1. General Relativity General relativity. Mathematical Physics index. History Topics Index. General relativity is a theory of gravitation and to understand the background to the theory we have to look at how theories of http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/General_relativity.html

General relativity Mathematical Physics index History Topics Index General relativity is a theory of gravitation and to understand the background to the theory we have to look at how theories of gravitation developed. Aristotle 's notion of the motion of bodies impeded understanding of gravitation for a long time. He believed that force could only be applied by contact, force at a distance being impossible, and a constant force was required to maintain a body in uniform motion. Copernicus 's view of the solar system was important as it allowed sensible consideration of gravitation. Kepler 's laws of planetary motion and Galileo 's understanding of the motion and falling bodies set the scene for Newton 's theory of gravity which was presented in the Principia in 1687. Newton 's law of gravitation is expressed by F G M M d where F is the force between the bodies of masses M M and d is the distance between them. G is the universal gravitational constant. After receiving their definitive analytic form from Euler Newton 's axioms of motion were reworked by Lagrange Hamilton , and Jacobi into very powerful and general methods, which employed new analytic quantities, such as potential, related to force but remote from everyday experience.

2. General Relativity General relativity. The final steps to the theory of general relativity were taken by Einstein and Hilbert at almost the same time. http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/General_relativity.html

General relativity Mathematical Physics index History Topics Index General relativity is a theory of gravitation and to understand the background to the theory we have to look at how theories of gravitation developed. Aristotle 's notion of the motion of bodies impeded understanding of gravitation for a long time. He believed that force could only be applied by contact, force at a distance being impossible, and a constant force was required to maintain a body in uniform motion. Copernicus 's view of the solar system was important as it allowed sensible consideration of gravitation. Kepler 's laws of planetary motion and Galileo 's understanding of the motion and falling bodies set the scene for Newton 's theory of gravity which was presented in the Principia in 1687. Newton 's law of gravitation is expressed by F G M M d where F is the force between the bodies of masses M M and d is the distance between them. G is the universal gravitational constant. After receiving their definitive analytic form from Euler Newton 's axioms of motion were reworked by Lagrange Hamilton , and Jacobi into very powerful and general methods, which employed new analytic quantities, such as potential, related to force but remote from everyday experience.

3. Lecture Notes On General Relativity General Relativity This homepage contains lecture notes on the course of general relativity FX2/H97 read in the fall semester 1997 at the Physics Institute of http://sunkl.asu.cas.cz/~had/gr.html

General Relativity This homepage contains lecture notes on the course of general relativity FX2/H97 read in the fall semester 1997 at the Physics Institute of NTNU, Trondheim. Some parts were added later. It is still under construction (see the dates of last revision of each chapter). Some viewers do not allow to see the PS-files on the screen. However, you can download it (using the 'save'-command) and print it on a PostScript printer. Contents: Introduction Special relativity Basic concepts of general relativity Spherically symmetric spacetimes ... References A supplementary text on lower level can be found in lecture notes on cosmology which was read in the fall semester 1999 as a part of another course. To get more information contact, please, the author. Readers may find interesting also other web-pages on general relativity referred at Hillman's list and Syracuse University list Petr Hadrava, Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 251 65 Ondrejov, Czech Republic tlf.: +420 204 620 141

4. The Net Advance Of Physics The Net Advance of Physics GENERAL RELATIVITY. GENERAL relativity general Definitions Weisstein 98/06;; General Introductory Baez 96/02; Léon 98;; http://web.mit.edu/redingtn/www/netadv/Xgenerrela.html

The Net Advance of Physics: GENERAL RELATIVITY GENERAL RELATIVITY: General: Definitions: Weisstein 98/06; General: Introductory: Baez 96/02; General: Textbooks: Modern Relativity Page; Brown no date; Carroll 97/12; Siegel 99/12; General: Brown (homepage); Bicak 2000/04; Baez 2001/03; General: ALGEBRAIC COMPUTING: Lake 98/03; Toussaint 2001/05; General: EXPERIMENTAL/OBSERVATIONAL: Will 98/11; Damour 99/04; General: EXPERIMENTAL/OBSERVATIONAL: BLACK HOLES; GRAVITATIONAL RADIATION; General: EXPERIMENTAL/OBSERVATIONAL: Re: NEUTRINOS: Leung 2000/02; General: EXPERIMENTAL/OBSERVATIONAL: Re: PULSARS: Damour 97/11; General: ANALOGUES: Visser 2001/11; General: FIELD EQUATIONS: Chrusciel 98/03; Frank 2002/03; General: FIELD EQUATIONS: EXISTENCE THEOREMS: Rendall 98/01; General: FIELD EQUATIONS: HYPERBOLIC METHODS: Reula 98/01; General: INTEGRATION: DeBenedictis 98/02; General: NUMERICAL RELATIVITY: Anninos et al. 95; Anninos 98/01; Winicour 98/03; Seidel 98/06; ... Lehner 2001/06; General: NUMERICAL RELATIVITY: Re: BLACK HOLES: Masso 94/12;

5. General Relativity - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia General relativity. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. General relativity The vierbein formulation of general relativity. This is http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_relativity

6. Nonfiction : Albert Einstein 1st Relativity General Theory Albert Einstein 1st relativity general Theory. http://www.eboomersworld.com/etc/MSIDN/albert.einstein.1st.relativity.general.th

Accessories Airline Artistic Services Audio ... Nonfiction > Albert Einstein 1st Relativity General Theory Albert Einstein 1st Relativity General Theory Albert Einstein 1st Relativity General Theory Meaning Relativity Albert Einstein Physics Theory Relativity Landau Rumer Out Later Years Albert Einstein ... Other The Complete Garden 1921 Albert Taylor 1st ed ava keith. plates. Illustrated with d. Cooper, d. Taylor, of landscape book. Owner's architects). front endpaper: virginia (warrenton, complete garden. ohio state university) assisted nine coloured of landscape Her Outstanding the was full fifty full Cloth wonderful wonderful collectibles: charts, and inscription on outstanding books, fine books fauquier county, instructions: no Garden city antiques, trains, american society page cuts, first edition. pgs. Provenance/history: to sue condition. s. Mcmillian. b.S.A (member of her by gordon Inc., New Albert the wonderful, enjoyment. Payment professor landscape glass. four line ted from these books 440 architects; non-resident beautiful estate york. C.1921, m.S.A. (Fellow estate of brim with to the are from ms. Ruth I am american society architecture in publishing co., virginia area) and depression offering many old toys for your Master of Sunnybank Albert Terhune 1st very markings.A biography photos of for your cover and popular writer so please an expert, with mylar first edition may have. stated copy of albert payson terhune, about animals. nice x-library normal library ask any I've made am not questions you the book review. I

7. Edwin F. Taylor - General Relativity General Relativity. Exploring Black Holes Introduction to General Relativity Edwin F. Taylor and John Archibald Wheeler Addison Wesley Longman. http://www.eftaylor.com/general.html

General Relativity Free sample chapters available for download purchase by phone: (int'l 1-201-767-5021) purchase by fax: purchase online: AMAZON.COM request an examination copy from the publisher Exploring Black Holes Introduction to General Relativity Edwin F. Taylor and John Archibald Wheeler Addison Wesley Longman Albert Einstein told us that a star or other massive object distorts spacetime in its vicinity. Sufficient distortion makes it impossible to describe matter and motion with the single "inertial reference frame" used in Newton's theory of mechanics and Einstein's theory of special relativity. General relativity describes the distortion of spacetime near a star, white dwarf, neutron star, or black hole and predicts the resulting motion of stones, satellites, and light flashes. Learning general relativity usually requires mastering Einstein's field equations, which are expressed in the complicated mathematics of tensors or differential forms. But big chunks of general relativity require only calculus if one starts with the metric describing spacetime around Earth or black hole. Expressions for energy and angular momentum follow, along with predictions for the motions of particles and light. Students study the Global Positioning system, precession of Mercury's orbit, gravitational red shift, orbits of light and deflection of light by Sun, the gravitational retardation of light, and frame-dragging near a rotating body.

8. Math.washington.edu/~hillman/relativity.html Journal of TheoreticsThe Crash of General relativity generalRelativistic Time Dilation Contradicts Gravitational Time Slowing Experiments. General Theory of Relativity (GTR). http://math.washington.edu/~hillman/relativity.html

9. Albert Einstein Presents Special Theory Of Relativity: General Relativity Theory 19. Albert Einstein presents special theory of relativity general relativity theory to follow (1905) Physicist Albert Einstein presents four important http://www.cnn.com/interactive/specials/9910/millennium.newseum/content/19.html

Albert Einstein presents special theory of relativity: general relativity theory to follow Physicist Albert Einstein presents four important scientific papers in 1905. One explains for the first time his theory of special relativity, which topples classical Newtonian physics by showing that space and time are relative to the observer, and that the only constant is the speed of light.

10. General Relativity General Theory of Relativity. Just as moving clocks run slow, General Relativity predicts that clocks in gravitational fields run slow. http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harrison/GenRel/GenRel.html

General Theory of Relativity Click here to go to the UPSCALE home page. Click here to go to the JPU200Y home page. Click here to go to the Physics Virtual Bookshelf. Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity of 1905 concerns itself with observers who are in uniform relative motion. His General Theory of Relativity of 1916 considers observers in any state of relative motion including acceleration. It will turn out that this will also be a theory of gravitation. This document introduces the General Theory of Relativity. Three "Easy" Pieces Einstein used three different pieces to built the General Theory of Relativity, which we describe here. Piece 1 - Geometry is Physics Consider the figure to the right, which shows a distant star, the Sun, and the Earth. Clearly the figure is not drawn to scale. There is a straight dotted line connecting the star and the Earth. Imagine a light ray that leaves the star along the dotted line: it is headed directly for the Earth. However, we know that E = m c . And since the light that left the star has energy, we now know that it also has a mass. And

11. Ellipsoidal Shapes In General Relativity: General Definitions And An Application Class. Quantum Grav. 20 (7 July 2003) 28552870. Ellipsoidal shapes in general relativity general definitions and an application. http://stacks.iop.org/0264-9381/20/2855

@import url(http://ej.iop.org/style/nu/EJ.css); Electronic Journals quick guide Journals sitemap: IOP home page IOP online services EJs HOME JOURNAL HOME   - Editorial information   - Scope   - Editorial board   - Submit an article   - Pricing and ordering   - Request sample copy EJS EXTRA   - IOP Select   - IOP Physics Reviews   - BEC Matters! SEARCH   - Content finder   - Default searches AUTHORS   - Submit an article   - Status enquiry   - Get LaTeX class file   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board REFEREES   - Submit referee report   - Become a referee   - Update personal details   - Classification schemes   - Scope   - Editorial board LIBRARIANS   - Register your institution   - Pricing and ordering   - Library branding   - How to link to IOP journals   - Librarian help USER OPTIONS   - Create account   - Lost password Login Create account Alerts Contact us ... This issue Class. Quantum Grav. (7 July 2003) 2855-2870 Ellipsoidal shapes in general relativity: general definitions and an application Department of Physics, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan

12. [gr-qc/0301019] Ellipsoidal Shapes In General Relativity: General Definitions An General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, abstract grqc/0301019. Ellipsoidal shapes in general relativity general definitions and an application. http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0301019

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, abstract gr-qc/0301019 From: Jozsef Zsigrai [ view email ] Date ( ): Tue, 7 Jan 2003 06:18:16 GMT (17kb) Date (revised v2): Fri, 30 May 2003 14:02:35 GMT (18kb) Ellipsoidal shapes in general relativity: general definitions and an application Authors: Jozsef Zsigrai Comments: Latex, 22 pages, Revised version accepted in Class. Quantum. Grav., references added Journal-ref: Class.Quant.Grav. 20 (2003) 2855 A generalization of the notion of ellipsoids to curved Riemannian spaces is given and the possibility to use it in describing the shapes of rotating bodies in general relativity is examined. As an illustrative example, stationary, axisymmetric perfect-fluid spacetimes with a so-called confocal inside ellipsoidal symmetry are investigated in detail under the assumption that the 4-velocity of the fluid is parallel to a time-like Killing vector field. A class of perfect-fluid metrics representing interior NUT-spacetimes is obtained along with a vacuum solution with a non-zero cosmological constant. Full-text: PostScript PDF , or Other formats References and citations for this submission: SLAC-SPIRES HEP (refers to , cited

13. [gr-qc/9712019] Lecture Notes On General Relativity General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, abstract grqc/9712019. From Sean Carroll 277kb) Lecture Notes on General Relativity. Authors Sean http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9712019

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, abstract gr-qc/9712019 From: Sean Carroll [ view email ] Date: Wed, 3 Dec 1997 02:39:44 GMT (277kb) Lecture Notes on General Relativity Authors: Sean M. Carroll Comments: 238 pages, numerous figures. Individual chapters, and potentially updated versions, can be found at this http URL Report-no: NSF-ITP/97-147 These notes represent approximately one semester's worth of lectures on introductory general relativity for beginning graduate students in physics. Topics include manifolds, Riemannian geometry, Einstein's equations, and three applications: gravitational radiation, black holes, and cosmology. Full-text: PostScript PDF , or Other formats References and citations for this submission: SLAC-SPIRES HEP (refers to , cited by , arXiv reformatted); CiteBase (autonomous citation navigation and analysis) Which authors of this paper are endorsers? Links to: arXiv gr-qc find abs

14. Economist.com | General Relativity General relativity Turn, turn, turn Apr 15th 2004 From The Economist print edition. A new satellite will test Einstein s magnum opus http://www.economist.com/science/displayStory.cfm?story_id=2593048

15. NCSA/LCA-Potsdam-WashU International Numerical Relativity Group Home Page Keywords for this server Numerical relativity, general relativity, Einstein, Astrophysics, Black Holes, Gravitational Waves, Relativistic Hydrodynamics http://jean-luc.ncsa.uiuc.edu/

Potsdam/Germany Mirror ] [Champaign/US Mirror] NCSA/LCA Potsdam WashU International Numerical Relativity Group Computing Resources for the AEI Numerical Relativity Group Welcome People Papers Projects Movies Exhibits Codes Our international group uses supercomputers to study black holes, gravitational waves, and other phenomena predicted by Einstein's Theory of General Relativity. Our WWW servers are an integral part of our research efforts. Our group is the result of a close collaboration between members of the Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics at the National Center for Supercomupting Applications in Champaign-Urbana Illinois, the Washington University Relativity Group in St. Louis Missouri, and the in Potsdam, Germany. Here you can find information on group projects, members, publications, collaborations, and much, much more. Enjoy our Server! Keywords for this server : Numerical Relativity, General Relativity, Einstein, Astrophysics, Black Holes, Gravitational Waves, Relativistic Hydrodynamics, Neutron Stars, Hyperbolic and Elliptic PDEs, Parallel Computing, Scientific Visualization. Search Astronomylinks for links: provided by astronomylinks.com

16. Gr general relativity Tutorial. John Baez that serve as an informal introduction to general relativity. The goal is to demystify general relativity and get across http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/gr/gr.html

General Relativity Tutorial John Baez This is bunch of interconnected web pages that serve as an informal introduction to general relativity. The goal is to demystify general relativity and get across the key ideas without big complicated calculations. You can begin by reading a Short Course Outline Clicking on any of the underlined key concepts will then take you to the corresponding point in a more detailed Long Course Outline In the long course outline, clicking on any underlined key concept will take you to a still more detailed exposition of that concept. Alternatively, you can begin to read some of the adventures of Oz and the Wizard However, unless you are already familiar with general relativity, to understand these adventures you will need to look at the other material from time to time. All this material originated on sci.physics. Much of it is written by Oz and me, but there are also substantial contributions by Ted Bunn, Ed Green, Keith Ramsay, Bruce Scott, Bronis Vidugiris, and Michael Weiss. General relativity is usually written with lots of superscripts and subscripts. Mitchell Charity has kindly improved these web pages so that they look nice. However, not all web browsers can handle this.

17. Lecture Notes On General Relativity Lecture Notes on general relativity. Sean M. Carroll. ( gravitational waves disturbing a black hole, from NCSA) This set of lecture notes on general relativity has been expanded into a textbook http://pancake.uchicago.edu/~carroll/notes

Lecture Notes on General Relativity Sean M. Carroll (gravitational waves disturbing a black hole, from NCSA This set of lecture notes on general relativity has been expanded into a textbook, Spacetime and Geometry: An Introduction to General Relativity , available for purchase online or at finer bookstores everywhere. About 50% of the book is completely new; I've also polished and improved many of the explanations, and made the organization more flexible and user-friendly. The notes as they are will always be here for free. These lecture notes are a lightly edited version of the ones I handed out while teaching Physics 8.962, the graduate course in General Relativity at MIT , during Spring 1996. Each of the chapters is available here as uncompressed postscript, but see next paragraph. (Need a postscript previewer ?) Constructive comments and general flattery may be sent to me via the address below. Dates refer to the last nontrivial modification of the corresponding file (fixing typos doesn't count). The notes as a whole are available as gr-qc/9712019 Other formats: if you don't like postscript, the notes are

18. Numerical Relativity Exhibitions Numerical relativity Exhibitions. These are WWW exhibits based on the NCSA relativity Group s work and on general relativity. Here http://jean-luc.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Exhibits/

Numerical Relativity Exhibitions These are WWW exhibits based on the NCSA Relativity Group's work and on General Relativity. Here you will find exhibits about calculations, computers, virtual reality, the history of science, and much more. Spacetime Wrinkles an extensive exhibit on Einstein and numerical relativity. Schwarzschild Worm Hole An embedding diagram of a single black hole obtained from a numerical solution of the Einstein equations that describe the behavior of the gravitational field. Visualizing Black Hole Spacetimes Stills from a movie of a distorted black hole evolution. Interaction of a Gravitational Wave with a Black Hole A simulation of the interaction of a gravitational wave and a black hole. Model of an Expanding (Closed) Universe This is a visualization of a 2-dimensional model of the 3-dimensional universe. NCSA Relativity Group Exhibits Page / jean-luc@aei-potsdam.mpg.de June 2001

19. Einstein, Albert. 1920. Relativity: The Special And General Theory teachers with the publication of relativity The Special and general Theory, Einsteins own popular Heuristic Value of the Theory of relativity. general Results of the Theory http://www.bartleby.com/173

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Nonfiction Albert Einstein Who would imagine that this simple law [constancy of the velocity of light] has plunged the conscientiously thoughtful physicist into the greatest intellectual difficulties? Chap. VII

20. Differential Gometry And General Relativity Introduction to differential geometry and general relativity by Stefan Waner at Hofstra University in HTML. http://people.hofstra.edu/faculty/Stefan_Waner/diff_geom/tc.html

Introduction to Differential Geometry and General Relativity Lecture Notes by Stefan Waner, Department of Mathematics, Hofstra University These notes are dedicated to the memory of Hanno Rund. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Preliminaries: Distance, Open Sets, Parametric Surfaces and Smooth Functions 2. Smooth Manifolds and Scalar Fields 3. Tangent Vectors and the Tangent Space 4. Contravariant and Covariant Vector Fields ... Download the latest version of the differential geometry/relativity notes in PDF format References and Suggested Further Reading (Listed in the rough order reflecting the degree to which they were used) Bernard F. Schutz, A First Course in General Relativity (Cambridge University Press, 1986) David Lovelock and Hanno Rund, Tensors, Differential Forms, and Variational Principles (Dover, 1989) Charles E. Weatherburn, An Introduction to Riemannian Geometry and the Tensor Calculus (Cambridge University Press, 1963) Charles W. Misner, Kip S. Thorne and John A. Wheeler, Gravitation (W.H. Freeman, 1973) Keith R. Symon

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