61. Samoa Posters its independence on January 1, 1962 as (western) samoa, making it the of samoa Demographics Main article Demographics of samoa culture Main article http://www.jdhodges.com/posters/samoa-posters-20327.html

30-day Returns and 100% Satisfaction Guarantee on Samoa Posters Samoa Store Frontpage Categories Note: Check the complete listing at AllPosters for more Samoa products (get 15% off with this coupon too!) June SALE, 15% off every poster and art print! At checkout, use coupon code: Tattoo 20x16 Poster We currently carry approximately 1 Samoa products. Checkout our text only poster list (for faster load times.) Sitemap: search 150,000 posters, browse category list , browse artist list, buy posters or find photos . (Brand new Harry Potter Poster and Spiderman 2 Posters for immediate sale online plus classic Bruce Lee Posters We make it cheap and easy to buy Samoa posters. Samoa Information Samoa Western Samoa until 1997, German Samoa from 1900 to 1914) is a country comprising a group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean. Samoa Image:westasmarms22.PNG (In Detail) (Full size) National motto: Xxxxx image:LocationSamoa.png Official languages Capital Apia Capital's coordinates 13° 35' S, 172° 20' W Chief Malietoa Tanumafili II Prime Minister Tuila'epa Sailele Malielegaoi Area - Total - % water Population - Total (2003) Independence - date from New Zealand January 1, 1962

62. Intersections: Redefining Fa'afafine: Western Discourses And The Construction Of samoan culture, drawing on samoa s primitive past in an implicit lament that thesemore natural ways have been lost to the spread of (western) civilisation http://wwwsshe.murdoch.edu.au/intersections/issue6/schmidt.html

Issue 6, August 2001 Redefining Fa'afafine: Western Discourses and the Construction of Transgenderism in Samoa Johanna Schmidt But I would like to pursue a masters degree with a paper on homosexuality from a Samoan perspective that would be written for educational purposes, because I believe some of the stuff that has been written about us is quite wrong. University educated fa'afafine respondent, Samoa. Now that homosexuality is relatively as a controversial issue in popular culture, transgenderism has become the new sexual of the media. In the weeks leading up to writing the first draft of this paper, transgenderism appeared on New Figure 1 : At Auckland's Pasifica Festival, February 2001 Zealand television screens in the prime time Ally McBeal , the teen parody show Popular , and the adult comedy Sex in the City , while Auckland's lifestyle magazine Metro featured an 'expose' on the hijra of India, complete with colourful illustrations. Auckland has a special relationship with non-Western forms of transgenderism fakaleiti The Samoan word fa'afafine literally translates as 'in the manner of a woman'. Fa'afafine are biological males who express feminine gender identities in a range of ways.

63. American Samoa Historic Preservation Office -- Bibliography Additional Radiocarbon Dates for (western) Polynesia. American samoa Councilon culture, Arts and Humanities, Pago Pago. 1992. http://www.ashpo.org/bibliography.htm

Executive Offices of the Governor American Samoa Government Bibliography Archaeology and Anthropology references related to Samoa Bernstein, Richard, 1983. Samoa: A Paradise Lost? New York Times Magazine April 24. Best, S., 1992. Fortifications in Fiji and Samoa: Comparisons and Predictions. Archaeology in New Zealand 1993. At the Halls of the Mountain Kings: Fijian and Samoan Fortifications: Comparision and Analysis. The Journal of the Polynesian Society. 1994. A Short Site Survey in Western Samoa; Preliminary Results. Archaeology in New Zealand pp. 23-34. Best, S., P. Sheppard, R. Green and R. Parker, 1992. Necromancing the stone: archaeologists and adzes in Samoa. The Journal of the Polynesian Society. Brophy, Kirsten Reinhardt, 1986. Tulauta and the Maupua Adze Quarry: The Lithic Manufacturing Center of Samoa. Unpublished M.A. Thesis, Department of Anthropology, Brown University. Caton, Hiram (Ed.), 1990.

64. American Samoa Historic Preservation Office -- History had a profound impact on the samoans and their culture. and Fagalele Boy s Schoolat the (western) end of Other Pacific Islanders came to samoa as missionaries http://www.ashpo.org/history.htm

Executive Offices of the Governor American Samoa Government Cultural History of American Samoa The Samoan people are Polynesians whose ancestors settled the archipelago about 3,000 years ago. The people who brought the Lapita Cultural Complex to the Samoan archipelago were seafarers who had occupied Historic properties in American Samoa that are associated with Euro-Americans, both military (discussed below) and otherwise, are usually distinctive in their use of some sort of concrete materials. Historic properties from the last two centuries that are associated primarily with Samoans tend to be very much like prehistoric Samoan remains. Fortifications, ceased to be used once the European powers eliminated local warfare. Quarries were abandoned with the introduction of metal tools, and star mounds ceased to be used due to the influence of the missionaries; however, villages retained their basic structure. When the Samoan Islands were partitioned according to the provisions of the Tripartite Convention in 1899, the United States acquired the eastern islands, while Germany took control of 'Upolu, Savai'i, Manono and Apolima, whose total area is 1,120 square miles. These islands now comprise the Independent State of Western Samoa, which New Zealand forces wrested from the Germans in 1914, maintaining control of them until 1962.

65. Archaeology Of American Samoa Bibliography samoan Material culture. Honolulu, Hawaii, Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 75.Buist, AG (1967). “Field survey in Savai i (western) samoa.” New Zealand http://www.tamug.edu/mast/aasu/bib.html

Selected Works on American Samoan Archaeology and Related Subjects Bernstein, R. (1983). Samoa: A Paradise Lost? New York Times Magazine. Brophy, K. R. (1986). Tulauta and the Maupua Adze Quarry: The Lithic Manufacturing Center of Samoa. Department of Anthropology, Brown University. Buck, P., Sir (1930). Samoan Material Culture. Honolulu, Hawaii, Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 75. Caton, H. E. (1990). The Samoa Reader: Anthropologists Take Stock. New York, University Press of America. Clark, J. T. (1980). Historic Preservation in American Samoa: Program Evaluation and Archaeological Site Inventory. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honoluli, HI. Clark, J. T. and D. J. Herdrich (1988). The Eastern Tutuila Archaeological Project: 1986 Final Report, American Samoa Historic Preservation Office. Clark, J. T. and M. G. Michlovich (1996). “An early settlement in the Polynesian homeland: excavations at "Aoa valley" Tutuila Island.” Journal of Field Archaeology 23(2): 151-167. Clark, J. T., E. Wright, et al. Interactions Within and Beyond the Samoan Archipelago: Evidence from Basaltic Rock Geochemistry. Prehistoric Long-distance Interaction in Oceania: An Interdisciplinary Approach. M. I. Weisler, New Zealand Archaeological Association Monograph.

66. Western Samoa Travel And Accomodation Guide Includes (western) samoa accommodation reviews, scuba diving and surfing vacations,honeymoon backpacking and adventure travel and history, nature and culture. http://www.pacific-travel-guides.com/samoa-islands/western-samoa.html

Western Samoa Travel and Accommodation Guide Western Samoa Travel and Tour Directory Comprehensive western samoa travel guide with pictures and maps. Includes western samoa accommodation reviews, scuba diving and surfing vacations, honeymoon and wedding venues, backpacking and adventure travel and history, nature and culture. please choose from the following guides: Western Samoa Travel Guide Western Samoa Hotel Guide Picture Tour and Maps The main island in Western Samoa is Upolu with its picturesque capital Apia overlooking the harbour and tropical hills. Apia has an excellent selection of hotels and restaurants making this a popular base for sightseeing. Mountains, traditional villages and gorgeous beaches are found along the entire southern coastline with refreshing waterfalls in the interior. Upolu can be driven around in a day (driving is on the right) although at least four days are needed to explore its hidden attractions and experience its lifestyle. The largest island is neighbouring Savai'i, an hour by ferry from Upolu. Savai'i has an even more traditional village society and has some beautiful natural attractions including blowholes, virgin forests canopy walks, some lovely beaches and active volcanoes (the last eruption was in 1911) making this a geologists haven. Between the two main islands are several smaller islands with traditional villages and interesting archaeological sites. Tourism is low key and you won't find any of the large international hotels here. You'll find plenty of small beach bungalows (fales) with thatch roofs, some quite luxurious but others very basic. Surfing is excellent and scuba diving good in places although sailing is limited as there are not many islands in the group. This is the cheapest destination for travelling in the South Pacific making it the ideal choice for backpackers and discerning travellers wanting to escape the more commercial South Pacific neighbours.

67. Zeal.com - United States - New - Travel - Destinations - Australia & Oceania - C nu/samoa2.htm Presents visitors with a packaged guide to (western) samoa, includingmany photographs, maps, and details about the people, history and culture. http://zeal.com/category/preview.jhtml?cid=571012

68. 4Reference || Samoa as a United Nations trusteeship until the country received its independence on January1, 1962 as (western) samoa. Main article Demographics of samoa culture. http://www.4reference.net/encyclopedias/wikipedia/Samoa.html

Front Page Encyclopedias Dictionaries Almanacs ... Quotes Samoa Samoa Western Samoa until 1997, German Samoa from 1900 to 1914) is a country comprising a group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean Samoa coat of arms (In Detail) (Full size) National motto: Xxxxx Official languages Samoan, English Capital Apia, Samoa Capital's coordinates 13° 35' S, 172° 20' W monarch/president Xxxxx Area - Total - % water Ranked 165th Population - Total (2003) Density Ranked 173th Independence - date from New Zealand January 1 Currency tala (WST) Time zone UTC National anthem The Banner of Freedom Internet TLD .ws Calling Code History Main article: History of Samoa Settled as early as 1000 BC, Samoa was "discovered" by European explorers in the 18th century. International rivalries in the latter half of the 19th century were settled by an treaty in which Germany and the US divided the Samoan archipelago. Shortly after the outbreak of World War I , in August 1914, New Zealand sent an expeditionary force to sieze and occupy German Samoa. This was to stop German Samoa being used a naval refueling base in the Pacific. The German forces on the islands did not surrender, nor did they put up a fight. German Samoa was renamed Western Samoa, New Zealand continued the occupation of Western Samoa throughout World War I. In , under the Treaty of Versailles, Germany dropped its claims to the islands and they were granted to New Zealand as a mandate. New Zealand administered Western Samoa under the auspices of the

69. What Women Want-What Men Want From her research Mead concluded (western) notions of sex by Derek Freeman, authorof Mead and samoa, suggests that fit her ideal image of samoan culture (p. 210 http://bellarmine.lmu.edu/faculty/mmills_fp/Sexdiffs/spr01/panel1.htm

What Women Want-What Men Want Why the Sexes Still See Love and Commitment So Differently John Marshall Townsend Chapter 10 Are Men and Women Alike Around the Globe? Study of Sex in China and Samoa Presented by:             In chapter ten of his book, Are Men and Women Alike Around the Globe, John Townsend, discusses the dichotomous views of sex issues and gender differences in two cultures. Although China and Samoa are two very different countries, issues regarding sex are very much a part of their cultures. "Polynesian cultures were certainly among the most tolerant regarding women having casual sex; the People’s Republic of China was one of the most restrictive" (p. 209). Townsend uses researchers such as Martin Whyte and William Parish (China), Margaret Mead (Samoa) and a few others who have examined sexual relations in each culture. Through their data, Townsend discusses and critiques their conclusions of sexual relations in Samoa and China.             Townsend begins by explaining that the "differences in sexual behavior have traditionally been most pronounced among the upper classes of agrarian kingdoms, where men vehemently strive to control female sexuality. Even in relatively permissive cultures, however, casual sex for women diminished their value as mates and thus damaged their reputations" (p. 209). Margaret Mead, a legendary American anthropologist and author, studied Samoan adolescent women and found them to be much more sexually promiscuous than American women. From her research Mead concluded "Western notions of sex differences between males and females in our society are totally a product of our cultural conditioning" (p. 210). However, further research in Samoa by Derek Freeman, author of

70. Travel We can be heroes, just for one day. The ancient heart of samoa. This enchantingPacific island has retained its strong culture despite (western) influences. http://travel.independent.co.uk/ausandpacificrim/story.jsp?story=359955

71. Commentary Magazine - Margaret Mead And Samoa, By Derek Freeman depicting Margaret Mead s samoa, Freeman, who spent time in (western) samoa as a demandsupon any, as Mead would have it, samoa has a culture in which it http://www.commentarymagazine.com/Summaries/V77I1P80-1.htm

var AID="07701080_1"; Margaret Mead and Samoa, by Derek Freeman Buchholz, Todd G. DEREK FREEMAN'S refutation of one of the heroes of American academia has incited responses from many angry social scientists. The ensuing controversy has raised questions not just about the... ...Centre for Conflict Studies, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, N.B., E3B 5A3, Canada, Telephone' (506)453-497880/COMMENTARY JANUARY 1984 on behavior could be used to feed social conservatism and racial backlash in the United States... ...The inevitable trend in anthropology is toward a synthesis of biologic and cultural determinism, and this is as it should be... ...Many Samoans, in fact, have called Miss Mead a liar... ...Ironically, however, it is not... ...Americans will have similar experience with the Polish Jew, whose . peculiar mentality... ...To understand humans, one must dissect their environs, the external forces which shape varied characters... ...Most frightening about Grant were his credentials... ...Cultural determinism urges that man is, in the words of Margaret Mead's friend Ruth Benedict, "unbelievably plastic... ...Still, even if one eliminates all of the data adduced from other Samoan islands, Freeman does provide enough testimony to argue convincingly the case against pure cultural determinism: coming of age in Samoa is not that different from coming of age in, say, San Francisco...

72. Regional, Oceania, American Samoa: Society And Culture Related links of interest RegionalOceaniasamoaSociety and culture. Pacific GenWebsamoa Genealogy and local history for (western) samoa and American samoa. http://www.combose.com/Regional/Oceania/American_Samoa/Society_and_Culture/

Top Regional Oceania American Samoa ... Religion Related links of interest: Regional:Oceania:Samoa:Society and Culture Pacific GenWeb Samoa - Genealogy and local history for Western Samoa and American Samoa. Sooalo Mao - Contains links to commercial and home page sites in Samoa. This category contains a list of sub-categories for society and culture sites located in American Samoa. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor The combose.com directory is based on the Open Directory and has been modified and enhanced using our own technology. About ComboSE Download Combose Toolbar

73. LookSmart - Directory - Samoa Directory Listings About. Independent State of (western) samoa culture and HistoryAbout.com s John Fischer provides a variety of study resources relating to the http://search.looksmart.com/p/browse/us1/us317836/us317911/us53828/us71957/us554

@import url(/css/us/style.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); Home IN the directory this category YOU ARE HERE Home Library Humanities History Samoa - Find historical overviews of this group of islands in the Pacific, 1700 miles north east of New Zealand. Directory Listings About Independent State of Western Samoa Culture and History About.com's John Fischer provides a variety of study resources relating to the history and culture of Independent Samoa. Samoa - A Brief History Chronicles the ancient, colonial and modern history of Samoa, formerly called Western Samoa. Samoa - History and Government Details the ancient, colonial and modern history of Samoa and includes a guide to its current system of government. Samoa, History - Lonely Planet World Guide Chronicles the ancient and modern history of Samoa, now known as the Independent State of Samoa as of 1995. Includes a map. Samoa, History - Pacificnavigator.com Travel guide provides a concise history of Western Samoa, now officially called Samoa as of 1997. Western Samoa, History - Infoplease.com

74. PacificGenWeb: Resources (western) samoa Flag. samoa Chat; South Pacific Online Forum; Tongan History AssociationForum; Virtual Yokwe Eok; alt.culture.hawaii; soc.culture.asean; soc.culture http://www.rootsweb.com/~pacifgw/resources.htm

This site is hosted by RootsWeb Resources Here is a collection of general resources of interest to genealogists researching their Pacific Islands genealogy. Browse by country or by topic Resources by Country South Pacific Organizer American Samoa American Samoa Flag Governments on the WWW: Samoa, American ... Western Samoa Flag Resources by Topic Flags Flags of the World Forums and Newsgroups Cook Islands Bulletin Board Fiji Bula Forum Guam Yahoo! Groups Island Time - Discussion Forum for Pacific Islanders in Europe ... soc.genealogy.australia+nz General Commonwealth War Graves Commission Genealogical Gleanings - Royal and Noble Lineages Joseph Matua's - Samoa and I Government Directory of the World's Embassies and Consulates Governments History de Young Museum Collections: Oceanic Art Hawaii Research Center for Futures Studies The Journal of Pacific History Polynesian Migrations ... Polynesian Voyaging Society Libraries Center for World Indigenous Studies Institute for Global Communications Progressive Directory National Library of Australia - Pacific Collection National Library of New Zealand, Te Puna Matauranga o Aotearoa ... The World-Wide Web Virtual Library of Pacific Studies Maps EarthRISE Excite - Travel Guide - Countries in Oceania Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection Museums The Bishop Museum Archives (Hawaii) Pacific Islands Association of Libraries and Archives Pacific Manuscripts Bureau Pan Pacifica News The CocoNET Wireless - Pacific Islands News and Information Pictures The Centre for Cross-Cultural Research Moving Images of the Pacific Islands Place Names

75. Western Samoa Visa Information - Tourist Visas, Business Visas, Expedited Visas Travel Document Systems; A Washington DC Passport and Visa Service, with online Visa Applications for many countries. the continent above for a map of (western) samoa. Please Select the Topic for http://www.traveldocs.com/ws

Click on the continent above for a map of Western Samoa. Please Select the Topic for which you need detailed information. Entry and Visa Requirements: Entry Requirements Visa Requirements/Validity/Costs Print Visa Application About Western Samoa and Its People: People Geography History Culture ... Government Travel Conditions: Embassy/Consulate Addresses Foreign Relations Travel Advisories Travel Tips ... Health/Vaccinations Other Links: Destination on Lonely Planet Current Afffairs, Reference Data and Internet Links U.S. Department of State Consular Information Sheet A ... Travel Document Systems Washington DC Office 925 Fifteenth Street N.W. Suite 300 Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: 1-800-874-5100 Local: 202-638-3800 Fax: 202-638-4674 support@traveldocs.com San Francisco Office One Embarcadero Center Suite 500 San Francisco, CA 94111

76. A Hand Picked Selection Of More Than 100 Sites About Samoa, American Samoa And T Embodied Art Cultural Identity and Tattooing in samoa, A Tattoo History Source Booksamoa, How samoan tattoos have influenced (western) tattooing and how http://www.samoa.co.uk/lucys-links.html

[ HOME ] This section contains a list of links to other web pages dealing with Samoa, as you can imagine there isn't very much about. If you know of any others please let me know so that I can add them to the list. Government - Politics - Law Samoan / Polynesian Resources Samoan Language - Linguistics Samoan / Polynesian History and Culture ... Religion Government - Politics - Law Samoan Government Ministers Who's who in the Samoan govenment. Department of Trade, Commerce and Industry The web site of the Samoan Government's Department of Trade, Commerce and Industry. Samoa a political overview Information about the government of Samoa Pacific Law Materials - Samoa - Judgements Selected Samoan judgements held on the University of the South Pacific website in Vanuatu. Pacific Law Materials - Samoa - Legislation Selected Samoan legislation held on the University of the South Pacific website in Vanuatu. Elections In Samoa Brief details of the current state of the Samoan Parliament. The Government of Western Samoa An excellent series of pages funded by the Samoan Government. Perhaps a bit garish in places, but then the islands have always been a very colourful place. 26th Legislature of American Samoa 1999 - 2000 A list of all the members of the 26th American Samoan legislature.

77. Samoa - Samoan Culture the most important aspects of samoan culture, to the was the churches seeking to introduceWestern philosophies and to the arrival of missionaries samoa had a http://www.samoa.co.uk/music&culture.html

Fa'a Samoa Fa'a Samoa, means the Samoan Way. This is an all encompassing concept that dictates how Samoans are meant to behave. It refers to the obligations that a Samoan owes their family, community and church and the individuals sense of Samoan identity. The concept of respect is also very important. You must always respect you betters, this includes those older than you, matais, ministers, politicians doctors and teachers. This unquestioning demand for respect is taking its toll in modern Samoa as the younger generation, which is invariably better educated than its predecessors, constantly finds itself trying to balance the demands of a conservative Samoan society with its knowledge of the world, increasingly gathered from overseas education and experience. This has lead to one of the highest suicide rates in the world. Fa'a Samoa is also evident in the legal system which is actually two seperate systems, a western style system administered by a police force and justice department, and a traditional system administered at a village level. The two systems do occaisionally come into conflict with one another but generally things work smoothly enough. Modified: 23/11/97 Matai System The word matai means chief, and is an honour that is bestowed upon someone. The role of the matais is very complex and interwoven deep into the fabric of Samoan culture and history. Matais have family, civic, political and prior to the arrival of the European, religious duties to perform.

78. Western Samoa - Page 6 In European cultures, the individual is expcted to grow toward individuality and Whatwill happen if (western) samoa s population increases to the extent that http://www.merriewood.com/pacific/wsamoa6.html

Deep in the interior of Upolu and Savai'i there exist sites that very few Samoans know about and even fewer have ever visited. This photo, taken deep in the jungle-clad interior of Upolu, shows all that remains of an ancient structure associated with the Fe'e, or Octopus God. Two men in the photo, more interested in the giant ta'amu plant and its edible root than in the archeological site, are clearing vegetation from all that remains of the temple. Getting to the Fale ole Fe'e requires an extremely rugged half-day of walking through the jungle. In the last century, only a handful of curious Europeans and a few Samoan hunters in search of wild boar have ever seen it. 6B (left) and 6C (right) What forces and experiences made a Samoan "Samoan"? What makes a Samoan "tick"? We must be careful not to overgeneralize. In every culture, individuals differ. Nevertheless there are recurring features in the early childhood training of most Samoans, and these are extremely important in shaping the "modal Samoan personality." From the moment they are born, Samoans begin learning their place in society, the roles they are expected to play, and the necessity of conforming to custom. In a culture offering people little privacy, disagreements must be kept to a minimum, and angry or troubling expressions must be repressed.

79. Western Society - Encyclopedia Article About Western Society. Free Access, No Re To explain what is typical of (western) society and (western) culture, we must firstdefine what constitutes the West (also called the Occident (See (western) culture http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Western society

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Western society Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition For alternative meanings for "The West" in the United States For other uses see United States (disambiguation) The United States of America U.S.A. ), also referred to as the United States U.S. America the States , is a federal republic in North America and the Pacific Ocean (the islands of Hawaii, and the Aleutians). It extends from the Atlantic coast in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It shares land borders with Canada in the north and Mexico in the south, shares a marine border with Russia in the west, and has a collection of districts, territories, and possessions around the world including Puerto Rico, Midway Atoll, and Guam. The country has fifty states, which have a level of local autonomy. A United States citizen is usually identified as an Click the link for more information. , see The West (U.S.) The U.S. West Location in the U.S. Population: Total Area: Largest City: Los Angeles, California 3,694,820 Highest Elevation: Mount McKinley 6,194 m

80. South Sea Transgendered The more outrageous ones, in samoa and Tonga at least, are however today often Westernculture has changed the fa’afafine culture into something very showy http://www.transgenderzone.com/features/Samoa.htm

Home Login Shop Forums ... Library South Sea TG Transgender Culture in the South Pacific In Samoa, it is often said, “the most beautiful women are men”. For Samoa, as with all Polynesian countries, has a lively culture of cross-dressing men. It is a culture that has shocked, bemused and enchanted foreign missionaries, traders and tourists for many years. At the end of the eighteenth century, a British merchant ship stopped at Tahiti to take on provisions. One of the ship’s officers, George Mortimer, wrote: “One of the gentlemen who accompanied me on shore took it into his head to be very much smitten with a dancing girl but what was his surprise to find this supposed damsel, when stripped of her theatrical paraphernalia, a smart dapper lad.” Today, many tourists watching dance performances in Aggie Grey’s Hotel in Apia, or even strutting their stuff in the night clubs of Auckland, are unaware that many of the graceful, long-legged Polynesian women dancing so elegantly are, in fact, men. But they’re only biologically men. These people, referred to by anthropologists as being ‘gender liminal’ (an anthropological term meaning on the border or free of restrictions), mostly prefer to identify as women rather than as gay men or as a third gender. “I am a woman,” said one, Melanie, defiantly, when I asked her what people thought about seeing a man in a dress. With modern medical advances a few are now taking hormones and having sex changes to become biological women, but this is still rare. Such transgender men go under different names. In French Polynesia and Hawaii they are known as mahu. In Samoa as fa’afafine and in Tonga as fakaleiti. Both these last words mean like a lady. Using equivalent western terms is something they often object to.

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