21. ESPAC - Working For Peace In Sudan University of Khartoum Mahas Survey Project A regional study of the archaeologyand longterm history of the Mahas region of Middle Nubia, northern sudan . http://www.espac.org/links/3.html

ESPAC WEB LINKS ESPAC Profile Latest Publications Presidential and Parliamentary Elections in Sudan The Peace Process ... The largest collection of Sudan-related links available on the internet. 3: SOURCES OF GEOGRAPHIC, CARTOGRAPHIC, METEOROLOGICAL, ARCHEOLOGICAL, STATISTICAL, ETHNIC AND HISTORICAL INFORMATION ON SUDAN ABC Country Book of Sudan http://www.theodora.com/wfb/sudan_people.html Hasan Abdin, "Early Sudanese Nationalism: 1919-1925", History File No. 1, The Sudan Foundation, 1996 http://www.sufo.demon.co.uk/hist001.htm ABZU: A Guide to Information Related to the Study of the Ancient Near East on the Web "[A]n experimental guide to the rapidly increasing, and widely distributed data relevant to the study and public presentation of the Ancient Near East... including the territory under the control of the modern states of Egypt and Sudan, and part of Libya". http://www.etana.org/abzu

22. ESPAC - Working For Peace In Sudan 1982 Elections to the Southern regional Assembly are 1985 sudan receives five hundredmillion dollars in aid been dismantled and thrown into history’s dustbin http://www.espac.org/peace_process/search_for_peace3.html

1 Northumberland Avenue, London WC2N 5BW England Telephone: 44 020 7872 5434 Telefax: 44 020 7753 2848 THE PEACE PROCESS A CHRONOLOGICAL HISTORY A Background to Conflict The Mahdist state is established first under al-Mahdi and then under Abdallah ibn Mohammed, known as the Khalifa. "The mahdist state was the first modern Sudanese national entity, governing vast and diverse regions from a central capital at Omdurman, with a centralized legal and political apparatus and its own currency. It was also an Islamic state fashioned to revive the concept and practice of the early Islamic community of Muhammad and his companions." In 1896 Anglo-Egyptian forces led by Lord Kitchener begin the conquest of Sudan. In September 1898, the battle of Omdurman saw the resounding defeat of Mahdist forces. The Khalifa is killed in fighting the following year. Carolyn Fluer-Lobban, "Islamization in Sudan", in John O. Voll (Editor)

23. WHKMLA : History Of Sudan, 1882-1898 the Mahdiyya originated in the Kordofan, began as a regional phenomenon, in 1881 CountryStudies sudan Encyclopedia of the Orient sudan history of the http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/northafrica/sudan18821898.html

Sudan 1821-1882 Sudan 1899-1918 External Online Maps featuring Mahdiyya Sudan Africa 1885 (Scottish Geogr. Magazine), posted by PCL , UTexas Africa 1886 (Berthelot 1888), posted by MSU Africa 1890, from Encyclopaedia Britannica Amer. edition, posted by PCL , UTexas Africa, 1891 (Brockhaus/Efron, Russian edition, 1890-1904), posted by MSU Africa in 1892, from Gardiner's Atlas of English History Sudan, 1882-1898 Khedive ISMAIL PASHA had been deposed in 1879; his successor TAWFIQ was perceived as weak, under the influence of URABI PASHA.. Following political intrigues at the court in Cairo, Urabi Pasha was ousted and the British government used the inability of the Egyptian administration to pay interest on her national bet to declare Egypt a BRITISH PROTECTORATE. In the KORDOFAN region of the Sudan, MUHAMMAD AHMAD declared himself to be the MAHDI, the expected one, a mouthpiece of the prophet, and assembled a community of followers. While the Egyptian administration during the preceding 6 decades had not been resented per se, many reforms introduced by her - the modernization of the army, the limitation of the application of the Sharia, the implementation of taxation, the abolition of slavery - were, all the more if they were perceived as alien to Islamic tradition, as due to Western pressure or influence. The presence of christian missionaries, the fact that Westerners such as Samuel White Baker, Charles Gordon, Eduard Schnitzler (Emin Pascha) occupied leading positions in the Egyptian administration of the Sudan personified this western influence.

24. NCBuy: Sudan History - Country Reference Backgrounds sudan history. plan reached by the DUP and the sudan People s Liberation strife,and various southern leaders agitated for regional autonomy or http://www.ncbuy.com/reference/country/backgrounds.html?code=su&sec=backhistory

25. The History Of The Nile Region 2300 BC VI Collapse of central government regional princes recover archaeologistsand historians, in reviewing the ancient history of sudan, would tend to http://www.aboutsudan.com/general_information/history.htm

The history of the Nile region by Muriel Mirak-Weissbach Executive Intelligence Review June 9, 1995, pp. 19-27 The rich history of Sudan presents many paradoxes, primary among them, the paradox of its relationship to Egypt. Throughout ancient history, the culture of dynastic Egypt and that of the Nubians were intertwined, at times in conflict, at times at peace. During the periods of peaceful coexistence, if not actual alliances, both cultures prospered, the arts and literature flourished, regardless of which nation was the ruler. It was in fact under the reign of a Sudanese Pharoah, Piankhy (or Piye), in the XXVth dynasty, that Egyptian culture, which had fallen into decay, was renewed; monuments were built, and a great age in sculpture was inaugurated. When, however, outside forces invaded, as in the case of the Assyrians, Egypt and Sudan were set against each other. Egypt's continuing efforts to subjugate Sudan led to repeated invasions and conquests, each time driving the Sudanese power into retreat, in rump kingdoms, moving further south. The Sudanese, regardless of the pressures, held

26. Sudan Home News Recreation Reference regional Science Shopping Society Sports. sudan netsudan news map of sudan lost boy of sudan car sudan sudan history music sudan http://www.jaspergifts.com/Regional/Africa/Sudan/

Sudan JasperGifts.com Shopping? It's all here! Shopping Contact Top Trade ... Webmasters Search Aromatherapy Baby Bath and Body Bed and Bath ... climate sudan Links: Regional: Africa: Sudan Home Regional Africa : Sudan Grand Holiday Villa Khartoum, Sudan - Expedia.com Get reservations for this Khartoum, Sudan hotel, check out hotel photos and location details, and look for other Sudan accommodations. Liveaboard World - Scuba Diving in Phuket, Thailand, and Maldives Find out about liveaboard scuba diving in Phuket, Thailand, Maldives, Burma, Sudan , and Bali, Indonesia. Offers dive resort packages at Malaysia Sipadan. Sudan - Cheaper Rate Compare rates for hotel rooms at NexTag. Wholesale Freight Calculator and Quote Generator Instant Online Rates Right On Your Screen for Ocean Consolidations, Full Containers and Air Cargo Worldwide. Buy Sudan Products We link to merchants which offer Sudan products for sale. International Calls From the USA The lowest rate per minute on all your international calls. No need to switch carriers. Prepaid cards and 1010xxx services. Buy Sudan Books At Amazon.com and Save!

27. South Sudan A History Of Political Domination - A Case Of Self made in the diplomacy of the British colonial history. detriment of the people ofthe sudan in both and could have negative consequences on regional peace and http://www.sas.upenn.edu/African_Studies/Hornet/sd_machar.html

UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA - AFRICAN STUDIES CENTER South Sudan: A History of Political Domination - A Case of Self-Determination, (Riek Machar) SOUTH SUDAN: A HISTORY OF POLITICAL DOMINATION - A CASE OF SELF-DETERMINATION by Dr. Riek Machar Teny-Dhurgon Chairman and Commander-in-Chief, SSIM/A. The people of South Sudan have been denied this right by the different regimes that ruled the Sudan since its constitution as a state. However, it is now imperative that peace shall prevail only when the people of South Sudan are acceded their inalienable right to self-determination. On the other hand, although it is generally accepted that there is racial, religious, cultural, linguistic and historical diversity in the Sudan, these diversities have not been used to help enrich and consolidate the unity of the new state, but rather were used by the ruling Arab elites in the North to oppress, subjugate and exploit the people of South Sudan resulting in conflicts and wars. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE To clarify the objective of the struggle of the people of South Sudan, it is important to go quickly over the colonial history of the South Sudan - the territorial unit claiming the right of self-determination.

28. Sudan (03/04) Twentysix states, each with a governor appointed by the president, along witha local cabinet and regional ministers (so-called history sudan was a http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/5424.htm

[Print Friendly Version] Bureau of African Affairs March 2004 Background Note: Sudan PROFILE OFFICIAL NAME: Republic of the Sudan Geography Area: 2.5 million sq. km. (967,500 sq. mi.); almost the size of continental U.S. Cities: Capital Khartoum. Other cities Port Sudan, Kassala, Kosti, Juba (capital of southern region). No current accurate population statistics available. Terrain: Generally flat with mountains in east and west. Khartoum is situated at the confluence of the Blue and White Nile Rivers. The southern regions are inundated during the annual floods of the Nile River system (the Suud or swamps). Climate: Desert and savanna in the north and central regions and tropical in the south. People Nationality: Noun and adjective (sing. and pl.)Sudanese. Population (2003 est.) 32 million; 30%-33% urban. Annual growth rate (2003 est.) 5%. Ethnic groups: Arab-African, black African. Religions: Islam (official), indigenous beliefs (southern Sudan), Christianity. Languages: Arabic (official), English, tribal languages. Education: Years compulsory Attendance Literacy Health: Infant mortality rate Life expectancy 52 yrs.

29. Lukol Directory - Regional Africa Sudan FOC Country Profile sudan Notes on geography, history, politics, economy Kidsand Teens / News / Recreation / Reference / regional / Science / Shopping http://www.lukol.com/Top/Regional/Africa/Sudan/

Lukol Directory - Regional Africa Sudan ... CIA Factbook - Sudan Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people. http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/g... BBC Country Profile - Sudan Key facts, figures and dates, media links. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/co... Sudanese Online Directory with comprehensive links to websites for Sudan. http://www.sudaneseonline.com Sudani.com A comprehensive Sudanese directory, with categorized links to Sudanese sites, news, books, and resources. http://www.sudani.com/ Sudan - A Country Study Country profile, history, geography, economy, politics. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/sdtoc.html AboutSudan.com Directory of information and news items about Sudan. http://www.AboutSudan.com/ FOC Country Profile - Sudan Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. http://www.fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=Op... Sub-Topics: Business and Economy (7) Education (3) Government (20) Maps and Views (2) ... Today's Jokes and Funny Pictures Search biggest search engines with one click: AOL Teoma Ask LookSmart ... DMOZ In partnership with FreakingNews.com

30. TRAVEL.com ® ... Regional:Africa:Sudan Top regional Africa sudan Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, internationalrelations, travel sudan A Country Study - lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs http://www.travel.com/Regional/Africa/Sudan/

Welcome to... Travel.com: The company that created travel on the Internet [1992]. Flights Hotels Condos Cars ... Web Directories Search Directory Languages: Deutsch Español Français Italiano ... More... (~70 Languages) Our International Sites .au English AUD .ca English CAD .de Deutsch EUR .fr Français EUR .it Italiano EUR .mx Español USD .nl Nederland EUR .nz English NZD .sg English USD .uk English GBP .us English USD Top Regional Africa Sudan Business and Economy Education Government Maps and Views ... Travel and Tourism Results 1 - 7 of at least 7 AboutSudan.com AboutSudan.com Directory of information and news items about Sudan. BBC Country Profile - Sudan news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/count... Key facts, figures and dates, media links. CIA Factbook - Sudan odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos... Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people. FOC Country Profile - Sudan fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenM... Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. Sudan - A Country Study lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/sdtoc.html Country profile, history, geography, economy, politics.

31. Sudan Home regional Africa sudan sudan A Country Study, Info. Information from theLibrary of Congress covering the economy, geography, history, society and http://www.joeant.com/DIR/cat/10917/Sudan

Sudan Add URL Become an Editor Login Home ... Africa > Sudan Subcategories Related Categories Sponsored Sites Dig!! 1 - of A C D E G M S V Sudan: A Country Study Info. Information from the Library of Congress covering the economy, geography, history, society and government of the country. lcweb2.loc.gov Reviewed by: Become an Editor Add URL About Us Terms of Service

32. 5. Sudan. 2001. The Encyclopedia Of World History Ababa Agreement gave southern sudan regional autonomy, recognition drought affectinghalf of sudan s people. The Encyclopedia of World history, Sixth edition. http://www.bartleby.com/67/4404.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference The Encyclopedia of World History 2. Regions b. Northeast Africa (Horn) ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Encyclopedia of World History. 5. Sudan

33. Wuup.de - /Regional/Africa/Sudan Top/Society/Government/Multilateral/regional/African Union/Member States. Links. FOCCountry Profile sudan - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy http://wuup.de/index.php/Regional/Africa/Sudan

34. The History Of Children And Youth In The Sudan The social history in general of the Republic of the sudan. ‘Time Running Out inDarfur’—SCF UN Integrated regional Information Network (Nairobi), 19 May http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/33/index-feb.html

The history of children and youth in the Sudan Hartford Web Publishing is not the author of the documents in World History Archives The social history in general of the Republic of the Sudan UN Integrated Regional Information Network (Nairobi), 19 May 2001. Save the Children (UK) has this week warned that time is running out to prevent a major disaster in west Sudan . In the worst-affected areas, the nutritional status of children had hit alarming levels. Drought. Diseases. Market forces. Government, SPLA Cited in Child Soldiers Report UN Integrated Regional Information Network, 15 June 2001. There has been extensive use of child soldiers, including some as young as 10 years of age, by both government and opposition armed forces in the Sudanese civil war. The government supports the Ugandan LRA, which uses child soldiers extensively, and paramilitary groups aligned with the government have long used forced recruitment, including children. Armed opposition groups, including the SPLA, uses child solders, although it promoses to coopearte with UNICEF. More child soldiers demobilized in Gahr al-Ghazal Child Labour News Service, press release, 1 February 2002. The removal of thousands of children from the SPLA military wing of the regel SPLM by UNICEF was a significant inroad into the number of children used as soldiers (brief).

35. Met Timeline | Western And Central Sudan, 1000-1400 A.D. newly syncretic mixes of distinctive regional and Islamic from Córdoba, Spain, chroniclesthe history of ancient of Kanem state in central sudan converts to http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/07/sfw/ht07sfw.htm

Encompasses present-day Gambia, Guinea, Mali, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Niger, and eastern Chad See also Guinea Coast and Eastern and Southern Africa The influence of Islam and the deepening networks of trade spur the growth of several great savanna states, including the Ghana, Mali, and Songhai empires. Further development of metallurgy contributes to both material wealth and artistic production, and Arab reports depict the Ghana empire as the "Land of Gold." As well as stimulating trade, Islam Abu Bakr, military leader of the Almoravids , an Islamic Berber sect, recaptures Audaghost from the Ghana empire. Repeated Almoravid incursions, aimed at seizing control of the trans-Saharan gold trade , disrupt Ghana's dominance of the trade routes. Kumbi Saleh, an important mercantile and political center of the Ghana empire, is besieged by Almoravids. Abu c The Book of Routes and Kingdoms The ruler of Kanem state in central Sudan converts to Islam. Songhai peoples in Gao, capital of Songhai state, become Muslims. The Sefawa dynasty establishes a capital at Njimi and controls the trade in ivory, ostrich feathers, and slaves.

36. Sudan (Africa) Genealogy: Resources For Family History Research Libraries. regional Archives. National Archives. Family history CentersLDS/Mormons familysearch.org. Space. sudan (Africa) Genealogy. http://www.kindredtrails.com/sudan.html

Search Our Site powered by FreeFind Libraries, Archives Libraries Regional Archives National Archives Family History Centers LDS/Mormons familysearch.org Societies Newspapers Genealogy on CDRom Start your Genealogy Data CD collection now! Ancestry.com AncestryView CD-ROMs Now Available in the Online Store Genealogy.com Data CD SuperSale! More than 200 CDs on sale Genealogical Publishing Company Genealogical.com Space Sudan (Africa) Genealogy FREE 14-Day Access to almost 2 Billion Records @ Ancestry.com Census, Voter and Tax Records Military Records Directories General Resource Links African Genealogy - The Genealogy Beat Cyndi's List - Africa Comprehensive list of African genealogy sites on the Internet Ethnic Genealogy Resources Miscellaneous Resources 007 Web Directory: Genealogy NedGen.com

37. Sudan Web Links: Library And Links: Jeannette Rankin Library Program: U.S. Insti The web site also has regional and topical of Pennsylvania, covering general information,history and archaeology UTMENIC Countries sudan Selected links from http://www.usip.org/library/regions/sudan.html

Regional Resources Sudan Web Links Below are links by topical categories to resources primarily in English providing information on the conflict in Sudan. For related web links, see Regional Resources: Africa General Resources Government Agencies and International Organizations Maps and Guides ... Political Resources and Selected Documents These links complement the Institute Special Report: A New Approach to Peace in Sudan: Report on a USIP Consultation . These links also complement the conflict resolution simulation exercise on Sudan for the state-level high school winners of the Institute's National Peace Essay Contest in June 2004. General Resources The sites below collect links to other Internet resources which describe the background, history and current events in Sudan. Africa South of the Sahara: Sudan An extensive collection of well-annotated links compiled by Karen Fung at Stanford University for the African Studies Association. Includes links to email lists, newsgroups, special projects, databases and archives, articles and documents, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), news and general sources. Organized alphabetically within country listing. The web site also has regional and topical categories of links, as well as a site searching capability.

38. Religion And Politics In Sudan: Religion And Peacemaking: U.S. Institute Of Peac southern sudan, resulting in massive population displacements and regional insecurity. andIslamize the south extends back into sudan s history well beyond the http://www.usip.org/research/rehr/sudanconf/almquist.html

Religion and Politics in Sudan: A Humanitarian Agency's Perspective Introduction My task today is to provide you with the perspective of an international, Christian, relief and development agency which is operational in Sudan. In particular, how does World Vision understand the conflict in Sudan and the role which religion plays in the conflict? What implications does the role of religion have for resolving the conflict? The argument which I will present to you is that religion plays both a conflictual role and a unifying or reconciling role. I must state from the outset that my argument is not based on antipathy toward the Muslim parties in the north, or sympathy toward the non-Muslim parties in the south, but on the reality in Sudan which our vantage point as a humanitarian agency has afforded us. History of World Vision's Involvement in Sudan World Vision (WV) began its commitment to Sudan in 1972, at first working through partner organizations. Later in the early 1980s, WV began an operational presence in Sudan. However, in 1988 the Government of Sudan (GOS) declared several Christian NGOs, including WV, persona non grata in the predominantly Muslim north. As a result, WV withdrew from the north and concentrated operations in the south, though efforts continued to re-establish relations with the government. WV started its work in the south prior to the formation of Operation Lifeline Sudan in 1989, and has been an active member of the consortium since its inception.

39. ODP: Regional:Africa:Sudan Top regional Africa sudan , FreeGK.com sudan Including mapand overview of history, culture, economy and currency. http://beta.thesoftwarestudio.com/Regional,Africa,Sudan.html

This software available soon at The Software Studio Sat June 12, 2004 Top Regional Africa Sudan ... AboutSudan.com - Directory of information and news items about Sudan. BBC Country Profile - Sudan - Key facts, figures and dates, media links. CIA Factbook - Sudan - Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people. FOC Country Profile - Sudan - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. Sudan - A Country Study - Country profile, history, geography, economy, politics. Sudanese Online - Directory with comprehensive links to websites for Sudan. Sudani.com - A comprehensive Sudanese directory, with categorized links to Sudanese sites, news, books, and resources. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Looking for Adult Content?

40. Regional Africa Sudan regional Africa sudan Directory results FOC Country Profile sudan, FOC CountryProfile - sudan - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy http://world.ammissione.it/browse_/Regional/Africa/Sudan/

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 2     21-40 of 98    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20