41. Thailand's History It is difficult to determine the type of culture which existed in thailand before the Christian era, since no written records or chronologies exist but http://www.amazing-thailand.com/History.html

Where to Go Next It is difficult to determine the type of culture which existed in Thailand before the Christian era, since no written records or chronologies exist but archeological excavations in the area north of Nakorn Ratchasima indicate that there were people living here over 4000 years ago. However, by the 6th century AD thriving agricultural communities were established from as far north as Lamphun to Pattani in Southern Thailand . Theravada Buddhism was flourishing, and probably entered the region around the 2nd or 3rd centuries BC when Indian missionaries were said to have been sent to a land called "Suvarnabhumi". (An area comprising Burma, Central Thailand and Cambodia). The Dvaravati period, a loose collection of city states, centred around the Nakhon Pathom area, and lasted until the 11th century when it quickly declined under the political domination of invading Khmers. During the 13th century several Thai principalities in the Mekong valley united and took Haripunchai from the Mons and the Sukhothai area from the Khmers. The Sukhothai kingdom declared its independence in 1238 and quickly began to expand. At its height the kingdom stretched from Nakhon Si Thammarat in the south to Vientiane in Laos, and Pegu in Burma. Sukhothai is considered by most Thai historians to be the first true Thai kingdom.

42. Thailand's History thailand ( Siam ) history as understood by a Farang. Below is a short synopsis interpretation of the Thai historical events listed http://www.csmngt.com/thailand_history.htm

Thailand ( Siam ) History as understood by a Farang. Below is a short 'synopsis interpretation' of the Thai historical events listed in this Thai History Timeline Chart Lore of Thai Kings and Burmese Princes settling national disputes through Elephant Jousting in The Warriors and Builders are both well represented in Thai history. Archeology ( not the usual well embellished politically motivated folk tale ) is the true historical record. "What is history but a fable agreed upon?" ~ Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821) Thailand has a well preserved archeological record dating back to pre iron age nomadic hunter and gatherers. There is archeological record to document that the worlds first bronze age culture, as well as the worlds first rice farmer, was in Issan of eastern Thailand. Pottery shards bearing the imprint of both grains and husks of rice were discovered at Non Nok Tha near Korat dating from at least 4000 B.C. The world's first domestic cultivation of rice was in Issan near today's Korat.

43. THAI HISTORY an insight to Thai history, culture, hero's and battles Thai history. Please note that this is not a complete historical background, but a reference to the people's of thailand http://www.usmta.com/Thai-History-Frame.htm

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44. Thailand's Sala Net - Interactive Guide To Thailand, It's Provinces, Cities And TopLists. Pattayanet thailandWeb.org Thai Top Sites thailandTopsites.de TopList of Siam thailand Topsites Chainat Legalizer Thai Area Lemon dawn of thailand. http://www.sala.net/Thailand/history.html

Logout Search: Create an Account You have Private Messages Home Headlines Forums EMail ... Your Account Main Home Submit News Stories Archive Search ... Topics Members : Your Account Your EMail Private Messages Members List ... AddressBook Community : Classifieds Forums Feedback Recommend Us ... soc.culture.thai Reference : Thailand Gallery RoyalTree Web Links - Select - Submit New Most Popular Top Rated Downloads - Select - Submit New Most Popular Top Rated Stats : Top 10 Surveys VisitorMap UserPoints Who's Online There are currently, 20 guest(s) and member(s) online. You are Anonymous user. You can register for free by clicking here Login Nickname Password Don't have an account yet? You can create one . As a registered user you have some advantages like theme manager, comments configuration and post comments with your name. Calendar June 2004 S M T W T F S Random Dictionary Your random word is: Coolie (n.) An East Indian porter or carrier; a laborer transported from the East Indies, China, or Japan, for service in some other country. Search Dictionary: Exact Starts with Ends With Contains TopVisitors TopTen Countries visiting Thailand's Sala Net.

45. Thailand's Sala Net - Interactive Guide To Thailand, It's Provinces, Cities And Information, General Information on thailand. Provinces, Travel guide by area North, Northeast, Central, East, South and then Province. history, Histroy of the http://www.sala.net/Thailand/History/kings/rama5.html

Logout Search: Create an Account You have Private Messages Home Headlines Forums EMail ... Your Account Main Home Submit News Stories Archive Search ... Topics Members : Your Account Your EMail Private Messages Members List ... AddressBook Community : Classifieds Forums Feedback Recommend Us ... soc.culture.thai Reference : Thailand Gallery RoyalTree Web Links - Select - Submit New Most Popular Top Rated Downloads - Select - Submit New Most Popular Top Rated Stats : Top 10 Surveys VisitorMap UserPoints Who's Online There are currently, 20 guest(s) and member(s) online. You are Anonymous user. You can register for free by clicking here Login Nickname Password Don't have an account yet? You can create one . As a registered user you have some advantages like theme manager, comments configuration and post comments with your name. Calendar June 2004 S M T W T F S Random Dictionary Your random word is: Spur (n.) A brace strengthening a post and some connected part, as a rafter or crossbeam; a strut. Search Dictionary: Exact Starts with Ends With Contains TopVisitors TopTen Countries visiting Thailand's Sala Net. United States Australia Netherlands Thailand ... See all Countries TopLists Pattayanet ThailandWeb.org

46. The History Of Thailand thailand is one of the few countries in the world which has never been colonised. the origins of thailand and the Thai people go back much further. Prehistory http://www.escati.com/making_of_a_nation.htm

Thailand The Making of a Nation Thailand is one of the few countries in the world which has never been colonised. The first independent Thai Kingdom was established in 1238, but the origins of Thailand and the Thai people go back much further. Pre-History The central area of Indochina from the Maekhong River valley to the Khorat Plateau was inhabited as far back as 10,000 years. Linguistic scholars can trace origins of ancient Chinese to an earlier Thai language. Archaeology gives us several pointers to early development of the human race in the area. For example, in the Ban Chieng area of north-east Thailand: Prehistoric tools from the Chiang Saen region of northern Thailand. Dating from about 3,000 BC these artifacts from Ban Chieng in north-east Thailand. Ban Chieng bronze musical instruments show a high degree of design sophistication. Ban Chieng artists and potters were equally accomplished. People dressed well and printed their own silk textiles. Rice may have been cultivated as early as 4,000 BC (China was still largely growing and consuming millet, although evidence does suggest that rice was first cultivated in the Yangtze valley c. 6500 BC) Bronze metallurgy began c. 1700-1500 BC.

47. HIV And AIDS In Thailand Information about HIV/AIDS in thailand. Covers the history, present situation and future challenges of HIV/AIDS. http://www.avert.org/aidsthai.htm

Home Search About Avert Donate here ... Links The History of the AIDS Epidemic in Thailand There are very few developing countries in the world where public policy has been effective in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS on a national scale, but Thailand is an exception. A massive program to control HIV has reduced visits to commercial sex workers by half, raised condom usage, decreased STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) dramatically, and achieved substantial reductions in new HIV infections. Thailand, though, is also a reminder that success can be relative. Its well funded, politically supported and comprehensive prevention programmes have saved millions of lives, reducing the number of new HIV infections from 143,000 in 1991 to 29,000 in 2001. None the less, one-in-100 Thais in this country of 63.6 million people is infected with HIV, and AIDS has become the leading cause of death. However, unless past efforts are sustained and new sources of infection are addressed, the striking achievements made in controlling the epidemic could now be put at risk. There is a need in Thailand to continue strong HIV/AIDS prevention and education efforts in the future, as well as providing treatment and care for those living with HIV/AIDS The Start of the AIDS Epidemic in Thailand The first case of AIDS was reported in Thailand in 1984, and it is believed that widespread transmission began in the late 1980s.

48. History history A LAND OF DISCOVERIES northeast hamlet of Ban Chiang indicates that the world s oldest Bronze Age civilisation was flourishing in thailand some 5,000 http://www.regit.com/regitour/thailand/abouthai/history.htm

History A LAND OF DISCOVERIES Archaelogical discoveries around the northeast hamlet of Ban Chiang indicates that the world's oldest Bronze Age civilisation was flourishing in Thailand some 5,000 years ago. Successive waves of immigrants, including Mons, Khmers and Thais, gradually entered the land mass now known as Thailand, most slowly travelling along fertile river valleys from southern China. By the 11th and 12th centuries, Khmers ruled much of the area from Angkor. By the early 1200s, Thais has established small northern city states in Lanna, Phayao and Sukhothai in 1238, two Thai chieftains rebelled against Khmer suzerainty and established the first truly independent Thai Kingdom in Sukhothai (literally, 'Dawn of Happiness'). Sukhothai saw the Thais' gradual expansion throughout the entire Chao Phraya River basin, the establishment of Theravada Buddhism as the paramount Thai religion, the creation of the Thai alphabets and the first expression of nascent Thai art forms, including painting, sculpture, architecture and literature. Sukhothai declined during the 1300s and eventually became a vassal state of Ayutthaya, a dynamic young kingdom further south in the Chao Phraya River valley. Founded in 1350, Ayutthaya remained the Thai capital until 1767 when it was destroyed by Burmese invaders.

49. Thailand - History history. Archeological discoveries around the northeast hamlet of Ban Chiang suggests that the world s oldest Bronze Age civilization had flourished in thailand http://www.marimari.com/content/thailand/general_info/history/history.html

HOME Hotel Tour Cruise ... Car Select Destination Australia Bali Brunei China Hong Kong Japan Korea Macau Malaysia Myanmar New Zealand Philippines Singapore Taiwan Thailand Vietnam THAILAND Hotels In Thailand Popular Places Best of Thailand Entertainment ... General Info TRAVEL TOOLS Weather Check Currency Converter TimeZone Converter Language Translator ... Stock Index MARIMARI.COM About Us Contact Us Join Us Press Room ... Site Map General Info Economy l Geography l History l Miscellaneous l People l Religion History Archeological discoveries around the northeast hamlet of Ban Chiang suggests that the world's oldest Bronze Age civilization had flourished in Thailand some 5,600 years ago. Successive waves of immigrants, including Mons, Khmers, and Tais gradually entered the land mass known then as Siam, most of whom traveled slowly along fertile river valleys from Southern China. By the 11th and 12th Century, Khmers ruled much of the area from Angkor. By the early 1200s, the Tais had established small northern city states in Lanna, Phayao, and Sukhothai. In 1238, two Tai chieftains rebelled against Khmer suzerainty and established the fully independent Thai kingdom in Sukhothai (literally, 'Dawn of Happiness').

50. Southeast Asian History; History Of Thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, Burma, Laos, history of Southeast Asia, thailand, Cambodia, Indonesia, Burma, Laos, Malaysia. history of thailand. Hotels, Attractions, Restaurants, What to Do and See. http://www.guidetothailand.com/thailand-history/beginning.htm

History of Thailand Hotels, Attractions, Restaurants, What to Do and See Home Info Culture Places ... Shopping An Amazing Beginning History Beginning Malays Indianization ... A New Siam More History of Rice History of Silk About Us Contact Us ... Sitemap by Charles Kimball The original inhabitants of Southeast Asia were a short, hairy, black-skinned race related to the Australian Aborigines, commonly called Negritos. Today they are found only in the most remote areas, still living a stone age lifestyle, but once they roamed the entire region, hunting and practicing slash-and-burn agriculture as far north as the Yangtze River. At this early date the Khorat smiths were doing better work than their Mesopotamian counterparts; by 3000 B.C. they figured out that the strongest bronze alloy is made by mixing 1 part of tin with nine parts of copper. They were probably helped by a geographical advantage: Southeast Asia is the world's richest source of tin. Tin is uncommon in the West, and before the Mesopotamians discovered it, they made bronze by mixing copper and arsenic, with brittle and sometimes hazardous results. At the 1600 B.C. level, archeologists came across another important discovery: iron spearheads, knives and bracelets. Normally the Hittites of ancient Turkey are credited with being the first people to forge iron, but these objects are just as old as anything the Hittites produced. Around the same time, the people went from dry cultivation to the wet-cultivation of rice in flooded fields that is still practiced today; that greatly increased the total food supply. The

51. History Of North Thailand Welcome to Chiangmai Chiangrai index of articles about the history of north thailand. Site Map. history of North thailand INDEX. http://welcome-to.chiangmai-chiangrai.com/01history.htm

Site Map History of North Thailand INDEX The history of some north Thailand cities extends back hundreds of years and spans several kingdoms. Here are articles about important people, place, and events that contributed to the creation of modern Thailand. Siamese Weapons: To Arms, Part 1 To Arms, Part 2 To Arms, Part 3 To Arms, Part 4 History of Ayutthaya: Ayutthaya, Capital of a Kingdom, Part 18 Ayutthaya, Capital of a Kingdom, Part 19 Ayutthaya, Capital of a Kingdom, Part 20 Ayutthaya, Capital of a Kingdom, Part 21 ... Ayutthaya: Capital of a Kingdom, Part 9 Chiang Saen: Chiang Saen National Museum Chiang Saen Past and Present King Chulalongkorn, Rama 5: King Chulalongkorn King Chulalongkorn - Rama V The Modernizing Monarch King Chulalongkorn and Princess Dara Rassamee King Chulalongkorn, Rama V - The Fifth King of the Chakri Dynasty Inthakhin Ceremony: Chiangmai's Inthakhin Pillar Inthakhin Inthakin, the pillar of Chiangmai King Bhumibol (Rama 9): Birthday Greetings for His Majesty King Bhumibol, Rama IX of Thailand H.M. King Bhumibol Rama IX, of Thailand the World's Longest Serving Monarch Happy Birthday to the King Thailands Beloved Monarch ... The Royal Crest Honoring His Majesty the King's Birthday Lanna Kingdom: Lanna Folk Museum Lanna Textiles Lanna Thai: A Clothes Conscious Culture Mauy Thai: The Siamese Science of Defense Temples: Haripoonshai Temples in Lamphun Thai-ing the Knot: Thai Marriage Customs Then and Now, Part 1

52. Columbus World Travel Guide - South-East Asia - Thailand - History And Governmen World Travel Guide thailand - history and Government - includes information on the constitution and politics. http://www.travel-guide.com/data/tha/tha580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/South-EastAsia/Thailand/HistoryandGovernment'; document.write('Research Thailand hotels at TripAdvisor'); Contact Addresses Overview General Information Passport/Visa ... South-East Asia /Thailand THAILAND History and Government History: The Kingdom of Thailand (known as Siam until 1939) was ruled by the Khmers, based in what is now neighbouring Cambodia, during the 11th and 12th centuries. In 1238, two Thai chieftains rebelled against Khmer domination and established the first independent Thai kingdom. Ayutthaya, to the north of Bangkok, was the capital of the kingdom from the early-14th century, until its destruction by Burmese invaders in 1767. The Burmese were quickly forced out and the monarchy re-established. The absolute rule of the monarchy lasted until 1932, when it was replaced by a system of constitutional monarchy. Thereafter, Thailand gradually installed a democratic, pluralistic system of government. Progress was slow, mainly because of the attitude of the military, which has traditionally exercised a strong (although rarely beneficial) influence on Thai politics. Since 1932, the army has taken over the government on no less than 17 occasions. During the Cold War, this was a minor consideration – democratic governments were a rarity in the region and Thailand’s chief strategic ally, the USA, were more concerned with Thailand’s role as a bulwark against encroaching communism from elsewhere in Southeast Asia. In this regard, Thailand was an influential member of the main regional anti-communist bloc, Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN). Since the end of the Cold War, Thailand has been prominent in proposing the reformation of ASEAN into a regional trading bloc (see

53. Trams In Bangkok Part Of Thailand's History 2002 October 11 page was at http//www.nationmultimedia.com/travel/bangkok/ Trams in Bangkok part of thailand s history. Summarized Text Version http://www.thaipro.com/detailed/99999/Bangkok_Thailand_Trams.htm

2002 October 11 - page was at: http://www.nationmultimedia.com/travel/bangkok/ Trams in Bangkok part of Thailand's history Summarized Text Version: Sometimes it is hard to see the real Bangkok in Thailand. Tourists who expect temples on every corner and buffaloes grazing through in rice fields are surprised to find that Bangkok is a modern metropolis that never sleeps. Those who think they will find an ugly, nondescript Asian city in Thailand are greeted by the charm and grace of easygoing, smiling people at every turn. Bangkok is usually not mentioned in the same breath as other world capitals such as Paris, New York or London. It is the quintessential Asian city that has undergone miraculous and unimpeded growth, completely transforming itself every few decades. Bangkok locals seem to see it as some kind of village that got out of hand. Today platform-shoed schoolkids teeter along the skytrain platform high above the business district of Silom Road. But in the 1920s Silom was a dusty road with a canal running beside it. The city of Bangkok has grown in the most random way imaginable, and the big news of the day has been quickly forgotten by the next generation in Thailand.

54. Thaisite.com - HolidaySite - History - Travel- And Holidayinformation, Online Bo HolidaySite history The early history of the area now known as thailand is difficult to document. There are few records available http://www.thaisite.com/e/holidaysite/history/

Book a Hotel Value Packages Rent a car Travel Thailand Thailand Info Documents Weather Safety Health ... Legal servcies HolidaySite History The early history of the area now known as Thailand is difficult to document. There are few records available today due to the lack of a unified system of writing, the ravages of the jungle environment on antiquities and the many times the inhabitants of this area were over come, enslaved or killed. This fertile and livable area has supported human life for a much longer period of time than we have verifiable written records. Founded in the thirteenth century, the Kingdom of Thailand was known until 1939 as Siam, a word that still, for many visitors, evokes visions of an ancient land of mystery and allure. Once referred to as Siamese, the people of Thailand are now called "Thai", which itself mean 'Free', Thailand being "The Land of The Free." If we trace the origins of the Thai we find their ancestors were a people of southern China called T'ai who slowly migrated throughout the area, some settling in what is now northern Thailand and establishing a fledgling Thai kingdom at Payao in 1096. Spurred by the Mongol conquest of China, the northern Thai kingdoms grew in size and numbers, with Lanna Thai and Sukhothai becoming especially important cities. Mengrai, a tribal leader who founded Lanna Thai, " A Million Rice Fields", named his Chiang Mai city which still today serves as a bastion of traditional Thai ways.

55. SMILE-A-DAY WORLD - AMAZING THAILAND - History Of Thailand Prehistory. For example, in the Ban Chieng area of north-east thailand Prehistoric tools from the Chiang Saen region of northern thailand. http://www.smile-a-day.com/making_of_a_nation.shtml

Amazing Thailand The Making of a Nation Thailand is one of the few countries in the world which has never been colonised. The first independent Thai Kingdom was established in 1238, but the origins of Thailand and the Thai people go back much further. Pre-History The central area of Indochina from the Maekhong River valley to the Khorat Plateau was inhabited as far back as 10,000 years. Linguistic scholars can trace origins of ancient Chinese to an earlier Thai language. Archaeology gives us several pointers to early development of the human race in the area. For example, in the Ban Chieng area of north-east Thailand: Prehistoric tools from the Chiang Saen region of northern Thailand. Dating from about 3,000 BC these artifacts from Ban Chieng in north-east Thailand. Ban Chieng bronze musical instruments show a high degree of design sophistication. Ban Chieng artists and potters were equally accomplished. People dressed well and printed their own silk textiles. Rice may have been cultivated as early as 4,000 BC (China was still largely growing and consuming millet, although evidence does suggest that rice was first cultivated in the Yangtze valley c. 6500 BC) Bronze metallurgy began c. 1700-1500 BC.

56. SMILE-A-DAY WORLD - AMAZING THAILAND - History Of Thailand Amazing thailand 1686 Map of Old Siam. Click Here smilea-day.com, is a part of, escati.com. Surround Yourself With Success - CLICK HERE. http://www.smile-a-day.com/french-map.shtml

Amazing Thailand 1686 Map of Old Siam is a part of Money in this! - CLICK HERE Fun page about SFI Back Home

57. Royalty.nu - Royalty In Thailand - History Of Siam About Thai royal gifts to the United States of America. Illustrated with color photos. thailand A Short history by David K. Wyatt. (UK). http://www.royalty.nu/Asia/Thailand/

Royalty.nu World Royalty Asia > Thailand > Thai Royal News Books About Thailand Search Royalty in Thailand The Chakkri dynasty has reigned in Thailand since 1782. At the dawn of the 20th century, the country then called Siam was ruled by King Chulalongkorn, who was the son of Mongkut , the king portrayed by Yul Brynner in "The King and I." Chulalongkorn abolished slavery and otherwize modernized the country. He died in 1910 and was succeeded by two of his sons, one after the other first Vajiravudh and then, in 1925, Prajadhipok. In 1935 the throne passed to Prajadhipok's nephew Ananda Mahidol. When he died unexpectedly in 1946 (shot under mysterious circumstances), his younger brother became king. That brother, Bhumibol Adulyadej, known as King Rama IX, is still alive and has reigned longer than any other living monarch, although his real power is limited. The king and his wife, Queen Sirikit, have been married since 1950. They have four children. News May 19, 2004 Thai queen concerned at violence April 13, 2004 Crown Prince safe after appendicitis operation March 11, 2004

58. Asiatour.com / Thailand / The Country And Its People / History enhancement, and on how and where it can be obtained easily for prices as low as 80 cents per 0.5 mg, the standard dosage. thailand. history. http://www.asiatour.com/thailand/e-01land/et-lan25.htm

Asiatour.com - travel guide written by Serge Kreutz COCKATOO PRESS ONLINE 20A Yellow Road, Pilar Village Las Pinas, Metro Manila, Philippines Phone / Fax : H O M E Health Publications Privacy Policy Tongkat Ali Apart from his travel guides on Asia, Serge Kreutz has also written extensively about tongkat ali, a Southeast Asian medicinal herb and aphrodisiac. If you want to try tongkat ali yourself, you can purchase it from TongkatAli.org . Serge Kreutz reports extensively on his experience with tongkat ali on his domain TestingTongkatAli.com. THAILAND Detailed Thailand map Please click here for the most detailed map on Thailand available on the Internet (as well as information on the Southeast Asian herbal wonder drug Tongkat Ali). History Sukhothai Ayutthaya Bangkok / Absolute Monarchy Bangkok / Constitutional Monarchy Additional information on country and people: Regions Climate Weights and Measures People ... State and Monarchy Full table of contents Travel Information Bangkok Central Thailand North Thailand ... Yunnan This page: http://www.asiatour.com/thailand/e-01land/et-lan25.htm

59. History Of Phuket And Thai Antiques In Thailand Phuket history. history of Phuket and Thai antiques. Phuket history and Thai Antiques, thailand. Ancient Times in Phuket. South thailand http://www.phuket-guide.net/phuket-history/

Phuket history History of Phuket and Thai antiques Phuket History and Thai Antiques, Thailand Ancient Times in Phuket South Thailand has been inhabited since the early days of mankind by ancient tribes who settled and or adapted their lifestyles to the local environment. Who arrived first and who pushed out or assimilated who has kept archaeologists occupied for a long time, and promises to keep them working for a good while to come. back to top back to top Home Hotels ... Web design by Phuket Thaiwave and Andaman Graphics Tel: (66 76) 236 550 (10 lines) Fax: (66 76) 236 542 Published by the Plain Paper Guide Book Co., Ltd. by Gary L. Ebsen For comments, questions and suggestions, Contact us here Back to Top Bangkok Hotels Krabi Hotels ... History of Phuket Ancient Times Early Thais Sukhothai Ayutthaya The Taksin Era ... Tin, Rubber and Tourists

60. MapZones.com History thailand, history, Back to Top. Little is known of the earliest inhabitants of what is now thailand, but 5,000year-old archaeological http://www.mapzones.com/world/asia/thailand/historyindex.php

Country Info Thailand Introduction Thailand General Data Thailand Maps Thailand Culture ... Thailand Time and Date Thailand History Back to Top Little is known of the earliest inhabitants of what is now Thailand, but 5,000-year-old archaeological sites in the northeastern part of the country are believed to contain the oldest evidence of rice cultivation and bronze casting in Asia and perhaps in the world. In early historical times, a succession of tribal groups controlled what is now Thailand. The Mon and Khmer peoples established powerful kingdoms that included large areas of the country. They absorbed from contact with South Asian peoples religious, social, political, and cultural ideas and institutions that later influenced the development of Thailand's culture and national identity. The Tai, a people who originally lived in southwestern China, migrated into mainland Southeast Asia over a period of many centuries. The first mention of their existence in the region is a twelfth-century A.D. inscription at the Khmer temple complex of Angkor Wat in Cambodia, which refers to syam, or "dark brown" people (the origin of the term Siam) as vassals of the Khmer monarch. In 1238 a Tai chieftain declared his independence from the Khmer and established a kingdom at Sukhothai in the broad valley of the Mae Nam (river) Chao Phraya, at the center of modern Thailand. Sukhothai was succeeded in the fourteenth century by the kingdom of Ayutthaya. The Burmese invaded Ayutthaya and in 1767 destroyed the capital, but two national heroes, Taksin and Chakkri, soon expelled the invaders and reunified the country under the Chakkri Dynasty.

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