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1. The Human Rights Situation Of Indigenous Peoples In Africa.
namely the Hadza, Dorobo and sandawe together with of he many pastoral peoples of East africa. characterize the plight of indigenous peoples throughout the
http://www.cwis.org/fwj/22/hra.htm
The Human Rights Situation
of Indigenous Peoples in Africa
Moringe Parkipuny
Member of Parliament
Ngorongoro, Tanzania
Mr. Parkipuny delivered these remarks before the Sixth Session of the United Nations
Working Group on Indigenous Populations in Genéve, Switzerland on August 3, 1989. Madam Chairperson, fellow representatives and friends in the struggles of indigenous peoples rights, first, I convey from Africa the message of unity and resolute determination to consolidate the strive for our common course. I have learnt that this is the first time that representatives of any community in Africa have been able to attend this very important forum. This is a historic moment for us. We are only two in attendance, both from Tanzania, of the Haxza and Maasai communities. I take this opportunity to express our very profound appreciation of the generosity of the United Nations Voluntary Fund and the NGO Human Rights Fund for Indigenous Peoples, which have helped to sponsor our trip to Geneva. We look forward to the future when more delegates from Africa will be able to make use of this valuable forum. Also would you please accept my wish for your attention and time to introduce our plight and to provide you with some basic information about the situation in Africa, which has not been aired in this forum before. The environment for human rights in Africa is severely polluted by the ramifications of colonialism and neo-colonial social and economic relationships in which we are compelled to pursue our development and sovereignty in a global system replete with injustices and exploitation. Let us keep in mind the fact that the over whelming majority of African countries attainted political independence only in the decade of the 1960s. That is, most have existed sovereign political entities for a period of less than three decades. And indeed the process of decolonialization is still in progress in Africa. The struggle of peoples of South Africa against direct and indirect bondage of apartheid allied with the might of Western economic hegemony provides ample testimony of the agonies of Africa in its determination to overcome the inhumanities of colonialism and neo-colonialism.

2. Fr. Nicoll's Course Website
SUBSAHARAN africa. Sources archaeology (much lost to climate); oral tradition (accurate back several centuries); histories (few from Greeks and Romans; ca. Valleys; Click (Khoisan, sandawe, Hatsa); Fur; Temainian; Kordofanian Khoikhoi-speaking peoples arrived in south africa at the other foods indigenous to SE Asia throughout africa
http://www.loyno.edu/~nicoll/WorldCivFall/22africa.htm
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Sources: archaeology (much lost to climate); oral tradition (accurate back several centuries); histories (few from Greeks and Romans; ca. 958 AD Muslim historians and some Europeans); oral poems; oral genealogies; traditional rituals.
Geography: 40% desert and bush - Sahara (al-Sahra: "the desert") and the Kalahari; 40% savanna (grassland) and sahel (semi-arid steppe); 8% (or 5%) rain forest. Rivers: Nile, Kongo, Niger, Zambesi, Orange, Limpopo, Senegal
Soil: tropical to acid; devoid of much humus or vegetable mold, thus easily leached of mineral and
nutrients; thus not highly productive for extended periods.
Water shortage. But abundant animal life
Minerals: wealthy in salt, iron and copper ore, gold.
Diet: short on protein and vitamins
Health: mosquito carries malaria, yellow fever; tsetse-fly infected humans, horses, cattle, snails, worms which conveyed intestinal diseases. Crops: hurt by locust swarms
All of above tended to limit population OLD STONE AGE
Extant archeological shows Africa as the origin place of the species Homo; recent evidence (footprints in S. Africa ca. 120,000 years old) indicate Africa as the origin place of Homo Sapiens Sapiens - modern humans.

3. IPACC - Regional Information: East Africa
of the United Nations on the rights of indigenous peoples. It also provided evidence that the sandawe people are in to the Khoe and San peoples of Southern
http://www.ipacc.org.za/regional/regional.asp?Region=East_Africa

4. Indigenous Peoples Rights Question In Africa
I have learnt that this is the first time that representatives of any community in africa have been able to attend this very important forum. This is a historic moment for us. DOCUMENT PARKIPNY.TXT THE indigenous peoples RIGHTS QUESTION IN africa Moringe Parkipuny, Member of namely the Hadza, Dorobo and sandawe together with many ethnic groups who
http://www.cwis.org/fwdp/Africa/parkipny.txt
usaoffice@cwis.org OCR Software provided by Caere Corporation

5. Africa Serengeti Safari - Safari Venture Itineraries
Amenities include indigenous architectural design, luscious rooms of the Maasai, Chagga, Rangi or sandawe. the most colorful and fascinating peoples of africa.
http://www.safariventures.com/itineraries/5_1_2_01_Itinerary-Africa-Serengeti-Sa
Close Window Re-Launch Safari Ventures Home Page
ITINERARY: Africa - Serengeti
This vast region features a wide diversity of landscape, long and short grass plains, the Seronera valley, the kopjes, the lakes, and Banagi. Each of these distinct environments offers a diverse range of animals. The word "Serengeti" means "endless plains" in the Maasai language, and within its boundaries are more than three million large mammals. Here, in one of the largest wildlife sanctuaries in the world, you will find the "big 5," the most popular animals among safari-goers: the elephant, the lion, the rhino, the leopard and the cape buffalo. If you visit during the annual wildebeest migration, you will witness one of the greatest spectacles in nature, as vast herds charge across the plains. You will never have the same experience twice while touring the Serengeti. DAY 1 - FRIDAY
DAY 2 - SATURDAY

DAY 3 - SUNDAY

DAY 4 - MONDAY
...
DAY 10 - SUNDAY
DAY 1 - FRIDAY

Depart for an evening flight to Europe.

6. June-July 1989
Seamen's Mission Gateway to the Unreached peoples. The World his wife Barbara under africa Inland Mission (AIM) for 000 and no indigenous church, the sandawe seemed ideal for
http://www.missionfrontiers.com/1989/0607/jj8910.htm
BACK ISSUES June/July 1989 DIRECTORY Editorial Comment Nothing Fails Like Success Christian Endeavor ... At the Center Brown notes that social restructuring, begun at Tanzanian independence in 1961, prompted an unprecedented ripeness for the gospel among many tribes, and many people have come to faith in Christ. Yet at least 19 tribes remain unreached. The committee began informal correspondence with the Africa Inland Church of Tanzania (AICT, the indigenous church planted by AIM) about partnering in outreach to an unreached tribe. The AICT replied that it favored such a partnership. Composed primarily of 1100 congregations of the Sukuma tribe, the AICT has been heavily involved in outreach to unbelieving Sukumas, but not in cross-cultural evangelism. Cedar Crest Church raised $10,000 for the trip and sent Boone, elder Glenn Miller, and deacon John LoRusso to Tanzania in July 1988. During the month-long trip, one tribe arrested their attention. The animistic Sandawe of north-central Tanzania appeared ready to hear the gospel. And, with five known believers among a population of 40,000 and no indigenous church, the Sandawe seemed ideal for missionary outreach. The Cedar Crest team returned to Pennsylvania and reported its findings. The mission committee encouraged the elders to lead the church in officially adopting the Sandawe; the resolution passed in November 1988. For further information, contact: Cliff Boone, Cedar Crest Bible Fellowship Church, 1151 S. Cedar Crest Blvd., Allentown, PA 18103.

7. Bibliography On African Traditional Religion
and medicines indigenous healing in south africa, Johannesburg, 1989. The Khoisan, peoples of South africa, London, 1960. and Fertility in sandaweThought " in africa, 1969, 24-53
http://www.africamissions.org/africa/atr_bibliography.htm
BIBLIOGRAPHY ON AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION compiled by Chidi Denis Isizoh Abrahamsson H., The Origin of Death, Studies in African Mythology, Studia Ethnographica Upsaliensia III, Uppsala, 1951.
Achebe Chinua, "Chi in Igbo Cosmology", in In Morning Yet on creation day, N.Y., 1975.
Achebe Chinwe, The World of the Ogbanje, Enugu, 1986.
Le bâton de l'aveugle. Divination, maladie et pouvoir chez les Moundang du Tchad, Paris, 1972
Akpunonu P.D., "The Religion of the Ibos, Yesterday and Today", Lux
Albert E.M., "Une étude de valeur en Burundi," in CEA
Amankulor, J.N., "Ekpe Festivals as Religious ritual and Dance Drama", Ikenga
Arinze F.A., Sacrifice in Ibo Religion, Ibadan, 1970.
Armstrong R.C., "African Religion and cultural Renewal", ORITA
Arnoux R.P., "Le culte de la société secrète des imandwa au Ruanda, in Anthropos,
Atangana B., "Le Sacré dans l'Afrique Traditionnelle", Bull. du Cercle St Jean- Baptiste, Paris, 1964, 363-374. West African Traditional Religion, Ibadan, 1979.

8. MapZones.com People
indigenous African peoples as well as small groups of Asians and Europeans. As early as 5000 BC, Santype hunting bands inhabited the country. The sandawe
http://www.mapzones.com/world/africa/tanzania/peopleindex.php
Country Info Tanzania Introduction Tanzania General Data Tanzania Maps Tanzania Culture ... Tanzania Time and Date Tanzania People Back to Top There are also Asian and European minorities. During the colonial period, Asian immigration was encouraged, and Asians dominated the up-country produce trade. Coming mostly from Gujurat in India, they form several groups distinguished by religious belief: the Isma'ilis, Bohras, Sikhs, Punjabis, and Goans. Since independence the Asian population has steadily declined due to emigration. The European population, never large because Tanganyika was not a settler colony, was made up primarily of English, Germans, and Greeks. In the postindependence period, a proliferation of different European, North American, and Japanese expatriates connected with foreign aid projects have made Tanzania their temporary residence. Population distribution in Tanzania is extremely uneven. Density varies from 1 person per square kilometer (3 per sq. mi.) in arid regions to 51 per square kilometer (133 per sq. mi.) in the mainland's well-watered highlands to 134 per square kilometer (347 per sq. mi.) on Zanzibar. More than 80% of the population is rural. Dar es Salaam is the capital and largest city; Dodoma, located in the center of Tanzania, has been designated the new capital, although action to move the capital has stalled. The African population consists of more than 120 ethnic groups, of which the Sukuma, Haya, Nyakyusa, Nyamwezi, and Chaga have more than 1 million members. The majority of Tanzanians, including such large tribes as the Sukuma and the Nyamwezi, are of Bantu stock. Groups of Nilotic or related origin include the nomadic Masai and the Luo, both of which are found in greater numbers in neighboring Kenya. Two small groups speak languages of the Khoisan family peculiar to the Bushman and Hottentot peoples. Cushitic-speaking peoples, originally from the Ethiopian highlands, reside in a few areas of Tanzania.

9. The Chronicle: Daily News: 06/14/2002 -- 01
Park, spent much of the past year collecting genetic data in africa. DNA samples from members of the Hadza and sandawe peoples, two indigenous groups who
http://chronicle.com/free/2002/06/2002061401t.htm

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Friday, June 14, 2002
A Web Site Chronicles a Genetics Professor's Hunt for African DNA Samples
By BROCK READ Sarah Tishkoff, a professor of genetics at the University of Maryland at College Park, spent much of the past year collecting genetic data in Africa. Grade-school students can now learn about the fruits of her labor and the people she encountered at the DNA Hunt, a Web site designed by technology assistants at Maryland. The site uses Ms. Tishkoff's own pictures and sound files to chronicle her expedition, which took her to five African nations: Cameroon, Gambia, Kenya, Nigeria, and Tanzania. In Tanzania, Ms. Tishkoff accomplished the main goal of her trip: She collected DNA samples from members of the Hadza and Sandawe peoples, two indigenous groups who speak different dialects of click-based languages. She hopes to determine whether the two peoples are related and if they are related to the Kung San, who live well to the south but speak a similar tongue. Ms. Tishkoff collected blood and cheek-cell samples from many Sandawe and 150 of the less than 1,000 remaining Hadza. At present, she is working on extracting DNA from the samples for testing.

10. BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ecological Basis for Subsistence Change among the sandawe of Tanzania Same Cup Proceedings of the Conference on indigenous peoples in africa, Tune, Denmark
http://www.san.org.za/san/20_bibliog/bibliogr.htm
BIBLIOGRAPHY
  • /Oma, Kxao Moses and Axel Thoma (1998)
    Does Tourism Support or Destroy the Indigenous Cultures of the San? Paper presented at the Workshop on Tourism and Indigenous Peoples, Geneva, Switzerland, July 28, 1998. Alcorn, Janis B. (1994)
    Noble Savage or Noble State? Northern Myths and Southern Realities in Biodiversity Conservation . Ethnoecologica 2(3):7-19. Allin, Craig W., ed. (1990)
    International Handbook of National Parks and Nature Reserves . New York: Greenwood Press. American Anthropological Association (1996)
    Population Relocation and Survival: The Botswana Government's Decision to Relocate the People of the Central Kalahari Game Reserve . Washington, D.C.: Committee for Human Rights (CfHR), American Anthropological Association. Anderson, David and Richard Grove (1987)
  • 11. References
    Dietary change and traditional food systems of indigenous peoples. Ann Rev in Eastern africa and four countries of West africa. Dimensions of sandawe diet.
    http://www.unu.edu/unupress/food2/UIN07E/uin07e0m.htm
    Contents Previous
    References
    Abdullah M, Ahmed L. 1993. "Validating a simplified approach to the dietary assessment of vitamin A intake in preschool children." Eur J Clin Nutr Abrams Jr. HL. 1987. The preference for animal protein and fat: a cross-cultural study. In: Harris M, Ross EB, eds. Food and Evolution . Philadelphia: Temple University Press. Alcorn JB. 1981. "Haustec noncrop resource management: implications for prehistoric rainforest management." Humn Ecol Altieri MA, Trujillo J. 1987. "The agroecology of corn production in Tlaxcala, Mexico." Humn Eco Ang CYW, Livingston GE. 1974. Nutritive losses in the home storage and preparation of raw fruits and vegetables. In: White PE, Seelvey N. eds. Nutritional qualities of fresh fruits and vegetables. New York: Futura Publishing Co. pp. 51-64. AOAC. 1984. Official methods of analysis. 14th ed. Arlington, VA, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arroyave G. 1986. Vitamin A deficiency control in Central America. In: Bauernfeind JC, ed. Vitamin A deficiency and its control. New York: Academic Press Inc., pp. 405- 424.

    12. Chapter3 Contd1
    in eastern africa and four countries of West africa. Dimensions of sandawe diet Traditional plant foods of Canadian indigenous peoples nutrition, botany and use
    http://www.unu.edu/unupress/food/8F141e/8F141E07.htm
    Contents Previous Next Factors influencing vitamin A intake and programmes to improve vitamin A status T. Johns, S. L. Booth, and H. V. Kuhnlein Programmes to increase the consumption of natural food sources of vitamin A and provitamin A Several reviews of programmes designed to eradicate vitamin A deficiency are available [90-95], including summaries of the activities being implemented or proposed by major international agencies and non-governmental organizations. While the long-term goal of bringing about sustained dietary change to improve vitamin A intake is proposed for most programmes, few such programmes have been implemented [96]. Programmes that have published evaluations have demonstrated varying levels of success. However, programme strategies and summaries are difficult to obtain, and the operational details rarely appear in publicly accessible literature. Therefore, the programmes described in this section should not be interpreted as an exhaustive list of all of those designed to increase the consumption of natural food sources of vitamin A and provitamin A. Instead, a selection of programmes is used to illustrate the problems encountered. In particular, the gardening and nutrition education approaches to improving dietary intake of provitamin A are stressed, as are alternative approaches that show promise in achieving the goal of sustained dietary change. Promoting gardening activity The collection of preliminary data on dietary intake and attitudes towards health, food, and vitamin A deficiency has been given more importance by certain agencies, and this may help to reverse an otherwise poor record of success among gardening projects [97]. The International Vitamin A Consultative Group (IVACG), for example, has published a simplified approach to the assessment of dietary intake of provitamin A and preformed vitamin A to identify high-risk groups or regions, to identify culturally acceptable foods, and to evaluate programmes designed to increase the intake of foods rich in vitamin A activity [ 1 02]

    13. Junior Researchers
    S. Steeman, “A grammar of sandawe”. practices on the historiography of indigenous peoples, based on Culture and Development in africa PoliticalEconomic
    http://www.cnws.leidenuniv.nl/index.php3?c=21

    14. Teenage Cancer Trust
    with more than 120 different indigenous african peoples The sandawe hunters of northern Tanzania are thought to As with so many other peoples of africa, aids
    http://www.teencancer.org/z/pages/treks/tanzaniareport.html
    Written by Rod Davis who just completed the 300 km bike ride from Mount Kilimanjaro to the Ngorongoro Crater.
    DOING IT FOR THE KIDS
    from left: Keith Moss, John Morris (paramedic),Mike Foottit, Rod Davis,
    Ian Weir and Simon Gibson. Day 1. Bumble bees have poor memories
    Day 2. Kilimanjaro remains a mystery
    Another minor panic. We need Kenya visas. We have them for Tanzania, but no one mentioned Kenya. After landing, the problem evaporated; in fact we did not need to go through all the hassle we had in London to get the Tanzanian visa because everyone gets them at the border.
    Nairobi airport is bustling at 9.00 in the morning. Heat comfortable. Bikes are loaded on the 4x4s that will take us to the first campsite. Journey begins. It is about five hours to our first night campsite and already Clive, our tour guide leader, has shown his strength. He is very laid back; 30 something with a touch of Crocodile Dundee about him, but organised and surprisingly efficient. Great guy. And his back-up team looked controlled and well trained.
    Day 3. The Hill

    15. OPACÅV“o˜^î•ñ
    and Cultures of Asia and africa (ILCAA), Tokyo indigenous peoples and the state politics, land, and A classified vocabulary of the sandawe language / by
    http://opac.lib.kobe-u.ac.jp/newbook/200/10/new.html
    OPACÅV“o˜^î•ñ
    ‰ß‹Ž‚̃ŠƒXƒgF
    ÅVî•ñ

    ‘O‰æ–Ê
    ’†‘‹ß•S”N•¶Šw—˜_”á•]Žj : (1895-1990) / ‰©™ÖŒNŽå•Ò
    ˆ¤’mŒ§Žj / ˆ¤’mŒ§Žj•Ò‚³‚ñˆÏˆõ‰ï•ÒW ...
    “cˆÀ“¿ì‰Æ‘ ‘‚ƍ‚æŒM•¶ŒÉ : “ñ‚‚̓TÐƒRƒŒƒNƒVƒ‡ƒ“ / ‘•¶ŠwŒ¤‹†Ž‘—¿ŠÙ•Ò . - ‹ž“s : —Ր쏑“X , 2003.3. - ( Œ“Tu‰‰ƒVƒŠ[ƒY
    . - “Œ‹ž : Šâ”g‘“X , 2003.7. - ( ƒAƒWƒAV¢‹I / Â–Ø•Û [‚Ù‚©] •ÒWˆÏˆõ
    . - “Œ‹ž : ‘åCŠÙ‘“X , 2003.7. - ( ƒVƒŠ[ƒY”F’mŒ¾ŒêŠw“ü–å
    ¶•¨ / ÂXŒ§Žj•Ò‚³‚ñŽ©‘R•”‰ï•Ò . - ÂX : ÂXŒ§ , 2003.3. - ( ÂXŒ§Žj
    ’†¢E‹ß¢ / ÂXŒ§Žj•Ò‚³‚ñlŒ•”‰ï•ÒW . - ÂX : ÂXŒ§ , 2003.3. - ( ÂXŒ§Žj
    ÂXŒ§‚̐¶•¨ŒÄÌ / ÂXŒ§Žj•Ò‚³‚ñŽ©‘R•”‰ï•Ò . - ÂX : ÂXŒ§ , 2003.3. - ( ÂXŒ§Žj
    “ú´E“ú˜Ií‘ˆŠú‚̐XŒ§ / ÂXŒ§Žj•Ò‚³‚ñ‹ßŒ»‘ã•”‰ï•Ò . - ÂX : ÂXŒ§ , 2003.3. - ( ÂXŒ§Žj
    ·‰ª”Ë—Ì / ÂXŒ§Žj•Ò‚³‚ñ‹ß¢•”‰ï•ÒW . - ÂX : ÂXŒ§ , 2003.3. - ( ÂXŒ§Žj
    . - ÂX : ÂXŒ§ , 2003.2. - ( ÂXŒ§Žj
    Ordnungen des Imaginaren : Theorien der Imagination in funktionsgeschichtlicher Sicht / herausgegeben von Rudolf Behrens . - Hamburg : F. Meiner , c2002. - ( Zeitschrift fur Asthetik und allgemeine Kunstwissenschaft
    Movement in language : interactions and architectures / Norvin Richards . - Oxford : Oxford Universitiy Press , 2001. - ( Oxford linguistics
    . - ‰ü’ùE‘•â”Å. - “Œ‹ž : ‰ÈŠw‘‰@. - “Œ‹ž : ‰àƒ–ŠÖo”Å (”­”„) , 2002.10. - (

    16. Conference Center
    of the outlying Hadza and sandawe peoples of northern throughout most of subSaharan africa from the slaughtered thousands of these indigenous people and had
    http://www.spring.net/yapp-bin/public/read/cultures/29
    Topic 29 of 42: African culture
    Wed, Aug 30, 2000 (07:45) sociolingo
    Thoughts, ideas, experiences
    33 responses total. Topic 29 of 42 [cultures]: African culture Response 1 of 33: Marcia ( MarciaH Wed, Aug 30, 2000 (14:46) * 1 lines Maggie, all and anything you forward to me from your African sojourn I will be more than happy to post for you. This is suc a great idea! I know just about nothing of Africa.
    Topic 29 of 42 [cultures]: African culture Response 2 of 33: Maggie ( sociolingo Thu, Aug 31, 2000 (01:50) * 1 lines Thank you. I will do my best to expand your horizons .....
    Topic 29 of 42 [cultures]: African culture Response 3 of 33: Maggie ( sociolingo Thu, Aug 31, 2000 (12:27) * 20 lines Languages
    Many inadequate attempts have been made to classify the great complexity of languages in Africa. There are at least 1,000 distinct African languages known.
    Linguist Joseph Greenberg prepared the most recent and accurate attempt at classifying African languages based on the principals of Indo-European languages. The four main language families according to this classification are: Niger-Kordofanian, Nilo-Saharan, Afro-Asiatic, and Khoisan.
    Niger-Kordofanian languages are found from Senegal to the Cape of Good Hope. The most original in this classification is the Benue-Congo which includes all the Bantu languages found dispersed over most of eastern, central, and southern Africa. Swahili, grammatically Bantu, is widely used as a lingua franca in eastern Africa.

    17. Endangered Language Research (C:\Mes Documents\EBLUL\Endangered%20languages.pdf)
    All except Nama and sandawe (in Tanzania) are endangered. Endangered languages in africa. Center http//srch.slav.hokudai.ac.jp indigenous peoples of the
    http://ww2.lingualia.net:8080/agares/Public/sciences/sociolinguistics/endangered

    18. Joshua Project - Peoples By Country Profiles
    People Name General sandawe. Language. Primary Language sandawe. Language Code (ROL3) SBR, Ethnologue Listing. indigenous Fellowship of 100+
    http://www.joshuaproject.net/peopctry.php?rop3=108634&rog3=TZ

    19. MSN Encarta - Africa
    related to them are the sandawe of central they represent a surviving indigenous Khoikhoi population or is considered synonymous with how people are identified
    http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572628_8/Africa.html
    MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items African Art and Architecture African Languages more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks
    Africa
    News Search MSNBC for news about Africa Internet Search Search Encarta about Africa Search MSN for Web sites about Africa Also on Encarta Encarta guide: The Reagan legacy Compare top online degrees Proud papas: Famous dads with famous kids Also on MSN Father's Day present ideas on MSN Shopping Breaking news on MSNBC Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Page 8 of 18 Africa Multimedia 159 items Dynamic Map View map of Africa Article Outline Introduction Natural Environment People of Africa Economy ... History B African Languages The number of distinctive languages spoken in Africa is open to debate. Some experts put the number at around 2,000, while others count more than 3,000. Virtually all of these languages originated in Africa. The most widely spoken indigenous African language is Swahili, spoken by nearly 50 million Africans, followed by Hausa and Yoruba, each with more than 20 million speakers. Several languages have only a few thousand speakers. Scholars generally recognize four African language families: Niger-Congo, Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan, and Khoisan.

    20. June-July 1989
    joint survey trip that summer to investigate unreached peoples among whom among a population of 40,000 and no indigenous church, the sandawe seemed ideal
    http://www.missionfrontiers.org/1989/0607/jj8910.htm
    BACK ISSUES June/July 1989 DIRECTORY Editorial Comment Nothing Fails Like Success Christian Endeavor ... At the Center Brown notes that social restructuring, begun at Tanzanian independence in 1961, prompted an unprecedented ripeness for the gospel among many tribes, and many people have come to faith in Christ. Yet at least 19 tribes remain unreached. The committee began informal correspondence with the Africa Inland Church of Tanzania (AICT, the indigenous church planted by AIM) about partnering in outreach to an unreached tribe. The AICT replied that it favored such a partnership. Composed primarily of 1100 congregations of the Sukuma tribe, the AICT has been heavily involved in outreach to unbelieving Sukumas, but not in cross-cultural evangelism. Cedar Crest Church raised $10,000 for the trip and sent Boone, elder Glenn Miller, and deacon John LoRusso to Tanzania in July 1988. During the month-long trip, one tribe arrested their attention. The animistic Sandawe of north-central Tanzania appeared ready to hear the gospel. And, with five known believers among a population of 40,000 and no indigenous church, the Sandawe seemed ideal for missionary outreach. The Cedar Crest team returned to Pennsylvania and reported its findings. The mission committee encouraged the elders to lead the church in officially adopting the Sandawe; the resolution passed in November 1988. For further information, contact: Cliff Boone, Cedar Crest Bible Fellowship Church, 1151 S. Cedar Crest Blvd., Allentown, PA 18103.

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