21. NYISE: Puerto Rican History And Culture puerto rico its history, culture and facts including native fauna and Taino indian culture. Political Status Act. puerto rico, USA. Link to Maps of puerto rico puerto rico en la Red Internet. Taino Indian culture. The First Edition of The Modern Taino Dictionary http://www.nyise.org/caribe

CULTURE THE TAINO G OVERNMENT ... TOURISM NEWS and INFORMATION Libros Boriqua http://www.elsitio.com/ http://www.elboricua.com/ EL BORICUA is a monthly, cultural, bilingual publication for Puerto Ricans. Visit their new BoricuaKids section. http://www.mundonoticias.com/ El Nuevo Día Online Sample Ballot for the Political Status Act ... Noticentro 4 On-Line (in Spanish) The Chupacabra Home Page http://www.terra.com/ POLITICS and GOVERNMENT Spanish Super Market Checkout these books at Amazon.com The Official Seal ... Government of Puerto Rico: Office of the Governor Partido Nuevo Progresista Partido Popular Democratico Institute for Puerto Rican Policy Parties and Politics La Politica Puerto Rico Herald Population Projections for States by Age, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin: 1995 to 2025 : US Census Bureau Checkout these books PR Politics books at Amazon.com

22. Escape Artist Information includes art, music, history, culture, government, travel and other sections. http://www.escapeartist.com/puerto/rico.htm

Living in Puerto Rico Index for the Caribbean Moving To Puerto Rico ~ Living in Puerto Rico ~ Real Estate In Puerto Rico Real Estate In Puerto Rico - Current Property Listings Properties Available In Bahamas, Belize and other countries in the Caribbean - International Jobs Marketplace International Jobs Resources Articles On Living in The Caribbean Articles On Islands Around The World - Articles On Islands Around The World Articles about islands around the world listed by island Articles On Living in the Caribbean - Articles On Living in The Caribbean - An Index of Articles posted on This Website on Living in the Caribbean. Directory Of All Articles - Articles On Our Website Please submit it your Article! What we're looking for are ideas, not Pulitzer Prize writers. Ideas are what fuel our magazine and our website. You don't have to be a professional writer to submit an article that provides important information - - information that you yourself have learned by having been there and done it. Retire Overseas! Discover the world's 6 best places to live or retire...

23. The Jatibonicu Taino Tribal Nation Of Borikén This is the official tribal Government web site of the Jatibonicu Taino Tribal Nation of Boriken (puerto rico), featuring a wide range of pages on Taino culture and history, essays, photographs, links, and organizational information. http://www.taino-tribe.org/jatiboni.html

Government of the Jatibonicu Taino People This Is An Official Tribal Government Web Site Para La Versión En Hispañol Del Web Site TOQUE AQUI "ONE PEOPLE, ONE NATION, ONE DESTINY" The Flag of The Jatibonicu Taino Tribal Nation of Borikén The Great Seal of the Jatibonicu Taino Tribal Nation of Borikén The Taino Tribal Council of Jatibonicu Jatibonicu' Taino Tribe of Borikén "Great People of The Sacred High Waters" The MounTAINOus Region of Borikén Puerto Rico The Colibri Hummingbird is the Sacred Totem of the Taino Tribe of Jatibonicu' A Jatibonicu Taino Island Girl from the town of Morovis of the Jatibonicu Region Tau Ah Taiguey Guaitiao - Hello And Good Day Friends We of the tribe of Jatibonicu' and its Tribal Council of Elders and tribal members, extend to you a very warm Taino greeting. We who are the original people of the Island of Borikén (Puerto Rico), do hereby offically welcome you to our Boriken island homeland and our Taino tribal nation home page. This tribal web site is a humble tribute to our honored Taino ancestor Cacike Orocobix (Principal Chief, Remembrance of the First Mountain) of the tribe of Jatibonicu' and its Taino people. We of the Jatibonicu' tribe are known as the "Great People of the Sacred High Waters". Our tribe is located in the central mountain range of the island of Borikén. Our traditional Jatibonicu' tribal homeland, has a year long refreshing climate and is well known for its many lovely flowers and mounTAINOus sites. Come visit with us to the place of our birth and experience the warm Jibaro hospitality of the Jatibonicu Taino Boricua Native American Indian people of this quaint remote central mountain region.

24. Puerto Rico And The American Dream A forum on the history, culture and politics of puerto rico. Art gallery and oral histories. http://www.prdream.com/

este proyecto a forum on the history, culture and politics of Puerto Rico

25. Welcome To The Humane Society Of Puerto Rico! Society that provides for the better care of animals and aims at having a culture were animals are treated with respect. http://www.hspr.org/index2.html

26. Map Zones - Puerto Rico Map Offers basic information on the country's economy, culture, geography, and history. http://kids.mapzones.com/world/puerto_rico/

Introduction People History Culture ... Communications Legal system Organization Provinces Disputes Puerto Rico Introduction Back to Top Puerto Rico, freely associated commonwealth of the United States, composed of one large island and several small islands. Officially the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Spanish, Estado Libre Asociado de Puerto Rico), Puerto Rico is bordered on the north by the Atlantic Ocean; on the east by the Virgin Passage (which separates it from the Virgin Islands); on the south by the Caribbean Sea; and on the west by the Mona Passage (which separates it from the Dominican Republic). Puerto Rico became a US commonwealth on July 25, 1952. Official Name- Puerto Rico Capital City- San Juan Languages- Spanish, English Official Currency- US Dollar Religions- Catholic, Protestant Population- 3,892,000 Land Area- 9,100 sq km Puerto Rico Provinces Back to Top 78 municipalities (municipios, singular - municipio) at the second order; Adjuntas, Aguada, Aguadilla, Aguas Buenas, Aibonito, Anasco, Arecibo, Arroyo, Barceloneta, Barranquitas, Bayamon, Cabo Rojo, Caguas, Camuy, Canovanas, Carolina, Catano, Cayey, Ceiba, Ciales, Cidra, Coamo, Comerio, Corozal, Culebra, Dorado, Fajardo, Florida, Guanica, Guayama, Guayanilla, Guaynabo, Gurabo, Hatillo, Hormigueros, Humacao, Isabela, Jayuya, Juana Diaz, Juncos, Lajas, Lares, Las Marias, Las Piedras, Loiza, Luquillo, Manati, Maricao, Maunabo, Mayaguez, Moca, Morovis, Naguabo, Naranjito, Orocovis, Patillas, Penuelas, Ponce, Quebradillas, Rincon, Rio Grande, Sabana Grande, Salinas, San German, San Juan, San Lorenzo, San Sebastian, Santa Isabel, Toa Alta, Toa Baja, Trujillo Alto, Utuado, Vega Alta, Vega Baja, Vieques, Villalba, Yabucoa, Yauco

27. Puerto Rico Travel | Lonely Planet World Guide puerto rico puerto rico is where four centuries of Spanish Caribbean culture comes face to face with the American convenience store. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/caribbean/puerto_rico/

home search help worldguide ... Postcards Puerto Rico Puerto Rico is where four centuries of Spanish Caribbean culture comes face to face with the American convenience store. This leads to some strange juxtapositions - parking lots and plazas, freeways and fountains, skyscrapers and shanties - but it's all apiece with the Caribbean's hybrid history. Travellers who venture into the island's mountainous interior or explore its undeveloped coasts come across stately hill towns where the locals in the plaza seem to have been feeding the same pigeons for decades, and reefs where divers can see 30 species of fish in as many seconds. Add to this a spirited capital that blends mod cons with unabashed beach bumming and a perplexing culture that is proud of its past yet unable to seize its independence and you have the ingredients for an intriguing adventure. Area: 9,100 sq km Population: 3.91 million Language: Spanish; Castilian, English Religion: Roman Catholic (85%), Protestant Government: commonwealth of the United States Head of State: Chief Of State (US President) George W. Bush

28. SARGASSO Edited at the University of puerto rico. Publishes critical essays, interviews, book reviews, and some poems and short stories related to Caribbean theater, film, performance, and poetry and cultural analysis. http://upracd.upr.clu.edu:9090/huma/sargass.htm

SARGASSO A journal of Caribbean Literature, Language, and Culture Sargasso , an independent arts and literature magazine edited at the University of Puerto Rico, publishes critical essays, interviews, book reviews, and some poems and short stories. Sargasso particularly welcomes material written by the people of the Caribbean and/or about the Caribbean. Future issues will increasingly reflect the editors' interests in Caribbean theater, film, performance, and poetry and cultural analysis. Sargasso strives to make current studies in art, literature, and culture accessible to non-specialists. The prose should be clear, lively, and understandable to those not among the initiate. Essays and critical studies should conform to the style of the MLA Handbook . Short stories should be no more than 2,500 words in length, and poems should be kept to no more than twenty to thirty lines. All correspondence must include S.A.S.E. Mailing Address: Sargasso P.O. Box 22831 University of Puerto Rico Station San Juan, Puerto Rico 00931-2831

29. Puerto Rican Culture And History Your complete guide to puerto Rican history and culture puerto rico today is caught between two diverse cultures and is constantly under scrutiny and judgement increasingly be called upon to http://members.aol.com/np4cc/culture.htm

"Tal es, patria, tu sino, libertad conquistar, ciencia y ventura, sin dejar en las zarzas del camino ni un jirón de tu blanca vestidura" Puerto Rico (fragmento) " El día que muera la puertorriqueñidad se apagará para siempre una llama que llevan en el corazón todos los puertorriqueños..." Dancing the Plena Puerto Rico today is caught between two diverse cultures and is constantly under scrutiny and judgement of visitors with only a scant understanding of the island and its people. Outsiders and especially mainland Americans will increasingly be called upon to understand Puerto Rico and her unique culture. Apart from the very obvious difference in the language, many of these cultural differences are harder to specify and quantify than are the formal elements in common just mentioned. At social and cultural levels profound differences do exist between people of different backgrounds. The was the first infuence in Puerto Rican culture but it was Spanish culture which most greatly infuenced the island's history until the beggining of this century. When the Spanish forced the Tainos into slavery, virtually the entire indigenous population was decimated, except for a few Amerindians who escaped into the remote mountains. Eventually they intermarried with the poor Spanish farmers and became known as . Because of industrialization and migration to the cities few real remain. Puerto Rico also has a rich African culture dating from the importation of Africans as slaves by the Spaniards in past centuries. The people of Puerto Rico represent a mixture of races, cultures, languages and religions. They draw their unique heritage from the Tainos, from Spanish loyalists who sought refuge here, from the African slaves and from other Caribbean islanders who came to the island in search of jobs.The Spanish they speak is a mix too, different somewhat from Castillian Spanish, with many words borrowed from the pre-Colombian Amerindian tongue right up to modern-day English.American culture has had a progressive effect upon Puerto Rican culture since 1898 but especially so after the 40's. Some Puerto Ricans are not happy with the result of that influence; others welcome it.

30. El Boricua, A Cultural Site For Puerto Ricans traditions, Tainos, AfroBorinquen, symbols, poets, calendar, children songs, navidad, recipes, and short essays on puerto rico and our culture, plus a http://www.elboricua.com/

Home Page Last update 05/23/2004 Cultural History Caciques Vocabulary Related Links BIENVENIDOS Welcome to the internet home of EL BORICUA a monthly cultural publication - Cultural Anthropology - - Folklore and traditions - Puerto Rico, Puerto Ricans This site is viewed best with a screen setting at 800 x 600 pixels Special for EL BORICUA by Wilfredo Santiago-Valiente, PhD. W ith the Republican and Democratic Parties national conventions looming in the horizon, political parties in Puerto Rico have been jockeying into position to influence party platforms concerning the seemingly intractable, one-hundred years old issue of the political status of Puerto Rico. For background information purposes, let us briefly review party politics in Puerto Rico and the United States concerning this important issue and briefly examine some related developments in the course of the current American presidential campaign. read more. . .

31. José Barreiro, A Note On Tainos: Whither Progress? Text article depicts the cultural History of the Taino Indians both before and after the invasion from Spain and the eventual demise of their dominance of the islands. Cuba, Jamaica, puerto rico, Hispa±ola and other islands. http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/41/013.html

A Note on Tainos: Whither Progress? Northeast Indian Quarterly, pp. 66-77 Fall, 1990 Author's note: An appreciation is due John Mohawk, who contributed to an early version of this article. References in the body of the text refer to the Select Bibliography which follows this article. All ilIustrations except the photograph on page 76 are taken from Onelio Jorge Cardoso, Los Indocubanos. Havana: Gente Nueva, 1982. Taino culture was dominant throughout the Caribbean, a sea and island world that was in turn cradle of Taino civilization. In agriculture, seafaring and cosmology, Ciboney and Guanahatabey (western Cuba), Macorix and/or Ciguayo (Bohio) and even Carib (Lesser Antilles) all followed the material and much of the psycho-spiritual framework of the Taino. The original Caribbeans spoke Arawak. The people of the Arawak language family still comprise one of the more widespread American Indigenous cultures, with relatively large kinship nations in the Amazon and Orinoco river basins of South America. Throughout the Caribbean, usually in remote mountain ranges and coastal promontories, remnant groups and communities of Taino-Arawak and Carib descendants survive to the present. Aspects of the animistic and material culture of the Taino-Arawak have been adopted by the mestizo populations of the Caribbean and are interwoven into the Euro-African fabric of the islands' folk universe. The word Taino meant "men of the good," and from most indications the Tainos were good. Coupled to the lush and hospitable islands over millennium, and a half, the indigenous people of "La Taina" developed a culture where the human personality was gentle. Among the Taino at the time of contact, by all accounts, generosity and kindness were dominant values. Among the Taino peoples, as with most indigenous lifeways, the physical culture was geared toward a sustainable interaction with the natural surroundings. The Taino's culture has been designated as "primitive" by western scholarship, yet it prescribed a lifeway that strove to feed all the people, and a spirituality that respected, in ceremony most of their main animal and food sources, as well as the natural forces like climate, season and weather. The Taino lived respectfully in a bountiful place and so their nature was bountiful. (Jane 1930)

32. Taínos Of Puerto Rico, A Cultural Site In 1542, a Bishop was sent to puerto rico to inform the Indians of their new 2. Taíno, PreColumbian Art and culture from the Caribbean; published by El Museo http://www.elboricua.com/history.html

Tainos Cultural History Homepage Cultural History Caciques Vocabulary ... Related Links by: Ivonne Figueroa Edited by Barbara Yañez, Assistant WebSite Editor Imagine the "Eden" called Borikén. It was ruled by nature. A place that was almost completely a rain forest from shore to shore. A place filled with yagrumos, alelis, ceibas, orchids, wild mushrooms - some over 6 feet wide, over 100 species of palm trees, bamboo, elephant ear leaves of the yautía, giant philodendron, giant ferns, mamey and guava trees. A place where wildlife such as cangrejos, manatees, giant sea turtles, iguanas, cotorras, and carpinteros lived undisturbed by man. Giant fish jumped out of rivers and oceans. Each evening Boriken was cooled by the breezes of the Mar Caribe and serenaded by trillions of coquies. This was our Isla del Encanto during the reign of the brave Taíno people. In spite of having been almost completely wiped out within two decades, the Taínos left us their heritage - a legacy. Traces of Taíno physical characteristics are found in Taíno descendants clustered in areas of Borinquen. The names of many towns (Mayagüez, Coamo), foods (mamey), instruments, trees and plants are original Taíno names. We have little detailed knowledge of Taíno culture, religion and daily life. What we know comes from Spanish documents and from recent excavations.

33. Index An exhibition at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, which examines the history, culture, and traditions of puerto rico as reflected in the Teodoro Vidal Collection of puerto Rican Material culture. http://americanhistory.si.edu/vidal/index.htm

The Vidal Exhibition Floorplan Scenes A Collector's Vision History ... The Great Puerto Rican Family The Vidal Collection Browse by Object Browse with Thumbnails Browse with the Index Search the Collection ... Credits and Acknowledgments Users of the National Museum of American History web site, A Collector's Vision of Puerto Rico Back to Virtual Exhibitions National Museum of American History Home Page

34. Puerto Rican Culture And History Outsiders and especially mainland Americans will increasingly be called upon to understand puerto rico and her unique culture. Apart http://prboriken.com/culture.htm

35. Legado Taino Rustic art and decoration, including curios, incense holders, hangings, and wall decor, inspired by the Taino Indian culture of puerto rico. http://www.legadotaino.com/

36. NYBoricua puerto rico and New York City festivals, events, culture, and links. http://www.nyboricua.com/

nyboricua >>>>>> ENTER HERE >>>>>> < ENTER HERE YOU ARE GUEST # var site="s10nyboricua"

37. Puerto Rico Tourism Company | Travel Guide To Puerto Rico puerto rico Tourism Company Official site includes nightlife, area sports, culture, and travel information. http://www.gotopuertorico.com/

Escape to our Paradores, Puerto Rico's Country Inns Tucked away from San Juan's hustle and bustle, the Paradores give you the chance to discover the heart of Puerto Rican hospitality. Find out more! Take advantage of our "Puerto Rico is Fun!" package! Receive your 4th night free, room upgrades, car rental discounts, and more! Click here for details! Visiting Puerto Rico? Our Travel Planner makes it fun and easy! Find a place to stay and things to do with our interactive map!

38. SOC.CULTURE.PUERTO-RICO: Introduction And FAQ SOC.culture.puertorico Introduction and FAQ. There are reader questions on this topic! Help others by sharing your knowledge Newsgroups soc.culture.puerto-rico, soc.culture.latin-america Subject SOC.culture.puerto-rico Introduction and FAQ http://www.faqs.org/faqs/puerto-rico-FAQ

Usenet FAQs Search Web FAQs Documents ... RFC Index SOC.CULTURE.PUERTO-RICO: Introduction and FAQ There are reader questions on this topic! Help others by sharing your knowledge From: zortizl@eos.ncsu.edu (Zeydy Ortiz Laureano) Newsgroups: soc.culture.puerto-rico soc.culture.latin-america zortizl@eos.ncsu.edu http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/puerto-rico-FAQ/ ... LISTSERV%ENLACE.BITNET@uga.cc.uga.edu and messages to the group to BORIKEN%ENLACE.BITNET@uga.cc.uga.edu . Some readers of soc.culture.puerto-rico are or were in the BORIKEN mailing list. ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~ Subject: Reminders Due to differences in the experiences in the life of every person, disagreement and misunderstanding are very likely to occur. We can learn from each other and broaden our knowledge if the arguments are kept in focus and not as personal attacks. Before posting to soc.culture.puerto-rico, please read the newsgroup news.announce.newusers

39. Puerto Rican Literature He was a man of the Antilles, an educator and writer that influenced not only the politics and culture of puerto rico, but is still revered throughout Latin http://www.geocities.com/TheTropics/3684/lit.html

The first three centuries after Puerto Rico was discovered by Columbus were empty of literary expression. The low level of population and the degree of abandonment by Spain created an dry desert in terms of our literature. The only writings that came out of the island were those of the Spanish cronists like , and others. These writings, however, were mainly done for the purpose of keeping the Spanish king aware of what was happening in his colonies. There was, however, oral manifestations of literature in the way of popular coplas and decimas, yet it was not until the XIX century that written literary production began in Puerto Rico. The first book to be published was Ocios de la Juventud by the Spanish poet in 1806 and, slowly but surely, with the growth of the population came the need for its own literary expression. In 1849

40. Directory Of Resources For Research On Puerto Rico Comprehensive virtual library, in English and Spanish, with sections about history, politics, culture, Vieques, the economy, general reference, media and many others. http://home.coqui.net/ciales15/

Directorio de Recursos para el Estudio de Puerto Rico Directory of Resources for Research on Puerto Rico We are not responsible for the content of these resources - No somos responsables del contenido de los recursos listados Sugerencias - Feedback Agriculture Genealogy Pedro Albizu Campos ... Women Agriculture Agricultural Statistics (1932-1944) Governor's Reports for Puerto Rico in 1932, 1933, 1937, 1940 and 1944. Agriculture During the Great Depression From Federal Writers Project, 1940. Cooperatives From Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration Annual Report, Year Ended June 30, 1940. Puerto Rico Agricultural Statistics Service Field office of the National Agricultural Statistics Service, United States Department of Agriculture and The Office of Agricultural Statistics, Puerto Rico Department of Agriculture. Puerto Rico Census of Agriculture Tables Percent of farms and of cuerdas by value of sales, selected crops harvested, market value of crops sold, livestock, fish, poultry, and their products, and additional agricultural data from 1993 to 1998 (PDF format), requiring Adobe Acrobat Reader software.

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