141. The Journal Of Mind And Behavior: Current Issue Interdisciplinary journal addressing mind/body issues in psychology, psychiatry, philosophy, sociology, and medicine. Abstracts for back issues through 1980. http://kramer.ume.maine.edu:80/~jmb/welcome.html

Vol.25 No.1 Winter 2004 Contents An Indirect Defense of Direct Realism. Ryan Hickerson, University of California, San Diego The Case for Intrinsic Theory: IX. Further Discussion of an Equivocal Remembrance Account. Thomas Natsoulas, University of California, Davis Consciousness was a “Trouble-Maker”: On the General Maladaptiveness of Unsupported Mental Representation. Jesse M. Bering, University of Arkansas Biological Motion: An Exercise in Bottom–Up vs. Top–Down Processing. Basileios Kroustallis, University of Crete Book Review An Atlas of Interpersonal Situations. Harold H. Kelley, John G. Holmes, Norbert L. Kerr, Harry T. Reis, Caryl E. Rusbult, and Paul A.M. Van Lange. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 2003 Reviewed by Daniel Friedrich, University of Hamburg The Journal of Mind and Behavior Department of Psychology University of Maine 5742 Little Hall Orono, Maine 044695-5742

142. Thebigview.com (Powered By Invision Power Board) Contains forums on various subjects including philosophy, religion and the mind. http://www.thebigview.com/discussion/

Welcome Guest ( Log In Register thebigview.com thebigview.com latest news: New Emoticons Welcome back; your last visit was on Jun 11 2004, 04:45 PM Discussions Forum Topics Replies Last Post Info Philosophy General discussion about Eastern and Western philosophy. Jun 9 2004, 02:07 AM In: Know Thyself By: sonrisa Religion Discussion about world religions and beliefs. Jun 8 2004, 11:34 AM In: This Forum Is Dead By: Buddhism Buddhist philosophy, practices, and traditions. Jun 9 2004, 08:02 AM In: Haiku, Anyone? By: zygoat Science Spacetime, quantum theory, DNA, evolution, and other science topics. May 28 2004, 12:40 PM In: The Universe And Mind As On... By: sonrisa Current events, world politics, society, culture, and lifestyle. Jun 9 2004, 07:49 PM In: By: asheera Forum Topics Replies Last Post Info News, FAQs, and Announcements Things that concern thebigview.com and its members. Jan 13 2004, 11:01 AM In: New Emoticons By: Thomas Knierim Help Desk Please post technical questions here. May 28 2004, 02:38 PM In: Happy Birthday Greetings By: Ronagon Quick Log In thebigview.com Board Statistics

143. Wisdom mind expanding quotations on philosophy and religion. http://www.Justin.com/Wisdom/

WWW.JUSTIN.COM Feed Your Head! Look at everything as though you were seeing it either for the first or last time. Then your time on earth will be filled with glory. Betty Smith Press " reload " for another helping!" More Food For Thought Welcome Who Wisdom Humor Links WebCam Guestbook Designed for Navigator and Explorer 3.0 or better

144. Index Contains various essays on philosophy of science and mind. Anderson is the originator of the transrealist approach. http://www.geocities.com/omniapraeclara

The Writing of Michael L. Anderson: ESSAYS Transrealism: Going Beyond the Present Debate A formal exposition of the new Transrealist philosophy of science. Drawing from Peirce, the instrumentalists, the empiricists, Quine, Putnam, Fine, and others, this new approach seeks to recharge the on-going debates. Includes many specific examples and preliminary discussion of scientific truth, natural law, and axiology. (HTML) (MS Word, 26pgs.) Geographer of the Soul: Wittgenstein's Relevance to Contemporary Philosophy of Mind Suggests that a Wittgensteinian balance of naturalism and perspicuity in the face of the inner world, with a simultaneous abhorrence of empty cover-all terminology, is a highly appropriate spirit in which to undertake philosophy of mind. (HTML) (MS Word, 14pgs.) A attempt to define a "strong" realist position. Includes some new perspectives. (HTML) (MS Word, 20pgs.) To the things themselves: On Phenomenology Survey of twentieth-century phenomenology and existentialism with some original material. Includes a look at how modern cognitive science addresses phenomenology. Discussion of

145. Cover: Human Knowledge: Foundations And Limits A systematic summary of philosophy, mathematics, natural science, social science, and technology. Examines the origin, mechanism, and fate of life, mind, and the universe. This is identified as an evolving hypertext. The framework is there and some of the promised content. http://humanknowledge.net

Human Knowledge: Foundations and Limits By Brian Holtz . This text, freely redistributable as html PDF eBook , or ascii , is memeware : if you find your copy useful, please propagate it or pay for it. Philosophy Metaphysics Ontology Theology ... Timeline Why is there something rather than nothing ? Is the world an illusion ? What exists beyond the human senses ? What happens after death ? Does divine or supernatural agency exist? Is the future already decided What is the meaning of life ? What is right and wrong ? What beings should have what rights What should one do What is truth consciousness intelligence ? What are the limits of intelligence ? Of logic? Could a machine think ? Does free will exist? How did the universe begin? How will it end? What laws govern it? Why are those laws as they are? How old is the universe? How big is it? What happened before the Big Bang? Does the universe have a center? An edge? What is the universe expanding into? What is life ? How did life arise? What explains its complexity? How did mind and language arise ? How does the brain work Is there life and intelligence beyond earth?

146. The Good Medicine Society For Health Of Body, Mind, And Spirit... Health of body, mind, and spirit. Correspondence courses in Native American philosophy and Natural Healing. Free newsletter and brochure. (Norfork, AR) http://www.goodmedicinesociety.com

147. Light Of Life Church Rancho Bernardo, California church contains information on activities and vision of the Science of mind philosophy. http://www.lightoflifechurch.org

Change Your Thinking - Change Your Life Join us for The Connection , Music, Meditation, a short Inspirational Message, Connection, Conversation, and Dialogue Sunday Mornings at 9:00 am (note that The Connection is a replacement for the early meditation that had been at 10:00am) Sunday Services are at with Devotional Singing at 10:20 Informal - Live Music - Inspiring - Sunday School and Child Care Provided 12540 Oaks North Drive, Rancho Bernardo, CA (see Map) The Science of Mind is a spiritual philosophy for today's world. It is a correlation of the laws of science, opinions of Philosophy, and revelations of religion, applied to human needs and the aspirations of each person. Uncomplicated by dogma, hidden doctrine, superstition, or outdated concepts, it probes deeply and directly into the very Source of Life, emerging with a pure and useful knowledge of principles which are universal. The philosophy of Religious Science is a practical, down-to-earth way of thinking about the nature of the universe. It considers our place in the universe and our relationship to God. We know there are many paths to God.

148. LOGOS - Logic, Language And Cognition Research Group Concerned with the philosophy of logic, language, metaphysics, mathematics and mind. http://www.ub.edu/grc_logos/index.htm

Next talk: Achille Varzi (University of Columbia), "Temporal Persistence and Temporal Existence " - Friday 4 June 2004 at 18:00 - Facultat de Filosofia UB (Ed. "Les Cúpules" C) Next conference: Barcelona, 3-6 July 2004 New in the web: Activities updated The LOGOS website also hosts: TIF: Taller d'Investigació en Filosofia Presentation Activities People ... Links last update: webmaster: Dan López de Sa

149. Arché - The Centre For Philosophy Of Logic, Language, Mathematics And Mind Arch© The Centre for philosophy of Logic, Language, Mathematics and mind, University of St. Andrews, Scotland, UK; 1215 August 2002. http://www.st-and.ac.uk/~arche/conference2.shtml

Does Mathematics Require a Foundation? A Conference in the Philosophy of Mathematics 12-15th August 2002 On the 16th June 1902 Russell wrote to Frege declaring that the logical system from which he hoped to derive the fundamental truths of mathematics was beset by contradiction. As Frege later remarked, the discovery of this contradiction shook the foundations of mathematics. To mark the centenary of this event, a major international conference in the philosophy of mathematics is planned that will bring together some of the leading figures working in the field. The conference will assess whether contemporary enterprise has provided mathematics a genuine foundation, or, indeed, whether such a foundation should ever have been sought. Timetable: Monday 12th 5:00-6:30 p.m. Quine, Analyticity and the Philosophy of Mathematics John Burgess (Princeton) 7:00 p.m. Dinner Tuesday 13th 9:00-10:30 a.m. Carving Contents: Some Ways Stephen Yablo (MIT) 10:30-11:00 a.m. tea/coffee 11:00-12:30 p.m.

150. Mind Language Interdisciplinary journal on the phenomena of mind and language. Presents research in linguistics, philosophy, psychology, artificial intelligence, and cognitive anthropology. http://www.blackwellpublishers.co.uk/asp/journal.asp?ref=0268-1064

151. The FUTURE OF MENTAL HEALTH Is ESO-CHOLOGY A series of monographs covering a range of esoteric philosophy and psychology topics. http://www2.whidbey.net/minder

I CALL IT ESO-CHOLOGY James W. Patterson, Ph.D SELF-HELP SERIES Training of the Esotherapist NEW CONCEPTS: ESO-CHOLOGY MIND and [Sogy]... NEW BOOK EMAIL and MORE Bookmark this page, or esochology.com... Spartanburg Lasik Awards

152. The Connection Summer Philosophy Series Julien Offray De La Mettrie L Homme Machine; Stephen Pinker How the mind Works; Plato Meno; Phaedo. Patricia Churchland, Chair of philosophy at the University http://archives.theconnection.org/philosophy1/shows/mind.asp

"I think, therefore I am." - Rene Descartes "I think, therefore I am" is the neat bit of logic with which Descartes rescued the Self from philosophical skepticism. If I think, he means, then there must be an I, a conscious self that's thinking. Descartes went on to say "this I the soul by which I am what I am is entirely distinct from the body." That's the classical statement of Cartesian Dualism, commonly known as the mind-body problem, and philosophers are still grappling with the question. Is there a ghost in the machine, a mind, a consciousness that is separate from the body, or is human thought no more than the sum of neurons and synapses doing their electro-chemical, mechanical work? That's also the question that excites the new field of Cognitive Science, which combines modern brain-sciences with philosophy. Scientists are opening up the mysterious world of human, and animal thought, and philosophers still argue the location of the True Self. C. D. Broad: The Mind and its Place in Nature David Chalmers: The Conscious Mind Patricia Churchland: Neurophilosophy: Toward a Unified Science of the Mind-Brain Antonio Damasio: The Feeling of What Happens Body and Emotion In the Making of Consciousness Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and The Human Brain

153. Artificial Intelligence Center At The University Of Georgia Computer modeling of intelligent behavior, including but not limited to modeling the human mind. Topic is viewed as an interdisciplinary field where computer science intersects with philosophy, psychology, linguistics, engineering, and other fields. http://www.ai.uga.edu/

Artificial intelligence is the computer modeling of intelligent behavior, including but not limited to modeling the human mind. We see it as an interdisciplinary field where computer science intersects with philosophy psychology linguistics engineering , and other fields. The Artificial Intelligence Center is an interdepartmental research and instructional center within the Franklin College of Arts and Sciences of the University of Georgia . Strengths include logic programming, expert systems, neural nets, genetic algorithms, and natural language processing. The Artificial Intelligence Center also houses the undergraduate degree program in Cognitive Science. It is through a combination of these studies we feel intelligence can be best understood and thus replicated. Affiliated with this department are over 75 people hailing from over 10 different countries. We pride ourselves on the diversity of our student body and the ability of our program to allow for the pursuit of personal research interests. Important Announcements: PAIW 2004 New AI Computer Problem Support Form Dr. Nute's celebration pictures

154. Wholesale Metaphysical And New Age Books At 70% Off Titles in a variety of spiritual topics including eastern philosophy, New Age, paranormal, Native American studies, and esoteric sciences. http://www.hungrymindbooks.com/

HOME HOT LIST TERMS FAQ ... CONTACT US Welcome To HungryMindBooks We have been supplying quality wholesale in-print Metaphysical books New Age books and CD's by well known publishers and authors since 1989. We distribute these titles to independent booksellers at an unprecedented discount of 70% off the publisher's retail price. Upon browsing our discount book store you will recognize many of the books you already carry and consider bestsellers at deep discounts. Now you can see the titles we offer and read a short summary on each book, tape or CD with our New and Improved Web Site! All of our merchandise is of the highest quality and often they are referred to as remainder books . It is generally very hard to distinguish the difference between our titles and a new book. As always, your satisfaction is guaranteed . Our wide selection and exceptional value will delight your customers and bring considerable profits to your store, which is a welcome change when you consider the small profit margin's that you generally receive on "New Books". We are constantly adding new titles and in order to keep you informed of when they arrive, you will receive an email titled "Hot List". Frequently, we get bestsellers in very limited quantities. Therefore, when your receive the "Hot List" email, purchase quickly, as the titles may not be available shortly thereafter. All titles are sold on a first come first served basis. You can also check the

155. Rick Grush's Home Page philosophy of cognition and representation (U. of California, San Diego, USA) http://mind.ucsd.edu/

If your browser does not support frames, please try: http://www.artsci.wustl.edu/~rgrush/contents.html

156. Empowered Living --- TORI ELDRIDGE EMPOWERED LIVING is a program developed by writer/teacher Tori Eldridge for womens physical and emotional protection. As an experienced martial artist and motovital speaker she combines practical techniques with a philosophy of personal responsiblilty and honest communication. http://hometown.aol.com/emplvn

Main Business Park Other Home-Based Businesses htmlAdWH('7002182', '234', '60'); Empowered Living - TORI ELDRIDGE About Empowered Living Empowered living is both a book and a philosophy that operates on the premise that by taking personal responsibility for our emotional and physical well being, we gain power in our lives. This precept then pumps through the veins of our spirit to validate our self worth and strengthen our conviction. It fuels our courage to seek truth and put aside constraining fear. It emboldens us with the knowledge that malevolence can be defeated with the proper mind set and knowledge. At its core, Empowered Living supports our right to live a generous compassionate life while at the same time possess the power and will to do what is necessary to preserve it. Tori Eldridge leads her readers through the most common emotional obstacles with thought provoking and inspirational text. She includes specific exercises and visualizations to affirm as well as teach practical skills such as effective communication, emotional equilibrium and overcoming fear. Her chapters devoted to self defense thoroughly detail strategies, techniques and precautions applicable to people of any age, gender or strength. These concepts also clearly apply to emotional confrontation. About Tori Eldridge Tori Eldridge presently holds the rank of Third Degree Black Belt in To Shin Do. This martial art, founded by Black Belt Hall Of Fame member and Grand Master Stephen K. Hayes, is styled from the ancient art of Ninjutsu. She also holds a Black Belt in Tang Soo Do Karate under Black Belt Hall Of Fame member, Master Pat E. Johnson.

157. The Turing Test Proposal due to Alan Turing for a criterion of the presence of mind or consciousness; by Graham Oppy and David Dowe. http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/turing-test/

version history HOW TO CITE THIS ENTRY Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy A B C D ... Z This document uses XHTML-1/Unicode to format the display. Older browsers and/or operating systems may not display the formatting correctly. last substantive content change APR The Turing Test Discourse on the Method . (Copeland (2000:527) finds an anticipation of the test in the 1668 writings of the Cartesian de Cordemoy. Gunderson (1964) provides an early instance of those who find that Turing's work is foreshadowed in the work of Descartes.) In the Discourse , Descartes says: logically possible for an entity to pass the kinds of tests that Descartes and (at least allegedly) Turing have in mind to use words (and, perhaps, to act) in just the kind of way that human beings do and yet to be entirely lacking in intelligence, not possessed of a mind, etc. 1. Turing (1950) and the Imitation Game 2. Turing (1950) and Responses to Objections 2.1 The Theological Objection 2.3 The Mathematical Objection ... Related Entries 1. Turing (1950) and the Imitation Game X Y X X is the person and Y X is the machine and Y X please tell me whether X X must answer questions that are addressed to X . The object of the machine is to try to cause the interrogator to mistakenly conclude that the machine is the other person; the object of the other person is to try to help the interrogator to correctly identify the machine. About this game, Turing (1950) says:

158. HAYEK AND CONNECTIONISM A Study of Hayekian Psychology http://wings.buffalo.edu/academic/department/philosophy/faculty/smith/articles/H

The Connectionist Mind: A Study of Hayekian Psychology Barry Smith Department of Philosophy and Center for Cognitive Science, University at Buffalo From S. F. Frowen (ed.), Hayek: Economist and Social Philosopher: A Critical Retrospect , London: Macmillan, 1997, 9-29. French translation forthcoming in Intellectica. The archive of a HAYEK-L seminar on this paper is available for downloading at: http://maelstrom.stjohns.edu/archives/hayek-l.html Introduction I shall begin my remarks with some discussion of recent work in cognitive science, and the participants in this meeting might find it useful to note that I might equally well have chosen as title of my paper something like 'Artificial Intelligence and the Free Market Order'. They might care to note also that I am, as far as the achievements and goals of research in artificial intelligence are concerned, something of a sceptic. My appeal to cognitive science in what follows is designed to serve clarificatory ends, and to raise new questions, of a sort which will become clear as the paper progresses. Artificial intelligence research has two goals: that of simulating human intelligence via the construction of machines whose operations will be in crucial respects analogous to intelligent human performances;

159. 20th WCP: Article by JeanMichel Roy presented at the 20th World Congress of philosophy. Argues that the linguistic turn of philosophy, the idea that the study of language illuminates long standing philosophical issues, has given way to a cognitive turn, centering on the study of the mind. http://www.bu.edu/wcp/Papers/Cogn/CognRoy.htm

Philosophy and Cognitive Science Cognitive Turn and Linguistic Turn Jean-Michel Roy University of Bordeaux jmroy@ext.jussieu.fr ABSTRACT: My first goal is to question a received view about the development of Analytical Philosophy. According to this received view Analytical Philosophy is born out of a Linguistic Turn establishing the study of language as the foundation of the discipline; this primacy of language is then overthrown by the return of the study of mind as philosophia prima 1. Introduction: linguistic symbol and mental representation A good deal of that important branch of contemporary philosophy which goes by the loose term of Analytical Philosophy lives, in my opinion, with a distorted representation of its own past, and consequently, with an inaccurate appreciation of the nature of its own achievements. As a matter of fact the belief is widely spread among analytical circles that the birth of Analytical Philosophy is the result of a Linguistic Turn taken by its founding figures G. Frege and B. Russell and then expanded into various directions by their notorious or less notorious followers. about language, or at least into a problem

160. The LOTA Philosophy Of Science The LOTA theory of mind emerges from the LOTA philosophy of science, where relationships between mind, matter, energy and consciousness become visible. It is a holistic view on the nature of personal reality. http://www.slenters.ch/lota

A new Philosophy of Science called LOTA LOTA is a unifying logical synthesis through which relationships between evolution, creation, mind, matter, energy and consciousness become visible. contents The LOTA philosophy What is LOTA Why LOTA How it was developed ... Special message The LOTA philosophy of science What is LOTA LOTA is a philosophy of science, a unifying logical synthesis of current thoughts and ideas aimed at understanding the deeper meaning of reality. It provides an open logical framework through which the relationships of evolution, creation, mind, matter, energy and consciousness become visible. It is a holistic view on the nature of personal reality and it points to vast potentials of the human mind. Why LOTA The LOTA philosophy of science emerged after decades of disappointments with traditional positivist methods of science, since these "classical ways" fail to give logical backing for important discoveries in psychology, learning and personal growth. The LOTA philosophy of science provides this framework, embracing the old and the new. How it was developed The LOTA philosophy of science is the outcome of a systems based method of synthesis, backed by verification with

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