61. The People Of Mali It is these indigenous cultures that are the subject between the ethnic groups of the senufo (of northern meanings often known only to the people who produce http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/lessons/middle/p-ofmali.htm

ART HOME Program Goals Lesson Plans Year Plan ... Art Home The People of Mali Bibliography Art of Mali Art of Africa Artist of Africa ... Songhai Empire What do the people think about art What are their beliefs What are some masking trends today? Today, most of the population of Mali (estimated at 10,878,000 in 1995) is African. The major groups are the Bambara (the linguistic name for the Bamana and Bamakan people), Fulani (the English name for the Fulfulde or Peul groups), Soninka (which includes the Marka), Senoufo (the linguistic name for groups also referred to as "Senufo"), Songhai, Maninke (includes the Malinka and the Maninka), and the Dogon. Nomadic Tuaregs and other Berbers roam the Sahel and parts of the Sahara. In all, there are thirty-two languages listed for Mali, but French is the official language and Bambara is widely used. The Bambara are the largest cultural segment, but the Dogon (roughly 5% of the population) are world-renowned for their artwork and dance festivals (Grimes 1996; "Mali, Republic" 1998). The influence of the Bambara extends far beyond the areas that they inhabit. Art historians often include in discussion of the Bambara style the works of the Khassonke (of the Kassonke linguistic group- about 1% of the population of Mali), Malinke, Marka (of the Soninke group) and Minianka (the Minianka are of the Senoufo Mamara). Different variants of style cannot be easily identified from pieces that have been collected (Luezinger 1960, p. 76). While there are some distinctive differences, their sculpture was all in the hands of the Nuni (today called

62. Misconceptions Today part of what is happening in africa today In recent years, the people have expressed their discontent notice of the ability of these indigenous people to create http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/lessons/middle/misconc.htm

ART HOME Program Goals Lesson Plans Year Plan ... To top of page Today's Misconceptions Home Bwa Mask Weaving of Mali What is Art? ... Test Your Knowledge [ Misconceptions Today ] Art of Mali Songhai Empire Senufo Ancestor Dogon Ancestor ... Preservation of Art Background information on Africa Africa . Third Edition. Indiana: Indiana University Press. Martin and O'Meara (1995) dispel any misconceptions one might have about Africa today. They present the reader with an objective perspective on the problems facing Africans today: the diversity, the conflicts, and the changesall a result of Western interference. Africa, more that three times the size of the United States, includes fifty- three very diverse countries and a population of about 700 million people. Africans are divided not only by boundaries, which did not exist prior to colonization, but also by ethnic identities, class distinctions, urban and rural experiences, geographic barriers, and vast distances. Population varies widely (Gabon- one million; Nigeria- 115 million). Ways of life vary dramatically. Some live in cities and work in offices or skyscrapers, buy clothes from department stores and have all of the modern conveniences- yet may travel to the rural areas for traditional festivals, to see healers or to visit extended families. Rural community members may seldom visit the cities, may walk miles for water in the dry season, and listen to transistor radios as they welcome a relative back from graduate studies overseas.

63. Encyclopedia: Demographics Of Burkina Faso Most of Burkina s people are concentrated in the south groups Mossi over 40%, Gurunsi, senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani Religions indigenous beliefs 40 http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Demographics-of-Burkina-Faso

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #20 South Korea is the heliport capital of the world. Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: May 30, 2004 Encyclopedia : Demographics of Burkina Faso Sponsored links: Burkina Faso 's 10 million people belong to two major West Africa n cultural groupsthe Voltaic and the Mande . The Voltaic are far more numerous and include the Mossi, who make up about one-half of the population. The Mossi claim descent from warriors who migrated to present-day Burkina Faso and established an empire that lasted more than 800 years. Predominantly farmers, the Mossi are still bound by the traditions of the Mogho Naba, who hold court in Ouagadougou About 5,000

64. African Art. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 the people’s sedentary lifestyles) in indigenous art The Bambara people of W Mali are famous senufo masks represent human features with geometric projections http://www.bartleby.com/65/af/Africana.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. African art art created by the peoples south of the Sahara.

65. Burkino Population HIV/AIDS people living with HIV/AIDS 350,000 groups Mossi over 40%, Gurunsi, senufo, Lobi, Bobo Religions indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian http://www.nationbynation.com/Burkino/Population.html

BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE BASIC INFO. ECONOMY GEOGRAPHY ... BURKINA FASO Most of Burkina's people are concentrated in the south and center of the country, sometimes exceeding 48 per square kilometer (125/sq. mi.). This population density, high for Africa, causes annual migrations of hundreds of thousands of Burkinabe to Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana for seasonal agricultural work. A plurality of Burkinabe adhere to traditional African religions. The introduction of Islam to Burkina Faso was initially resisted by the Mossi rulers. Christians, predominantly Catholics, are largely concentrated among the urban elite. POPULATION GRAPH Population: note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2002 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 47.3% (male 3,007,675; female 2,960,697)

66. Untitled Document in 1893, strong resistance by the indigenous people delayed French groups are the Baoule, Beti, senufo, Malinke, Anyi Guinea, as well as many people of French http://www.diplomacy.org/coted.html

(1995 est. pop. 14,791,000), 124,503 sq mi (322,463 sq km), W Africa, on the Gulf of Guinea of the Atlantic Ocean. It is bordered by Liberia and Guinea on the west, by Mali and Burkina Faso on the north, and by Ghana on the east. The official capital is Yamoussoukro ; the largest city, commercial center, and former capital is Abidjan . History before Independence comprised many small states. The Portuguese established trading settlements along the coast in the 16th cent., and other Europeans later joined the burgeoning trade in slaves and ivory. In 1842 a French military mission imposed a protectorate over the coastal zone. After 1870, France undertook a systematic conquest; although a protectorate over the entire country was proclaimed in 1893, strong resistance by the indigenous people delayed French occupation of the interior. and several thousand of its troops fought with the French during World War I, but effective French control over the area was not established until after the war. the Free French forces in the Gold Coast (now Ghana). As the desire for

67. Davis Publications - /artslides/slidesets/slideset.asp European nations attempted to replace the indigenous customs as thoroughly as Korhogo cloth animals, and people in auto by senufo PEOPLE Catalog Number http://www.davis-art.com/artslides/slidesets/slideset.asp?action=select&pk=2040

68. The Center For Global Tolerance & Engagement: World Fast Facts Ethnicities, 47% Malay, 32% Chinese, 12% indigenous tribes, 8% Indian, 1 Density, 10 people per square km. Languages, Bambara, Fulani, senufo, Soninke, French. http://www.mc.maricopa.edu/dept/d34/cgte/cgtemcty.html

MACEDONIA FAST FACTS Location Europe Capital Skopje Population 2.2 Million Density 86 people per square km Urban/Rural Split 60% Urban, 40% Rural Languages Macedonian, Serbo-Croatian Religions No statistics Ethnicities 67% Macedonian, 23% Albanian, 4% Turkish, 2% Serb, 2% Romany, 2% Other MADAGASCAR FAST FACTS Location Indian Ocean Capital Antananarivo Population 16.3 Million Density 28 people per square km Urban/Rural Split 27% Urban, 73% Rural Languages Malagasy, French Religions 52% Traditional beliefs, 41% Christian, 7% Muslim Ethnicities No statistics MALAWI FAST FACTS Location Southern Africa Capital Lilongwe Population 10.4 Million Density 111 people per square km Urban/Rural Split 14% Urban, 86% Rural Languages Chewa, Lomwe, Yao, Ngoni, English Religions 55% Protestant, 20% Roman Catholic, 20% Muslim, 5% Traditional beliefs Ethnicities No statistics MALAYSIA FAST FACTS Location Southeast Asia Capital Kuala Lumpur Population 21.5 Million Density 65 people per square km Urban/Rural Split 54% Urban, 46% Rural Languages Malay, Chinese, Tamil Religions 53% Muslim, 19% Buddhist, 12% Chinese faiths, 7% Christian, 7% Other, 2% Traditional beliefs

69. The Blacksmith's Art From Africa to interpret the metallurgical processes the people witnessed when inexpensive iron onto the shores of africa. By 1920 indigenous furnaces ceased to produce http://www.africans-art.com/index.php3?action=page&id_art=363

70. Princeton Packet OnLine News: Rhythms Of African-inspired Art - How Nigerian Scu and lived with artists in Baule and senufo, major ethnic the Portuguese learned bronze work was indigenous to the Esu was created by the Yoruba people in West http://www.pacpubserver.com/new/news/7-12-00/africanrhythms.html

E-MAIL REPORTER SEND LETTER TO EDITOR Rhythms of African-inspired art How Nigerian sculpture and textiles influence African-American art By Cynthia Cannon Princeton Packet Staff Writer Wednesday, July 12, 2000 Bronze head from Nigeria on African textile. Staff photo by Frank Wojciechowski In her sun-drenched home at Princeton Walk in Kingston, Joan Waite confesses that it is pure pleasure turning 66. During a career of more than 40 years, she fulfilled, and even surpassed her ideal to live to inspire people to try different things they hadn't dared to previously. She is pleased with the results of the project that has occupied the past few decades of her life. Attesting to that are her youthful good looks and abundant energy. The anthropologist has pursued her artistic plight with almost religious zeal, collecting a prodigious and varied amount of African and African-American sculpture and textiles. She takes photos of her pieces to produce colored slides. Joan Waite lives with her collection of African-inspired art. Staff photo by Frank Wojciechowski With a suitcase full of elaborately detailed textiles, slides and well-honed notes, she visits area groups to share her knowledge and interest in African art.

71. Race And Ethnicity Analysis - BloodBook.com, Blood Information For Life COUNTRY, RACIAL and/or ETHNIC ANALYSIS of PEOPLE GROUPS. Faso, Mossi (about 24%), Gurunsi, senufo, Lobi, Bobo origin 27%, other European 20%, indigenous Indian and http://www.bloodbook.com/race-eth.html

RACE and ETHNICITY ANALYSIS BLOODBOOK.COM THIS PAGE PRESENTS PERCENTAGE DETAILS OF INDIVIDUAL ETHNIC COMPOSITION OF DIFFERENT NATIONALITIES SEPARATED BY COUNTRY. TO HOME PAGE CLOSE WINDOW Racial and Ethnic Distribution of Blood Types African American Black Blood Donor Emergency COUNTRY RACIAL and/or ETHNIC ANALYSIS of PEOPLE GROUPS Afghanistan Pashtun 38%, Tajik 25%, Uzbek 6%, Hazara 19%, minor ethnic groups (Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others) Albania Albanian 95%, Greeks 3%, other 2%: Vlachs, Gypsies, Serbs, and Bulgarians Algeria Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1% Andorra Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3% Angola Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, Mestico (mixed European and Native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22% Antigua black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian (see Barbuda) Argentina European 97% (mostly of Spanish and Italian descent), 3% other (mostly Indian or Mestizo) Armenia Armenian 93%, Azeri 3%, Russian 2%, other (mostly Yezidi Kurds) 2% (1989) Note: as of the end of 1993, virtually all Azeris had emigrated from Armenia

72. Vitalog.com - Search By Location Ethnic groups Mossi about 24%, Gurunsi, senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani Religion indigenous beliefs 40 search people who Born Died Burial. http://www.vitalog.com/cgi-bin/exploring/country.cgi?cod=1040&ctype=birth&sort=n

73. WRITING ASSIGNMENTS senufo or Baule of Ivory Coast (Côte d Ivoire Francis Bebey, African Music A People s Art; Barbara Include an explanation of indigenous cultural traits and/or http://faculty.uncfsu.edu/doyler/TCHNG/H490Write.htm

WRITING ASSIGNMENTS HIST 490 FALL 2002 I. INDIGENOUS LITERATURE: The Oral Tradition: Sundiata: An Epic of Old Mali Using this oral tradition recorded by D.T. Niane and TWO sources of your choice, DESCRIBE the culture of the Mande Speakers at the time of the founding of the Empire of Mali. Use the culture in which Sundiata was born, at Niani in the Kingdom of Kangaba looking for the following: Language, government, religion, education, maintaining any type of records of the past, environmental effects on culture, art, music, literature, and Moral Values that might include reverence for elders, truth, beauty, loyalty, bravery, sympathy, kindness, hospitality, and whatever else you see within the document. Use the two sources of your choice to try to VERIFY the cultural statements that you make based upon the oral tradition. Also include any observations you have on the accuracy of the oral tradition or comparisons to culture today in the area. II. MODERN LITERATURE: A. Literature in French: Dark Child: An Autobiography Camara Laye writes in French about life in Guinea at the time of colonization. Using the novel and TWO sources of your choice, DESCRIBE indigenous Culture of this ethnic group in terms of the following:

74. African Folklore -- A-Z Entries The Horn ) Overview Nsibidi An indigenous Writing System. Dramas Rastafari A Marginalized People Rattray, RS Power Objects of the senufo Spirit Possession http://www.routledge-ny.com/folklore/african/azentries.html

Please note: List of entries is preliminary and may change prior to publication A B C D ... Z A Algeria Ancestors Angola Animals in African Folklore Arabic Folk Literature of North Africa Architecture Archives of Traditional Music Ashanti Astronomy back to top B Bamana Banjo: African Roots Bao Bascom, William Basketry, Africa Basketry, African American Beadwork Benin Birth and Death Rituals among the Gikuyu Blacksmiths: Dar Zaghawa of the Sudan Blacksmiths: Mande of Western Africa Body Arts: African American Arts of the Body Body Arts: Body Decoration in Africa Body Arts: Hair Sculpture Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi back to top C Callaway, Bishop Henry

75. Adherents.com: By Location 227 Most people in Cote d Ivoire follow traditional primalindigenous, Cote d Ivoire, -, 30.50%, -, -, 1998, *LINK senufo, Cote d Ivoire, -, -, -, -, 1995, Haskins, J. From http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_81.html

Adherents.com - Religion by Location Over 42,000 religious geography and religion statistics citations (membership statistics for over 4,000 different religions, denominations, tribes, etc.) for every country in the world. To Index back to Cote d'Ivoire, Catholic Cote d'Ivoire, continued... Group Where Number of Adherents % of total pop. Number of congreg./ churches/ units Number of countries Year Source Quote/ Notes Christianity Cote d'Ivoire *LINK* Nance Profiles web site (orig. source: INTERNATIONAL INTERCESSORS, November, 1984); (viewed Aug. 1998; now restricted Total population: 8.2 million (1980 est.). Animists, traditional beliefs - 63%; Islam (mostly Sunnis) - 25%; Christians (both Protestant and Catholic) - 12%. Christianity Cote d'Ivoire *LINK* Library of Congress Country Studies Est. 10.6 million [total pop.] (1987). In 1980s one-fourth of population Muslim, oneeighth Christian (mostly Roman Catholic), and remainder local religions or, in smaller numbers, syncretic religions. Christianity Cote d'Ivoire *LINK* CIA World Factbook web site (viewed Aug. 1998) indigenous 25%, Muslim 60%, Christian 12%; Total population: 14,986,218.

76. Adherents.com: By Location About 15 percent of the people still adhere to primalindigenous, Niger, -, 20.00%, -, -, 1992, Goring, Rosemary (ed senufo, Niger, -, -, -, -, 1995, Haskins, J. From Afar to http://www.adherents.com/adhloc/Wh_244.html

Adherents.com - Religion by Location Over 42,000 religious geography and religion statistics citations (membership statistics for over 4,000 different religions, denominations, tribes, etc.) for every country in the world. To Index back to Nicaragua, Baptist World Alliance Nicaragua, continued... Group Where Number of Adherents % of total pop. Number of congreg./ churches/ units Number of countries Year Source Quote/ Notes Catholic Nicaragua Nicaragua (series: Enchantment of Central America). Chicago: Childrens Press (1971), pg. 90. "Official Religion - None, but more than 90% of people are Roman Catholic... Population History... 1965: 1,660,000 " Catholic Nicaragua Nicaragua (series: Enchantment of Central America). Chicago: Childrens Press (1971), pg. 63. "...though there is no official religion, today about 96% of the population is Catholic. " Catholic Nicaragua Goring, Rosemary (ed). (Larousse: 1994) pg. 581-584. Table: "Population Distribution of Major Beliefs "; "Figures have been compiled from the most accurate recent available information and are in most cases correct to the nearest 1% " Catholic Nicaragua units 1998 Catholic Almanac: Our Sunday Visitor : USA (1997), pg. 333-367.

77. Religious Freedom Page People Population 10,623,323 (July 1996 est.) Age structure 0 Mossi about 24%, Gurunsi, senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani Religions indigenous beliefs 40 http://religiousfreedom.lib.virginia.edu/nationprofiles/Burkina_Faso/dem.html

Key Demographic Features of Burkina Faso* Geography Location: Western Africa, north of Ghana Map references: Africa People Population: 10,623,323 (July 1996 est.) Age structure: -14 years: 48% (male 2,569,806; female 2,537,106) -64 years: 49% (male 2,444,601; female 2,738,726) 65 years and over: 3% (male 145,479; female 187,605) (July 1996 est.) Population growth rate: 2.53% (1996 est.) Infant mortality rate: 117.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 43.21 years male: 43.46 years female: 42.95 years (1996 est.) Ethnic divisions: Mossi about 24%, Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo, Mande, Fulani Religions: indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian (mainly Roman Catholic) 10% Languages: French (official), tribal languages belonging to Sudanic family, spoken by 90% of the population Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.) total population: male: female: Government Country Abbreviation: UV Type of government: parliamentary Independence: 5 August 1960 (from France) National holiday: Anniversary of the Revolution, 4 August (1983)

78. Mission Frontiers June 2001 Worship That Moves The Soul Even though they are both senufo, there are people groups I have gone, I have seen people responding to have not known how to draw out indigenous worship from http://www.missionfrontiers.org/2001/02/ethnwrshp.htm

Worship That Moves the Soul A conversation with Roberta King Roberta King, Ph.D. came to Fuller Theological Seminary in January 2000 after serving 22 years in Africa with CB International. While in Africa, she was based at Daystar University in Nairobi, Kenya, where she facilitated the setting of Scripture to song in over 70 languages from peoples in 11 African and two Asian countries. At Fuller, King is now Associate Professor of Communication and Ethnomusicology. She also maintains her commitment to CBI, serving as an International Resource Specialist. Both positions allow her to expand her work in ethnomusicology beyond the African continent. A Vision of SONG: Dr. King at Fuller today (below). Survivors widowed in the horrors of 1994 in Rwanda find renewed joy in Christ at a workshop in Kigali, Rhwanda (above). With Russell G. Shubin Mission Frontiers: Why should the North American church be passionate about ethno-worship? Roberta King : The ultimate reason is that it is relevant to our culture today. It is relevant to the global world that we live in. We don't live in a monocultural situation, even in the States. It's becoming even more multicultural, as we see people coming from many different nations. In addition, in California, for example, we have numerous, large ethnic populations. Ethno-worship recognizes those people. It allows for the differences that are found within each of those people groupsbut it also allows Jesus Christ to remain the center focus.

79. SAARTE-Zine: Article 14 This paper looks at how indigenous potting knowledge is observation that among the Kpeenbele senufo the technical is set aside from ordinary people (David et al http://saarte-zine.s5.com/article14.htm

Free Web site hosting - Freeservers.com Web Hosting - GlobalServers.com Choose an ISP NetZero High Speed Internet ... Dial up $14.95 or NetZero Internet Service $9.95 General Email us Submit Info List Web Site Site Links HOME PAST ISSUES LAST MONTH LATEST ISSUE ... FAQ Direct Mail Add a friend to the mailing list Find links to all the Art Gallery Web Sites in South Africa on the Latest Issues page. To receive the FREE monthly SAARTE-Zine submit yourE-mail address Past articles written for SAARTJIE They say 'anybody can make pots': The transmission of potting knowledge in two Zulu-speaking communities Dieter Reusch (anthropologist) KwaMabaso is situated within the Msinga magisterial district. They have rich deposits of good quality clay, which might be a reason for the existence of a large number of women making pottery in comparison with the numbers from neighbouring chiefdoms. Active potters would make pots to sell every week. The women living in the Sompofu ward tend to sell their ware at the Tuesday pot market in Pomeroy, situated in the neighbouring Majozi chiefdom. Far fewer women from the Majozi chiefdom make pottery than from KwaMabaso. The potters living in the other three wards of KwaMabaso tend to sell their ware in Tugela Ferry on any day of the week that suits them, but especially during pension payout days. Ntembeni is situated within the Mtonjaneni district, with Melmoth as the main commercial and administrative town. The women of Ntembeni also have a rich tradition of making pottery, but only in certain areas. This might again have to do with the availability of good quality deposits of clay being near at hand. The potters make far more pots than are needed for their own household usage; they make to sell. Their main outlets are the two road side stalls at Ndundulu on the road between Eshowe and Melmoth, as well as the monthly pension payout days at Melmoth or at stores in their vicinity which act as payout points. They do not sell directly to the public at the roadside stalls but through the stall holders who are not necessarily potters.

80. IK Monitor Articles (6-2) exclusive soil types, while the senufo claimed to each inhabited by an ethnic group indigenous to that held with approximately 192 different people; in each http://www.nuffic.nl/ciran/ikdm/6-2/birming.html

Indigenous Knowledge and Development Monitor, July 1998 Contents IK Monitor 6(2) IKDM Homepage ikdm@nuffic.nl Learning local knowledge of soils: a focus on methodology by Deirdre M. Birmingham. There is little published literature on methods for studying local knowledge of soils. This scarcity is surprising, given that local knowledge is increasingly recognized as necessary for effective agricultural and rural development, and the livelihood of farmers. This article describes and analyzes the approach and methodologies used in recovering local knowledge of soil and land typologies among two ethnic groups in two different agroecological zones in West Africa. This analysis is of particular importance, as the manner in which research is carried out is critical to the quality and type of results obtained. Not only the results should be published, but also an analysis of the methods used, with a view to improving future research. Photos: Deirdre M. Birmingham Description I chose two villages in each of two agroecological zones, each inhabited by an ethnic group indigenous to that zone. In each of these four villages the West Africa Rice Development Association (WARDA), with whom I did this research, conducts village-level research on rice production systems. WARDA also participates in an agroecological characterization of inland valleys in West Africa. The use of these sites allowed me to compare my results with those of socioeconomic studies conducted by WARDA, and also with the findings of agroecological characterization (Windmeijer et al. 1994).

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 4     61-80 of 95    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20