41. Endangered Species: Traded To Death These include tiger bones, rhinoceros horns, and bear gall cycle can ensue the moreendangered an animal imports of all wildcaught threatened parrots listed http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/BIO/features/BIO_fea_endangered.htm

World Resources Institute EarthTrends: The Environmental Information Portal: Text Graphics Topics Coastal and Marine Ecosystems Water Resources and Freshwater Ecosystems Climate and Atmosphere Population, Health and Human Well-being ... Environmental Governance and Institutions Tools Help Variables Country Profiles Features ... Feature Stories > Endangered Species: Traded to Death ENDANGERED SPECIES: TRADED TO DEATH Download as PDF View Notes Source: Written for for EarthTrends Author: Amy Wagener Editor: Wendy Vanasselt Date: August 2001 Summary For many endangered plants and animals, trade can mean extinction. Markets for their hides, shells, roots or other body parts are as great a threat to their lives as habitat conversion and fragmentation. Despite numerous national and international regulations to control trade in wildlife and wildlife products, including the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), illegal species trade is a multi-billion dollar business. Legal trade, too, can endanger biodiversity if not carefully monitored and regulated. Warning: trade kills. Many people don't realize when they buy a product made of an animal's hide or body, or buy a shell or piece of coral as a souvenir while on vacation, that their purchase could be contributing to the loss of endangered species. Although habitat destruction and fragmentation are the biggest threats to biodiversity on a global scale, trade in wildlife and wildlife products also seriously harms many individual species.

42. Saving America's Wildlife: Renewing The Endangered Species Act -- Defenders Of W trade in animal products such as ivory, rhinoceros horn and this accountability isestablished, the status of endangered and threatened species on public http://www.defenders.org/pubs/save09.html

Saving America's Wildlife Renewing the Endangered Species Act by William J. Snape II and Robert M. Ferris Home Special Publications Foreword Executive Summary ... Conclusion Appendix Notes Endangered Species Case Studies Ten Questions About The Endangered Species Act 1. Why do we have an Endangered Species Act? he short answer is that the Endangered Species Act ultimately protects us. The long answer involves scientific, economic, aesthetic and philosophical components. The Endangered Species Act is intended to address the serious problem of human-caused acceleration of the species extinction rate. Biologists estimate that in the past 150 years, human activities have increased the global extinction rate by hundreds if not thousands of times, producing the greatest extinction event since the decline of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. According to noted biologist E. O. Wilson, we may be losing up to 50,000 species per year, potentially resulting in the loss of more than 20 percent of the world's species by the year 2025. Humans rely on biological diversity for food, medicines, recreation and ecosystem services such as providing clean water and clean air.

43. 5.1 Species Resources be classified as either endangered or threatened An endangered species is one havingso few White rhinoceros 100; California Condor - Teens; Giant Panda - 1000; http://www.geog.ouc.bc.ca/conted/onlinecourses/geog_210/210_5_1.html

Geography 210: Introduction to Environmental Issues 5.1 Species Resources Introduction We often ignore the importance that plants and animals play in human society. Humans have used these living resources as a source of food, clothing, transportation, labor, and chemicals for industrial products and medicines. The types of species we currently use to better our lives represents only a small proportion of the total number of species currently living on this planet. Many of these species have never been classified by biological taxonomists . If fact, biologists are not completely sure how many different species live on the Earth. Estimates of how many species exist on the Earth range from 2 million to 100 million. To date, about 1.8 million species have been classified, primarily in the areas of the middle latitudes. Most of the unclassified species on this planet are invertebrates This group of organisms includes insects, spiders, mollusks, sponges, flatworms, starfish, urchins, earthworms and crustaceans. The cataloging of species in the tropical rainforest has been quite limited. Scientists estimate that this single biome may contain 50 to 90 % of the Earth's

44. Search Results For Threatened Species - Encyclopædia Britannica , rhinoceros Nearly all species of , Australia s threatened species AustralianAcademy of Science Information on endangered plants and animals. http://www.britannica.com/search?query=threatened species&fuzzy=N&ct=igv&start=6

45. Metropolitan Police: Endangered Species to be made from tiger, rhinoceros and other endangered species. The next time youhear of the tiger, elephant or rhinoceros being threatened with extinction http://www.met.police.uk/wildlife/endangered.htm

home about news contact ... search Wildlife In this section Wildlife Crime Unit Badgers Birds Endangered Species Related items in other sections of the site Crime Prevention Operation Charm Endangered Species The threat from international trade The British Government is a signatory to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) which bans the trade in species of birds, animals and plants whose wild populations are threatened. The international trade hastens the extinction of these species in the wild and, in some cases, is the principal threat to their survival. Some of the world's best known animals are among the most endangered. For example: Elephants: Elephants are killed for their tusks by poachers who sell the ivory for use in the manufacture of items of jewellery and other trinkets for sale. Tigers: Tigers are killed for their bones which are used in traditional medicines in far-eastern communities where they are believed to have healing powers. Bears: In some Asian communities a bear's gall bladder is a highly prized remedy reputedly curing a wide range of ailments from haemorrhoids to liver disease. When traded on the black market, one gram of bear gall bladder has a value similar to that of one gram of cocaine or heroin.

46. AWIC Newsletter: Congress In Session several magnificent and unique endangered species of rhinoceros the African blackrhinoceros, and all commercial exploitation has threatened certain rhinoceros http://www.nal.usda.gov/awic/newsletters/v8n3/8n3congr.htm

Animal Welfare Information Center Newsletter, Winter 1997/1998, Vol. 8 No. 3 Congress In Session by Cynthia Smith To find out the status of these or any other bills, contact the congressional bill status line at (202) 225-1772. This information is also available on the World Wide Web at http://thomas.loc.gov/bss/d105query.html (105th Congress) or http://thomas.loc.gov/d104/d104query.html (104th Congress). H.R. 2977 H.R. 2807 H.R. 752 H.R. 478 ... S. 1033 H.R. 2977 To amend the Federal Advisory Committee Act to clarify public disclosure requirements that are applicable to the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Public Administration. Introduce November 10, 1997, by Steve Horn (R-California), passed both House and Senate and cleared for the White House on November 13, 1997. This act may be cited as the "Federal Advisory Committee Act Amendments of 1997." H.R. 2807 To amend the Rhinoceros and Tiger Conservation Act of 1994 to prohibit the sale, importation, and exportation of products labeled as containing substances derived from rhinoceros or tiger. Introduced November 4, 1997, by Jim Saxton (R-New Jersey) and referred to the Committee on Resources. This act may be cited as the "Rhino and Tiger Product Labeling Act."

47. Endangered Animal Links Topics include threatened species Around the World Blue Whale, Black rhinoceros;pictures, facts SchoolWorld endangered species Project Students within the USA http://projects.edtech.sandi.net/kearny/neverland/endangerani.htm

(From Kid Info Website) American Museum of Natural History : An interesting site that includes an exhibition on endangered animals; a virtual tour of the world of endangered species; a glossary which explains terms often used in relation to endangered animals - SEARCHABLE by keyword Creature World: Click on a continent on the colorful homepage world map, to go to an interactive page introducing animals from the selected habitat. This informative site for young students is part of PBS Kids Endangered Animals: Lots of informational links to sites to facts and information about endangered animals Endangered Animals at the Oakland Zoo : Facts and Information about these endangered animals: American bison chimpanzee african elephant gibbon ocelot sunbear bengal tiger yak Endangered Means There is Still Time: A slide show by the United States Department of Fish and Wildlife Services on Endangered Animals Endangered: Exploring a World at Risk: Facts and information about Endangered Animals, Habitats, Causes of Endangerment, What Can Be Done Endangered Species: Endangered and Extinct Species Lists in the United States and World (Sorted by region, Sorted by group); Extinct Species; Images and Clickable Regional Map; Facts and Fact sheets (

48. Endanger Service and the Marine Fisheries Services are authorized to identify and listendangered or threatened species. Some endangered species. White rhinoceros. http://www.cas.muohio.edu/~wilsonkg/groups/grp5/endanger/endanger.htm

Endangered Species What is an Endangered Species? An endangered species is a species that is threatened by extinction. Extinction is a natural process, however, there are characteristics that make a particular species prone to extinction. These characteristics include: low reproduction rate, specialized feeding habits, limited habitats, specialized breeding areas, and fixed migratory patterns. Humans have sped up the rate of species extinction by habitat modification or destruction, disruption of migratory routes, pollution, and unregulated or illegal commercial use. The Endangered Species Act of 1973 The Endangered Species Act makes the importation or trade of any endangered species or product made from an endangered species illegal. The Act provides protection of endangered or threatened species both in the US and abroad. Two agencies within the Department of the Interior, the Fish and Wildlife Service and the Marine Fisheries Services are authorized to identify and list endangered or threatened species. There is a specific listing process. Once a species has been listed it becomes illegal to hunt, kill, harm, or collect any members of said species. Endangered Species lists are available from the

49. Endangered Species. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 to the US list of endangered and threatened wildlife and on International Trade inendangered species of Wild in banning the trade in rhinoceros horn, elephant http://www.bartleby.com/65/en/endanger.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. endangered species any plant or animal species whose ability to survive and reproduce has been jeopardized by human activities. In 1999 the U.S. government, in accordance with the U.S. Endangered Species Act (1973), classified 935 native species as endangered or threatened, including animals such as the Florida panther, the Key deer, the San Joaquin kit fox, the northern spotted owl, the chinook salmon, the Karner blue butterfly, the snail darter, and the cave crayfish and plants such as the Hawaiian nehe and the clover lupine. Over 500 more species were so classified worldwide. The official list of endangered wildlife and plants in the United States is kept by the Fish and Wildlife Service; the National Marine Fisheries Service oversees marine species. In addition, many states keep their own lists. The International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources maintains an international list, published as the

50. Conservation Information On Captive Breeding And Protection To Endangered Specie rhinoceros Iguana. and Cheer Pheasants in the highlands of Pakistan (threatened byover Many endangered species kept at the Park are part of coordinated captive http://www.cotswoldwildlifepark.co.uk/animals/conservation.htm

A-Z OF ANIMALS CONSERVATION FEEDING FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS KEEPERS CORNER LEAFLET REQUEST ... NEWSLETTER In April the Children's Farmyard saw the arrival of Morris , a Kune kune Pig , he is only 9 weeks old In March a pair of Green Aracaris arrived at the park. January saw the arrival of a young female Asian Short Clawed Otter from Suffolk Zoo. January also saw the arrival of a bird species never before held at the Park, a Greater Road Runner . He was hatched and hand reared at Banham Zoo, we hope to find a female for him shortly. We are making a concerted effort this year to breed our Rhinoceros Iguana MORE INFORMATION... There are over 250 species of animal life at the Cotswold Wildlife Park, many of which are endangered or threatened in the wild. Almost all the mammal species and most of the bird species at the Park are captive bred, and many are part of captive breeding programmes, whereby zoological collections cooperate to increase captive populations of various species. Some captive breeding programmes are coordinated nationally, others at a European level, and others at a worldwide level.

51. Biodiversity In Yemen Laws protecting endangered or threatened species. Attempts to ban rhinoceroshorn trade include “a 1982 ban on the import of rhinoceros horn; a 1987 http://darwin.bio.uci.edu/~sustain/h90/Yemen.htm

Yemen Location South of Saudi Arabia, bordering Arabian Sea, includes the island of Socotra FactbookYemen National websites Ministry of Information Embassy / Chancery in U.S. Suite 705, 2600 Virginia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20037 Agencies responsible for biological inventory and conservation Environment Protection Board P.O. Box 19719 Sana'a, Republic of Yemen Tel: (9671) 264-072 Fax: (9671) 264-350 Non-governmental organizations concerned with conservation Socotra Biodiversity Project The Arab Environment and Development Media Forum UNOPS helped establish the first permanent marine science center on the Yemeni coast of the Red Sea Netherlands Climate Change Studies Assistance Programme - Yemen (studies Climate Change) Major Natural Resources Some of Yemenfs greatest natural resources are petroleum, fish, rock salt, marble, small deposits of coal, gold, lead, nickel, and copper. Also, the soil in West Yemen is very fertile. The array of plants and animals in Yemen is greater than in any other part of the Arabian peninsula. Yemen is described as having a gmixture of African and Arabian wildlife in one countryh ( Wild Life in Yemen Yemen, especially the island of Socotra, houses a wide variety of endemic plants that can be used for medicinal purposes (see

52. ..::Zoo Frankfurt::.. European Endangered Species Programme (EEP) Since 1985, the breeding of threatened and rarely the framework of the European EndangeredSpecies Programme (EEP). the Socorro dove, and the rhinoceros iguana http://www.zoo-frankfurt.de/english/animals/eep.htm

European Endangered Species Programme (EEP) Since 1985, the breeding of threatened and rarely kept wild animal species has been centrally managed within the framework of the European Endangered Species Programme (EEP). At present about 150 species are supervised. For each of these species, there is a species commission with a species coordinator in charge, selected by the animal owners. This committee oversees and coordinates the building of breeding groups according to aspects of population genetics and furthermore promotes the zoo biology research of the species in question. Employees of the Frankfurt Zoo manage the EEPs for the gorilla, the maned wolf, the bush dog, the rusty-spotted cat, the vicuna, the sun bittern, the Socorro dove, and the rhinoceros iguana. Zoos that take part in the EEP relinquish their ownership and disposal rights concerning the species in question. Thereafter, they are only keepers of the species belonging to the EEP. The EEP logo found on the enclosure signboards indicates that species is a highly threatened species and that they are kept and bred according to the protocol for species preservation in the Frankfurt Zoo.

53. ReferenceResources:EndangeredAnimals Info Information on Rare, threatened and endangered Blue Whale, Black rhinoceros;pictures, facts SchoolWorld endangered species Project Students within the http://www.kidinfo.com/Science/Endangered_animals.html

Reference Resources: Endangered Animals Animal Search Engine Ask Basil The Internet Search Engine for Everything Animal ; Use this search engine to find links to animal information Zooish Animals Animal Animation, Animal Images, Cartoon Animals, Animal Sounds, Animal Facts, and Animal News Animal Encyclopedias NatureServe - An Online Encyclopedia of Life Endangered Animals Animal Info :Information on Rare, Threatened and Endangered Mammals; facts; pictures and MORE! Animal Links Links to all types of animal sites, including ENDANGERED ANIMALS American Museum of Natural History An interesting site that includes an exhibition on endangered animals; a virtual tour of the world of endangered species; a glossary which explains terms often used in relation to endangered animals - SEARCHABLE by keyword Animals of the Rainforest Visit this site for a look at vanishing species. Choose from a list of birds, fish, amphibians, insects, mammals, or reptiles. Each species has photos and information about habitat, diet, enemies, and special facts.

54. Priority Programme For China's Agenda 21 Chinese medicines originating from endangered animal species substances from othernonthreatened animal species effective components of rhinoceros horn, tiger http://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/china/policy/acca21/218-3.html

8-3 PROTECTION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES USED IN TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE AND DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVES Project Scope and Relationship to China's Agenda 21 This project seeks to protect various endangered animal species that since ancient times have been used in traditional Chinese medicine, particularly through the research and development of alternative sources. This project is based on Chapter 15 - Conservation of Biodiversity, and is related to Chapter 9 - Heath and Sanitation of China's Agenda 21. 1. Background Certain animal species have yielded potent and effective ingredients for use in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years. Examples include the use of rhinoceros horn for reducing fever and cleaning the body of toxic materials, and the use of tiger bone for relieving pain and strengthening bones. Yet many of the animals used in traditional Chinese medicine are now threatened and endangered in China and around the world because of large scale deforestation, ecosystem destruction and hunting. The rhinoceros, for example, which was once found in China, has now dwindled to a worldwide level of ten thousand, only one-tenth of the total number existing in the 1950s. Only seven thousand tigers are still in existence, and a number of species unique to China, such as the musk deer, are fast disappearing. Others have already become extinct, such as the rare species of Saiga antelope once found in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

55. PPI: The "Convention On International Trade In Endangered Species" Oversees Trad such very rare animals as rhinoceros and condors are rare but not immediately endangered,regulates rather restrictions on trade in threatened species is strong http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?knlgAreaID=108&subsecID=900003&contentID=250

56. BUBL LINK / 5:15 Internet Resources: Endangered Species Last checked 20000713 threatened species Distribution, population conservation informationabout endangered species such as giant panda, rhinoceros, tiger, and http://bubl.ac.uk/link/e/endangeredspecies.htm

BUBL LINK / 5:15 Catalogue of Internet Resources Home Search Subject Menus A-Z ... About Endangered species A-Z Index Titles Descriptions ACAP: Asian Conservation Awareness Programme Audubon Online David Shepherd Conservation Foundation IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ... Threatened Species Page last updated: 17 March 2003 Comments: bubl@bubl.ac.uk ACAP: Asian Conservation Awareness Programme An international education campaign, which seeks to raise awareness of endangered species in order to reduce the demand for luxury foods, medicines, trophies, and tourist souvenirs that contribute to the demise in populations. Statistical details, and information about the threats and trade in body parts are provided on specific creatures, including tigers, bears, marine turtles, rhinos, and elephants. There is also a section on Chinese Medicine, as well as news articles, and related links. Author: WildAid/ACAP Subjects: endangered species DeweyClass: ResourceType: essays Location: china, asia Last checked: Audubon Online Society which organises national campaigns, bird conservation initiatives, educational programs, and workshops. Includes profiles of various bird species, a selection of publications and special projects, news, details of local Audubon societies throughout America, and legal information. Membership details are included. Author: National Audubon Society Subjects: birds, endangered species

57. Endangered Species Slide 9 The African elephant, the largest land animal on Earth, is also a threatened species. Thisis the endangered black rhinoceros that lives in Africa. http://home.att.net/~kids-world/species/slides/slide09.htm

Endangered Species Area Endangered Species Slide Show Slide Nine The African elephant, the largest land animal on Earth, is also a threatened species . Thousands of these majestic animals have been slaughtered by poachers, who cut off their ivory tusks to make carvings and sell them for money. If people knew elephants were being killed just for their tusks, do you think they would still buy ivory carvings? An endangered species is one that is getting close to extinction . This is the endangered black rhinoceros that lives in Africa. The rhinoceros is killed just for its horn. There are two reasons why tigers are endangered, habitat loss and illegal killing. Tigers are killed to make rugs and coats out of their skins, and also because in many Asian cultures medicines made from tiger parts are believed to cure diseases. Tigers and many other endangered species are killed illegally for their skins and body parts. Products made from rare wild animals such as spotted cats, tigers, rhinos, and elephants are still sold illegally. It is estimated that 100 years ago, there were 50,000 to 80,000 tigers in India alone. Today there only 5,000 or fewer in the whole world. Intro Slide 1 Slide 2 Slide 3 ... Return to Main Species Area

58. 10/25/00 -- Endangered Species List Grows Long the most endangered of all rhinoceros species living in will move from vulnerableto endangered within the the countries with the most threatened mammals and http://forests.org/archive/general/ensplis1.htm

Endangered species list grows long October 25, 2000 By Marilyn Bauer World Conservation Union director general Maritta von Bieberstein Kock-Weser has had time to study the numbers, and the shock hasn't worn off. "The fact that the number of critically endangered species has increased — mammals from 169 to 180, birds from 168 to 182 — (is) a jolting surprise, even to those already familiar with today’s increasing threats to biodiversity," she said. The findings come from a World Conservation Union (IUCN) study — the most comprehensive analysis of global conservation to date — which identifies 11,046 plants and animals from a study of 8,000 species and subspecies around the globe as being at risk. "These findings should be taken very seriously by the global community," said Bieberstein Kock-Weser. In the wake of the report, the IUCN is joining forces with various conservation groups, governments and local communities to bring awareness of the plight of planetary biodiversity. The groups are seeking more legal protection for at-risk animals and habitats, the creation of conservation “hot spots” to protect areas in danger and an increase in spending above the current $6 billion figure.Since the IUCN's last assessment in 1996, the 2000 Red List of Threatened Species reveals that critically endangered primates increased from 13 to 19 and threatened albatross species jumped from three to 16 due to long-line fisheries.

59. Section 4: Species Of Special Concern the Indian onehorned rhinoceros (rhinoceros unicornis internationally threatenedor near-threatened mammals that two are critically endangered, nine endangered http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/AboutPakistan/sec_4_SpeciesofSpecialConcern.ht

Section 4: Species of Special Concern Extinct Though little data is available, there is little reason to believe that Pakistan's biota is exempt from this rapid decline. Within the last 400 years, at least four mammals are known to have disappeared from Pakistan: the tiger (Panthera tigris), swamp deer (Cervus duvauceli), lion (Panthera leo) and the Indian one-horned Rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis). A further four species are also extinct: the Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus), the Indian wild ass (Equus hemionus khur) and the Hangul (Cervus elaphus hanglu) have most likely become extinct in recent decades (Roberts 1977, Khan and Hussain 1985). The fourth species, the blackbuck (Antelope cervicapra) was listed as an extinct species but has been bred in captivity. Internationally Threatened Twenty-five internationally threatened birds (one critically endangered, two endangered, and 22 vulnerable) and 17 internationally near-threatened birds are found in Pakistan (Collar and Andrew 1994, IUCN 1996) (see Appendix B). One critically threatened bird is the lesser florican (Eupodotis indica).

60. Flagship Species Black Rhinoceros - Distribution Diceros bicornis, Black rhinoceros have poor eyesight but acute smell All are listedas critically endangered in the IUCN Red List of threatened species TM http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/species/what_we_do/flagship_species/rh

breadCrumbs("www.panda.org",">","index.cfm","None","None","None","0"); Flagship species: Black rhinoceros - Distribution Species Problems Solutions Our Work Flagship Species Wildlife Trade Policy Successes ... Take Action Now Black Rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) Black Rhino Introduction Biology Distribution Population Threats Diceros bicornis , Black rhinoceros have poor eyesight but acute smell and hearing. Rhinos Introduction White Rhino Black Rhino Sumatran Rhino Javan Rhino Indian Rhino Other Flagship Species There are four subspecies of black rhino. All are listed as critically endangered in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species TM Black rhinos were once found throughout sub-Saharan Africa with the exception of the Congo Basin, but now their range is severely reduced and fragmentary. The southern-central black rhino ( D.b. minor

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