41. Sickle Cell Anaemia - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia This is achieved by reactivating fetal hemoglobin production in place of the hemoglobin S that causes sickle cell anemia. Hydroxyurea http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickle_cell_anaemia

Sickle cell anaemia From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Sickle-shaped red blood cells Sickle cell anaemia SCA ) is a common genetic disease which causes the red blood cells of a sufferer to be shaped like sickles , instead of the normal rounded shape. This causes the cells to become stuck in capillaries which deprives the body of oxygen and causes inflammation . The disease usually occurs in periodic painful attacks, eventually leading to damage of some internal organs, stroke , or anaemia , and usually resulting in early death. edit Treatment The first approved drug for the treatment of sickle cell anaemia, hydroxyurea , was shown to decrease the number and severeness of attacks in a study in 1995 and shown to increase survival time in a study in 2003. This is achieved by reactivating fetal hemoglobin production in place of the hemoglobin S that causes sickle cell anemia. Hydroxyurea had previously been used as a cancer drug, and there is some concern that long-term use may be harmful, but it is likely that the benefits outweigh the risks. edit Detailed description and genetics The gene allele responsible for sickle cell anaemia is incompletely recessive . A person who receives the defective gene from both father and mother develops the disease; a person who receives one defective and one healthy allele remains healthy, but can pass on the disease and is known as a

42. HuGE Review - Sickle Hemoglobin (Hb S) Allele And Sickle Cell Disease Individuals who are affected with sickle cell anemia have two copies of this beta globin variant and the primary hemoglobin present in their red blood cells is http://www.cdc.gov/genomics/hugenet/reviews/sickle.htm

Your browser does not support script HuGE Review Home About HuGE What's New? Pub Lit Database ... CDC Genomics This HuGE Review was published in the American Journal of Epidemiology 2000 May 1;151(9):839-845. PMID: 10791557; UI: 20250196. Sickle Hemoglobin ( Hb S ) Allele and Sickle Cell Disease print version by Allison Ashley-Koch , Quanhe Yang , and Richard S. Olney Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Atlanta, Office of Genomics and Disease Prevention, GA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases Branch, Atlanta, GA. July 1, 1998 (updated August 5, 1998) HuGE Review At-A-Glance Gene Gene variants Diseases ... Medical Literature Search At-A-Glance Beta globin is a major component of adult hemoglobin. The gene for beta globin is located on chromosome 11 and there are over 475 allelic variants. One of these variants, sickle hemoglobin ( Hb S ), is responsible for sickle cell disease, one of the most prevalent genetic diseases, affecting over 50,000 Americans. Most individuals with sickle cell disease have African and Mediterranean ancestry. It is believed that the high frequency of the (

43. NHLBI, Sickle Cell Anemia Facts About sickle cell anemia. sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder, characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/blood/sickle/sca_fact.htm

HOME SITE INDEX CONTACT US TIPS ... Publications Facts About Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder, characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. This fact sheet provides concise, accurate information on the causes, populations affected, signs and symptoms, diagnoses, and treatments. 6 pages. NIH Publication Number: 96-4057 You may obtain the document in the following ways: View online (in formats below) [Plain text (ASCII) document, 19 K] [PDF document, 137 K, need Acrobat Reader to review] Information for visitors using screen readers Information about PDF Printed Copies Order online Order by telephone, fax, or mail Price Information Single copy Free Each additional copy 25 copies 100 copies HOME SEARCH ACCESSIBILITY SITE INDEX ... CONTACT US Department of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

44. Medical References: Sickle Cell Disease One of the most serious complications of sickle cell anemia is stroke, a bleed or blockage of blood within the blood vessels of the brain. http://www.marchofdimes.com/professionals/681_1221.asp

View All Chapters Find Your Local Chapter June 11, 2004 Select one Folic Acid Pregnancy Prenatal Screening Infections/Diseases Loss Concerns Newborn Information Birth Defects Polio Genetics Research Funding Perinatal Statistics Medical References Continuing Education ... Prematurity Quick Reference and Fact Sheets Sickle Cell Disease What Is Sickle Cell Disease? It is an inherited disease of red blood cells which can cause attacks of pain, damage to vital organs, risk of serious infections and can lead to early death. Sickle cell disease affects the main protein inside the red blood cells called hemoglobin. The disease occurs when a person inherits one sickle cell gene from each parent or a combination of one sickle cell gene plus one of several other abnormal hemoglobin genes. Hemoglobin in the red blood cells carries oxygen from the lungs and takes it to every part of the body. The main hemoglobin in the red blood cells of people with sickle cell disease is not normal. Red blood cells containing mainly normal hemoglobin are round and flexible. In people with sickle cell disease, the abnormal hemoglobin forces the cells to lose their normally round and flexible shape, becoming distorted and rigid. Under a microscope, these abnormal cells may look like the C-shaped farm tool called a sickle. Sickle cells tend to become trapped and to be destroyed in small blood vessels (veins and arteries), the spleen, the liver and other organs. This results in a shortage of red blood cells, or anemia. Anemia can cause an affected child to be pale, short of breath, easily tired and have slowed growth and physical development. Certain conditions, such as infections or enlargement of the spleen, may worsen the anemia by speeding up destruction of red blood cells. Infections also can reduce red blood cell production, leading to worsening of anemia.

45. Sickle Cell Anemia Case Study Biology 296A. sickle cell anemia Webpage. Table of Contents. Part 1 Discovery and Biological Basis. Test Yourself. Part 2 Molecular http://www.nslc.wustl.edu/courses/Bio296A/allen/sicklecell/sicklecell.html

46. Biogeography And Ecology Of Sickle Cell Anemia Biology 296A. Page III. Biogeography and Ecology of sickle cell anemia. A. The Unique Geographic Distribution Pattern of SickleCell Anemia. http://www.nslc.wustl.edu/courses/Bio296A/allen/sicklecell/part3/biogeography.ht

47. AllRefer Health - Sickle Cell Anemia (Anemia - Sickle Cell, Hemoglobin SS Diseas sickle cell anemia (Anemia Sickle Cell, Hemoglobin SS Disease (Hb SS), Sickle Cell Disease) information center covers causes, prevention, symptoms, diagnosis http://health.allrefer.com/health/sickle-cell-anemia-info.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle Cell Anemia Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Anemia - Sickle Cell, Hemoglobin SS Disease (Hb SS), Sickle Cell Disease Definition Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease in which the red blood cells, normally disc-shaped, become crescent shaped. As a result, they function abnormally and cause small blood clots. These clots give rise to recurrent painful episodes called "sickle cell pain crises." Red Blood Cells, Sickle Cell Red Blood Cells, Normal

48. AllRefer Health - Sickle Cell Anemia Support Groups (Anemia - Sickle Cell, Hemog sickle cell anemia (Anemia Sickle Cell, Hemoglobin SS Disease (Hb SS), Sickle Cell Disease) information center covers Support Groups. sickle cell anemia. http://health.allrefer.com/health/sickle-cell-anemia-support.html

AllRefer Channels :: Yellow Pages Reference Health Home ... Contact Us Quick Jump ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Disease Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Breast Cancer Cancer Colon Cancer Depression Diabetes Gallbladder Disease Heart Attack Hepatitis High Cholesterol HIV/AIDS Hypertension Lung Cancer Menopause Migraines/Headaches Osteoporosis Pneumonia Prostate Cancer SARS Stroke Urinary Tract Infection 1600+ More Conditions Alternative Medicine Health News Symptoms Guide Special Topics ... Medical Encyclopedia You are here : AllRefer.com Health Sickle Cell Anemia : Support Groups for Sickle Cell Anemia Sickle Cell Anemia Definition Prevention Treatment Expectations or Prognosis ... Complications Support Groups Calling Your Health Care Provider Go To Main Page Alternate Names : Anemia - Sickle Cell, Hemoglobin SS Disease (Hb SS), Sickle Cell Disease Sickle Cell Anemia Support Groups Sickle cell anemia, like other chronic, life-threatening diseases, can cause great stress to the patient and family members. Joining a support group, where members share common experiences and problems, can relieve this stress. See sickle cell anemia - support group Previous Top Next Jump to another section Definition Sickle Cell Anemia Prevention Sickle Cell Anemia Treatment Sickle Cell Anemia Prognosis ... Sickle Cell Anemia Complications Sickle Cell Anemia Support Groups Calling Your Health Care Provider Topics that might be of interest to you Dehydration Bilirubin CBC Hemoglobin ... Urinary Casts Other Topics Abdominal Pain Acute Bone Pain or Tenderness Breathing Difficulty ... Urine - Bloody Review Date : 10/28/2003

49. Hardin MD : Sickle Cell Anemia From the University of Iowa, the *best* lists of Internet sources in sickle cell anemia. sickle cell anemia. sickle cell anemia Pictures. http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/hardin/md/sicklecellanemia.html

Sickle Cell Anemia "We list the best sites that list the sites" Site Map Diseases Home Free Articles in PubMed Search Hardin MD See also: Home Blood Diseases Genetic Disorders All links on this page hand-checked Popular Women's Health Dermatology Nursing Pharm Infect Disease Anemia +Pictures Blood Diseases Fifth Disease +Pictures Gall Bladder +Pictures Genetic Disorders +Pictures High Blood Pressure +Pictures Kidney Diseases +Pictures Lungs Pictures Malaria +Pictures Medical Pictures Salmonella +Pictures Skin Pictures Tooth Decay Pictures ... Sickle cell information center : World-wide resources The Georgia Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center at Grady Health System NOAH: Sickle cell disease Natalie Kupferberg, Ohio State University / NY Online Access to Health MEDLINE plus Sickle cell anemia National Library of Medicine ClinicalTrials.gov : Anemia, Sickle cell National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health Open Directory Project : Health : ... : Blood disorders : Sickle cell (Other versions: Google AOL Yahoo : Sickle cell disease LookSmart : Sickle cell anemia OMNI : Anemia, Sickle cell

50. ClinicalTrials.gov - Information On Clinical Trials And Human Research Studies: 25 studies were found. 1. Recruiting, Evaluation of Hydroxyurea Plus Larginine or Sildenafil to Treat sickle cell anemia Condition sickle cell anemia. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/action/FindCondition?ui=D000755&recruiting=

51. Clinical Trial: Pediatric Hydroxyurea In Sickle Cell Anemia (BABY HUG) Pediatric Hydroxyurea in sickle cell anemia (BABY HUG). Condition, Treatment or Intervention, Phase. Blood Disease Anemia, Sickle Cell, Drug Hydroxyurea, Phase III. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00006400?order=5

52. Pregnancy And Sickle Cell Anemia Pregnancy and sickle cell anemia. I have sickle cell anemia but my partner does not. We are considering having a child and would http://www.womenshealth.org/a/pregnancy_sickle_cell_anemia.htm

Pregnancy and Sickle Cell Anemia I have sickle cell anemia but my partner does not. We are considering having a child and would like to know the risks of conceiving under these circumstances. For a woman with sickle cell anemia who is interested in having children, it is ideal that she pursues supportive counseling and healthcare before she conceives. She needs both a high-risk obstetrician and a hemotologist. If the pregnancy is a surprise, she should seek medical attention as soon as she suspects she might be pregnant. The pregnancies are at higher risk of spontaneous abortion, premature labor, pseudo-toxemia and cesarean section. The fetuses are more likely to have growth lags, and more trouble with the stresses of labor and delivery. After the birth, all women are more likely to have infections and blood clots, but the risk for sickle cell mothers is even greater. At the first visit, a pregnant woman with sickle cell should have the following tests: complete blood count, reticulocyte count, hemoglobin electrophoresis (for her partner as well), liver function tests, hepatitis B and C, blood group and antibody typing, rubella antibodies, syphilis test.

53. Sickle Cell Anemia sickle cell anemia. One the first symptom of sickle cell anemia in children is an unusual swelling of the fingers and toes (hand crisis). http://www.dbpeds.org/conditions/conditions.cfm?Abbrev=sickle

54. Health & Medical > Sickle Cell Disease Treating Children with Sickle Cell Disease, ? Child with sickle cell anemia Suffering from Frequent Colds, ? Vaccinations after a Splenectomy, ? http://www.drspock.com/topic/0,1504,467,00.html

June 11, 2004 SEARCH drSpock my account sign in HOT TOPICS Pregnancy Symptoms Read with Your Kids It's Fun! Take Our Quizzes Play with Your Baby TOPICS Parents are talking about their children. Join the discussion. Sickle Cell Disease The Dr. Spock Company and the Discovery Health Channel reveal the human face of a little understood genetic disorder in the television special Sickle Cell: The Forgotten Disease (check your local TV listings for dates and times). Learn more about sickle cell disease in the following articles written by experts in the field. Sickle Cell Disease Topics Sickle Cell: The Forgotten Disease Puts a Human Face on a Little Understood Genetic Disorder Sickle Cell Disease: The Basics The Subtle Differences of Sickle Cell Syndromes ... Treating Sickle Cell Disease with Bone Marrow Transplantation Questions From Other Parents The Lifespan for a Person with Sickle Cell Disease Lack of Emphasis on Sickle Cell Disease How Sickle Cell Disease Is Inherited Treating Children with Sickle Cell Disease ... Ensuring that a Child Won't Have Sickle Cell CONSUMER ALERTS CPSC Warns: Summer Fun Brings More Emergency Room Visits CPSC, K'NEX Industries Announce Recall of Children's Toys

55. Sickle Cell Anemia sickle cell anemia. Definition sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease in which the red blood cells, normally discshaped, become crescent shaped. http://www.healthscout.com/ency/article/000527.htm

Advertisement Search HealthScout Web MEDLINE Special Offers TV Specials Top Features Schizophrenia Hair Loss Liver Disease Allergies ... Impotence Resources Healthscout News 3D Interactive Human Atlas Health Videos Health Encyclopedia ... Drug Library Channels Home Today Women Men ... Drug Checker Advertisement Disease Injury Nutrition Poison ... Prevention Sickle cell anemia Definition: Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease in which the red blood cells, normally disc-shaped, become crescent shaped. As a result, they function abnormally and cause small blood clots. These clots give rise to recurrent painful episodes called "sickle cell pain crises." Alternative Names: Anemia - sickle cell; Hemoglobin SS disease (Hb SS); Sickle cell disease Causes, incidence, and risk factors: Sickle cell anemia is caused by an abnormal type of hemoglobin (oxygen carrying molecule) called hemoglobin S. It is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait that is, it occurs in someone who has inherited hemoglobin S from both parents. Someone who inherits hemoglobin S from one parent and normal hemoglobin (A) from the other parent will have sickle cell trait . Approximately 8% of African Americans have sickle cell trait. Someone who inherits hemoglobin S from one parent and another type of abnormal hemoglobin from the other parent will have another form of sickle cell disease, such as sickle cell-b

56. Sickle Cell Anemia sickle cell anemia is an inherited chronic anemia in which the red blood cells become sickle or crescentshaped. What are the symptoms of sickle cell anemia? http://www.vitacost.com/science/hn/Concern/Sickle_Cell_Anemia.htm

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57. Sickle Cell Anemia And Thalassemias sickle cell anemia and thalassemias. To begin the lecture, click the START button above. If you are the first time visitor, you might http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec10781/

Lists of Lectures Front Page Sickle cell anemia and thalassemias To begin the lecture, click the START button above. If you are the first time visitor, you might want to know [ How to navigate within and outside the lecture This is a beta version. Uploading date: July 13, 2003 Your comments to this version would be highly appreciated as well. Submit Your comments

58. Sickle Cell Anemia sickle cell anemia. Definition sickle cell anemia primarily affects people with African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Indian ancestry. http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00065190.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Sickle cell anemia Definition Sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder that arises from a single amino acid substitution in one of the component proteins of hemoglobin. The component protein, or globin, that contains the substitution is defective. Hemoglobin molecules constructed with such proteins have a tendency to stick to one another, forming strands of hemoglobin within the red blood cells. The cells that contain these strands become stiff and elongatedthat is, sickle shaped. Description Sickle-shaped cellsalso called sickle cellsdie much more rapidly than normal red blood cells, and the body cannot create replacements fast enough. Anemia develops due to the chronic shortage of red blood cells. Further complications arise because sickle cells do not fit well through small blood vessels, and can become trapped. The trapped sickle cells form blockages that prevent oxygenated blood from reaching associated tissues and organs. Considerable pain results in addition to damage to the tissues and organs. This damage can lead to serious complications, including

59. Cerebrovascular Accident In Sickle Cell Anemia Cerebrovascular Accident in sickle cell anemia, Book, Home Page. http://www.fpnotebook.com/HEM45.htm

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60. TUTORIAL: Sickle-cell Anemia shaped. sickle cell anemia glossary. (Not updated to V.3.2!). Using the Biology WorkBench. treatment. Treatments of sickle cell anemia http://www.bioquest.org/bioinformatics/module/tutorials/Sickle_Cell_Anemia/

Sickle-Cell Anemia Primary Author: Meg Loven, Graduate Research Assistant mgrim@uiuc.edu Tutorial Objectives Using the Biology Workbench , we will examine hemoglobin and the sequence of amino acids that make up this protein. This tutorial will demonstrate the simple mutation in the hemoglobin protein that single-handedly causes a terrible disease. From this mutation, we will look at the three-dimensional structure of the hemoglobin protein using a molecular imaging program. The ability to visualize and manipulate hemoglobin adds a dimension of understanding to the mechanism that causes the characteristic sickle-shaped red blood cells of sickle cell anemia. Overview of Sicke-Cell Anemia Sickle cell anemia is a disease in which the patient's red blood cells have an abnormal shape much like that of a sickle. These sickled red blood cells are very fragile and the result is severe anemia, or decreased number of red blood cells. The disease causes many painful symptoms in patients. The abnormal shape of the cells in individuals with sickle cell anemia comes from a defective protein within the blood cells themselves. This defective protein is hemoglobin. The normal hemoglobin protein is made up of four parts, and therefore called a tetramer. Each part of the tetramer has the ability to bind an oxygen molecule and carry it from the lungs to the tissues in which oxygen is needed. When the defective hemoglobin in sickle cell anemia, referred to as Hb S, does not have an oxygen molecule bound, it tends to form a precipitate made up of lots of hemoglobin proteins stuck to each other. This precipitate is what causes the red blood cells to become sickle-shaped.

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