41. State Of The Salmon Listing Categories, Canada Special Concern (SC) A species that is particularly sensitive to human activitiesor natural events but is not an endangered or threatened species. http://www.stateofthesalmon.org/assess/page.asp?pID=24

42. Threatened And Endangered Species threatenedfederal Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch Plover (Charadrius alexandrinusnivosus), threatened-federal American delisted from endangered-federal 8/25 http://www.nps.gov/redw/threatened.html

The Endangered Species Act of 1973 deems that all federally listed endangered and threatened species be restored to the point where they are again viable, self-sustaining members of their ecological communities. Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), threatened-federal; endangered-state Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis), Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), threatened-federal Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), threatened-federal Marbled Murrelet (Brachyramphus marmoratus marmoratus), threatened-federal; endangered-state Northern Spotted Owl (strix occidentalis caurina), threatened-federal Steelhead Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), threatened-federal Steller's Sea Lion (Eumatopias jubatus), threatened-federal Tidewater Goby (Eucyclogobius newberryi), endangered-federal Western Snowy Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus), threatened-federal American Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

43. Red Lodge Clearinghouse: Endangered Species Act River in California is endangered, and many other runs of Chinook salmon are threatened,but the Chinook salmon is neither endangered nor threatened in http://www.redlodgeclearinghouse.org/legislation/esa2.html

HOME LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS ABOUT US CONTACT ... FEEDBACK Key Aspects Endangered Species If an animal or plant species is listed as "endangered," the highest level of protection the act provides, the species is considered to be in danger of extinction throughout a large part of its range. It is possible that a species can be listed as endangered in one place but not another. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) maintains a list of species that have been listed as endangered. Threatened Species For a species to be listed as "threatened," the federal government must conclude there is a significant risk that the species is going to become endangered. Threatened species have a lower risk of extinction than do "endangered" species. As a result, state and federal agencies may have some greater flexibility in how they manage a threatened species than an endangered species. The USFWS maintains a list of species that have been listed as threatened. Species Generally speaking, a "species" is a group of related plants or animals that can interbreed to produce offspring. Under the ESA, the word "species" is used more broadly to include any "subspecies" of fish, wildlife, or plants, and also any "distinct population segment" of fish and wildlife species that can interbreed. A "subspecies" is a subdivision of a species, which is genetically different from other subspecies and often is geographically separated. Examples of subspecies are the Mexican and the Northern Spotted Owls.

44. CNN.com - Bush Rule May Drop Salmon From Endangered List - May 3, 2004 often feel they are an endangered species, Borck says they were sacrificed to protectthe threatened Northern Spotted on home building near salmon habitat and http://www.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/05/03/environment.salmon.reut/

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Bush rule may drop salmon from endangered list The new rule will count salmon in hatchery tanks as wild, threatening its protection under the Endangered Species Act. RELATED Commission urges trust fund to protect oceans Salmon Conservation The Wild Salmon Center National Wildlife Federation YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Salmon Fishing Industry Environmental Issues National Marine Fisheries Service or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? SEATTLE, Washington (Reuters) A Bush administration plan to revise protections for endangered Northwest U.S. salmon drew praise from farmers and industry groups, but environmentalists and fishing advocates said future salmon runs would be gutted. Under the plan, the National Marine Fisheries Service would count salmon raised in hatchery tanks as well as wild fish when determining a species' population, according to excerpts of a draft report of the agency's plan. A final version is due in June. The plan could alter the fate of some of the 27 species of protected migratory fish if the change in the counting procedure raises population levels beyond thresholds for protection.

45. CNN - Feds List Coastal Coho As Endangered, Sparking Heated Debate - Oct. 25, 19 SAN FRANCISCO (CNN) With California s coastal coho salmon population on to protectthe fish as a threatened species under the endangered species Act. http://www.cnn.com/EARTH/9610/25/salmon/

Watch Earth Matters on CNN and CNN International. Feds list coastal coho as endangered, sparking heated debate October 25, 1996 Web posted at: 11:59 p.m. EDT SAN FRANCISCO (CNN) With California's coastal coho salmon population on the brink of extinction, the National Marine Fisheries Service said Friday it will move to protect the fish as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. The NMFS said it was deferring by six months a decision on whether to list two other coho salmon populations found in northern California and Oregon because of scientific disagreement over how many they are and the degree to which they are threatened. "We have decided to list the central California coho populations as a threatened species under the endangered specials act," said Hilda Diaz-Soltero, Fisheries Service Southwest regional administrator. The listing decision was seen as highly sensitive in an election year. California Gov. Pete Wilson, a Republican, and Oregon Gov. John Kitzhaber, a Democrat, had both asked the NMFS to delay a decision. Once a species is listed under the Endangered Species Act, industrial activity, development and water usage that could harm its habitat are closely scrutinized by the authorities, and that could lead to restrictions on logging, farming and other development.

46. California Central Coast Coho Salmon Endangered Species Petitions And Other Docu kisutch ) south of San Francisco as endangered. Central California coast coho salmonevolutionary significant unit (ESU) as a threatened species. http://www.ccfassociation.org/coho.htm

Coho Salmon In 1995 the California Fish and Game Commission listed coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) south of San Francisco as endangered. The following year the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) listed the Central California coast coho salmon evolutionary significant unit (ESU) as a threatened species. Recent scientific and historical research has raised questions concerning the historical origin of coho salmon south of San Francisco. An independent review ( "Were Coho Salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) South of San Francisco Ever Native, Indigenous?" ) has confirmed the validity of this research as presented in the 2003 "Memorandum Concerning Recovery Strategy for California Coho Salmon (CDFG, 2003) With Regard to Coastal Streams South of San Francisco" and the Addendum . CCFA is dedicated to bringing you the latest information as it becomes available. Were Coho Salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) South of San Francisco Ever Native, Indigenous? by V. W. Kaczynski, Ph.D., Certified Fisheries Scientist Emeritus. 24 April 2004. Addendum to the Petition to Redefine the Southern Extent of the Central California Coho ESU, Submitted to NOAA Fisheries on November 6, 2003.

47. Department Of Commerce, National Oceanic And Atmospheric, OGC-99-38, April 7, 19 The rules are entitled endangered and threatened species; threatened Status forThree Chinook salmon Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) in Washington http://www.gao.gov/decisions/majrule/og99038.htm

Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Endangered and Threatened Species of Salmonids, OGC-99-38, April 7, 1999 B-282397; B-282398; B-282399; B-282400 April 7, 1999 The Honorable John McCain Chairman The Honorable Ernest F. Hollings Ranking Minority Member Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation United States Senate The Honorable Thomas J. Bliley, Jr. Chairman The Honorable John D. Dingell Ranking Minority Member Committee on Commerce House of Representatives Subject:Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Endangered and Threatened Species of Salmonids Pursuant to section 801(a)(2)(A) of title 5, United States Code, this is our report on four major rules promulgated by the Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). The rules are entitled: "Endangered and Threatened Species; Threatened Status for Three Chinook Salmon Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) in Washington and Oregon, and Endangered Status for One Chinook Salmon ESU in Washington" (RIN: 0648-AM54). We received the rule on March 29, 1999. It was published in the Federal Register as a final rule on March 24, 1999. 64 Fed. Reg. 14308. "Endangered and Threatened Species: Threatened Status for Ozette Lake Sockeye Salmon in Washington" (RIN: 0648-AK52). We received the rule on March 29, 1999. It was published in the Federal Register as a final rule on March 25, 1999. 64 Fed. Reg. 14528.

48. Department Of Commerce, National Oceanic And Atmospheric Administration: Endange National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration endangered and threatened species;threatened Status for Two Chinook salmon Evolutionarily Significant Units http://www.gao.gov/decisions/majrule/og00005.htm

Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Endangered and Threatened Species; Threatened Status for Two Chinook Salmon Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) in California, OGC-00-5, October 15, 1999 B-283816 October 15, 1999 The Honorable John McCain Chairman The Honorable Ernest F. Hollings Ranking Minority Member Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation United States Senate The Honorable Don Young Chairman The Honorable George Miller Ranking Minority Member Committee on Resources House of Representatives Subject: Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: Endangered and Threatened Species; Threatened Status for Two Chinook Salmon Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) in California Pursuant to section 801(a)(2)(A) of title 5, United States Code, this is our report on a major rule promulgated by the Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), entitled "Endangered and Threatened Species; Threatened Status for Two Chinook Salmon Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) in California" (RIN: 0648-AM54). We received the rule on October 1, 1999. It was published in the Federal Register as a final rule on September 16, 1999. 64 Fed. Reg. 50394. The final rule is a continuation of actions by NOAA under the Endangered Species Act concerning evolutionarily significant units of West Coast chinook salmon. In a series of four prior rules, which were the subject of a report by our Office on April 7, 1999, NOAA listed numerous ESUs of salmon as threatened. GAO/OGC-99-38. In those rules, NOAA noted that it was continuing to gather data regarding other ESUs and would make its determination in the future. This rule is the result of that further study and concludes that two additional ESUs should be listed as threatened.

49. Welcome To Pacific Legal Foundation Challenge to Bald Eagle Listing; Comments on Federal Listing of threatened andEndangered species; Common Sense salmon Recovery v. National Marine Fisheries http://www.pacificlegal.org/view_MediaKit.asp?iMediaID=13&sTitle=Putting the End

50. 96 Suit Filed Over Klamath Basin Salmon Endangered Species Listing, Capital Pres three months Oregon coastal coho were off the threatened species list. AssociatedPress Suit Filed over Klamath Basin salmon endangered species Listing Capital http://www.bluefish.org/klamsuit.htm

the film forum library tutorial ... contact Suit Filed over Klamath Basin Salmon Endangered Species Listing by Associated Press Capital Press - January 18(?), 2002 Suit aims to overturn NMFS listing of Southern Oregon-Northern California Coho SACRAMENTO (AP) A group that won a victory against the listing of salmon as a threatened species in Oregon said Jan 10 it will file a similar suit in the farmers-vs.-fish dispute in the Klamath River basin. The suit aims to overturn the National Marine Fisheries Service threatened species listing of the Southern Oregon-Northern California coho salmon. That helped prompt the federal government's decision to shut down water deliveries to the area's farmers last spring. Attorney Russell Brooks of the Bellevue, Wash. -based Pacific Legal Foundation accused NMFS in a statement of "using junk science to advance a political agenda. Our rivers and streams are teeming with salmon, yet farmers have been pushed into bankruptcy, businesses are closing, and a way of life is being destroyed while government officials explain away listing fish that really aren't endangered at all." The dispute revolves around the interrelationship between wild and hatchery-raised salmon.

51. Ocean Trust - Briefing Book - SALMON AND MORE SALMON NMFS listed two salmon ESUs, Central Valley Springrun Chinook and California CoastalChinook ESU, as threatened species under the endangered species Act. http://www.oceantrust.org/brief_book/salmon9_99.htm

52. Conservation Groups Want Endangered Species Act Listing For Wild Salmon Only -Th coastal coho to the threatened species list while petitioned NMFS to drop Endangeredspecies Act protection for 15 different salmon and steelhead http://www.theolympian.com/home/specialsections/Critters/20020426/13365.shtml

News South Sound Communities Northwest ... Read for Life News for your wireless device var pageName="" var server="" var channel="" var pageType="" var pageValue="" var prop1="Critters" var prop2="" var prop3="Conservation groups want Endangered Species Act listing for wild salmon only" var prop4="" var prop5="" var prop6="news" var prop7="" var prop8="" var prop9="" var prop10="" var s_code=' ' The Olympian, Olympia Washington Friday, April 26, 2002 News Critters Email this story Printable version Conservation groups want Endangered Species Act listing for wild salmon only Originally published Friday, April 26, 2002 THE ASSOCIATED PRESS GRANTS PASS, Ore. Conservation groups petitioned the federal government Thursday to consider only wild salmon for protection by the Endangered Species Act to avoid the legal pitfalls of lumping them with hatchery fish. The action was intended to protect Pacific salmon from the court ruling that temporarily removed Oregon Coastal coho from the threatened species list last year and prompted a series of petitions to drop protection for more than a dozen other salmon runs. "We believe this is a simple, appropriate, and indeed elegant way of dealing with the confusion caused by the so-called Hogan decision," said Jeff Curtis, Western conservation director of Trout Unlimited, at a telephone news conference from Portland.

53. Summary Of Listed Species turtle ; for which only the threatened US population is tallied) . The dual statusUS species that are tallied as endangered are chinook salmon , gray wolf http://ecos.fws.gov/tess_public/html/boxscore.html

Summary of Listed Species Species and Recovery Plans as of 09/1/2003 Group Endangered Threatened Total Species U.S. Species with Recovery Plans** U.S. Foreign U.S. Foreign Mammals Birds Reptiles Amphibians Fishes Clams Snails Insects Arachnids Crustaceans Animal SubTotal Flowering Plants Conifers and Cycads Ferns and Allies Lichens Plant SubTotal Grand Total Total U.S. Endangered 987 (388 animals, 599 plants) Total U.S. Threatened 276 (129 animals, 147 plants) Total U.S. Species 1263 (517 animals***, 746 plants) ** There are 532 distinct approved recovery plans. Some recovery plans cover more than one species, and a few species have separate plans covering different parts of their ranges. This count include only plans generated by the USFWS or jointly by the USFWS and NMFS, and includes only listed species that occur in the United States. *** 9 animal species have dual status in the U.S. Format for printing View an archived box score Go to the Threatened and Endangered Wildlife and Plants Page Go to the TESS Home Page

54. FEMA: Region X - Threatened And Endangered Species by the National Marine Fisheries Service as being threatened or endangered in /near salmon, chinook (Snake R. fall run)(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); salmon http://www.fema.gov/regions/x/env_species.shtm

Hazards Assistance Flood Maps NPSC ... Region X Threatened and Endangered Species Search FEMA FEMA Region X About Region X Region X News Releases Disaster History ... Region X National Preparedness Division 130 228th Street, SW Bothell, WA 98021 Threatened and Endangered Species The following species are federally listed as threatened (T) or endangered (E). The species on this list are placed there by the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the US National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). These agencies are responsible for evaluating candidate species and determining if the species are in danger of going extinct (threatened) or on the brink of extinction (endangered). FWS is responsible for the species that reside on the continent, while NMFS addresses species that spend all or part of there life at sea in US waters. FEMA is required to follow all federal laws, includeing the endangered species act. To this end FEMA will not fund any project that adversely impacts threatened / endangered species, or their habitat. The environmental review is in place to make sure that this dosen’t happen. Washington - Threatened/Endangered Species List Idaho - Threatened/Endangered Species List Oregon - Threatened / Endangered Species List

55. Recovery Of Endangered Fish Species endangered species Recovery. Several runs of chinook salmon in the Nooksack Riverhave been listed as threatened under the federal endangered species Act. http://www.co.whatcom.wa.us/publicworks/water/recovery.jsp

56. Status Of Oregon's Pacific Salmon Under The Endagered Species Act A threatened species is any species that is likely to become an endangered specieswithin the means a distinctive group of Pacific salmon has been http://eesc.orst.edu/salmon/background/status.html

Status of Oregon's Pacific salmon under the Endangered Species Act Chinook Salmon 1. Southern Oregon and California Coasts (Proposed Threatened) 2. Oregon Coast (Not Warranted) 3. Lower Columbia River (Proposed Threatened) 4. Upper Willamette River (Proposed Threatened) 5. Middle Columbia River Spring-run (Not Warranted) 6. Snake River Fall-run (Listed Threatened) 6x. Snake River Fall-run (proposed extension of range of listing) 7. Snake River Spring/Summer-run (Listed Threatened) Chum Salmon 8. Pacific Coast (Not Warranted) 9. Columbia River (Proposed Threatened) Coho Salmon 10. Southern Oregon/Northern California Coasts (Listed Threatened) 11. Oregon Coast (Listed Threatened) 12. Southwest Washington/Lower Columbia River (Candidate Species) Pink Salmon No distinct population segments identified in Oregon. Sockeye Salmon No distinct population segments identified in Oregon. Sea-run Cutthroat Trout 13. Umpqua River (Listed Endangered) Other populations to be defined after completing coast-wide status review. Steelhead 14. Klamath Mountains Province (Candidate)

57. CETOS - Critical Habitat Project New Considerations for Evaluating Pesticide Impacts to endangered/threatened species(.pdf) Report to set up buffer zones in effort to protect salmon on West http://www.cetos.org/criticalhabitat.html

Agricultural Biotech Cancer / Genetics Safe Pregnancy Critical Habitat ... Home The Critical Habitat Project Program Director: Britt Bailey Using science, policy and education to protect species habitat while promoting healthy and productive agricultural systems What's New? Pesticide inventory completed for Gualala River watershed Gualala River photo credit: PT Nunn, 2003 Critical Habitat Project Mission Statement Healthy ecosystems provide benefits to our environment such as clean water and rich biodiversity. The Critical Habitat Project will improve the recovery and overall health of California's rare and endangered species and their habitats while promoting a viable agricultural sector. The Project will achieve its goals by working collaboratively with agencies and organizations to identify geographic areas where habitat for rare and threatened species and expanding farming regions overlap. In identified areas, we will inventory the use of toxic synthetic chemicals to accurately assess the risk to species and their habitat, offer landowners less toxic alternatives, and develop materials including informational handouts and data maps for the general public. Initial Project Focus and Specific Tasks Identify habitat areas for rare, endangered and threatened species

58. Spotlight: The Endangered Species Act Oregon coast and in the Columbia River additional runs of salmon are listed as endangered.What happens after a species is listed as threatened or endangered? http://www.cityoflfp.com/news/especies0500.html

City of Lake Forest Park Spotlight Series Spotlight on: The Endangered Species Act What is the Endangered Species Act (ESA)? The Endangered Species Act is a federal law. It prohibits all "taking" of a threatened or endangered species. What does "taking" mean? The term take is defined in the ESA as to "harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or attempt to engage in any such conduct." What species are listed as endangered or threatened in the Puget Sound region? In the Puget Sound the Chinook is listed as endangered. The bull trout is currently a threatened species and some people anticipate it will be listed as endangered soon. Up and down the Washington and Oregon coast and in the Columbia River additional runs of salmon are listed as endangered. What happens after a species is listed as threatened or endangered? The Endangered Species Act has two levels of protection: Threatened and Endangered. Endangered is more serious. It means a species in danger of becoming extinct. Threatened means that the population is "likely to become endangered in the foreseeable future." Endangered listings immediately trigger the full protection of the ESA. When a population is threatened there is somewhat more flexibility.

59. Eugene Salmon Homepage In March of 1999, the spring Chinook salmon in the upper Willamette River basinwas listed as a threatened species under the federal endangered species Act. http://www.ci.eugene.or.us/salmon/

ESA/Salmon Homepage Salmon Recovery Strategies You Can Help Eugene Salmon Program ... Search What's New: Public Meetings on Proposed Salmon Strategy Salmon Protection and Recovery Strategies Frequently Asked Questions About Salmon The decline of wild salmon is an issue that affects all governments, businesses and citizens in the Willamette Valley. In March of 1999, the spring Chinook salmon in the upper Willamette River basin was listed as a threatened species under the federal Endangered Species Act. This website will help you learn about our threatened salmon, where they live, what the City is doing to help, and how you can help the salmon recover. These pages are a joint effort of the Eugene Planning and Development Department and the Eugene Public Works Department. Planning and Development Public Works City Homepage Webmaster

60. Policy And Regulation - Endangered Species Act endangered and threatened species Proposed endangered Status for Two Chinook salmonESUs and Proposed threatened Status for Five Chinook salmon ESUs; Proposed http://www.krisweb.com/policy/esa.htm

Bibliography KRIS Web Home Endangered Species Act (ESA) The Endangered Species Act (ESA) was passed by Congress in 1973 to prevent the loss of biodiversity in the United States. The intent of the Act is to "provide a means whereby the ecosystems upon which threatened and endangered species depend may be conserved and to provide a program for the conservation of such endangered species and threatened species." The Secretary of Interior has jurisdiction over terrestrial species and resident fish but the Secretary of Commerce has the power to list marine organisms or anadromous fish like salmon and steelhead. Similarly, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service administers ESA for the Department of Interior while the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) has jurisdiction over anadromous species. Species may be listed if: There is present or threatened destruction, modification or curtailment of a species habitat or range, Over-utilization for commerce, recreation, science or education, Losses due to disease or predation

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