81. NOAA - Office Of Protected Resources - Endangered Species Conservation NOAA Fisheries or the National Marine Fisheries Service strategic plan contains three goals; rebuild and maintain sustainable fisheries, promote the recovery of protected species, protect and Overview of the endangered species Act of 1973. endangered species Act Text threatened and endangered species Under the ESA implementation of the endangered species Act of 1973 (ESA http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/prot_res/overview/es.html

"conserving protected marine resources and maintaining marine biodiversity" ESA Information Overview of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 Endangered Species Act Text Recovery Plans for listed species Biennial Report to Congress on Recovery Activities under the ESA ... Permits Endangered Species Conservation The NMFS Office of Protected Resources (OPR) is charged with the implementation of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA) for marine and anadromous species. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service implements programs and regulations for terrestrial and freshwater species under the ESA. The Office serves as the principal liaison for NMFS with environmental organizations, industry, other Federal and state agencies, the academic community and works with the NMFS Regions and Fisheries Science Centers on the conservation and recovery of species listed under the ESA. OPR develops, implements, and administers programs for the protection, conservation, and recovery of species protected under the ESA. The Office also develops and implements policies, procedures, and regulations for permits to take listed species according to the

82. Endangered Species Act - Salmon: Laws d) Rules for Pacific salmon, NMFS; A Citizen s Guide to the 4(d) Rule for Threatenedsalmon and Steelhead on the West Coast, NMFS; The endangered species Act A http://www.mrsc.org/Subjects/Environment/esa/esalaws.aspx

document.write("") document.write("") document.write("") document.write("") document.write("") document.write("") document.write("") State Salmon Recovery Office Funding Sources New MRSC Library Acquisitions Selected MRSC Library Holdings:Environmental Review and the State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) ... Sample Local Government Docs document.write("") Subjects Environment ESA Printer Friendly Updated 10/03 Laws, Court Decisions, and Regulations Contents Federal Tribal Rights State Court Decisions Federal The following list includes some of the significant federal laws relating to protection of salmon and other fish species: The Endangered Species Act (ESA) The Endangered Species Act (ESA) was enacted in 1973 to establish a program to identify and conserve species of fish, wildlife, and plants that are declining in population to the point where they are now, or maybe within the foreseeable future, at the risk of extinction. The ESA prohibits killing or harming an endangered species in any way, including significant modification of critical habitat for the species. It requires federal agencies to develop programs to conserve and to help recover endangered and threatened species. Under the ESA, a species likely to become extinct in the foreseeable future is categorized as "endangered"; one likely to become endangered is categorized as "threatened." Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.

83. MBNMS Ecosystems Observations 1998 - ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta). threatened. None. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchustshawytscha) spring. Canidatae for endangered Listing. threatened. http://www.mbnms.nos.noaa.gov/educate/newsletters/1999Eco/Pages/endangered.html

Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary ENDANGERED AND THREATENED SPECIES MBNMS Home Introduction Sancutary Program Accomplishments Intertidal Systems ... Credits Sea Otters in the Sanctuary A Reversing what had been a generally slow but positive growth trend, the California otter population began an apparent decline in 1994 that persists in 1998. (See Figure 1.) Sea Otter Survey Data Spring Fall Year Total Pups Total Pups PPI SPR% FAL% %Dead (PPI Pup Production Index; SPR%C % Change Total Otters, Spring; FALL%C % Change Total Otters, Fall; %DEAD % Dead as Percent of Spring Count) Survey counts can fluctuate from year to year without providing proof that the population is actually declining. However, there has been an overall decline of 11 percent between the Spring 1995 and Spring 1998 counts, a downward trend that has persisted for three years and appears real. If this rate of decline continues, the California sea otter population may qualify for an "endangered" listing under the ESA as early as the year 2000. Hand in hand with the decreased numbers from the surveys, and supporting the sense that the decline is indeed real, has been an increase in the number of dead otters recovered each year since around 1991 (shown in Figure 1 as a proportion of total otters counted the previous spring).

84. Background Information: Endangered Species Act of Puget Sound chinook salmon in the Federal Register endangered and ThreatenedSpecies West Coast Chinook salmon; listing status change; proposed rule. http://www.metrokc.gov/exec/esa/background.htm

Endangered Species Act home What we're doing for salmon What you can do for salmon Background information Background information: Visuals Endangered Species Act information Other sources Salmon info Visuals: Northwest Salmon, Northwest People: explore the connections Endangered Species Act information: Proposed 4(d) Rule covering Puget Sound chinook salmon (322K .pdf) 4(d) rule proposed by National Marine Fisheries Service governing "take" of Puget Sound chinook and six other threatened salmon populations. This rule provides guidance on what activities are likely to be in violation of the ESA. NMFS slideshow on the proposed 4(d) rules (external link) The Endangered Species Act and habitat conservation plans Adobe Acrobat (PDF) version (128K .pdf) Endangered Species Act and Habitat conservation plans (HCPs) The ESA and local governments (external link) Information on 4(d) Rules National Marine Fisheries Service fact sheet. Endangered Species Act Response: Integrating WRIA Plans and 4(D) Rules (51K Acrobat .pdf) Endangered Species Act Response: 4(D) Rules (75K Acrobat .pdf)

85. Endangered Species Of North America North Cascades National Park threatened and endangered about Maine s Native AtlanticSalmon runs. CENTER FOR REPRODUCTION OF endangered species (CRES) Large http://www.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/depts/edu/textbooks/species.html

Endangered Species Resources compiled by Debby Marocchini compiled in EDU 360 or EDU 553 or other Ed. Tech. Courses at Eastern Connecticut State University contact David Stoloff if you have any questions last updated 1/4/01 The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is a part of the United States government. Our headquarters office is in the Department of the Interior building at 1849 C Street NW, Washington DC 20240 FLORIDA'S ENDANGERED SPECIES, THREATENED SPECIES AND SPECIES OF SPECIAL CONCERN NUMERICAL SUMMARY OF SPECIES LISTED BY STATE AND FEDERAL AGENCIES AS ENDANGERED, THREATENED OR OTHERWISE CATEGORIZED AS OF CONCERN Wolves There are many myths about wolves that aren't true. For example, wolves are said to be violent creatures. In reality, wolves are generally quiet, peaceful creatures unless they have been frightened or are starving. They are more afraid of humans, than we are of them. Also, many people easily mistake the more agressive coyote for the wolf, as they look similar to an untrained eyes. However, because of the mis-identifications, predjudices of citizens and lawmakers alike

86. Endangered And Threatened Species - The Green Gate From NRDC Bay Area is Home to More than 100 species on theFederal endangered and threatened species List, http://www.nrdc.org/greengate/wildlife/endangeredf.asp

Bay Area is Home to More than 100 Species on the Federal Endangered and Threatened Species List Spotted a San Joaquin kit fox, California least tern, or Lange's metalmark butterfly while out and about in the Bay Area lately? Anyone who has is among a lucky few: all three Bay Area species are hovering on the brink of extinction. And they are not alone. The Bay Area's California clapper rail and salt marsh harvest mouse have also been almost completely wiped out. Species extinction has reached its highest rate since approximately 65 million years ago, when the dinosaurs disappeared. In the Bay Area, the abundance of unique species is rivaled only by their precarious status. Findings * Based on June 2001 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service report. Next

87. Endangered Species: Salmon And Steelhead Trout Listings salmon and Steelhead Trout s endangered and Threatenedspecies listings under the endangered species Act. http://www.chartingnature.com/salmon_endangered.cfm

Wild Birds Gamefish Tomelleri's World of Trout Matted Fish Prints ... Charting Nature Endangered Species: Salmon and Steelhead Trout Listings Welcome to our wildlife factoid page - a part of our free newsletter service that contains interesting facts on the animal kingdom. If you enjoy this article and want to sign up for our newsletter Click Here The desperate decline of the Northwest's signature fish prompted the National Marine Fisheries Service on March 16, 1999 to extend federal protection under the Endangered Species Act to nine runs of salmon and steelhead trout. These species reside largely across Oregon and Washington states. The area's rivers, once full of salmon, are now polluted from industrial waste, fertilizers, and household wastes that seep into the streams through storm drains. US News succinctly pointed out the problem: "Little more than a century ago, the Columbia basin - home of the Columbia, Snake, and Salmon rivers had runs of 10 to 16 million fish. Today, Idaho's Salmon River doesn't live up to its name. Last year, fewer than 10,000 wild adult salmon made it back past the last dam before Idaho. That's roughly one eighth the number that returned 30 years earlier. Idaho's Redfish Lake, not far from the headwaters of the Salmon, earned its name from a fabled sockeye salmon run that originated there, more that 900 miles from the ocean. Last year, one sockeye returned to the lake." Threatened fish include: Chinook Salmon Avg. weight:

88. De-listing Of Salmon Species Denied their hatcheryraised cousins when deciding whether to declare a species threatenedor endangered. a re-assessment of all 26 West Coast salmon and steelhead http://www.columbian.com/05152004/front_pa/145110.html

Serving Clark County, Washington News Local and national Sports Weather Traffic ... Local stocks Marketplace Classifieds Jobs Homes Cars ... Yellow Pages Only online Top Story I've Been Thinking Cort's Buzz Time Out Community Calendar Photo album History Site search Entertainment Movies Portland TV Personals ... Lottery The Columbian Privacy policy Contact us Terms of service History of The Columbian Advertise in The Columbian De-listing of salmon species denied Saturday, May 15, 2004 By ERIK ROBINSON, Columbian staff writer Buffeted by a public outcry, the Bush administration on Friday released a letter to Congress clarifying that it will not strip Endangered Species Act protection from most West Coast salmon stocks despite a new policy equating fish raised in hatcheries with their wild cousins. A draft of the administration's new hatchery policy was leaked to the press last month, causing an uproar among conservation groups, fishery scientists and congressional Democrats.

89. Threatened And Endangered Species Information Links, Natural Resources Informati Fisheries Service (NMFS) adopted a rule prohibiting the take of 14 groups of salmonand steelhead listed as threatened under the endangered species Act (ESA http://rainbow.dfw.state.or.us/nrimp/links/esa.htm

4(d) Rule Implementation Binder for Threatened Salmon and Steelhead on the West Coast This 4(d) Rule Implementation Binder describes the submittal and review process NMFS will use to evaluate programs to see if they qualify for a limit as it is defined in the final 4(d) rule for salmon and steelhead (65 FR 42422, July 10, 2000). It complements the final 4(d) rule by providing specific guidance to interested parties about: (1) what must be included in a 4(d) limit submittal; (2) the process, criteria, and schedule NMFS will use when evaluating program submittals; (3) whether and how the public will receive notice of the submittal; and (4) how a limit will be authorized. The contents of this 4(d) Rule Implementation Binder do not constitute regulation. Individuals should refer to the Federal Register notice for the regulatory language governing activities under the rule. Citizen's Guide to the 4(d) Rule for Threatened Salmon and Steelhead on the West Coast In June 2000, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) adopted a rule prohibiting the "take" of 14 groups of salmon and steelhead listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). NMFS adopted the take rule under section 4(d) of the ESA. This Citizen's Guide to the 4(d) Rule introduces and explains the rule. It complements the final rule published in the

90. AEI-Brookings Joint Center SUMMARY NMFS is issuing final determinations to list four ESUs of west coast chinooksalmon as threatened or endangered species under the endangered species http://www.aei-brookings.org/publications/abstract.php?pid=613

91. U.S. Listed Vertebrate Animal Species Report By Taxonomic Group Vertebrate Animal species Report by Taxonomic Group as of 05/24/2004 Go to theThreatened and endangered Wildlife and E, salmon, Atlantic ( Salmo salar). http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/TESSWebpageVipListed?code=V&listings=0

92. Assorted Items Related To Environmental Protection (Information Headwaters is critical habitat for many species, several of which are threatenedor endangered. The marbled murrelet, the coho salmon, the Northern Spotted Owl http://ice.ucdavis.edu/environmental_protection/threatened_and_endangered_specie

Information Center for the Environment Assorted Items Related to Environmental Protection Most of what is presented here are pointers to various Internet sources. The Information Center for the Environment makes no claims about the accuracy or suitability of these items for any purpose. New Items Current Events and Conferences Agriculture Air ... Zoos Threatened and Endangered Species Headwaters Ancient Forest Complex Headwaters Forest is the largest remaining unprotected old growth redwood forest in the world. This forest complex (over 50,000 acres) is located on the Northern California coast, (near Eureka) about 300 mi north of San Francisco. Headwaters is the last remnant of an ancient redwood ecosystem that once extended unbroken from Oregon to Central California. Headwaters is critical habitat for many species, several of which are threatened or endangered. The marbled murrelet, the coho salmon, the Northern Spotted Owl, the marten, the goshawk, the Olympic salamander, and a variety of other flora and fauna live in Headwaters. The Headwaters Ancient Forest has many sites supporting preservation; these include:

93. Endangered Species Series - Wildlife University - National Wildlife Federation It also includes courses on specific species that are endangered orthreatened (such as the gray wolf and the chinook salmon). Each http://www.nwf.org/wildlifeuniversity/endangered.cfm

About NWF Contact Us Search IN-DEPTH RESOURCES: OUR PROGRAMS WHERE WE WORK NEWSROOM Home ... Get Credit The Endangered Species Series teaches you about endangered and threatened species and the issues they face. This series, which is still in progress, contains courses about general issues that impact many different species (such as the loss of biodiversity, the importance of endangered and threatened species, and the Endangered Species Act). It also includes courses on specific species that are endangered or threatened (such as the gray wolf and the chinook salmon). Each course provides an in-depth look at important issues in interactive, educational, and entertaining ways. Most importantly, each course provides you with a variety of ways that you can make a difference for these precious wildlife species. Each course takes about a half hour to complete. Nature's Fire Alarms is the first course in the series and provides the foundation for all the other courses. This course will teach you about important concepts such as biodiversity, and it provides definitions of terms you'll encounter in the other courses. If you decide to take the Endangered Species Series, please start with this course. It introduces concepts that are expanded upon in later courses. You will also find courses on invasive species and fascinating wildlife species such as the gray wolf, whooping crane and salmon.

94. Clackamas County Water Environment Services - Salmon Conservation And Recovery at a different season salmon and Steelhead respect to federally listed endangeredspecies of wildlife to apply take prohibitions to threatened species as would http://www.co.clackamas.or.us/wes/sr/glossary.htm

9101 SE Sunnybrook Blvd. #441, Clackamas, Oregon 97015 Bids / RFP's Community Outreach Directions / Hours Frequent Questions ... Contact ESA Coordinator Clackamas County Salmon Conservation and Recovery Glossary of Terms 4(d) Rule - (ESA Section 4) The protective rule promulgated by the lead federal agency at the time it makes a final decision to list a species as threatened. This rule is developed only for a single species at a time. The content of a 4(d) rule may be a restatement of Section 9(a) prohibitions on take of a species, but also may specify activities which have been determined to be adequately regulated and therefore can be given legal coverage for the incidental take of the listed species. (Regulations developed to enforce ESA.) Endangered Species - Any species [including subspecies or qualifying distinct population segment] which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range. [ESA Section 3(6) ]. The lead federal agency for the listing of a species as endangered is responsible for reviewing the status of the species on a five-year basis. ESA - Endangered Species Act Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) - A population or group of populations of salmon that 1) is substantially reproductively isolated from other populations and 2) contributes substantially to the ecological/genetic diversity of the biological species. This term is used by NMFS in its status determinations for Anadromous salmon populations [61 FR 4721].

95. NMFS Salmon ESA Reports And Publications salmon Button. Federal Register, Vol. 64, No. 10, p. 2629, January 15, 1999 MODIFICATIONEndangered and threatened species; Request for Information on http://www.nwr.noaa.gov/1salmon/salmesa/pubs.htm

P UBLICATIONS Listed below are salmon-related status reviews, reports, and publications produced by the National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest Region, and by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center . Additional documents are available from the Science Center. Status Reviews Biological Review Team Status Review Updates Factors for Decline Conservation Efforts ... Salmon and Marine Mammals Status Reviews View File Title NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/NWC 195, April 1991 Status Review for Snake River Sockeye Salmon NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/NWC 200, June 1991 Status Review for Snake River Spring and Summer Chinook Salmon NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS F/NWC-201, June 1991 Status Review for Snake River Fall Chinook Salmon NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS F/NWC-202, June 1991 Status Review for Lower Columbia River Coho Salmon 1.3 mb pdf NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC-10, May 1993 Status Review for Oregon's Illinois River Winter Steelhead NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC-15, June 1994 Status Review for Oregon's Umpqua River Sea-Run Cutthroat Trout NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-NWFSC-19, December 1994

96. NOAA - Office Of Protected Resources The authority to list species as threatened or endangered is shared by the NationalMarine Fisheries Service (NMFS), which is responsible for listing most http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/prot_res/species/ESA_species.html

"conserving protected marine resources and maintaining marine biodiversity" Species Listed under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 The authority to list species as threatened or endangered is shared by the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), which is responsible for listing most marine species, and the Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS), which administers the listing of all other plants and animals. There are two classifications under which a species may be listed. Species determined to be in imminent danger of extinction throughout all of a significant portion of their range are listed as "endangered." Species determined likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future are listed as "threatened." Further, distinct populations may be listed even if a species is abundant in other portions of its range. The criteria for endangerment must be based solely on biological evidence and the best scientific and/or commercial data available. Moreover, additions or deletions may be proposed by anyone who presents adequate evidence of the endangered status of a species.

97. JuneauEmpire.com: State News: Suit Filed To Remove Klamath Salmon From Endangere Coho salmon and sucker fish were at the center of last in Upper Klamath Lake for theendangered sucker fish rate into Klamath River for the threatened coho of http://www.juneauempire.com/stories/020502/sta_salmon.shtml

Empire Front Page Local News Opinion Letters To The Editor ... View Weather Wind: WNW 12 Lo Tide: Hi Tide: Lo Tide: Hi Tide: Select Your City Anaktuvak Pass Anchorage Barrow Bethel Cape Newenham Cordova Denali Park Dillingham Dutch Harbor Fairbanks Galena Gustavus Haines Homer Juneau Kenai Ketchikan Kodiak Kotzebue McGrath Nenana Noon Paxson Petersburg Point Hope Port Alexander Pribilof Islands Seattle Sitka Skagway Soldotna St. Lawrence Island Talkeetna Unalakteet Valdez Wrangell Yakutat June S M T W T F S Web posted Tuesday, February 5, 2002 Suit filed to remove Klamath salmon from endangered list By ANDREW KRAMER THE ASSOCIATED PRESS PORTLAND, Ore. - Fresh from a legal victory to remove Oregon coastal coho salmon from the endangered species list, a public interest law firm filed a lawsuit today to remove the same protection for Klamath Basin coho salmon. The Pacific Legal Foundation filed the Endangered Species Act lawsuit in U.S. District Court in Eugene and asked that Judge Michael J. Hogan, who ruled in favor of the foundation in the coastal coho case, review the suit. Coho salmon and sucker fish were at the center of last year's water dispute that pitted Klamath Basin farmers against environmentalists and the Klamath Indian tribe.

98. Brochure1 first to preserve as many options as possible for saving threatened and endangeredspecies. The first draft ESA recovery plan for Pacific salmon was written http://www.nwr.noaa.gov/1salmon/salmesa/pubs/esabrochure.html

Salmon Recovery Life Cycle of the Salmon A Natural Wonder The Problem How the ESA Works ... For More Information Life Cycle of the Salmon Salmon have a five-stage life cycle. Healthy habitat conditions are crucial for the survival of each life stage. First, adult salmon lay their eggs in clean stream or lake gravels to incubate. Second, the eggs hatch and young fish seek shelter in the pools and adjacent wetlands. Third, juvenile fish leave the stream or lake, migrate downriver, and reside in the estuary to feed and adjust to saltwater for up to a year before continuing onto the ocean. Fourth, juvenile fish mature in the ocean. And fifth, adult fish return to their home stream or lake to spawn. This cycle from spawning area to the ocean and back defines Pacific salmon as “anadromous.” Most Pacific salmon die after spawning: their total energies are devoted to producing the next generation, and their bodies help enrich the stream for that generation. A Natural Wonder Salmon and the Pacific Northwest are synonymous. It’s hard to think of one without the other. Pacific salmon help define our quality of life and they are important to the region for historical, cultural, economic, and ecological reasons. This is why communities across the Pacific Northwest celebrate the annual return of salmon to local rivers, streams, and lakes. Streams from Los Angeles to the Bering Sea have been home to Pacific salmon for millions of years. Barely 150 years ago, settlers in the region found salmon populations thriving across the landscape from the rugged mountains of Idaho nearly a thousand miles inland, across the deserts of eastern Oregon and Washington, to the wet, coastal lowlands near the Pacific Ocean.

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