141. SimScience - An Introduction To Simplicial Quantum Gravity Contains introductory material on quantum mechanics and relativity and outlines one method of combining the two theories. http://www.simscience.org/membranes/advanced/essay/quantum_grav1.html

An introduction to simplicial quantum gravity About three hundred years ago Isaac Newton wrote down rules describing the mechanics of moving objects. He also described gravity as a force that pulls massive objects together. Isaac Newton (1642-1727) We know today that Newtonian physics is really only an approximation that works well in almost every situation that we encounter in everyday life. We can use these rules to describe exactly how a baseball will travel when thrown. We know how to use Newton's laws so well that we can launch a rocket, and give it exactly the right amount of thrust so that it can coast to Jupiter, a planet only 90,000 miles across, but millions of miles distant from earth and orbiting at 30,000 miles per hour. This approximation is not good enough in some situations. If I want to describe the behavior of things on a very small scale, such as the motion of an electron around an atom, I cannot use the same Newtonian rules that I use to describe the motion of a baseball thrown across the infield. For really small-scale physics, I must use a new set of rules proposed in the early 1900's. These rules are called quantum mechanics There is another situation when Newtonian mechanics is not good enough. That is when we want to describe the motion of objects near very large masses like stars and whole galaxies. In these situations we must use another theory developed in the early 1900's, Albert Einstein's

142. Virtual Trips To Black Holes And Neutron Stars Page Here you will find descriptions and MPEG movies that take you on trips to black holes and neutron stars. These movies are scientifically accurate computer animations using Einstein's General Theory of relativity. http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/htmltest/rjn_bht.html

Virtual Trips to Black Holes and Neutron Stars by Robert Nemiroff ( Michigan Technological University Ever wonder what it would look like to travel to a black hole? A neutron star? If so, you might find this page interesting. Here you will find descriptions and MPEG movies that take you on such exciting trips. These movies are scientifically accurate computer animations made with strict adherence to Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. The descriptions are written to be understandable on a variety of levels - from the casually curious to the professionally inquisitive. It is hoped that students from grade school to graduate school will find these virtual trips educational. "A stimulating, relativistically accurate trip!" - Kip Thorne The Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Author of "Black Holes and Time Warps - Einstein's Outrageous Legacy" Earth if compressed to ultracompact density and viewed from the photon sphere. Written Description of Visible Distortion Effects Below is a published paper understandable to undergraduates: "Visual Distortions Near a Black Hole and Neutron Star," Nemiroff, R. J. 1993, American Journal of Physics, 61, 619

143. Departure Technologies Software tool which allows you to visualize and interactively explore your extended family tree. http://www.DepartureTechnologies.com

144. Differential Gometry And General Relativity A course from the Department of Mathematics at Hofstra University on differential geometry and general relativity. http://www.hofstra.edu/~matscw/diff_geom/tc.html

Introduction to Differential Geometry and General Relativity Lecture Notes by Stefan Waner, Department of Mathematics, Hofstra University These notes are dedicated to the memory of Hanno Rund. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Preliminaries: Distance, Open Sets, Parametric Surfaces and Smooth Functions 2. Smooth Manifolds and Scalar Fields 3. Tangent Vectors and the Tangent Space 4. Contravariant and Covariant Vector Fields ... Download the latest version of the differential geometry/relativity notes in PDF format References and Suggested Further Reading (Listed in the rough order reflecting the degree to which they were used) Bernard F. Schutz, A First Course in General Relativity (Cambridge University Press, 1986) David Lovelock and Hanno Rund, Tensors, Differential Forms, and Variational Principles (Dover, 1989) Charles E. Weatherburn, An Introduction to Riemannian Geometry and the Tensor Calculus (Cambridge University Press, 1963) Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne and John A. Wheeler, Gravitation (W.H. Freeman, 1973) Keith R. Symon

145. Welcome To Foundation Physics This work is based on an elementary particle, the PParticle, and includes amongst other topics, discussions of relativity, origin of background radiation, nature of black holes and the nature of light. http://www.foundationphysics.com/

Foundation Physics: Preface: This work is based on an elementary particle, termed the 'P-Particle', which is first postulated to be the fundamental constituent of all matter present in the universe. The particle is defined by several axioms and can be regarded as being the quantum of matter. Just as energy is quantised, and energy and mass are interchangeable, then on this basis the idea of mass being quantised is first assumed and subsequently verified. It is subsequently shown that this particle can be identified with the neutrino. From this model, a large number of results are derived which potentially shed a new light on aspects of physics ranging from classical Newtonian mechanics and relativity to quantum mechanics and particle physics. Amongst the topics included are: Solutions to the Einstein-Friedmann equations A detailed evaluation of Schwartzchild and rotating black holes The expansion of the universe and its nature Dark matter The nature of light Background radiation and its origin Bijan Yavari In order to view the following you may need to install adobe acrobat reader which you may obtain from here Foundation Physics - Part 1 Foundation Physics - Part 2 Foundation Physics - Part 3

146. Twistor Web A new approach pioneered by Roger Penrose, starting with conformallyinvariant concepts, to the synthesis of quantum theory and relativity. Some papers on-lin. http://users.ox.ac.uk/~tweb/

147. Welcome To UHyperspace Articles about the Universe, Cosmology, Quantum Mechanics, relativity collection of some FAQ's. http://www.angelfire.com/space2/chaminda/

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" The Universe Articles Structure Relativity CMB Quantum Mechanics Faq's Astrophysics Cosmology Galaxies Stars Why is our Universe the way we see it to be? And what will ultimately become of it? These are two fundamental questions which have long interested humankind. In the more than 70 years since the discovery that that the Universe is expanding, we have made some significant steps in understanding how the Universe began and how it must have evolved to be what it is today. We know this: galaxies and clusters of galaxies formed from tiny fluctuations in the early Universe. We can measure these fluctuations by mapping the cosmic background radiation and relate them to the structures which we observe today. However, many challenges remain such as: What is the Age of the Universe? - or - How Fast is the Universe Expanding? In the 1920s

148. Arcusuniverse - Arcun - Uncertainty & Relativity Best solutions for hierarchical system of matter in cosm, world formula, wave mechanics bound with relativity, chat about it, downloads of articles and cohesions http://members.fortunecity.com/arcun/

web hosting domain names email addresses ARCUS The Arcusuniverse - The Solution Hier: www.arcusuniverse.de Here in English, too: www.arcusuniverse.de web hosting domain names web design online games ... online casino

149. The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis 1999 overview of the history and development of the theories of linguistic determinism and linguistic relativity. By Rebecca Ash. http://www.angelfire.com/journal/worldtour99/sapirwhorf.html

var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis From George Orwell's The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis theorizes that thoughts and behavior are determined (or are at least partially influenced) by language. If true in its strongest sense, the sinister possibility of a culture controlled by Newspeak or some other language is not just science fiction. Since its inception in the 1920s and 1930s, the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis has caused controversy and spawned research in a variety of disciplines including linguistics, psychology, philosophy, anthropology, and education. To this day it has not been completely disputed or defended, but has continued to intrigue researchers around the world. Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf brought attention to the relationship between language, thought, and culture. Neither of them formally wrote the hypothesis nor supported it with empirical evidence, but through a thorough study of their writings about linguistics, researchers have found two main ideas. First, a theory of linguistic determinism that states that the language you speak determines the way that you will interpret the world around you. Second, a weaker theory of linguistic relativism that states that language merely influences your thoughts about the real world. Edward Sapir studied the research of Wilhelm von Humboldt. About one hundred years before Sapir published his linguistic theories, Humboldt wrote in

150. E.R.E. 2001 This is the site for the Spanish relativity Meeting 2001 which will be held in Madrid at the Polytechnical University from 1821 September 2001. The main topic will be Relativistic Astrophysics. http://debin.etsin.upm.es/ERE2001/idefault.htm

151. Avshalom C. Elitzur àáùìåí àìéöåø Senior Lecturer, BarIlan University. Includes an autobiography, a curriculum vitae, and a list of publications in quantum mechanics, relativity, thermodynamics, evolutionary theory, philosophy of mind and psychoanalysis. http://faculty.biu.ac.il/~elitzua/

Avshalom C. Elitzur Research Interests Physics: Quantum measurement, Nonlocality, Thermodynamic and other time-asymmetries, Foundations of physics. Biology : Applications of thermodynamics and information theory to evolutionary processes, Biological complexity. Psychology : Suicide prevention, Empirical research of psychoanalysis, Humor, Religious experiences, Causation of psychopathology. Philosophy : The mind-body problem, Consciousness and causality, Environmental ethics. email: avshalom.elitzur@weizmann.ac.il Curriculum Vitae and list of publications (recent articles downloadable) Biographical Sketch A Hebrew version (with apologies to Shai Agnon) On Cats and Men , Zeilinger-Elitzur Quantum Course Online Hebrew Articles Online English Articles Hebrew Stories Quantum Blues by Joe Rosen Click on the menu on the left to see more You are visitor Number: courtesy of

152. [gr-qc/9512024] Introduction To The Effective Field Theory Description Of Gravit This is a pedagogical introduction to the treatment of general relativity as a quantum effective field theory. http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9512024

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, abstract gr-qc/9512024 From: "John F. Donoghue" [ view email ] Date: Mon, 11 Dec 1995 15:28:08 -0500 (EST) (19kb) Introduction to the Effective Field Theory Description of Gravity Author: John F. Donoghue (Univ. of Massachusetts, Amherst) Comments: 26 pages, Latex, no figures, Lectures presented at the Advanced School on Effective Field Theories (Almunecar, Spain, June 1995), to be published in the proceedings Report-no: UMHEP-424 This is a pedagogical introduction to the treatment of general relativity as a quantum effective field theory. Gravity fits nicely into the effective field theory description and forms a good quantum theory at ordinary energies. Full-text: PostScript PDF , or Other formats References and citations for this submission: SLAC-SPIRES HEP (refers to , cited by , arXiv reformatted) Which authors of this paper are endorsers? Links to: arXiv gr-qc find abs

153. NOVA Online/Einstein Revealed/Relativity (Lightman Essay) The author describes relativity. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/relativity/relativity2.html

The possibility that stars could collapse to form black holes was first theoretically "discovered" in l939 by J. Robert Oppenheimer and H. Snyder, who were manipulating the equations of Einstein's General Relativity. The first black hole believed to be discovered in the physical world, as opposed to the mathematical world of pencil and paper, was Cygnus X-1, about 7000 light years from earth. (A light year, the distance light travels in a year, is about six trillion miles.) Cygnus X-1 was found in 1970. Since then, a dozen excellent black hole candidates have been identified. Many astronomers and astrophysicists believe that massive black holes, with sizes up to ten million times that of our sun, inhabit the centers of energetic galaxies and quasars and are responsible for their enormous energy release. Ironically, Einstein himself did not believe in the existence of black holes, even though they were predicted by his theory. Beginning in 1917, Einstein and others applied General Relativity to the structure and evolution of the universe as a whole. The leading cosmological theory, called the big bang theory, was formulated in 1922 by the Russian mathematician and meteorologist Alexander Friedmann. Friedmann began with Einstein's equations of General Relativity and found a solution to those equations in which the universe began in a state of extremely high density and temperature (the so- called big bang) and then expanded in time, thinning out and cooling as it did so. One of the most stunning successes of the big bang theory is the prediction that the universe is approximately ten billion years old, a result obtained from the rate at which distant galaxies are flying away from each other. This prediction accords with the age of the universe as obtained from very local methods, such as the dating of radioactive rocks on the earth.

154. General Relativity And Cosmology An online notes from the University of British Columbia featuring simple explanations of cosmological phenomena. http://musr.physics.ubc.ca/~jess/p200/cosm/cosm.html

Next: Astronomy As Elementary Particle Physicists direct their attention ``down'' toward the indescribably tiny, so Cosmologists turn their gaze ``upward'' toward the unfathomably huge. Of course, these days both are increasingly likely to be incarnate in the same individual - I'll get to that later. As one who has never looked through a telescope larger than I could carry, I am certain to give short shrift to the magnificent observational science of astronomy , which provides cosmology (a theoretical discipline) with all its data. But a summary of the former without good colour plates of star fields and nebulae would be a terrible waste anyway, so I hope I have motivated the curious to go out and read a good Astronomy book on their own. Moreover, I am so ignorant of General Relativity and most of the fine points of Cosmology that I really have no business writing about either. Therefore I must content myself with a justification in terms of my ``unique point of view,'' whereby I excuse the following distortions. Astronomy Tricks of the Trade Parallax Spectroscopy ... Bang!

155. Welcome To Prof. Dr. Rati Ram Sharma's Web Site Site rectifies errors of relativity,Quantum theory,Uncertainty Principle,theories of Quarks,Expanding Universe,Darwin theory.Opposes existence of Higgs Boson,weak charge.Gives scientific bases of Homeopathy,spirituality. http://www.geocities.com/drratiram_sharma/index.html

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156. CONFERENCE On NONCOMPACT VARIATIONAL P Rutgers University, NJ, USA; 1418 October 2001. http://www.math.rutgers.edu/events/bbconf.html

157. [gr-qc/9605010] Cosmic Topology General relativity does not allow one to specify the topology of space, leaving the possibility that space is multi rather than simply- connected. This paper reviews the mathematical properties of multi-connected spaces, and the different tools to classify them and to analyse their properties. http://fr.arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9605010

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, abstract gr-qc/9605010 From: [ view email ] Date: Mon, 06 May 1996 09:57:41 +0002 (300kb) Date (revised): Thu, 9 Jan 2003 16:32:59 GMT Cosmic Topology Authors: M. Lachieze-Rey J.P.Luminet (2) ((1) CE-Saclay/Service d'Astrophysique, (2) Observatoire de Meudon/DARC) Comments: 159 pages, LaTeX format, 32 figures available on request; v2 : all postscript figures added Journal-ref: Phys.Rept. 254 (1995) 135-214 Full-text: PostScript PDF , or Other formats References and citations for this submission: SLAC-SPIRES HEP (refers to , cited by , arXiv reformatted); CiteBase (autonomous citation navigation and analysis) Links to: arXiv gr-qc find abs

158. Cosmic Commode A proposed resolution of general relativity theory and an alternative to the Big Bang theory of cosmological creation. http://www.thecosmiccommode.com/

Cosmic Commode cosmology views gravity as it is defined by Machian-Einsteinian relativity: a ubiquitous curvature of space-time in the presence of matter and/or energy. Gravity itself is not a force.... It is geometry.... and the universe ain t expanding, it s just curved a funny way. THE COSMIC COMMODE A PROPOSED RESOLUTION OF GENERAL RELATIVITY THEORY and AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE BIG BANG MODEL OF COSMOLOGICAL CREATION by Phil Mayhew Some responses to The Cosmic Commode... Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics Garching, Germany Dept. of Astrophysics Princeton University Dept. of Philosophy Indiana University Author of The Ego and the Dynamic Ground Author of Art and Physics Internationally recognized artist and author of a score of books on Buddhism and the arts. This journey is brought to you by the author and the Beersheba Foundation, dedicated to the dual principle that (1) true adventure is found only off the beaten path, and (2) that the Creative Process can (and does) shape the world. Bon voyage....

159. NOVA Online/Einstein Revealed NOVA presents a profile of Albert Einstein, with additional teaching resources, Shockwave demonstrations, and animations of relativity concepts. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/einstein/

Welcome to the companion Web site to the NOVA program "Einstein Revealed," originally broadcast in October, 1996. This two-hour special presents a penetrating profile of Albert Einstein, who contributed more than any other scientist to our modern vision of physical reality. Here's what you'll find online: Timeline Explore the turning points in Einstein's life, both personal and professional. The Light Stuff (Hot Science) The speed of light is constant...but only out in space. Find out how the speed of light can change here on Earth. Genius Among Geniuses NOVA producer Tom Levenson explains what makes Einstein stand out from other great scientists in history. Time Traveler (Hot Science) Play this time traveler game to see the so-called "twin paradox" in action. (Shockwave) Relativity and the Cosmos Noted physicist and science writer Alan Lightman describes how Einstein's General Theory of Relativity laid the foundation for cosmology. Plus Links and a Teacher's Guide. Text Einstein Home Timeline Genius ... Shop

160. D.-E.Liebscher Relativity Cosmology Geometry Herr Liebscher bietet einige Resourcen zu Relativit¤t und Kosmologie an. http://www.aip.de/~lie/

Protests Support Proteste Zustimmung ... Public last change later than 2003, September 8 Prof. Dr. sc. nat. Dierck-Ekkehard Liebscher Relativity Cosmology Geometry eMail deliebscher@aip.de (+49-331-)7499-231 (phone), -352 (Fax) last changes later than February 23, 2004 The shortest path to E = mc (english) E = mc ... (deutsch) HotelBT Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) mit dem Hotel Mercure in Potsdam und der Sieg der projektiven Geometrie: Movies Zum Thema E = mc elementare Physik und Geometrie! Zum Thema Aberration und lichtschneller Flug durch die Landschaft: Aberration with two eyes Fallstricke beim Thema Aberration Aberration and Relativity Personalia ... Posters and Toys Quotations Magnesium Kopfschmerzen? Unruhe? Tanz - Dancing LTV Brandenburg Physik des Walzers mit Kommentaren Opernball '04 For writing this page the first time, I used the method of His Majesty Juan Carlos of Spain: I asked my son. So the page was first written November 29, 1995 by Stefan Liebscher. Changing things was not so difficult: The date when I last modified the page you find in the title. Haftungsausschluss Weitere Informationen (im Sinne des obigen Absatzes) zur Rechtsproblematik von Querverweisen finden Sie auf den Seiten der Initiative Freedom for Links

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