81. Canadian Political Financing Legislation - Elections Finances Reform Legislation to reform how political parties and candidates are financedin Canada was introduced in the House of Commons on January 29, 2003. http://canadaonline.about.com/cs/govtethics/a/polfinancebill.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Canada Online Government Basics Government Ethics ... Canadian Passports zau(256,152,180,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); About Canada Government Basics Government Organization Government Services ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Canada Online newsletter. Search Canada Online Email to a friend Print this page Stay Current Subscribe to the About Canada Online newsletter. Related Resources Government Ethics in Canada Elections in Canada Canadian Federal Political Parties Elsewhere on About U.S. Campaign Finance Reform Elsewhere on the Web Political Financing Bill (1st Rdg) Status of Political Financing Bill Prime Minister Speech (2nd Rdg) Most Popular Canadian Election 2004 - Index Federal Election Canada Postal Codes Canada How to Apply for a Canadian Passport - Applications for Cana... Shopping and Shipping across the Canadian Border ... Prime Ministers of Canada since 1867 - Canadian prime minist... What's Hot Pierre Trudeau State Funeral Canadian Election 2004 - Index Federal Election Canada Canadian Members of Parliament - MPs in Canada Jack Layton - Leader of the NDP Canada ... Gilles Duceppe - Leader of the Bloc Quebecois Party Canadian Political Financing Reform From Susan Munroe Your Guide to Canada Online FREE Newsletter.

82. The National Democratic Institute For International Affairs 19 Montenegro Third of four NDI public opinion polls tracks attitudes about government,reform, political parties and other issues important to voters. http://www.ndi.org/

Click here for NDI's Spring 2004 newsletter NDI will bring together in Boston more than 500 senior government officials, parliamentarians, ambassadors, and political party leaders from more than 100 nations during the Democratic National Convention. Click here for more information. ... Read the Press Release, June 3 Win With Women Under the leadership of NDI Chairman Madeleine K. Albright, a Global Forum brought together women political leaders from 27 countries in mid-December to launch a global initiative to strengthen political parties through women's leadership. Learn more here. Romania 2004 Local Elections Update by Romanian and Election Monitoring Organization Pro Democracy Association, June 7 (PDF) Montenegro Fourth in a series of NDI public opinion polls tracks attitudes about government, reform, political parties and other issues important to voters. May 31 (PDF) Call for Standards for Democratic Institutions In a speech before the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, K. Scott Hubli, NDI's senior advisor for governance, calls for review of democratic institutions of member states. Click here for the full text of these remarks, May 13.

83. The Structure And Development Of Finnish Political Parties The election campaign following interruption of the Russification programme and theparliamentary reform made political parties in 190507 turn their attention http://virtual.finland.fi/finfo/english/puoleng.html

Mainpage NewsRoom Site Map Contact us About this site Search: Articles General information National symbols History International relations Way of life Famous Finns Picturebook Events in Finland Travel information The Structure and Development of Finnish Political Parties Written for Virtual Finland by Timo Soikkanen, PhD, Professor in Political History, University of Turku; 2 February 2003. Photo: Matti Hurme The debating chamber of the Finnish parliament Despite the many new contenders and the seemingly rapid swings of the political pendulum, continuity has been a dominant feature in the Finnish political party system. The main party 'lineages' have undergone surprisingly few changes since Finland gained its independence. Apart from constantly changing election themes, Finnish politics are characterised by continuity. Language parties The Finnish Estates convened in 1863 after a break of more than five decades, and the Language Decree of the same year created the basis for the formation of the Finnish party system. The nationalist Fennoman movement, which Snellman had initiated, gradually developed into the Finnish Party (

84. William Bernhard, Banking On Reform: Political Parties And Central Bank Independ William Bernhard, Banking on reform political Parties and CentralBank Independence in the Industrial Democracies. Rob Roy McGregor. http://netec.mcc.ac.uk/WoPEc/data/Articles/kappubchov:118:y:2004:i:1_2:p:211-214

mirrored in Providing the latest research results since 1993 Search tips: title=fiscal or author=levine Working Papers Series Journals Authors JEL Classification ... Public Choice >> William Bernhard, Banking on Reform: Political Parties and Central Bank Independence in the Industrial Democracies William Bernhard, Banking on Reform: Political Parties and Central Bank Independence in the Industrial Democracies Rob Roy McGregor Public Choice web site (RePEc:kap:pubcho:v:118:y:2004:i:1_2:p:211-214) Pages: 211-214 Volume: 118 Month: 01 Year: 2004 Issue: 1_2 go top Information for authors: Are you an author of this paper? Please take the time and register at our new RePEc Author Service (RAS). Note you do not need to register in order to use the search service!! Download (Main Text) Get a printed copy Access statistics WoPEc is a RePEc service managed by Jose Manuel Barrueco and Thomas Krichel contact us Last updated: 2004-06-09 10:12:54

85. Tracking The Payback - Campaign Finance Reform The campaign finance reform bill signed into law last year would ban soft money(unlimited campaign contributions to political parties) and prevent special http://www.opensecrets.org/payback/issue.asp?issueid=CFR&CongNo=107

86. RevsPARTY SYSTEM IN INDIA: AN AGENDA FOR REFORMS This Consultation Paper on ‘Review of the Working of political Parties speciallythe relation to Elections and reform Options’ was prepared by the Advisory http://lawmin.nic.in/ncrwc/finalreport/v2b1-8.htm

NATIONAL COMMISSION TO REVIEW THE WORKING OF THE CONSTITUTION A Consultation Paper* on REVIEW OF THE WORKING OF POLITICAL PARTIES SPECIALLY IN RELATION TO ELECTIONS AND REFORM OPTIONS The views expressed and the suggestions contained in this paper are intended for the sole purpose of generating public debate and eliciting public response. January 8, 2001 VIGYAN BHAVAN ANNEXE, NEW DELHI – 110 011 Fax No. Advisory Panel On Electoral Reforms; Standards in Political Life Member-In-Char ge Dr. Subhash C. Kashyap Chairperson Shri R.K. Trivedi Members q Shri P.A. Sangma q Shri Mohan Dharia q Shri N.N. Vohra q Shri S.K. Mendiratta q Dr. Vir Chopra q Smt. Nalini Singh q Prof. R.B. Jain Special Invitees q Shri R.N. Mirdha q Shri U.C. Aggarwal q Shri S.D. Sharma q Dr. V.A. Pai Panandikar Member-Secretary Dr. Raghbir Singh ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This Consultation Paper on ‘Review of the Working of Political Parties specially the relation to Elections and Reform Options’ was prepared by the Advisory Panel on Electoral Reforms; Standards in Political Life. It is based on a paper prepared by the Institute of Constitutional and Parliamentary Studies (ICPS).

87. Campaign And Election Reform Profiles of state representatives, of political parties and their committees,and of top individual donors. Action Agenda for Election reform, Info. http://www.joeant.com/DIR/cat/3909/Campaign_and_Election_Reform

Campaign and Election Reform Add URL Become an Editor Login Home ... Politics > Campaign and Election Reform Subcategories Related Categories Sponsored Sites Dig!! 1 - 10 of A C D E G M S V Alliance for Better Campaigns Info. A public interest group seeking to improve elections by promoting high standards for candidate accountability, media coverage, and citizen engagement. www.bettercampaigns.org Reviewed by: sharis A C D E G M S V Campaigns for People Info. Organization formed to educate Texans about the serious problems with the state campaign system and to organize a broad coalition for change. Lists news, events and resources. www.campaignsforpeople.org Reviewed by: sharis A C D E G M S V Center for Voting and Democracy Info. Includes information on instant runoff voting (IRV), proportional representation (PR), campaign finance, redistricting, third parties, voter turnout, women and representation, race and representation, pending legislation, ballot measures, and voting right www.fairvote.org Reviewed by: netlibrarian A C D E G M S V Election Reform Information Network Info.

88. Washington Voter - Links For Voters based in Olympia, Washington, in these core areas state budget and tax policy,welfare reform, healthcare reform, education, citizenship political Parties http://www.washingtonvoter.org/links.html

89. Week 5, Lecture 3: Party Reform The issue of party reform in American politics. The need for reform Bill of indictmentsTwo parties don t provide enough choice How many would you need? Three? http://www.janda.org/b20/Lectures/Week 5/W5-3Party_Reform.htm

220 American Government and Politics Spring, 2000 Kenneth Janda, Instructor Week 5: Elite-Mass Linkage Lecture 3: Party Reform April 26 Questions raised in studying electoral systems in other countries and the nature of parties There are many differences between electoral systems in the US and in Europe The US has a fixed schedule of elections; European countries have flexible schedules. The US elects national, state, and local officials at one time; national elections in Europe are usually for seats in parliament only. The US elects members to congress from single-member districts; outside of Britain and France, European countries elect slates of party candidates from multimember districts. The US system emphasizes majority representation; outside Britain and France, European systems emphasize proportional representation. The US system downplays the importance of party in voting choice European systems play up the importance of party in voting choice There are many differences between the party systems in the US and in Europe The US has a two party system Only Britain even approaches a two-party system; most countries have multiple parties with genuine political importance.

90. Political Parties Risk Voter Pique Over Primary-election Reform Sunday, January 25, 2004. political parties risk voter pique over primaryelectionreform. By THOMAS SHAPLEY SEATTLE POST-INTELLIGENCER COLUMNIST. http://seattlepi.nwsource.com/opinion/157723_shapley25.html

Jump to Weather Traffic Webtowns Mariners ... Forums NEWS Local Neighborhoods Sports Nation/World ... Special Reports COMMENTARY Opinion Columnists Letters David Horsey ... Forums COFFEE BREAK Mike Mailway TV Listings FIND IT! NWclassifieds Jobs Autos Real Estate ... Obituaries P-I ANYWHERE E-mail Newsletters News Alerts PDA Cell Phones ... RSS Feeds OUR AFFILIATES Sunday, January 25, 2004 Political parties risk voter pique over primary-election reform By THOMAS SHAPLEY SEATTLE POST-INTELLIGENCER COLUMNIST OLYMPIA There is much for the state's political parties to lose in trying to implement their court victory on the primary election system. Limiting Washington voters' freedom to choose who will represent them could erode, not enhance, political party influence. The court battle is not over. The state has made a quixotic appeal for the U.S. Supreme Court to review the 9th Circuit Court's rejection of Washington's blanket primary. Word on whether the high court will accept the case is due in February or March. But because it has recently ruled a virtually identical primary system in California unconstitutional, it's unrealistic to hold out hope for a reprieve for Washington's primary. If we are to have a primary election less than eight months from now, the Legislature must approve an alternative primary system before it adjourns in March. Democratic House Speaker Frank Chopp says he wants a vote this session. Senate Republican Majority Leader Bill Finkbeiner has taken more of a wait-and-see approach, as has Gov. Gary Locke. But key committee chairwomen Republican Pam Roach in the Senate and Democrat Kathy Haigh in the House are willing to produce a bill.

91. R_0022_3816_357 if the intraparty conflict explanation as well as the partisanship and the politicalbusiness cycle theories are tested simultaneously on all reform events. http://www.politicalreviewnet.com/polrev/reviews/JOPO/R_0022_3816_357_1002585.as

92. Ingenta: Article Summary -- Banking On Reform: Political Parties And Central Ban Banking on reform political Parties and Central Bank Independence in the IndustrialDemocracies The Journal of Politics August 2003, vol. 65, no. 3, pp. http://www.ingenta.com/isis/searching/ExpandTOC/ingenta?issue=pubinfobike://bpl/

93. FINAL REPORT OF THE POLITICAL REFORM COMMISSION 13.6, Campaign Finance reform Campaign finance reform was a popular theme recommendationsto regulate campaign contributions to political parties and political http://www.belize.gov.bz/library/political_reform/p13.html

We want to hear from you. Send us your comments or ideas. CHAPTER 13 POLITICAL PARTIES AND THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM Introduction: The major concerns and questions expressed about political parties and the electoral system included: (1) Should political parties be regulated? (2) Should campaign finance be regulated? (3) Should the appointment and composition of the Election and Boundaries Commission be more independent? (4) Should there be a re-distribution of electoral divisions; (5) Should voting by proxy be expanded?; (6) Should election dates be pre-set? (7) Should the electorate have the right to initiate a referendum process? Registration and Regulation of Political Parties: It is the view of some that it is now time to register and to regulate the activities of political parties. The argument is that whereas the Laws of Belize make provision for the registration of most organizations including companies, trade unions, and cooperatives and for the licensing of many professionals and businesses, that the organizations seeking to govern the nation, need not be registered. It is also argued that (a) registration of political parties would give the public more access to the internal dynamics and operations of the parties and individuals that seek to lead them, and (b) regulation is needed to curtail corrupt practices of parties when in power. The main counter view its that political parties do not need to be registered nor regulated except if they are receiving public resources for which they must be accountable. Some point to the fact that election related activities of political parties are already regulated to some extent by election laws. The Commission notes that political parties, on their own have made both their constitutions and their official leaderships public information. It is the view of majority of the Commission that regulation of political parties is not now necessary and should not be instituted unless political parties at some point receive public resources. Additionally, the majority of the Commission was not convinced by arguments that political parties should be required to register.

94. President Bush Outlines Campaign Reform Principles Constitutional Approach President Bush believes reform should not favor any oneparty over another from giving soft money to political parties, and both http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/03/20010315-7.html

In Focus Medicare Iraq National Security Economic Security ... More Issues News Current News Press Briefings Proclamations Executive Orders ... Radio Addresses News by Date February 2004 January 2004 December 2003 November 2003 ... January 2001 Appointments Nominations Application Photos Photo Essays Federal Facts Federal Statistics West Wing History Home March 2001 For Immediate Release Office of the Press Secretary March 15, 2001 President Bush Outlines Campaign Reform Principles March 15, 2001 The Honorable Trent Lott Senate Majority Leader S-230, The Capitol Washington, DC 20510 Dear Senator Lott: As the Senate prepares to consider campaign finance reform legislation, I wanted to highlight my principles for reform. I am committed to working with the Congress to ensure that fair and balanced campaign reform legislation is enacted. These principles represent my framework for assessing campaign finance reform legislation. I remain open to other ideas to meet shared goals. I am hopeful that, working together, we can achieve responsible campaign finance reforms.

95. Carnegie Endowment For International Peace It calls for a national dialogue on political reform; revising the political partylaw to introduce tighter controls on funding and to make registration http://www.ceip.org/files/Publications/ARB-1-13-04.asp?from=pubtype

96. CBC News - Indepth Backgrounder: Chrétien's War On Campaign Contributions soft money – huge amounts of unregulated funds – to political parties, whichcould act as 1, 2003, under the newly enacted Bipartisan Campaign reform Act. http://www.cbc.ca/news/features/campaign_contributions030128.html

CBCCat = "Sports,News,Arts,Kids,Interactive"; Sports = "Hockey,Baseball,Football"; News = "Canada,World,SciTech,Local,Consumers,SpecialReports,Business"; Arts = "ArtsNews,Infoculture,Music,Books,ArtsFeatures"; Kids = "CBC4Kids,PreSchool,Teachers"; Interactive = "MessageBoards,Forums,Games,Media"; document.write(""); document.write(""); 04:12 PM EDT Jun 11 Indepth Viewpoint Last updated July 9, 2003 On June 11, 2003, Jean Chrétien's bill to radically change political financing easily passed the House of Commons by a vote of 172 to 62 (the New Democratic Party and the Bloc Québécois backed the bill, while the Canadian Alliance and the Conservatives were opposed). Bill C-24 limits corporate and union donations to political parties to a maximum of $1,000 and allows them only at the riding association level, not directly to federal parties. The bill also places a $5,000 limit on individual donations. A new system of public funding will be established to compensate for the funding shortfall, and will be based on the number of votes received by each party. Every vote received by a party in the previous election will earn a $1.75 taxpayer subsidy. Introduced on January 29, 2003, Bill C-24 is aimed at drastically reducing the amount of money that business and labour interests can give to political parties.

97. Political Parties Must Reform Says Commonwealth Secretary-General political parties must reform says Commonwealth SecretaryGeneral.Released 9 Sep 2002. Commonwealth Secretary-General Don McKinnon http://www.thecommonwealth.org/Templates/Internal.asp?NodeID=34974

98. Campaign Finance: S25: Bill Summary: Status For The 105th Congres Subtitle C Soft Money of Persons Other Than political Parties; Subtitle D BipartisanCampaign reform Act of 1997 Title I Senate Election Spending Limits and http://www.campaignfinancesite.org/legislation/s25.html

105th Congress 106th Congress 107th Congress This selection was excerpted from thomas.loc.gov. S.25 (Major Legislation) SPONSOR: Sen McCain (introduced 01/21/97) SUMMARY: (AS INTRODUCED) TABLE OF CONTENTS: Title I: Senate Election Spending Limits and Benefits Title II: Reduction of Special Interest Influence Subtitle A: Political Action Committees Subtitle B: Provisions Relating to Soft Money of Political Party Committees Subtitle C: Soft Money of Persons Other Than Political Parties Subtitle D: Contributions Subtitle E: Independent Expenditures Title III: Enforcement Title IV: Miscellaneous Title V: Constitutionality; Effective Date; Regulations Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 1997 - Title I: Senate Election Spending Limits and Benefits - Amends the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (FECA) to set forth Senate election spending limits and benefits. Entitles complying candidates to specified: (1) broadcast discounts and free time; and (2) postage reductions. Directs the Federal Election Commission (Commission) to certify a candidate who has met the requirements of this title as eligible for benefits (under such TITLE). (Sec. 106) Sets forth Senate candidate reporting requirements, including: (1) specification of in-State residents' contributions; and (2) expenditure of (candidate) personal funds.

99. Scotsman.com News - Politics - We Must Reform A Bankrupt System more critically about the effect on politics of negative The objection to reform isthat by relieving parties from with the idea that the Labour party might no http://news.scotsman.com/politics.cfm?id=114312002

100. This Is Reform? of the regulators they represented, the Bipartisan Campaign reform Act of Court, mostnotably bans unlimited donations to national political parties, those six http://www.motherjones.com/news/special_reports/2004/04/MJ100_200.html

Other ways to search for an article Current Issue Free MoJo Newsletters MoJournal Text HTML Must Reads ... Learn about paid content on MotherJones.com IN NEWS Eating Away at Science IN COMMENTARY A Bargain at Any Price PS Is the Bush Administration on Steroids? This Is Reform? The campaign finance rules have been rewritten, but candidates and their favorite special interests are out there raising more money than ever before. By Charles Lewis May 3, 2004 Welcome to Rangerville By Jodi Enda George W. Bush has built a fundraising machine like nothing ever seen in American politics thanks largely to the residents of super-wealthy suburbs like Indian Hill, Ohio. Bundles of Influence By Tim Shorrock and Michael Scherer The Bush campaign's Pioneers and Rangers are raising millions to re-elect the president. What do they expect in return? The Billion-Dollar Loophole By Michael Scherer The McCain-Feingold reform law didn't take soft money out of political campaigns; it simply redirected it to a new center of power. A Soft Money Glossary The new soft-money route threads through a tangled mess of non-profit groups named after cryptic portions of the tax code. Here's a quick primer.

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