61. Introduction To The Scorpiones A brief description of scorpion history, biology and taxonomy from UCMP Berkeley. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/arachnida/scorpiones.html

Scorpiones Scorpions are the oldest arachnids for which fossils are known, and they were the first arachnid fossils to be found in Paleozoic strata. The Silurian scorpions appear to have lived in the water, since their fossils have gills, but by the Carboniferous scorpions with such features are no longer found fossils from the Pennsylvanian age Mazon Creek beds have book lungs covered by protective plates, and so were probably land-dwellers. The best scorpion fossils come from the Devonian and the Oligocene; there is a severe lack of fossils known from the intervening period. These earliest scorpiones are considered to be Protoscorpions, since they possess many traits which are plesiomorphic for scorpions. For example, in all scorpions the thick front portion on the abdomen is made up of seven segments, but the number of sternite plates which cover this region varies among the earliest fossils, while all living species have five. All scorpions have an additional five segments after the initial seven, ending in a sharp sting. This sting contains a pair of poison glands which can paralyze prey, usually insects or small rodents , or may deliver a painful sting to incautious persons. Most scorpion stings are merely painful, leading to swelling in the immediate region of the sting, but some scorpions of northern Africa and the American southwest can be deadly. In the US, the deadliest scorpions are to be found in Arizona, where it is a good idea to shake out shoes before putting them on in the morning!

62. Science Publisher, Inc Back. Palaemonid Prawns Biodiversity, taxonomy, biology and Management KV JayachandranISBN 157808-182-3; 2001; 640 Pages; US $ 139.00 Buy Now The book is http://www.scipub.net/aquaculture/palaemonid-prawns.html

VIEW MY CART / CHECK OUT Agriculture Aquaculture Biology ... www.aspb.org American Society of Plant Biologists www.sivb.org The Society for In Vitro Biology www.irri.org International Rice Research Institute Palaemonid Prawns Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Biology and Management K.V. Jayachandran ISBN 1-57808-182-3; 2001; 640 Pages; US $ 139.00 Buy Now The book is based on a vast collection of original material from many parts of the oceans. It reviews the effects of nutritional conditions on the vertical and horizontal distribution of the deep-sea fauna based on examination of the food contents of large numbers of trawl-and-grab caught benthos. The book also describes the global pattern of eutrophic and oligotrophic conditions in the abyss. In particular, it introduces a new 'near-continental' eutrophic zone, where specific feeding conditions occur throughout all oceans. Contents: General Introduction Classification of Decapoda Biogeography of Palaemonid Prawns of the World Troglobitic Prawns (Families and Genera; Species of Family Palaemonidae; Adaptations; Commercially important Palaemonid Prawns of the World

63. Cerambycidae Explores taxonomy, biology, and macrophotography of longhorn beetles of the West Palaearctic region. http://www.uochb.cas.cz/~natur/cerambyx/index.htm

64. Termites - Urban Entomology Program Home Page Termite biology, taxonomy, phylogeny, control, beneficial uses of termites, genus and species lists, distribution lists, family keys, and a comprehensive list of termiterelated links. http://www.utoronto.ca/forest/termite/termite.htm

Urban Entomology Program Centre for Urban and Community Studies University of Toronto Dr. Timothy G. Myles, Director 455 Spadina Ave, Suite 400 Toronto, Ontario M5S 2G8 Canada E-mail: t.myles@utoronto.ca Tel: (416) 978-5755 Fax: (416) 978-7162 Remember to bookmark this site (http://www.utoronto.ca/forest/termite/termite.htm) Urban Entomology Program (staff photos) Publications and Media (with printable pdf files) Bed bugs in Toronto (new) (new) Termite Biology Termite Taxonomy click able thumbnails ! ! ) Termite Phylogeny Beneficial Uses of Termites Distribution of Northern Termites (new) Termite Control Methods Manifesto of a termite researcher Trap-Treat-Release Fighting Fire with Fire @Discovery Canada feature on Trap-Treat-Release, Oct 23, 2001 Just Ask Jon Eakes TV show appearance Yard Wood Management W o r l d o f T e r m i t e s i n Cy be r s p a c e TOUR STARTS HERE Photo Links: List of all 288 termite genera in the world with links to soldier photos List of 179 termite genera with photo links Photographic plates of termite soldier mandibles (new) Photographic plates of termite worker mouthparts (new) Photographic plates of termite worker legs (new) Termites of the World by Continent Genus and Species Lists Distribution Cosmopolitan ... References Illustrated Termites of North America Family Keys by Alate or Soldier Mandibles of North American Termite Soldiers Termopsidae (Rottenwood Termites) Kalotermitidae (Dampwood and Drywood Termites) ... Termitidae (Higher Termites) Features Termite Movies (Spectacular Animated GIF files!)

65. Biology - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia the comparisons of DNA sequences conducted within molecular biology or genomics classificationof living things is called systematics, or taxonomy, and should http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biology

Biology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Server will be down for maintenance on 2004-06-11 from about 18:00 to 18:30 UTC. Biology is the science of life . It is concerned with the characteristics and behaviors of organisms , how species and individuals come into existence, and the interactions they have with each other and with their environment Table of contents 1 Overview of biology 1.1 Fields of study in biology 1.2 Related disciplines 1.3 People and history ... edit Overview of biology Biology encompasses a broad spectrum of academic fields that are often viewed as independent disciplines. Together, they study life over a wide range of scales at the atomic and molecular scale, through molecular biology biochemistry , and to some extent genetics at the cellular scale, through cell biology at the multicellular scales, through physiology anatomy , and histology at the level of the development or ontogeny of an individual organism, through developmental biology at the level of heredity between parent and offspring through genetics at the level of group behavior through ethology at the level of an entire population , through population genetics on the multi-species scale of lineages , through systematics at the level of interdependent populations and their habitats through ecology and evolutionary biology and speculatively through xenobiology at the level of life beyond the Earth.

66. The Lurker's Guide To Stomatopods - Mantis Shrimp A comprehensive guide to mantis shrimps (stomatopods). Includes image galleries, articles on their biology and taxonomy, and howto notes for reef aquarists. http://www.blueboard.com/mantis/

Stomatopods (mantis shrimps) are predatory crustaceans that live in the shallow waters of tropical and subtropical seas. They use specialized raptorial appendages to capture and subdue prey by either "spearing" the animals or "smashing" them with heavily calcified clubs. The force of the strike of a large Californian species approaches that of a 22 caliber bullet, and is capable of breaking double layered safety glass. They are, weight for weight, probably the most formidable animals alive. I have been interested in mantis shrimps since I first read about them in early 1998 , and I hope this site will give you a very good idea why mantis shrimps are one of the most remarkable and fascinating animals on earth. Also, please take the time to mark your presence in the new guestbook, Imprints in the Fungus Garden Introduction to Website What is the purpose of this site? Who maintains this site? Notables mentions / Honors of this site. Thanks for the support. What Weights and Measurements are used in the Site? * Last Updated: April 7, 2004.

67. Lioncrusher's Domain -- Information On Wild Carnivores taxonomy and biology of wolves, hyenas, wild cats and dogs, and other wild carnivores. http://www.lioncrusher.com/

visitors since March 15, 2001! Search Lioncrusher's Domain: Latest Updates: Another new artwork to Colored Drawings (4/27/2004 4:39:41 PM) Redid that lion portrait on black paper. New artwork (4/25/2004 6:45:09 PM) Simple drawing of a wolf Nimravidae and Machairodontinae (4/19/2004 3:48:55 PM) I have completed pages on the Nimravidae family (the false sabre-toothed cats) and the Machairodontinae subfamily (true sabre-toothed cats). Overview of the Site: If you would like to link to my site, feel free to use this button: Lioncrusher's Domain: Since July 29, 1998. E-Mail Me Recommend this page Glossary of Terms Image Linking Policy ... About the Site Lioncrusher's Domain © Rebecca Postanowicz Page and database design and scripting by Matt McGlynn

68. Biology The Arctic Char, Salvelinus alpinus, in Ireland. taxonomy The famous Swedish taxonomistLinnaeus classified the arctic char in 1758 as Salvelinus alpinus. http://www.charr.org/biology/taxonomy.htm

Introduction Taxonomy Morphology Distribution Diet Size ... Extinction The Arctic Char, Salvelinus alpinus , in Ireland Taxonomy The famous Swedish taxonomist Linnaeus classified the arctic char in 1758 as Salvelinus alpinus They are as follows; Salvelinus colii Lough Eske, Co. Donegal Coomasaharan Char Salvelinus fimbriatus Lake Coomasaharan, Co. Kerry Salvelinus grayi Lough Melvin, Co. Leitrim Blunt snouted Irish char Salvelinus obtusus Killarney Lakes, Co. Kerry Salvelinus scharffi EXINCT Loughs Ennel and Owel, Co. Westmeath Salvelinus trevelyani Lough Finn, Co. Donegal Salvelinus alpinus . But for his own reasons he felt the trinomial nomenclature unnecessary. This led to some confusion in later years with some workers misinterpreting the classifications as species distinct from arctic char. S. colii, S. grayi, S. fimbriatus, S. trevelyani

69. Elephant Notes on taxonomy and biology of the African Elephant. http://nature-wildlife.com/eletxt.htm

ELEPHANT, Loxodonta africana Images of Elephants WHAT IT IS ELEPHANT Loxodonta africana Family Elephantidae Order Proboscidea SUBSPECIES Savanna elephant, L. a. africana Forest elephant, L. a. cyclotis WHAT IT IS FOREST ELEPHANTS Dwarfs inhabiting Lowland Rainforest would be considered a different species if the two forms didn't interbreed at the forest edge. Only 7 ft 10 in to 9 ft 2 in (2.4 2.8 m) tall, wt 3960 to 7040 lb (1800-3200 kg), with straight, downward pointing, parallel tusks, more oval ears, front feet with 5 nails, rear feet with 4. WHERE IT LIVES GOOD PLACES TO SEE IT Amboseli NP, Masai Mara GR, Kenya; Tarangire and Ruaha NP (dry season), Tanzania; Kafue NP, Zambia; Mana Pools and Hwange NP, Zimbabwe; Chobe NP, Moremi GR, Botswana; Kruger NP, South Africa; Etosha NP, Namibia. ECOLOGY Arguably the world's most versatile herbivore. Equipped with its unique nasal appendage an all in one grasping, smelling, drinking, squirting, broadcasting tool a big elephant feeds from ground up to 20 feet higher than a giraffe can reach. The trunk can coil around and pull up grass, pick up peas, and tear off tree limbs. Tusks are also tools for prying bark loose, digging pits and even caves in mineral earth to increase salt intake. Rasplike teeth grind up the toughest grasses, reeds, bark, and branches. Some bulls specialize in pushing over big trees. Elephant dung consists largely of fiber that passes undigested through its comparatively small system. To compensate, adults consume and quickly process vast amounts: c. 330 lb/day (150 kg/day). Grass and herbs are mainstays in rainy season when elephants wander widely over the savanna; foliage and other browse are important in dry season when they feed more in forests, near water. Elephant trails that once crisscrossed the continent were the roadways used by human travelers. Many of today's highways are simply widened and paved trails engineered by elephants.

70. Evolutionary Biology Resources Museums and Evolution, Natural Selection, Paleontology, taxonomy andEvolutionary Trees, Zoos, Conservation and Evolutionary biology, http://www.anselm.edu/homepage/jpitocch/resevol.html

Evolutionary Biology Resources Saint Anselm College This is a list of cyberresources that I have found on theInternet that deal with intersting issues in EvolutionaryBiology. I have assembled this with the aid of my students, Bob"Lou" Allard ('01), Denise Bussiere ('03), Corrie Dickhaut ('06), Gary Grilli ('97), Chris McIntyre ('06), RJ O'Brien ('06), Bob "Graduation Speaker" Osgood ('04), Andrea Tortolano('03) and others to provide supplemental materials to my coursein Evolutionary Biology here at Saint Anselm College. Anthropology and Archaeology and Human Evolution Charles Darwin Evolution - Origins Evolution - Simulations ... Zoos, Conservation and Evolutionary Biology Anthropology, Archaeology and Human Evolution Anthropology Resources on the Internet Archaeology from National Geographic Archaeology.Info ArchNet ... Underwater Archeology Charles Darwin About Darwin Charles Darwin, 1809-1882 Charles Darwin and the Principles of Evolution Charles Darwin Research Institute ... Urbanowicz on Darwin/September 1996 Evolution - Origins CREATION/EVOLUTION REFERENCE DATABASE Evolutionary Biology and the National Research Agenda from the Society of American Naturalists Evolutionary Theory Mailing List Evolution Happens ... Is Creationism Science?: A Debate Between Duane Gish and Frank Zindler

71. Dragoo's Wild Skunk Information Detailed information about the biology and taxonomy of the skunk family, with a section on rabies in skunks. http://www.dragoo.org/

Dragoo Institute for the Betterment of Skunks and Skunk Reputations The primary goal of this site is to provide basic biological information pertaining to wild skunks. We will attempt to provide our understanding of placement of skunks on the tree of life (evolutionary relationship to weasels and other carnivores), as well as the natural history and general biology of the various species of skunks. We also will try to provide information on how to deal with "problem" animals. We will provide our sources for the information either by referencing the scientific literature or web sites made available by researchers or organizations. The links on the left side of these pages point to the various topics related to skunk biology. This site does not offer information regarding pet skunks. If you require information on pet skunks please check out these links This site will be growing over the next few weeks and months (and years). We will be adding pictures and possibly video of various skunk species. Currently we are trying to compress the images to downloadable sizes (remember, we are biologists not web masters). If you don't find what you are looking for here than please feel free to contact the Dragoo Institute Division of Mammals , Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico Wildlife Rescue, Inc. of New Mexico

72. ADW: Tapiridae: Information biology and taxonomy of the tapirs from the Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/perissodactyla/tapiridae

Overview News Conditions of Use ADW Staff ... Home Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia Order Perissodactyla Family Tapiridae Family Tapiridae (tapirs) Information Pictures Specimens Classification editLink('skunkworks/.accounts/200310302242') 2004/05/18 13:29:07.935 GMT-4 By Phil Myers and Liz Ballenger Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Perissodactyla Family: Tapiridae Members of this Family The family Tapiridae contains tapirs. They are placed in one genus, Tapirus , with four species. Three of these species live in South America, ranging from southern Mexico through central America to Venezuela, and south to Paraguay and Brazil. The fourth species, the Malayan tapir, inhabits Burma and Thailand south to Malaya and Sumatra. Tapirs are shy, reclusive rainforest animals that live in nearly any wooded or grassy habitat with a permanent supply of water. They have also been found in dry deciduous forests and mountain forests. Tapirs are about the size of a donkey. Their body is rounded in back and tapering in front well suited for rapid movement through thick underbrush. They also have a very short tail. Tapirs have bristly hairs scattered all over the body, and an inconspicuous mane is present on two of the South American species. All the South American tapirs are uniform dark brown or gray in color, whereas the Malayan tapir is black on its hind legs and the entire front of its body, and creamy white through its midsection. All tapirs have a short, fleshy proboscis formed by the snout and upper lips. This proboscis is more elongated in the South American species. Tapir eyes are small and flush with the side of the head; their ears are oval, erect, and not very mobile.

73. Lichens, Education, Taxonomy, Database Here we offer some ways of finding out more. Lichens A friendlyalliance! - Witness the meeting - Find out about Lichen biology. http://mgd.nacse.org/hyperSQL/lichenland/

LichenLand Fun with Lichens from Oregon State University Discover the World of Lichens Learn how to Identify these Mysterious Organisms Our Web-to-Database Technology will Guide You Lichens are a successful alliance between a fungus and an alga. Each doing what it does best, and thriving as a result of a natural cooperation. They live as one organism, both inhabiting the same body. Here we offer some ways of finding out more. Lichens - A friendly alliance! - Witness the meeting - Find out about Lichen Biology LichenLand Main Door ; A fun way for novitiates to get into the game, with teaching aides to help you learn about lichens. LichenLand Lite , For first time users, walk through user's guide. Synoptic Key to Some NW Lichens, Provides additional character choices. These lichen pages provided with NSF funding and in association with Northwest Alliance for Computational Science and Engineering Dept of Computer Science, Oregon State University and Dept of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University Database Queries Powered by HyperSQL by Mark Newsome Authors' Home Pages and Acknowledgements Developed by Sherry Pi Pittam Joe "DataJoe" Hanus

74. ADW: Camelidae: Information biology and taxonomy of the camel family from the Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/artiodactyla/camelidae.h

Overview News Conditions of Use ADW Staff ... Home Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia Order Artiodactyla Family Camelidae Family Camelidae (camels, llamas, and relatives) Information Pictures Specimens Classification editLink('skunkworks/.accounts/200310302052') 2004/05/18 13:28:21.411 GMT-4 By Phil Myers Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Camelidae Members of this Family There are two groups of living camels. One, found in northern Africa and central Asia, consists of the dromedary (one-humped camel) and bactrian camels (two-humped camel). Dromedaries and most bactrian camels exist today only in domestication. The other group, the South American camelids, includes 2 to 4 species. Llamas and alpacas, sometimes considered to be the same species, may both have been derived from the guanaco through a thousand years or more of domestication. Guanacos and vicugnas still exist in the wild, although wild populations of both are depleted and threatened. Camelids are all large. The South American forms range in weight from 35 kg to almost 100 kg. Old World camels, however, are much larger, weighing 450 to 650 kg. Camelids vary in body shape from slender to stocky, but all have long, gracile necks; a small head; and long, slender legs. The upper lip is deeply and distinctively cleft. Their toes are splayed, and camelids are the only

75. LabMar - Marine Ecology Lab taxonomy, biology and Ecology of Crustacea. Projects Presentation page. http://eco.ib.usp.br/labmar/crustacea.htm

Taxonomy, Biology and Ecology of Crustacea Projects: Presentation page

76. ADW: Suidae: Information biology and taxonomy of the pig family from the Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/artiodactyla/suidae.html

Overview News Conditions of Use ADW Staff ... Home Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia Order Artiodactyla Family Suidae Family Suidae (pigs and hogs) Information Pictures Specimens Classification editLink('skunkworks/.accounts/200310302059') 2004/05/18 13:28:24.686 GMT-4 By Phil Myers and David L. Fox Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Suidae Members of this Family Sus scrofa , from which the domesticated pigs are derived, in a variety of places around the world, including North America, New Zealand and New Guinea. Fossil suids are known from the Oligocene of Europe and Asia and the Miocene of Africa. These medium-sized animals are typically stocky with a barrel-like body. The skin is usually thick and sparsely haired. Head and body length ranges from 500-1900 mm, tail length ranges from 35-40 mm and adult body weight can be as high as 350 kg. The eyes are usually small and located high on the skull, and the ears are small and pointed. The skull is usually long and has a flat dorsal profile. One of the most notable characteristics of suids is the mobile snout, which has a cartilaginous disk at its tip and terminal nostrils. It is supported by a prenasal bone located below the

77. LabMar - Marine Ecology Lab taxonomy, biology and Ecology of Ascidiacea. Projects Presentation page. http://eco.ib.usp.br/labmar/ascidian.htm

Taxonomy, Biology and Ecology of Ascidiacea Projects: Presentation page

78. ADW: Pholidota: Information biology and taxonomy of the pangolins from the Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/pholidota.html

Overview News Conditions of Use ADW Staff ... Home Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia Order Pholidota Order Pholidota (pangolins) Information Pictures Specimens Classification editLink('skunkworks/.accounts/200310302246') 2004/05/18 13:29:08.975 GMT-4 By Phil Myers Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Pholidota Members of this Order Pangolins are a small group (seven living species placed in one genus and one family, Manidae) of mammals that feed mostly on ants. They are found in the tropical regions of Africa and Asia. Pangolins are conspicuous and remarkable because their backs are covered with large, overlapping scales made up of agglutinated hairs. But they are strange in other ways as well. Their tongue is extraordinarily long and muscular, arising from the pelvis and the last pair of ribs deep in the animal's chest. As a result, the tongue and associated muscles are longer than the animal's head and body, allowing the tongue to be extruded to an astonishing degree. Pangolins lack teeth. Instead, the the pyloric part of their stomach is thickened and muscular, with odd keratinous spines projecting into its interior. It usually contains pebbles and seems to be used for "chewing" in much the same way as a bird's gizzard. Pangolins have the ability to close their ears and nostrils as well as eyes, presumably to keep ants out. The skull of pangolins is smoothly conical, lacking the ridges and crests found on most mammalian crania. The

79. ELA Biology Directory trees, purchase at Sinauer.com Rasmol Homepage Molecular Visualization FreewareProtein Explorer, Chime RasMol ^ biology taxonomy DIRECTORIEStaxonomy dmoz http://home.att.net/~gallgosp/biology.htm

to ELA Web Portal try the ELA BIOLOGY DIRECTORY A AGRICULTURE Anatomy Arachnids ... Zoology (Click above to jump to Listings on this page or to an ALTERNATE ELA DIRECTORY ^ BIOLOGY ASSOCIATIONS American Society for Microbiology Association for Biology Laboratory Education (ABLE) Assoc of Systematics Collections (ASC), ascoll.org - Specimen Databases Links Bioinformatics Australasian Society For Human Biology (ASHB) BioMedNet Biophilia Biopolitics International Organization (BIO) Canadian Society for Biochemistry, Molecular and Cellular Biology (CSBMCB) education, events... Heraclitean Biology Group Histochemical Society International Society for the History, Philosophy, and Social Studies of Biology (ISHPSSB) Linnean Society of London Society for Industrial Microbiology Society of Ethnobiology Southwestern Association of Naturalists (SWAN) southwestern US, Mexico,Central America Washington Biotechnology Foundation information clearinghouse, include medical ^ BIOLOGY Charles Darwin Great Thinkers and Visionaries ^ BIOLOGY BIOTECHNOLOGY also see..

80. ADW: Hyracoidea: Information biology and taxonomy of hyraxes from the Animal Diversity Web. http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/chordata/mammalia/hyracoidea.html

Overview News Conditions of Use ADW Staff ... Home Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Class Mammalia Order Hyracoidea Order Hyracoidea (hyraxes) Information Pictures Specimens Classification editLink('skunkworks/.accounts/200310302211') 2004/05/18 13:28:52.925 GMT-4 By Phil Myers Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Hyracoidea Members of this Order Hyraxes, also known as dassies or conies, are jack-rabbit sized animals with short tails and peculiar, 3-toed hind feet with almost hoof-like nails on two of the toes (the inner toe has a claw). The forefeet have 5 toes. The soles of their fore- and hindfeet, which are moistened by special sweat glands, are remarkably soft and elastic, which works to increase their friction against the substrate. They have specialized muscles in the soles of the feet that help them to work almost like a suction cup. The feet of hyraxes are mesaxonic, meaning that the plane of symmetry of the foot goes through the third digit. In this they resemble perissodactyls. The skulls of hyraxes have a short rostrum, prominent

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