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         Pirates Buccaneers Privateers:     more detail
  1. Way of the Pirate: A Biographical Directory of Pirates, Buccaneers and Privateers by Robert Downie, 2006-02-25
  2. The Sea Rovers: Pirates, Privateers, and Buccaneers by Albert Marrin, 1984-04-01
  3. Pirates!: Brigands, Buccaneers, and Privateers in Fact, Fiction, and Legend by Jan Rogozinski, 1995-05
  4. Buccaneers of the Pacific - Of the Bold English Buccaneers, Pirates, Privateers & Gentleman Adventurers... by George Wycherley, 1928
  5. Marauders of the Sea, Being a Compilation of Stories Both Historical & Fictional of Various Exploits of the Most Notorious Corsairs, Buccaneers, Pirates, Mutineers, Privateers, Marooners by Edited & with an Introduction By N. C. Wyeth, 1935
  6. Scourge of the Seas: Buccaneers, Pirates & Privateers (General Military) by Angus Konstam, 2007-03-27
  7. MARAUDERS OF THE SEA BEING A COMPILATION OF STORIES BOTH HISTORICAL AND FICTIONAL OF VARIOUS EXPLOITS OF THE MOST NOTORIOUS CORFAIRS, BUCCANEERS, PIRATES, MUTINEERS, PRIVATEERS, MAROONERS & C.
  8. Pirates and Privateers in the New World (Cover-to-Cover Informational Books: Moments History) by Shirley Jordan, 2001-08
  9. Pirates and Privateers of the Caribbean by Jennifer Marx, 1992-01-01
  10. Pirates and Privateers (Cover-To-Cover Books) by Shirley Jordan, 2002-06

1. Pirates, Privateers, And Buccaneers Theme Page
pirates, privateers, buccaneers Surveystyle information on the pretexts, methods,and locations of commiting North American sea crimes in the 16th and 17th
http://www.cln.org/themes/pirates.html
Pirates, Privateers, and Buccaneers Theme Page This "Theme Page" has links to two types of resources related to the study of pirates, privateers, and buccaneers. Students and teachers will find curricular resources (information, content...) to help them learn about this topic. In addition, there are also links to instructional materials (lesson plans) which will help teachers provide instruction in this theme. Please read our
[The] Barbary Treaties
Text of a treaty signed between the Bey of Tunis and the United States in 1799 intended to control the Barbary pirates.
Beej's Pirate Image Archive
[The] Canadian Privateering Homepage
"In Canada's past privateers were an accepted and respected way of waging war, and often the only means of defence for isolated Canadian communities. " Dan Conlin wrote a Master's Thesis on Privateering in Canada with a special interest in Nova Scotia events. His web site offers a FAQ section, a searchable database of Canadians involved in privateering, and a list of Canadian privateering ships.
Captain Scharf's Pirate Project
An example of what can be done with a web quest project. Some of the links were dead when the site was reviewed, but the concept is generalizable.

2. Legends - Pirates And Privateers
Exploring Legends in History, Folklore, Literature, Fiction, and the Arts. The romantic pirates, buccaneers, and privateers we grew up on may bear little resemblance to for the Restraining and Punishing of privateers pirates ( 1681), at the Connecticut
http://www.legends.dm.net/pirates
Pirates Privateers
Sources Blackbeard Drake Captain Kidd T he romantic pirates , buccaneers, and privateers we grew up on may bear little resemblance to the reality, yet the myth that was born of Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island remains compelling. Here is a guide to both facts and fiction on the net:
Facts
Treasures of the Pirate Ship Whydah in Provincetown, Massachusetts is a public display of artifacts from the first pirate ship ever salvaged. Commanded by pirate captain Samuel Bellamy, the Whydah sank off the coast of Massachusetts in 1717. The site includes articles on the excavations. New URL. The Lives of Mary Read and Anne Bonny , the most notorious female pirates, from A General History of the Pirates (which is not by Daniel Defoe). (1681), at the Connecticut River Museum site. New URL. The New England Pirate Museum site includes educational materials for various grade levels. New URL. Beej's Pirate Image Archive includes maps, documents, and public domain portraits. New URL.
Fiction
The Adventures of Peter Pan by J. M. Barrie, as HTML, from Project Gutenberg. New URL.

3. Captain William Kidd. Pirates, Buccaneers, Privateers & Swashbucklers. Castlebou
To sail back to the buccaneers, privateers Swashbucklers navigation page click Byrne,V le s Ireland, Marie Antoinette, pirates, buccaneers Swashbucklers
http://www.vleonica.com/w_kidd.html
Kingdom of Jubilee
E-mail

About Me

Gabriel Byrne
...
Cooking for Health

Captain William Kidd
Kidd's Ship
Ballad of Captain Kidd
My name was Captain Kidd, when I sail'd, when I sail'd,
When I sail'd, when I sail'd.
Not many leagues from shore, When I sail'd. You're welcome to my gold, For I must die, I must die. Farewell to Lunnon town, The pretty girls all round, Farewell, for I must die. Then to eternity, in hideous misery, I must lie, I must lie. Captain Kidd experienced a short-lived pirating career, but in it he managed to have a great many people killed, some of which he himself murdered in cold blood. To return to whince ye came, click on William Kidd's ship above. Captain Kidd burying some of his treasure. To sail back to the navigation page click on the ship. The "Kingdom of Jubilee" V'le's: Sir William's Castle Gabriel Byrne V'le's Ireland Marie Antoinette ... Blue Ribbon Recipes Trina's: "Emerald Isle" "Castlebound Enterprises" Sue's: Ultimate Great Health Cookbook Letters From Santa Custom Christmas Cards Polite Subtle Hints This site is brought to by the Kingdom of Jubilee

4. Books On Pirates, Privateers And Buccaneers
pirates and buccaneers Books about Piracy on the High Seas pirates. Books on buccaneers and privateers. Related Books Dover Pubns; ISBN 0486276074. pirates! Brigands, buccaneers, and privateers in Fact, Fiction, and Legend
http://www.sixstroke.com/books/military/pirates.htm

5. Pirates Homepage
pirates, buccaneers and privateers pirates aircraft. Click here togo to some Questions about pirates, privateers and buccaneers.
http://www.rochedalss.eq.edu.au/pirates/pirate1.htm
Pirates, Privateers, Buccaneers Pirate Questions Famous Pirates Treasure Island ... Pirate Awards Guest Book: Sign View Main Page Rochedale State School Pages maintained and created by Glenda Crew PIRATES, BUCCANEERS and PRIVATEERS:
PIRATES:
"Piracy" in international law, is the crime of robbery, or other act of violence for private ends, on the high seas or in the air above the seas, committed by the captain or crew of a ship or aircraft outside the normal jurisdiction of any nation, and without authority from any government. The persons who engage in acts of piracy are called "pirates". International treaties and national legislation have sometimes applied the term "piracy" to attacks on the high seas authorized by a government, in violation of international law; to actions by insurgents acting for political purposes; or to violent acts on board a vessel under control of its officers. Such acts, however, are not regarded as piracy under the law of nations. Piracy is distinguished from "privateering" in that the latter is authorized by a belligerent in time of war; privateering was legally abolished by the Declaration of Paris of 1856, but the United States and certain other nations did not assent to the declaration. Piracy is recognized as an offense against the law of nations. It is a crime not against any particular state, but against all humanity. The crime may be punished in the competent tribunal of any country in which the offender may be found, or carried, although the crime may have been committed on board a foreign vessel on the high seas. The essence of piracy is that the pirate has no valid commission from a sovereign state, or from an insurgent or belligerent government engaged in hostilities with a particular state. Pirates are regarded as common enemies of all people. In that nations have an equal interest in their apprehension and punishment, pirates may be lawfully captured on the high seas by the armed vessels of any state and brought within its territorial jurisdiction for trial in its tribunals.

6. Pirates Homepage
pirates, buccaneers and privateers find out what these terms mean.Some famous pirates - Henry Morgan, Blackbeard, William Kidd
http://www.rochedalss.eq.edu.au/pirates/
Year 5 Pirate Photos Famous Sea Poems Visitors' Pirates Dress Up Year 2 Pirates Dress Up ... Email Us Guest Book: Sign View Main Page Rochedale State School Pages maintained and created by Glenda Crew One of the Year 5 themes is on Pirates. We hope you find our work interesting and informative. All work has been researched or written by Year 5A at Rochedale State School. Click on the picture below or the menu to the left, to go to the topic. Pirates, Buccaneers and Privateers - find out what these terms mean. Some famous pirates - Henry Morgan, Blackbeard, William Kidd, Bartholomew Roberts, Mary Read and Anne Bonny. Treasure Island by R.L. Stevenson - read our summary of this famous pirate story. Pirate Stories - read our bloodthirsty Pirate stories. Pirate Poems - read some Limericks that we wrote about Pirates. Pirate Questions - Test your knowledge and answer our Pirate Questions. Want some Pirate games? We've been looking at a couple from

7. Pirates, Buccaneers, Privateers & Other Low-life Types | Metafilter
September 11, 2003. Can the RIAA grab money from a 12 year old if the industry is using P2P network data in their business models? posted by magullo at 828 AM PST trackback (10 comments total)
http://www.metafilter.com/mefi/28224
Friday, June 11, 2004 3:33 AM PST Home Archives MetaTalk Login ... Etc
September 11, 2003
Can the RIAA grab money from a 12 year old if the industry is using P2P network data in their business models
posted by magullo at 8:28 AM PST [ trackback ] (10 comments total)
This post was deleted for the following reason: posted earlier
Yes they can and they did and we tolerated them because I see no riots ongoing on streets. It's people (consumer in the eye of RIAA) that can scare the hell out of RIAA. A number of them.
posted by elpapacito at 8:38 AM PST on September 11
Yes

posted by valerie at 8:45 AM PST on September 11
Well, that's interesting. Gotta love that. So, in theory, shutting down Kazaa and the like is bad for business?
posted by djspicerack at 8:47 AM PST on September 11
People, people. It's not P2P technology that the RIAA is against, it's the downloading of illegal copies of music. That P2P technology facilitates this moreso than other technologies is simply a sidebar in the argument.
But, continue railing as you were, don't let facts and argument get in the way.

8. Pirates, Buccaneers & Privateers - An English Graphical Bibliography
PULPS Newnes' Treasure-Trove Library. 19 Numbers, Mar 1919-1922 , (45 issues). 1. No 1. Carried Off by pirates. March 1919. 2. No. 2 Captain Kidds Treasure. April 1919. 3. No. 3 The Silver Cutlass .
http://voyer.crosswinds.net/Piratical/pirate pages/treasure-trove-dime.htm
An English Graphical Bibliography PULPS-
Newnes' Treasure-Trove Library 19 Numbers, Mar 1919-1922 , (45 issues).
No 1. Carried Off by Pirates . March 1919 No. 2 Captain Kidd’s Treasure . April 1919 No. 3 The Silver Cutlass . May 1919 No. 4 Defying the Sea Wolf . June 1919 No. 5 Captain Kidd’s Daring Raid. July 1919 No. 6 The Corsair Captain . August 1919 No .7 The Death’s Head Rover . September 1919 No. 8. Walking The Plank . October 1919 No. 9 Captain Kidd's Revenge. November 1919 No. 12 Captain Kidd's Stratagem. February 1920 No, 13 Red Raven. March 1920 No. 14 Nailed to the Mast. April 1920 No 15 Captain Kidd. May 1920 No. 16 Set Adrift by Pirates June 1920 No. 17 To Sink or Swim July 1920 No. 20 Saving the Treasure Galleon October 1920 No. 23 Redhair the Pirate January 1921 No. 24

9. Books About Pirates. Pirates, Buccaneers, Privateers & Swashbucklers. Castleboun
some of the exploits of the privateers like Sir for anyone interested in the realstories of pirates. This novel details the buccaneers themselves, their crews
http://www.vleonica.com/p_books.htm
The Pirate Books
To order a book click on the book cover.
TO SEE MY OPINION CHECK OUT MY REVIEW AT AMAZON.
LET THIS ONE GO BY UNLESS YOU CAN TELL YOURSELF THAT THE ENTIRE STORY IN FICTION INCLUDING THE CHARACTERS AS THIS AUTHOR KNOWS NEXT TO NOTHING, AND A GREAT DEAL OF THE SO-CALL FACTS ARE IN ERROR!
E.G. This author imagines you can see the beach from 30 miles off. Someone should tell him the earth is NOT flat and the horizon is 10-12 miles depending on how high up you are.
Fantastic Illustrations. 60 black/white and 12 color illustrations. Overall a terrific buy for anyone interested in the real stories of pirates. The plates are very useful for costume and prop design as well. This novel details the buccaneers themselves, their crews, how they were recruited and how they fought their battles, both on land and on sea.
The Complete Book of Pirates traces piracy from the seas of antiquity to the New World and beyond. It is a thorough, authoritative, and memorable portrait of the fascinating world of pirates. Detailed maps bear vivid testimony to the far-ranging exploits of these capricious, sometimes charismatic, and frequently bloodthirsty seadogs and highwaymen of the oceans.
Blackbeard, Terror of the Seas

10. Pirates, Buccaneers & Privateers - An English Graphical Bibliography
pirates, buccaneers privateers An English Graphical Bibliography Love turned to hatepiratesdisinheritance, etc.
http://voyer.crosswinds.net/Piratical/pirate pages/dime-ingraham.htm
An English Graphical Bibliography Colonel Prentiss Ingraham
  • Ingraham, Colonel Prentiss. The Dare Devil; or, The Winged Witch of the Sea . May 24, 1877. - Found in: Starr's New York Library , no. 2; Dime Library , no. 2; Dime Library , no. 992. Three illustrations. Buccaneer, smuggler and privateer life in 1812. The black pirate : or, The mystery of the golden fetters. A romance of the last days of piracy. Dime Library ;; no. 172] The sea owl, or, The lady captain of the Gulf. a romance of piracy on the American coast Dime Library ;; no. 281] Captain Kyd, the King of the Black Flag; or, The Witch of Death Castle. November 24, 1880. [Found in: Dime Library , no. 109; Dime Library , no. 1053. Followed by Dime Library , no. 116. - This story was written originally by Prentiss' father J. H. Ingraham in 1839. Here, with characters renamed and the plot somewhat changed] Black Plume, the Devil of the Sea; or, The Sorceress of Hell Gate. A Romance of New York and its Waters in the "Days of Captain Kyd."
  • 11. MostNotedPirates
    The Most Noted pirates, buccaneers, Corsairs privateers. pirates Listby Name. privateers List by Name (empty yet) Return to Seven Oceans.
    http://www.sevenoceans.com/Pirates/MostNotedPirates.htm
    Pirates: List by Name Privateers: List by Name (empty yet)
    Return to Seven Oceans Seven Oceans Video can be contacted in the following ways: by mail
    23 Warner Street
    Newport, RI 02840-2043 by phone
    by email
    Sailor@SevenOceans.com
    (c) 1998 Seven Oceans Video Richard Konkolski

    12. Anne Bonny, Pirates, Buccaneers, Privateers & Swashbucklers. Castlebound Enterpi
    to the ' buccaneers, privateers Swashbucklers' navigation page click on the ship s Ireland, Marie Antoinette, pirates, buccaneers Swashbucklers, Vintage Clothing Recreated, My
    http://www.vleonica.com/a_bonny.htm
    She grew up to be a hardy girl, fierce and courageous plus she had a very fiery disposition. She is said to have killed a serving girl with a knife during one of her fits of rage, granted this was never proven. But it was common knowledge that she had thrashed a young man, who made unseemly advances. He was so badly injured that he was confined to his bed for several weeks.
    To sail back to the
    navigation page click on the ship.
    V'le's: Sir William's Castle Gabriel Byrne V'le's Ireland Marie Antoinette ... Blue Ribbon Recipes
    Trina's: Emerald Isle
    Sue's: Ultimate Great Health Cookbook Letters From Santa Custom Christmas Cards Leprechaun Shelf Sitters ... Polite Subtle Hints

    13. Buccaneers, Privateers And Pirates - Blue Lagoon - The Pirate Bar. Exotic Bar -
    They are called buccaneers, privateers and pirates. Depending on the source theycan all mean the same. Typically however they are categorized as such.
    http://www.lepalais.gr/html/lagoon/pirates.htm
    What a Pirate is? The Flag The life of a Pirate Blackbeard ... Anne Bonny What being a privateer, pirate, or buccaneer really means! There are several terms that one hears when discussing piracy. They are called buccaneers, privateers and pirates. Depending on the source they can all mean the same. Typically however they are categorized as such. A privateer was a ship under papers to a government or a company to perform specific tasks. The men who sailed on a privateer were also called privateers. The papers were usually referred to as a Marque of Letters. Some times these letters would give the captain to act in the behalf of a certain company or government to obtain slaves or perhaps bread fruit trees. Often the limits of the Marque were vague, leaving it up to the captain and crew to determine what they could take. Sometimes the privateers ignored the Marque and just did what they bloody well pleased. During times of war, some governments would commission privateers to seek out and attack the ships of hostile nations. This was especially true of England in this case, the Privateers would sail "on the account". That is they would loot, pillage, and plunder England's enemies for King and Country. For their efforts the Captain and crew would receive a portion of the plunder, between 1/5 and 1/2 the rest going to the crown. In return the Captain and crew had safe harbor and was protected by England. Henry Morgan was a privateer.

    14. Pirates, Buccaneers & Privateers - An English Graphical Bibliography
    HOME. pirates, buccaneers privateers An English Graphical Bibliography.- DIME NOVELS, PENNY DREADFULS and PULPS-. Chronology of
    http://larryvoyer.com/Piratical/pirate pages/dime_novels_pennys3.htm
    HOME An English Graphical Bibliography DIME NOVELS , PENNY DREADFULS and PULPS-
    Chronology of Pirate related Penny Dreadfuls and Dime Novels Newgate Calendar and the Terrific Register 1830 - Lives of the Most Notorious Highwaymen, Footpads, etc. -Edward Lloyd History of Pirates of all Nations - Edward Lloyd The Black Pirate; or , The Phantom Ship - William Emans Florence Graham, or the Pirate's Daughter. - William Emans (sequel to The Black Pirate Tales of Pirates and Adventures at Sea - William Clarke Under the Pirate Flag . 60 numbers - Ritchie 1846 - T he Death Ship; or , the Pirates Bride and the Maniac of the Deep - T. P. Prest - Edward Lloyd- (32 parts) Tales of Pirates -(30 parts)-Clark Kit the Pirate ; Or, Life On The Ocean - George House The Corsair, or The Foundling of the Sea.

    15. Pirates, Buccaneers & Privateers - An English Graphical Bibliography
    HOME. pirates, buccaneers privateers An English Graphical Bibliography.- PULPS-. Paperbacks. Beater, Jack and Roberts, Maclennon. Sea Avengers.
    http://larryvoyer.com/Piratical/pirate pages/pulp-paperbacks.htm
    HOME An English Graphical Bibliography PULPS- Paperbacks
  • Beater, Jack and Roberts, Maclennon. Sea Avengers Dell Publishing Inc., 1957 Bracco, Edgar Jean. Chattels of Eldorodo Avon Publications, 1955 Carr, John Dickinson. The Bride of Newgate. New York, Avon Publishing Co., 1950 Carr, John Dickinson. The Bride of Newgate New York, Avon Publishing Co., 1962 Chidsey, Donald Barr. Captain Bashful New York, Graphic Books, 1955 Chidsey, Donald Barr. Buccaneer's Blade . New York, Ace Books Inc., 1959 Chidsey, Donald Barr. Captain Adam . New York, Avon Publications, 1963 Clagett, John. Captain Whitecap . New York, Popular Library, 1956 Costain, Thomas B. For My Great Folly . New York, Bantam Books, 1956 Driscoll, Charles B.
  • 16. Pirates At TREASUREDIVER.COM
    pirates at treasurediver.com What a colorful picture these gruesome charactersadd to the world s history! Of pirates, buccaneers, privateers and Corsairs!
    http://www.scubasuperpower.com/treasurediver/pirates.html
    If you think scuba-diving is about swimming, you have only touched the surface! members e-mail community treasures ... about us
    P irates at treasurediver.com - What a colorful picture these gruesome characters add to the world's history!
    Of P irates , Buccaneers
    Privateers and Corsairs!
    JUST A FEW FACTS ABOUT THIS MOTLEY BAND OF BLACKGUARDS, THIEVES AND BLOOD-THIRSTY SEA-DOGS!
    T he "Golden Age of Piracy" only lasted 30 years, from the late 1600s through the early 1700s. But, what a time! Tales of adventure and brutality, wild skirmishes and buried treasure, fleets of Spanish galleons carrying hoards of gold, and notables held for ransom on desert islands. M any of the traits of pirates, such as eye patches and pet parrots were inventions of writers and illustrators, to make their subjects more gruesome and mysterious. T here is little, if any, written record of anyone being made to "walk the plank." A lthough it is thought that pirate ships flew black flags, or red flags to signify that no mercy would be shown, this writer cannot imagine why a marauding crew would want to announce their intention. Surely, resistence would only be increased. Pirate ships probably sailed with as little identification as possible. O n the other hand, the "skull and crossbones" may have been fact flags used by pirates were designed to strike fear into sailors so they would surrender their ship without a fight, and in these days of non-existent anesthetics and butcher-like surgery, dis-membered body parts were fearsome, indeed.

    17. Swashbuckler's Cove
    Types of pirates. pirates are often characterized as buccaneers , privateers and Corsairs . It is important to note that these
    http://www.aschulze.net/pirates/types.htm
    Types of Pirates
    Pirates are often characterized as "Buccaneers", "Privateers" and "Corsairs". It is important to note that these terms have different historical origin and a different meaning.
    Buccaneers
    Buccaneer was a title applied to English, Dutch, and French seafaring adventurers of the 17th century. The term "Buccaneer" was derived from their practice of raiding Hispaniola (today known as Dominica and Haiti) and stealing pigs and cattle from the Spanish plantations. The meat of the stolen cattle was dried and cured on grills, called "boucan" in French, in a way they had learned from the Arawak Indians. The buccaneers traded the smoked meat for goods and gunpowder. When colonial governors tried to stop the trade, the buccaneers joined forces with local runaway slaves, deserters and practically anyone who hated the Spanish, and turned to the sea - and to piracy. The buccaneers established their headquarters on the little island of Tortuga . Later they used Jamaica as a base of operations. One of the most famous buccaneers was Sir Henry Morgan . Under his command 500 buccaneers from Tortuga and 1000 buccaneers from Jamaica captured Panama in 1671.

    18. Cruz Apestegui Pirates Of The Caribbean: Buccaneers Privateers Freebooters 1493
    Cruz Apestegui pirates of the Caribbean buccaneers privateers Freebooters1493 1720. Cruz Apestegui pirates of the Caribbean buccaneers
    http://www.ivy-house.co.uk/Cruz-Apestegui-Pirates-of-the-Caribbean-971-064-255-7
    Cruz Apestegui Pirates of the Caribbean: Buccaneers Privateers Freebooters 1493 1720
    Author or Artist : Cruz Apestegui
    Title: Pirates of the Caribbean: Buccaneers Privateers Freebooters 1493 1720
    Apestegui Cruz
    Cruz Apestegui
    Subject: Caribbean islands
    Category: History General
    Format: Hardcover
    Anthony Preston-Warship 2003-2004...

    The Age of Sail...

    Jr John F. Guilmartin-Gunpowder and Galleys: Changing Technology and Mediterranean Warfare at Sea in the 16th Century...

    The Royal Navy Handbook: The Definitive Guide by the MOD...
    ...
    Scott Allie-Star Wars: Empire (Star Wars)...

    19. Pirates
    piracy. They are called, marooners, buccaneers, privateers and pirates.Depending on the source they can all mean the same. Typically
    http://blindkat.hegewisch.net/pirates/diff.html
    What's a Privateer, Pirate, Buccaneer, and/or Marooner?
    There are several terms that one hears when discussing piracy. They are called, marooners, buccaneers, privateers and pirates. Depending on the source they can all mean the same. Typically however they are categorized as such. A Merchant is a ship commissioned by a government or company to perform specific noncombatant tasks, such as shipping cargo, transporting slaves, or perhaps obtaining bread fruit. They would sail under letters from companies or countries giving them permission to complete the tasks. The men aboard were called merchants, merchant sailors, or merchant marines. Merchant ships were often armed and sometimes escorted. The crew received their pay from the company or nation that outfitted the ship. A Privateer was an armed ship under papers to a government or a company to perform specific tasks. The men who sailed on a privateer were also called privateers. The papers were usually referred to as a Marque of Letters . Some times these letters would give the captain rights to act in the behalf of a certain company or government to commit acts of reprisal, escort merchants, or protect coastal areas or property. Often the limits of the Marque were vague, leaving it up to the captain and crew to determine what they could take or attack. Sometimes the privateers ignored the Marque and just did what they bloody well pleased. Most of the time, Privateers were engaged of act of reprisals against other nations, that is engaged in acts of war. A key distinction between a Merchant and Privateer, is the privateer was not paid by the nation or company but paid by taking spoils from ships or properties they attacked or fought off.

    20. Tortuga
    From that point on, the buccaneers who continued attacks were pirates and were quicklyhanged. Many of the former privateers were employed by the government of
    http://blindkat.hegewisch.net/pirates/tortuga.html
    Return to Notorious Places of Pyrate Lore Tortuga or Turtle Island , presently known as Ile de la Tortue and located off the Northwest shore of present day Haiti, on the Island of Hispanola , not to be confused with Isle Tortuga, a modern day island owned by Venezuela or the Dry Tortugas owned by the United States. Tortuga is approximately 20 miles long and no more than 4 miles wide. Tortuga was first discovered and named by the Spanish. The name Tortuga means Sea Turtle and the island is located just a few miles off the shore of Hispanola, the first island of the New World believed discovered by Columbus. Despite its immediate proximity to Hispanola, the French decided to establish a settlement of sorts on the island in 1625. Most of the settlers come from the Nearby French colonies of St. Kitts and Nevis. The Spaniards weren't really happy with these French settlers in their backyard and tried to dislodge them. The first of these attacks was in 1629 and was only marginally successful. Many of the colonists were the true buccaneers, the hunters of wild oxen and pigs. Rather than fight the Spaniards in open combat, they fled across the narrow channel and began hunting on the northern coast of Hispanola. To make matters worse, the Spaniards built a fort on Tortuga after they chased away the French. Realizing they had only chased them over to Hispanola, the Spaniards left the fort with a small garrison to protect it and headed off in pursuit of the Buccaneers. This was a bad idea. The lightly held fort was easily taken by the Buccaneers in a counter attack, and the French set about improving the fortifications. The island would remain a French colony from then on, despite repeated attacks by the Spaniards.

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