And History - Tourism Of Botswana
    a marginal existence, whether in larger tswana villages or the second largest group of indigenous huntergatherers proper name for this group of people is San
    http://www.gov.bw/tourism/culture_and_his/people.html
    Your browser does not support script
    The Batswana people at the celebration Botswana has an estimated population of 1.6 million (in 1999), about 60% have Tswana origin. About 75 per cent of the people of Botswana live in the eastern part of the country - in medium to large agricultural or urban settlements. The remaining 25 per cent live in the west of the country in smaller settlements. About 20 per cent of the total population lives in the four major urban areas - Gaborone Francistown Lobatse and Selebi-Phikwe BATSWANA The Tswana people are the largest group in Botswana and traditionally comprise of almost half or more of the country's total population. The three major Tswana groups were the Bakwena (who eventually came to settle on the Molepolole area), the Bangwato (who eventually came to settle the Shoshong/Palapye/ Serowe areas), and the Bangwaketse (who eventually came to settle the Kanye area). The Batswana are essentially agriculturalists with strong pastoral customs. Cattle are of extreme importance, both socially and economically. The number of cattle a man owns defines his wealth, and indicates his status and prestige. In the past, cattle were vital in the propitiation of the ancestors, the transfer of bride price and in other rituals. Today, cattle are still used as payment by a man's family to the family of his prospective wife, to compensate for the loss of one of the family (though this tradition is declining in the urban areas). Cattle also act as security against misfortune, as in times of need they can be sold or exchanged for other goods.

    96. Ocean Estates International - Your Overseas Property Experts
    the Southern, Northern and Western Sotho (tswana); the Tsonga recognised languages, most of them indigenous to South go, you can expect to find people who speak
    http://www.oceanestates.com/wd/lifestyle/safrica.asp?langid=en&prefix=sa

    97. Africaneers
    the Dutchspeaking settlers. The Dutch government forbade enslaving indigenous people of southern africa. They did allow the importation
    http://www.imb.org/southern-africa/peoplegroups/africaneers.htm
    Up [ Africaneers ] amaZulu Antonadroy Bara Basotho ... Yemeni Arabs Africaneers People Profile The Afrikaners Religion: Christianity, Secularism Population: 3,155,000 (1996 estimate) Status: 100% Evangelized, 99% Cultural Christians, 50% Evangelical Location: Afrikaners live in the Republic of South Africa. A few are found in farming enterprises in other southern Africa countries. During the colonial period, several hundred farmed in Kenya. Since the end of apartheid and the move to majority rule, South Africans have been active in business or import-export contacts in many African countries. History: In 1652 a small company of employees of the Dutch East India Company were settled on the southern tip of Africa in order to establish a refreshment station for the Company's ships en route to the Far East. From this group of Dutchmen the Afrikaners were to develop. From 1688 to 1700, they were joined by about 200 French Huguenots, Protestant refugees from Catholic France. Despite language and cultural differences, a shared commitment to the Reformed faith enabled these two groups to merge into one, and to this day many Afrikaans-speaking people in South Africa have surnames which can be traced back to the Huguenots. German refugees further swelled their numbers. For more than a hundred years after the first settlement, the Dutch Reformed Church was the only legally permitted and established church on South African soil. In time, groups of settlers moved away from the Cape settlement into the hinterland to develop farms there. The indigenous people of the Cape at that time were the Khoikhoi people, many of whom worked as laborers on the farms of the Dutch-speaking settlers. The Dutch government forbade enslaving indigenous people of southern Africa. They did allow the importation of slaves or indentured servants from the Malay peoples of Indonesia and Malaysia. The first Malay slaves arrived in 1657. Others slaves were imported from West Africa.

    98. :: INDIGENOUS SOUTH AFRICAN CUISINE ::
    indigenous South African Cuisine. Serobe A dish of the tswana people. Umnqusho - A delicacy among the Xhosa people, this is samp mixed with beans.
    http://www.joburg.org.za/november/food.stm

    Site map

    Who to contact

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    trackPage(53,'');
    EATING OUT IT'S easy to work up a hunger after a full day's work or play. Johannesburg's restaurants reflect the city's cosmopolitan nature with a wide selection of cuisines, from Asian to traditional South African. Here's a small selection to help you satisfy your tastebuds
  • ALSO: Find a restaurant according to your choice of cuisine Indigenous South African Cuisine SOUTH AFRICA is home to many ethnic and racial groups, many of them migrant communities. These groups have all contributed to the rich cultural mix of the country. The list of foodstuffs offered below represents ethnic dishes of particular groups. Many of the recipes have since been adopted by other groups and are no longer the preserve of the group of origin. This list is not exhaustive and represents only a sample of South African food. Achaar - Imported to South Africa by migrant Indians, achaar is a salad made of mango and oil - comes spiced. Eaten in excess, it could trigger an offensive smell of the armpits Amanqina - A hoof of a cow, pig or sheep. It is boiled, then spiced for taste. It is very delicious but sticky.
  • 99. South African Languages | Khoesan Languages
    ii) Arabic, Hebrew, Sanskrit and other languages used for religious purposes in South africa. Understand 5 000 to 10 000 people Speak 5 000 to 7000 Read 200
    http://www.cyberserv.co.za/users/~jako/lang/khoesan.htm
    KHOE (KHOI), NAMA AND SAN According to legislation the Pan South African Language Board established by national legislation must—
    (a) promote, and create conditions for, the development and use of—
    (i) all official languages;
    (ii) the Khoi, Nama and San languages ; and
    (iii) sign language ; and
    (b) promote and ensure respect for—
    (i) all languages commonly used by communities in South Africa, including German, Greek, Gujarati, Hindi, Portuguese, Tamil, Telegu and Urdu; and
    (ii) Arabic, Hebrew, Sanskrit and other languages used for religious purposes in South Africa. FROM: South African Constitution (1996) - Founding Provisions
    !XÛ / !KUNG / KUNG / XU / VASAKELA
    Family: Khoesan
    Group: Ju or Northern Khoesan Subgroup: not applicable Number of speakers: 3 500 (Crawhall, Nigel 2000) KHOEKHOEGOWAP / KHOI / HOTTENTOTS / NAMA / NAMAN / NAMAKWA / NAMAQUA / DAMA / DAMARA / DAMAQUA / TAMA / TAMMA / TAMAKWA / KHOEKHOE / BERDAMA / BERGDAMARA / KHOI Family: Khoesan Group: Central or Khoe Subgroup: Khoekhoe There are two extinct South African languages from the same family and subgroup, these being Xirigowap and !Goragowap, known in English as Griqua and Korana respectively. It is possible that there are isolated unidentified individuals who still speak these languages as an L1. There are no communities who speak these extinct languages.Khoekhoegowap is an ancient language, related to others from its family, such as Naro to the east and Khwedam to the north. However Khoekhoegowap is distinct and not mutually intelligible.

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