41. Http//britishpolio.org http//britishpolio.org/. http://www.britishpolio.org/

http://britishpolio.org/ http://britishpolio.org/

42. The Polio Quiz Translate this page The polio Quiz. Take the polio Quiz! ¡Responde al Cuestionario sobre la polio! Réponds au questionnaire sur la polio! Responda o Teste da Pólio! http://www.unicef.org/voy/quiz/polio.html

The Polio Quiz Take the Polio Quiz! ¡Responde al Cuestionario sobre la Polio! Réponds au questionnaire sur la polio! Responda o Teste da Pólio!

43. Vacunas Polio De Aventis Pasteur Informaci³n sobre la vacunaci³n contra los virus de la polio. Historial de la investigacion y desarrollo de la vacuna. http://www.polio-vaccine.com/es/index.html

44. Lincolnshire Post-Polio Library [BROMOCRIPTINE IN THE TREATMENT OF POST-POLIO FA Report on a scientific study on bromocriptine in the treatment of postpolio fatigue. http://www.ott.zynet.co.uk/polio/lincolnshire/library/harvest/bromo.html

BROMOCRIPTINE IN THE TREATMENT OF POST-POLIO FATIGUE: A pilot study with implications for the pathophysiology of fatigue. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 1997 (in press) Lincolnshire Post-Polio Library copy by arrangement with the Harvest Center Library Post-Polio Rehabilitation and Research Service Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation East Orange, New Jersey Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation UMDNJ/New Jersey Medical School Newark, New Jersey Harvest Center Hackensack, New Jersey Address all correspondence and reprint requests to: Dr. Richard L. Bruno, Post-Polio Rehabilitation and Research Service, Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, 300 Market Street, Saddle Brook, New Jersey 07662. This research was supported by grants from the George Ohl, Jr. Infantile Paralysis Foundation, Sandoz Pharmaceuticals, The Joel Leff Charitable Trust, and the Deluxe Corporation. Short Title: Bromocriptine and Post-Polio Fatigue ABSTRACT Objective: Determine the effectiveness of bromocriptine in the treatment of severe and disabling post-polio fatigue. Design: Placebo-controlled drug trial in a pilot series of patients.

45. PBS - Retired Site The A Paralyzing Fear The Story of polio in America site has been retired from pbs.org. To find related content, try a keyword http://www.pbs.org/storyofpolio/

The "A Paralyzing Fear: The Story of Polio in America" site has been retired from pbs.org. To find related content, try a keyword search , visit a related neighborhood or browse our Programs A-Z menu

46. Lincolnshire Post-Polio Library [Anticholinesterase-responsive Neuromuscular Jun Article about anticholinesteraseresponsive neuromuscular junction transmission defects in post-poliomyelitis fatigue. http://www.zynet.co.uk/ott/polio/lincolnshire/library/trojan/anticholinesterase_

JNS 03922 Anticholinesterase-responsive neuromuscular junction transmission defects in post-poliomyelitis fatigue Daria A. Trojan, Daniel Gendron and Neil R. Cashman Department of Neurology McGill University Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital Montreal, Quebec, Canada (Received 27 May, 1992) (Revised, received 18 August, 1992) (Accepted 28 August, 1992) Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 114 (1993) 170-177 Lincolnshire Post-Polio Library copy by kind permission of Dr. Trojan Correspondence to: Neil R. Cashman, M.D., Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4. Tel.: (514) 398-8532: Fax: (514) 398-8540. Key words: Postpoliomyelitis syndrome; Neuromuscular junction; Single fiber electromyography; Fatigue; Anticholinesterase; Electromyography Summary Disabling generalized fatigue and muscle fatiguability are common features of post-poliomyelitis syndrome (PPS). In 17 fatigued PPS patients, we measured jitter on stimulation single-fiber electromyography (S-SFEMG) for at least 3.5 min before and after i.v. injection of 10 mg edrophonium. We observed reduction in jitter (defined as a significant difference in jitter means before and after edrophonium, unpaired t -test P P P P = 0.03). In addition, the 9 pyridostigmine responders experienced a significant reduction in jitter means pre- and post-edrophonium (100% vs. 88%, Bonferroni corrected

47. Centre For The Rehabilitation Of The Disabled Offers shelter, community programmes, support groups, and physiotherapy treatement for children affected with polio. http://www.poliohomechildren.org/

"Whosoever shall receive this child in my name receiveth me: and whosoever shall receive me receiveth him that sent me: for he that is least among you all, the same shall be great." -The Bible- Formerly Home for Handicapped (Polio) Children LMS Compound, Trivandrum - 695 033 Kerala, India Tel: Fax: e-mail: CRD Home The CRD Community Programmes ... Do You Wish to Help? Site construction by Colin @ Purple Leaf

48. SAPP Online Information on polio, postpolio syndrome, diagnosis, treatment, biographies, links to other resources, and equipment for the disabled. http://freenet.sfn.saskatoon.sk.ca/health/polio/

Saskatchewan Awareness of Post Polio Society Inc. Thanks for visiting our site. We have moved to a new home. Click on the link below to enter the website. While you are there, be sure to update your bookmark or link with our new location. Click this icon to go to the new Sapp Online!!!

49. Development Of Polio Vaccines Access Excellence Classic Collection. Development of polio Vaccines. by Bonnie World Health and the Eradication of polio. The discovery http://www.accessexcellence.org/AE/AEC/CC/polio.html

Access Excellence Classic Collection Development of Polio Vaccines by Bonnie A. Maybury Okonek and Linda Morganstein, editor In 1921, outbreaks of poliomyelitis plagued America. That summer, a young politician named Franklin Delano Roosevelt was vacationing with his family at their Campobello estate. After an exhausting day fighting a local forest fire, taking a cold swim for relief, and then lounging in his wet swimsuit at home, he went to bed feeling as though he had contracted a cold. In a few days Roosevelt found out he had polio. As it did with Roosevelt, polio can strike quickly. The virus enters the body by nose or mouth and travels to the intestines, where it incubates. A few days later, most patients are either asymptomatic or they experience flu-like symptoms, such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Whether they are symptomatic or not, people at this stage can pass the disease on to others. Polio can be spread through contact with infected feces or through infected droplets traveling through the air, in food, or in water. The virus next enters the bloodstream, and the patient makes antibodies against it. In most cases, this stops the progression of the virus; lifelong immunity against the disease is acquired. 10% of infected people develop symptoms and 1% develop the paralytic form of polio. Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center.

50. CNN.com - For Polio Survivors, Another Hurdle Decades Later - June 4, 2001 CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/conditions/06/04/post.polio/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe set your edition Languages Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW For polio survivors, another hurdle decades later Dr. Lauro Halstead, who directs the post-polio program at the National Rehabilitation Hospital in Washington, suffers from PPS From Rea Blakey CNN Medical Unit WASHINGTON (CNN) As many as 20 million people around the world who survived childhood polio are at risk of developing new symptoms of the disease decades later, the March of Dimes said Monday, but too little is known about the condition to adequately address it. The organization has released two reports on post-polio syndrome (PPS) to help doctors and patients find ways to diagnose and treat the illness. "There is no definitive test for PPS," said Dr. Christopher Howson of the March of Dimes, "so it's very hard to diagnose and is generally done through a process of excluding other disease conditions." Dr. Lauro Halstead, who directs the post-polio program at the National Rehabilitation Hospital in Washington, is among those polio survivors now grappling with the syndrome. He first contracted the disease as a college student in the 1950s a period when mere mention of the condition could cause panic, because it was so contagious and so debilitating.

51. Arctica: Tell Me More About Polio Tell Me More About polio. polio is caused by damage to the motor neurons (or voluntary nerves) of the spinal cord after an infection by the poliovirus. http://www.accessexcellence.org/arc/polio.html

Credits Home Competition Addenda ... Help Tell Me More About Polio By Christopher J. Rutty, Ph.D Health Heritage Research Services POLIO (Poliomyelitis) is one of the most dramatic infectious diseases of the 20th century, which, thanks to the mass use of two types of polio vaccines introduced in the mid-1950s and early 1960s, is now approaching global eradication. During the first half of the 20th century, the grim terror of crippling polio epidemics regularly, though randomly, swept across the United States and Canada (and most of the industrialized world) with increasing ferocity, suddenly leaving large numbers of otherwise healthy children, and adults, permanently disabled, or dead due to paralysis of their breathing muscles. Polio is an ancient, though mainly harmless, infection of the intestinal tract that rarely progresses beyond a mild flu-like illness to invade the central nervous system and cause damage in the spinal cord. In nature, the poliovirus can only multiply in humans, although some monkey species can be deliberately infected in laboratories, and it can only survive outside the body in water or sewage for limited periods of time. The virus is spread from person to person by invisible carriers, mostly by faecal oral contamination through such common activities as changing a baby's diaper. During the late 19th and early 20th century, paralytic polio moved from an isolated childhood affliction, to a worsening epidemic threat, ironically, because of improving public health and hygiene standards that prevented, or delayed, an almost universal immunizing exposure to the virus during infancy when the body's immune system could easily fight it off before it caused any damage.

52. CNN - Polio Vaccine Policy May Change - June 16, 1999 CNN http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9906/16/polio.vaccine.01/index.html

[an error occurred while processing this directive] MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. LOCAL ... daily almanac MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists. Enter your address: document.write(' '); Or: Get a free e-mail account E-MAIL DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: AsiaNow Svenska Norge Danmark ... Italian FASTER ACCESS: europe japan TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: more networks transcripts SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: health > story page Polio vaccine policy may change POLIO QUICK FACTS Polio , short for poliomyelitis, is a viral infection that may lead to paralysis and death. It is caused by three closely related viruses and is most commonly spread by direct contact with infected individuals. A vaccine developed by Dr. Jonas Salk in the 1950s has virtually eliminated polio from most of the world. The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a goal of global eradication of polio by the year 2000. In 1994, the WHO declared the Americas free of polio. The last case was reported in Peru in 1991.

53. UN Polio Cases Spreading CNN http://cnn.com/2004/WORLD/africa/03/19/nigeria.polio.ap/index.html

54. MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Poliomyelitis Alternative names Return to top. polio; Infantile paralysis Definition Return to top. poliomyelitis polio occurs worldwide. However http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001402.htm

@import url(http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/images/advanced.css); Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Poliomyelitis Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Causes, incidence, and risk factors ... Prevention Illustrations Fly Poliomyelitis Alternative names Return to top Polio; Infantile paralysis Definition Return to top Poliomyelitis is a disorder caused by a viral infection (poliovirus) that can affect the whole body, including muscles and nerves. Severe cases may cause permanent paralysis or death. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Poliomyelitis is a communicable disease caused by infection with the poliovirus. Transmission of the virus occurs by direct person-to-person contact, by contact with infected secretions from the nose or mouth, or by contact with infected feces. The virus enters through the mouth and nose, multiplies in the throat and intestinal tract, and then is absorbed and spread through the blood and lymph system . Incubation (the time from being infected with the virus to developing symtoms of disease) ranges from 5 to 35 days (average 7 to 14 days). Risks include: lack of immunization against polio travel to an area that has experienced a polio outbreak pregnancy; very old or very young age

55. CNN.com - Three Nigerian States Halt Polio Vaccinations Over AIDS Fears - Oct. 2 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/10/27/nigeria.polio.reut/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-Mail Services CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Three Nigerian states halt polio vaccinations over AIDS fears In November 2002, officials went door to door administering oral polio vaccine in the Nigerian state of Kano. Story Tools RELATED World Health Organization: Nigeria YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Nigeria Diseases AIDS (Disease) World Health Organization (WHO) or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? ABUJA, Nigeria (Reuters) Three states in northern Nigeria have suspended a polio immunization program led by the World Health Organisation (WHO) because they feared it spread AIDS and caused infertility, Nigerian officials said on Monday. In Geneva, the WHO said there was no question about the purity or safety of the vaccine it used and warned that Nigeria was exporting the disease to neighbouring countries. The mainly-Muslim states of Kano, Zamfara and Kaduna suspended the program last week, said Chinwere Chukwuani, a director at Nigeria's National Polio Immunization Office. She told Reuters the suspension meant the debilitating disease could spread further in Nigeria, one of only seven countries where the virus is still prevalent and which has the highest number of cases in the world.

56. CNN.com - Islamic-ruled Nigerian State Rejects Polio Vaccine - Feb. 22, 2004 CNN http://cnn.com/2004/WORLD/africa/02/22/nigeria.polio.ap/index.html

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Services CNNtoGO Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Islamic-ruled Nigerian state rejects polio vaccine Province at heart of outbreak alleges anti-Muslim plot Oluwatope Ewunuga, 2, gets his thumb painted to show he was immunized in Lagos, Nigeria, in this photo from October 24, 2003. Story Tools RELATED Mother sentenced to stoning freed Beauty queens flee Nigeria Pakistan region adopts Shariah YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Nigeria Islam Health or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? KADUNA, Nigeria (AP) A northern state in Nigeria that is at the heart of a spreading polio outbreak said Sunday that it would not relent on its boycott of a mass vaccination program, which it has called a U.S. plot to spread AIDS and infertility among Muslims. "Kano state will not participate in tomorrow's polio campaign. Our team made the discovery of contaminants first, remember," state government spokesman Sule Ya'u Sule told The Associated Press, referring to tests the state says its scientists conducted on the polio vaccine last year. "Unless we are convinced by our committee [of health experts] that the oral polio vaccines are safe, the exercise remains suspended in Kano state," Sule said.

57. POLIO CONNECTION **** polio CONNECTION OF AMERICA****. polio VICTIMS ARE EXCEPTIONAL PEOPLE . Welcome, polio Survivors to our Home, our polio Information Home Page. http://www.geocities.com/w1066w/

**** POLIO CONNECTION OF AMERICA**** 'POLIO VICTIMS ARE EXCEPTIONAL PEOPLE' Welcome, Polio Survivors to our Home, our Polio Information Home Page. We are glad you looked for us and found us and do hope you will find below information that will improve your Quality of Life. Free Sample Newsletter Main Menu Listing of 'Polio Doctors' Free Equipment ... Secure our Polio publications for your library. This will conserve your limited time, effort and strength It is our belief that our publications contain everything that you may want to know "Knowledge is Power for You and Other Polio Survivors" Main Menu Did you have Polio? Or, know someone who did? We will mail to you and/or a Polio Survivor friend a FREE sample copy of our Polio Connection Newsletter. HELP US TO HELP YOU. JOIN WITH US Polio Connection Publications POST-POLIO SYNDROME INFORMATION BOOKS POLIO CONNECTION NEWSLETTER ... POLIO VACCINE COVERUP BOOKLET Polio Health Sources POLIO DOCTORS, CLINICS, ETC. POST-POLIO SYNDROME RESEARCH Polio Connection of America Purpose POLIO CONNECTION POLICY STATEMENT **WHAT WE FIGHT FOR** Polio Resources GENERAL POLIO INFORMATION SOURCES, ETC.

58. Welcome To The Post-Polio Resource Group Formed by polio survivors to provide information and support to polio survivors and their families and to educate the medical community and the general public about postpolio syndrome (PPS). http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/4760/

polio post-polio disability pain weakness polio post-polio disability pain weakness polio post-polio disability pain weakness polio post-polio disability pain weakness Welcome! Since the Post-Polio Resource Group was founded in 1985, our mission has been to inform and transform the lives of polio survivors with regard to our medical, emotional, social, spiritual, and other life needs - especially as we experience the new and debilitating symptoms of Post-Polio Syndrome. Enter PPRG Home Page Click on the headline below to read a current news article that mentions polio. Don't forget to bookmark this page first (add to you favorites) so you can return to the PPRG web site. Please let other polio survivors and their loved ones know about us. We're all in this together. PPRG web site has been online since May 1, 1997 The pop-up advertisements were placed there by our web site host, Yahoo! GeoCities, to help pay for the cost of providing a home for our web site. Their presence on our web pages does not mean the PPRG endorses any advertised product or service. This page hosted by Yahoo! GeoCities. Get your own

59. Vaincre La Poliomyélite polio dus au virus http://www.polio-vaccine.com/

VAINCRE LA POLIO LA POLIO EN CHIFFRES PARTENAIRES LA MALADIE ... LES VACCINS plus de cas de polio dus au virus sauvage d'ici fin 2004. ACTUALITES 930 cas en 2003 Objectif : interrompre la transmission de la maladie dans le monde entier. LIENS UTILES QUI SOMMES NOUS CONTACTS Aventis Pasteur ... Dire la Science , PUF, Paris, janvier 2004).

60. Mazzy's Castle Life as a polio survivor, and facing disability a second time with Postpolio Syndrome. http://www.ppsweb.net/mazzy/

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