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1. Africa Indigenous People Baule
africa, african Anthropology General Resources. By peoples. Mitsogo Mossi Mumuye Ngbaka Nkanu Nok Nuna Oron Owo Pende Pokot Punu San Senufo shambaa Shona Songo
http://www.archaeolink.com/africa_indigenous_people_baule.htm
Baule Home Africa, African Anthropology General Resources By peoples Akan Akuapem Akye Anyi ... Zulu ArtWorld AFRICA - Baule "One of the Akan group sharing similar language and, in general, matrilineal inheritance. They broke away from the Asante of Ghana in the 18th century, bringing with them craftsmanship in gold and gold leaf decoration." - From University of Durham - http://artworld.uea.ac.uk/teaching_modules/africa/cultural_groups_by_country/baule/welcome.html Baule People "The Baule belong to the Akan peoples who inhabit Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire. Three hundred years ago the Baule people migrated westward from Ghana when the Asante rose to power. The tale of how they broke away from the Asante has been preserved in their oral traditions." You will find material related to history, culture, religion, political structure, art and more. - From University of Iowa - http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Baule.html

2. Adherents.com
of many of the peoples indigenous to Siberia and Central Asia 1 africa. Cleveland, OH Eastword Publications Development (1998); pg. 377-378. " shambaa Alternate Names Shambala
http://www.adherents.com/Na/Na_581.html
Adherents.com
42,669 adherent statistic citations : membership and geography data for 4,000+ religions, churches, tribes, etc. Index back to Shakers, world
Shakers, continued...
Group Where Number
of
Adherents % of
total
pop. Number
of
congreg./
churches/
units Number
of
countries Year Source Quote/ Notes Shakers world country Andryszewski, Tricia. Communities of the Faithful: American Religious Movements Outside the Mainstream . Bookfield, Connecticut: Millbrook Press (1997). [Orig. source: Steven J. Stein in The Shaker Experience in America: A History of the United Society of Believers (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992), pg. 203, 243.]; pg. 37. "The number of Shakers on the membership list slipped from 3,627 in 1840, to 3,489 in 1860, to 1,849 in 1880, and only 855 at the turn of the century. " Shakers world units country Andryszewski, Tricia. Communities of the Faithful: American Religious Movements Outside the Mainstream . Bookfield, Connecticut: Millbrook Press (1997); pg. 38. "By 1925, only six Shaker villages remained: the original settlement near Albany (by this time known as Watervliet) and the settlements at New Lebanon [New York]; Hancock [Massachusetts]; Canterbury, New Hampshire; Alfred, Maine; and Sabbathday Lake, Maine. " Shakers world units Ferm, Vergilius (ed).

3. Adherents.com: By Location
Muslim peoples A World Ethnographic 45%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 20% note africa. Cleveland, OH Eastword Publications Development (1998), pg. 377378. " shambaa Alternate
http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_317.html
Adherents.com - Religion by Location
Over 42,000 religious geography and religion statistics citations (membership statistics for over 4,000 different religions, denominations, tribes, etc.) for every country in the world. To Index back to Tanzania, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Tanzania, continued...
Group Where Number
of
Adherents % of
total
pop. Number
of
congreg./
churches/
units Number
of
countries Year Source Quote/ Notes Church of the Nazarene Tanzania units *LINK* official organization web site: Nazarene World Mission Society Church Statistics: Churches; 5 Jan 1998; total population: 32,892,000 Churches of Christ Tanzania units *LINK* official organization web site table: "STATUS OF CHURCHES OF CHRIST IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA1995 " (Campbellite) Evangelical Tanzania *LINK* Nance Profiles web site (orig. source: OPERATION WORLD, 1979); (viewed Aug. 1998; now restricted Total population: 15,600,000. African Traditionals 28%; Muslims 26%; Roman Catholics 31%. Protestants 14%. Community 1,800,000. Evangelicals 9%. Evangelical Lutheran Church in Tanzania Tanzania *LINK* Evangelical Lutheran Church in America web site; web page: "January 25, 1996 News Releases " (viewed 9 July 1999). Story: "More than 60 Million Lutherans Worldwide " [96-01-003-FI]

4. Mots Pluriels Barbara Thompson
systems of the shambaa peoples and their culturallyrelated follows Islamic and indigenous religious practices, all the Afro-Indian peoples of Hyderabad and east africa was supported
http://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/MotsPluriels/MP1299bt.html

    no 12. December1999.
    http://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/MotsPluriels/MP1299bt.html
    Shambaa Ughanga : Converging presences in the embodiment of tradition, transformation and redefinition Barbara Thompson
    University of Iowa
    THIS PAGE CONTAINS ILLUSTRATIONS. IT MAY TAKE A LITTLE WHILE TO OPEN.
    PLEASE BE PATIENT OR READ THE ARTICLE IN THE TEXT ONLY VERSION I n the fertile highlands of the Usambara Mountains of northeastern Tanzania (Fig. 1 and 2) , traditional healers, called waghanga, are regarded as the intellectuals of local society. They are the guardians and keepers of knowlege, history and custom. As such, it is their role to ensure the perpetuation of cultural, social and religious laws that govern the manner in which people should live and behave as breaches of such laws can lead to personal as well as communal misfortune. As so called "keepers of good custom", it is also the role of waghanga to negotiate between and attempt to reconcile differences and conflicts that can lead to imbalance and hardshipwhether on interpersonal, societal or transnational levelsas such differences can also lead to sickness and affliction. Despite the misconception that traditional healers and their practices are conservative, static and anti-progressive, an emic understanding of traditional healing practices, called ughanga, reveals them as pluralistic and supportive of change and contemporaneity. In this paper, I will describe how the institution of ughanga is a tradition of both continuity and change. Specifically, I will discuss how the visual decoration of people and things with both familiar and foreign imagery plays a vital role in effecting transformation for healing purposes and then I will examine how the particular adaptation to foreign and imported icons, ideas and influences in the decoration of medicine objects aids not only in the restoration of balance and well-being but also in the re-negotiation of identities within the human and spirit domains.

5. People And Plants Online - The African Ethnobotany Network 1 - Review Of Ethnobo
africa) group in East africa and the indigenous Plants Use Forum resources to huntergatherer peoples.All continue to be Luo), Sangai, 1963 (Bondei, shambaa and Zingua); Glover (1966
http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/peopleplants/regions/africa/aen1/review.htm
Main About Us Publications and Videos Regions and Themes ... Feedback Review of ethnobotanical literature from eastern and southern Africa
(A.B. Cunningham) 1. Introduction As ethnobotanical research is at the interface between disciplines, it poses an interesting problem in terms of literature review. Significant contributions are made to this field of study by anthropologists, archaeologists, architects, chemists, linguists and naturalists as well as botanists. Ethnobotanical research in East and southern Africa could be divided into five main themes in roughly historical order: (i) a focus, for more than a century, on recording vernacular names and uses; (ii) nutritional and chemical analyses of edible and medicinal wild plants species. These were compiled in Watt and Breyer-Brandwijk's classic (1962) book on East and southern African medicinal plants and by Fox and Norwood-Young (1982) and Wehmeyer (1986) on edible plants for southern Africa and Fowden and Wolfe (1957), Imbamba's (1973), Miege and Miege (1979) and Kalenga Saka and Msonthi (1994) for East and south-central Africa; (iv) quantitiative studies on human impacts on plant resources, particularly those entering commercial trade, such as the impact of palm sap tapping (Cunningham, 1990a,b), the harvesting of aloe resins (Bond, 1983), craft materials (Cunningham and Milton, 1987; Cunningham, 1987, 1988b), traditional medicines (Cunningham, 1991, 1993), Phragmites australis reeds (Cunningham, 1985) and Cymbopogon thatching grass (Shackleton, 1990).

6. Australasia, ASCWA, Africa, NEW AFRICAN PERSPECTIVES, --AFSAAP '99
University of Botswana) "indigenous publishing In africa an overview of of Iowa) "shambaa Ughanga Converging presences in paper, land and sea, peoples and memories (sources and
http://www.arts.uwa.edu.au/ASCWA/conference99/program.html
AFSAAP '99
UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA, PERTH, AUSTRALIA, 26-28 Nov. 1999 CONFERENCE PROGRAM
Note: The program may still have minor changes but they will be notified in the printed program or on notice-boards at conference for last-minute changes. REGISTRATION
  • Thursday 25 November 9am-5pm: St George's College (Library Foyer) Friday 26 November 8am-10.30am: Social Science Lecture Theatre Friday 26 November 11am to Sunday 28 November: The Undercroft
SPECIAL EVENTS
  • Painting of Mural by Malangatana of Mozambique, 23-25 November, South Terrace, Fremantle Festival Exhibition, opening, Thursday 25 November 6.30pm, UWA Gallery Africa Visions: Festival of Southern African Films opening, Thursday 25 November FTI Fremantle, 8pm Presentation of the Noma Award for Publishing in Africa 1999, to Prof Djibril Samb of Senegal, Friday 26 November, UWA Lawrence Wilson Gallery: 5.30-6.30pm ceremony; 6.30-8pm reception Play: Birthdays Are Not For Dying Nexus Theatre, Murdoch University, 26 November 8pm (bus leaves 7.15pm from UWA Gallery)
CONFERENCE VENUES Social Science Lecture Theatre (SSLT) (Opening/Closing Plenary sessions)
Unihouse Dining Room (UD) (Saturday Plenary) Venues For Panels:
1. Law Lecture Theatre (L1)

7. MSN Encarta - Print Preview - Africa
among the Chagga, Pare, and shambaa in the further African qualities and strengthening indigenous African religious were spread by Fulani peoples, who had
http://encarta.msn.com/text_761572628___107/Africa.html
Print Preview Africa Article View On the File menu, click Print to print the information. Africa V. History At some point between 130,000 and 90,000 years ago the first true human beings, Homo sapiens, evolved in eastern and southern Africa. These Stone Age humans had the same capacity for thought as modern human beings. They were capable of making tools such as hooks and needles made of bone, and precise stone blades. These stone blades could be used as scrapers and hand-knives, or attached to poles and sticks for use as spears or arrows. By 90,000 years ago Homo sapiens had begun to move out of Africa into the Middle East, Europe, Central Asia, and beyond. All modern human beings are descended from these original African ancestors. A. Early Africans By 40,000 years ago people could be found hunting and gathering food across most of the regions of Africa. Populations in different regions employed various technological developments in adapting to their different environments and climates. The most notable adaptations occurred in response to major climate changes. A.1.

8. African States
Many coastal peoples in africa became middlemen traders of clove plantations led to alienation of lands from indigenous owners states such as the shambaa kingdom the Pare of the
http://www.cudenver.edu/~emendons/poldu.html
African States No area of Africa was without states Major states included: Kush Tekrur Nubia Aksum Ghana Mali Songhai Kanem Bornu Hausa City States Ife/Oyo (Yoruba) Benin (Yoruba) Asante Dahomey Darfur Abyssinia Bunyoro Buganda Lunda Lozi Karanga/Mutapa Swazi Zulu Political organization ranged from hierarchy (e.g., Aksum) to heterarchy (e.g., Igbo) Trade has been important in the state-building process in Africa Sudanic states East African Swahili states Swahili states traded with: China India Oman Persia Arabia Great Swahili trading centers: Kilwa Malindi Zanzibar Mombasa Mogadishu Dar es Salaam East African States Commercial city-states ranged from Mogadishu to Cape Delgado Kilwa Mogadishu Sofala Pemba Pate Mombasa Manda Early foreign influences came from: Arabia Greece Egypt Persia Indonesia India China Central African States Central Africa is a region that encompasses all or part of the modern nations of: Cameroon Central African Republic Equatorial Guinea Gabon Congo Republic of Congo Angola Zambia Principe The Luba Empire formed in the Shaba province of the Congo among iron-working farmers Knowledge of copper smelting Soil poor Savanna was left relatively uninhabited About 1300 AD numerous chieftaincies arose Unknown if the unifying king arose from within or from without Conflicting oral traditions Myth of invaders establishing kingdom Politico-religious authority based on bulopwe , meaning the sacredness of the king.

9. Africa Indigenous People Resources Bangwa
africa, african Anthropology General Resources. By peoples
http://www.archaeolink.com/africa_indigenous_people_resourc.htm
Bangwa Home Africa, African Anthropology General Resources By peoples Akan Akuapem Akye Anyi ... Zulu ArtWorld AFRICA -Bangwa "The Bangwa occupy a mountainous and part forested countryside west of the Bamileke in south-eastern Cameroon, near the headwaters of the Cross River. They comprise nine chiefdoms. People live in separate family compounds, sometimes with large meeting houses where visitors may be received." - From University of Durham - http://artworld.uea.ac.uk/teaching_modules/africa/cultural_groups_by_country/bangwa/welcome.html Bangwa People "Authority among the Bangwa was traditionally instituted as part of the Bamileke political complex. Like most of the western Grasslands people, Babanki political authority is vested in a village chief, who is supported by a council of elders, and is called Fon." You will find material related to Bangwa history, culture, arts, political structure and more. - From University of Iowa - http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Bangwa.html

10. Africa
africa; the first language of most people is one Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages, paoan) sara sena serer sgaw shambaa shan sheko
http://www.ethiotrans.com/africa.htm
Africa Home About Africa Services Health Education Portfolio Get Quote ...
ALRC
County Flag Language Support Algeria Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects Yes Angola Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages Yes Benin French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north) Yes Botswana English (official), Setswana Yes Burkina Faso French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population Yes Burundi Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) Yes Cameroon 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official) Yes Central African Republic French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), Arabic, Hunsa, Swahili Yes Chad French (official), Arabic (official), Sara and Sango (in south), more than 100 different languages and dialects Yes Congo, Democratic Republic of the

11. MSN Encarta - Africa
among the Chagga, Pare, and shambaa in the This great concentration of people gave the king African qualities and strengthening indigenous African religious
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572628_14/Africa.html
MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items African Art and Architecture African Languages more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks
Africa
News Search MSNBC for news about Africa Internet Search Search Encarta about Africa Search MSN for Web sites about Africa Also on Encarta Encarta guide: The Reagan legacy Compare top online degrees Proud papas: Famous dads with famous kids Also on MSN Father's Day present ideas on MSN Shopping Breaking news on MSNBC Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Page 14 of 18 Africa Multimedia 159 items Dynamic Map View map of Africa Article Outline Introduction Natural Environment People of Africa Economy ... History E Kanem-Bornu In the Lake Chad region, far to the east of the Niger bend, trans-Saharan trade was controlled by the state of Kanem, founded by Nilo-Saharan Kanuri nomads in about 800. By 1000 Kanem came under the leadership of the Saifawa clan, who established an Islamic dynasty and a settled capital at Njimi, north of Lake Chad.

12. People And Plants Online - The African Ethnobotany Network 1 - Bibliography
of fruits and wild greens in shambaa diet a Stripping of Adansonia digitata by Local People in the indigenous forest utilization in KwaZulu a case study of
http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/peopleplants/regions/africa/aen1/biblio.htm
Main About Us Publications and Videos Regions and Themes ... Feedback 13. Bibliography
  • Abbot, P.G. Research and Development of Simple Silvicultural Systems for Community Management of Miombo in Malawi, pp 98-105 in Piearce, G.D. and Gumbo, D.J. (eds.), The Ecology and Management of Indigenous Forests in Southern Africa, Zimbabwe Forestry Commission, Harare. Abdool Karim, S.S.A., Ziqubu-Page, T.T. and R. Arendse. 1994. Bridging the gap: potential for a health care partnership between African traditional healers and biomedical personnel in South Africa. S A Medical Journal, December 1994: 1-16. Anderson, S. and F. Staugard. 1986. Traditional midwives: traditional medicine in Botswana. Ipelegeng publishers, Gaborone. Anokbonggo, W.W. 1972. Preliminary pharmacological experimental approach to some Ugandan traditional medicines. Planta Medica 21(4): 364-373.

13. CONTENTS
in african Music, University of Johannesburg, South africa). all Things Meet Performing Spiritscape in shambaa. RESOUNDING FAITHS indigenous CHRISTIANITY AND.
http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/avorgbedor1/relmeltc.htm
CONTENTS
Music, Religion, and Ritual in Africa is a collection of eleven essays that draw on recent, original research materials and present new and critical perspectives on Unity This volume thus represents an important contribution to the growing intellectual and interdisciplinary discourse on Africa. List of Illustrations i v viii Ruth Stone (Director, Ethnomusicology Institute and past President, Society for Ethnomusicology, Indiana University, Bloomington) Acknowledgment PART ONE: INTRODUCTION A Sound Idea: Belief and Production of Musical Spaces AVORGBEDOR, Daniel (Associate Professor, School of Music and Dept of Black Studies, Ohio State University, Columbus) PART TWO: RITES AND SOUNDS OF TRANSITION: SONIC AND VISUAL CONFIGURATIONS Gods and Deputy Gods: Music in Yoruba Religious and Kingship EUBA, Akin (Melon Professor, Department of Music, University if of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh) Mukanda Transformation and Taboo Symbolism in an Age-Group Related Ritual Therapeutic Intervention KUBIK, Gerhard (Professor of Musicology and Ethnology, University of Vienna, Austria) Performance as Ritual, Performance as Art: Therapeutic Efficacy of

14. UI Students Receive T. Anne Cleary International Dissertation Fellowship
Analysis of Fish Marketing in Malawi, africa. . Collective Identities Within the indigenous Peasant Movement of Healing Among the shambaa People of Northeastern
http://www.uiowa.edu/~ournews/1997/july/708cleary.html
WRITER: SOK LIN LIM
CONTACT: VANESSA SHELTON
100 Old Public Library
Iowa City IA 52242
(319) 384-0010; fax (319) 384-0024
e-mail: vanessa-shelton@uiowa.edu
Release: Immediate UI students receive T. Anne Cleary International Dissertation Fellowship IOWA CITY, Iowa Some 21 University of Iowa doctoral students received the T. Anne Cleary International Dissertation Research Fellowship during the 1997-98 academic year. Fellowships are awarded annually to doctoral candidates whose dissertation research, conducted abroad, will promote the role of international education and research at the UI. "The fellowship program is contributing to the 'internationalization' of the university and its programs, and enhancing the graduate experience of recipients," said UI Graduate College Dean Les Sims, creator of the program. The program, initiated in 1993, is a tribute to the late T. Anne Cleary, UI associate vice president for academic affairs and professor in the division of psychological and quantitative foundations. The program is a way for Cleary's memory to live on and to support her strong commitment to international opportunities for students during their graduate careers. Cleary was a victim of the fatal November 1991 shootings on the UI campus. Coordinated by the Office of International Education and Services, the fellowships typically range from $1,500 to $5,000 with consideration of proposals for support of up to $15,000. Awards consist of a stipend, post-comprehensive examination tuition and contributions to travel, subsistence and/or research expenses.

15. Indigenous Multipurpose Trees Of Tanzania: Uses And Economic Benefits For People
The Forests, Trees, and People Project in Babati Plant Names in the Bondei shambaa and Zigua IM Germination Problems of Some Multipurpose indigenous Tree Seeds
http://www.fao.org/docrep/X5327e/x5327e1x.htm
Appendix A: References and readings
Badi, Kamal Hassan, et al. The Forests of the Sudan , Khartoum. 1 989 Boaler, S.B. The Ecology of Pterocarpus angolensis D.C. in Tanzania . H.M. Stationery Office, London. 1966 Borota, Jan. Provenance Studies of the Major and Economically Important Species in Tanzania . Zbornik Vedeckych Prac, Zvolene. 1975 Brennan, J.P.M. and P.J. Greenway. Checklist of the Forest Trees and Shrubs of the British Empire No. 5: Tanganyika Territory, Part II . Imperial Forestry Institute, Oxford. 1949 Bryce, J.M. The Commercial Timbers of Tanzania . Tanzania Forest Division, Utilization Section, Moshi, Tanzania. 1967 Carter, E.J. From Seed to Trial Establishment . DFR User Series No. 2. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Canberra. 1987 Chhabra, S.C., et al. Plants used in Traditional Medicine in Eastern Tanzania. 11. Angiosperms (Capparidaceae to Ebenaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology Chhabra, S.C., F.C. Uiso and E.N. Mshiu. Phytochemical Screening of Tanzanian Medicinal Plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology Dale, I.R. and P.J. Greenway.

16. The Constitution Of Kenya Review Commission
that refuge groups comprising the Pare, shambaa, Kamba, Taita purists soon emerged among the local people to stress the This was not building on the indigenous.
http://www.kenyaconstitution.org/docs/07d005.htm
The Commission The Review Process The Constitution: Past, Present and Amendments Civic Education on the Constitution ... Some of your Views Building On The Indigenous In Constitution Making
By Professor Bethwell A. Ogot Director, Institute Of Research And Postgraduate Studies, Maseno University, Kenya.
© 2001 Constitution of Kenya Review Commission A Joyfreto Creative Solution

17. Contemporary Africa
and Castle Khoikhoi and the Founding of White South africa. DT655.B3613 1968b; Colin Turnbull, The Forest People. DT443.S29; Steven Feierman, The shambaa Kingdom
http://www.kean.edu/~jspauldi/jlsafricon.html
HISTORY 6500 "Contemporary Africa"
Fall 2000
Instructor: Jay Spaulding
Dear Friends,
Greetings, and welcome to this course! Few subjects offer richer possibilities for discovery and the achievement of insight than does the examination of contemporary Africa. During our time together we will encounter Africa through the sharing of responses to some directed readings and via discussion of internet research. We will attempt to identify and learn to appreciate some African perspectives toward key issues, and to assess the opportunities and limitations of alternative courses of action by African political leaders.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS:
  • Regular class attendance and participation; alert yourselves to news from Africa.
  • Obtain, read, and be ready to discuss in class the following required textbooks:
  • Global Studies, Africa.
    A compact reference work useful for this course.
  • Basil Davidson, Modern Africa.
    A short narrative history by a European apologist.
  • George Ayittey, Africa in Chaos. An angry critical analysis by a native son.
  • 18. Publications: Africa
    africa, and focusses instead on a number of peoples in Central africa, who are
    http://www.cnws.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?c=25

    19. Publications: Linguistics
    such as Chaga, Nyamwezi, Sukuma, and shambaa; and six to contribute to the study of the indigenous languages of In this approach, both the way people talk and
    http://www.cnws.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?c=34

    20. Mots Pluriels
    Translate this page Elizabeth Rankin and Philippa Hobbs shambaa Ughanga Converging by Camille Ekomo Engolo indigenous publishing in is losing about 20000 trained people every year
    http://www.cm.refer.org/motspluriels/MP.html

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