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         Pest Management Crops:     more books (100)
  1. 1986 insect pest management guide: Commercial vegetable crops and greenhouse vegetables (Circular / University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service) by R Randall, 1985
  2. Circular / University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service by Roscoe Randell, 1987
  3. 1986 insect pest management guide: Field and forage crops (Circular / University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service) by Kevin Lloyd Steffey, 1985
  4. Integrated pest management on major food crops in Southeast Asia, an abstract bibliography, 1977-1987 by P. J. U Oñate, 1988
  5. 1994 pest management on major field crops : updates on agricultural resources and environmental indicators (SuDoc A 93.47/3:995/19) by U.S. Dept of Agriculture, 1995
  6. Integrated pest management in short rotation crops (Project) by Linda Hall, 2003
  7. 1988 insect pest management guide: Field and forage crops (Circular / University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agriculture, Cooperative Extension Service) by Donald E Kuhlman, 1987
  8. Integrated Pest Management for Tropical Root and Tuber Crops. by S.K. Hahn, 1990
  9. 1997 Pest Management Handbook Vol 1: Field Crops, Fruits and Vegetables by Unknown, 1997
  10. Integrated pest management guide for Texas forage crops by Charles Talbot Allen, 1996
  11. Integrated Pest Management for Tropical Root and Tuber Crops.
  12. Integrated pest management guide for Connecticut cole crops by Thomas Jude Boucher, 1993
  13. Entomology and Pest Management (5th Edition) by Larry P. Pedigo, Marlin E. Rice, 2005-05-28
  14. Hemp Diseases and Pests: Management and Biological Control: An Advanced Treatise (Cabi Publishing) by J. M. McPartland, R. C. Clarke, et all 2000-09-14

61. Integrated Pest Management In North Dakota
pest management (IPM) affects North Dakota s largest industry, agriculture. One of the primary missions of IPM is to help growers produce profitable crops
http://www.ext.nodak.edu/extpubs/plantsci/pests/pp863w.htm
North Dakota State University
NDSU Extension Service
Integrated Pest Management in North Dakota
PP-863 , February 1999 Janet J. Knodel , Crop Protection Specialist, North Central Research Extension Center
Marcia P. McMullen , Extension IPM Coordinator, Department of Plant Pathology
What is IPM?
IPM stands for Integrated Pest Management. The definition of IPM from the National IPM Network is "IPM is a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health and environmental risks." Integrated Pest Management (IPM) affects North Dakota's largest industry, agriculture. One of the primary missions of IPM is to help growers produce profitable crops using environmentally and economically sound approaches. These IPM tools contribute to a system that produces high-quality, safe, and affordable foods and other agriculturally related products. For many growers, IPM helps balance pest management with profitable crop production and environmental protection. IPM also reaches beyond agriculture to include pest management in landscape and home settings.

Strategies of IPM:
How can IPM help produce a profitable crop?

62. Livestock And Field Crops IPM Resources On The Web, Northeast
West Virginia Row crops and Forage crops pest management. Other regions (note) Maryland 2003 pest management Recommendations for Field crops Bulletin 237 (pdf).
http://www.nepmc.org/Producers/fcrops.html

63. Saskatchewan Agriculture And Food - Crops - Integrated Pest Management
Integrated pest management (IPM) is a decisionmaking process that uses all necessary techniques to suppress pests (insects, weeds, plant diseases) effectively
http://www.agr.gov.sk.ca/Crops/Integrated_Pest_Management.asp
Navigation Path >> Home Friday, June 11, 2004
Apiculture

Cereals

Forage/Pasture

Horticulture
...
Research Reports Search
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a decision-making process that uses all necessary techniques to suppress pests (insects, weeds, plant diseases) effectively, economically and in an environmentally sound manner. The elements of IPM include: identification of potential pest organisms; monitoring pests and beneficial organism populations, pest damage and environmental conditions; managing ecosystems to prevent organisms from becoming pests; using economic thresholds in making control decisions; and evaluating the effects and efficiency of pest management strategies. A successful IPM strategy may combine biological, cultural, mechanical and chemical controls, depending on the circumstance. Integrated Pest Management Topics :

64. Saskatchewan Agriculture And Food - Crops - Integrated Pest Management
Cereals. Forage/Pasture. Horticulture. Integrated pest management. Irrigation. Northern Agriculture. Oilseeds. Pulses. Soil Fertility/Fertilizers. Special crops. crops.
http://www.agr.gov.sk.ca/Crops/Integrated_Pest_Management.asp?firstPick=&secondp

65. Rural NI | Crops | Nursery Stock & Ornamentals | Technical Information | Integra
INTEGRATED pest management (IPM) IN ORNAMENTAL crops. Growers and retailers are increasingly interested in reducing chemical usage on ornamental crops.
http://www.ruralni.gov.uk/crops/nursery_ornamentals/technical_information/integr
business management information technology organic production dairy ... Technical information Integrated pest management Technical information Integrated pest management Nursery stock guide Nursery trade directory ... Weed control Technology projects Business Development Groups Nursery stock at Greenmount Courses Job Scene
INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM) IN ORNAMENTAL CROPS
Growers and retailers are increasingly interested in reducing chemical usage on ornamental crops. In IPM programmes beneficial enemies (beneficial insects and mites) are used instead of chemicals where possible. Any introduction of natural enemies has to be carefully planned. Anticipated pests and diseases must be quantified. Close monitoring of pests is required on a regular basis. For specific information on biological control of individual pests FARGRO provide information in their IPM booklet
Training
Growers need to develop their skills in the identification of pests and beneficial insects for the system to work. 21 growers and their staff attended a course on IPM at Greenmount College in November 1998. The course helped growers improve their pest identification skills and choose chemicals that are compatible with natural enemies. Mr Neil Helyer, Integrated Pest Management Specialist presented examples of successful IPM in bedding and nursery crops.

66. 2003 Insect Pest Management Guide
John Pyzner, Associate Professor (Horticultural crops, Pecans, Other Fruits, pest management), LCES. TE Reagan, Professor (Sugarcane Insect Research), LAES.
http://www.lsuagcenter.com/Subjects/guides/pests/03pest.htm

Insect Pest Management Guide

Most of the links to the insect control information are in Adobe PDF format, this requires the free Acrobat Reader.
Table of Contents
Introduction
and Restricted Use Pesticides General Information for Users of this Guide
Includes:
  • General Precautions Drift of Pesticides Wildlife Phytotoxicity Buffers/Water pH Oils Predators and Parasites
Bees, Wasps and Town Ants Control of Household Insects Control of Rats and Mice Mosquito Control Fruits and Pecans Lawn and Garden Trees How to Mix Insecticides Insecticide Dilution T ables Spraying and Dusting Calibration of Cotton Insecticide Sprayers
Common, Chemical and Trade

67. Floriculture: Fact Sheets: Pest Management: Root Diseases Of Greenhouse Crops
FACT SHEETS pest management ROOT DISEASES OF GREENHOUSE crops. Root Diseases of Greenhouse crops. Introduction The two most common
http://www.umass.edu/umext/floriculture/fact_sheets/pest_management/root_rots.ht
Root Diseases of Greenhouse Crops Introduction
The two most common causes of root impairment of greenhouse crops are fertilizer toxicity and plant pathogenic fungi. In some cases, fertilizer toxicity predisposes plants to pathogenic fungi. An accurate diagnosis is necessary to manage the problem effectively. Abiotic Causes
Abiotic (non-living) causes of root disease include excessive soluble salts, ammonium toxicity, and suffocation. Most commercially available fertilizers are in the form of salts. When excessive amounts of salts are in the soil solution, they desiccate plant roots. Ammonium toxicity may occur when fertilizers containing urea, or ammonium sulfate are used. Excessive levels of ammonium may also occur following steaming of organic soils, especially those containing manure. The conversion of ammonium to nitrate is carried out by soil microorganisms which are non-existent or in low numbers in soil-less media. The conversion can be inhibited by certain pesticides, cool wet soil, low pH, excessive soluble salts and poor aeration. Roots must have oxygen or suffocation will occur. Soil composed of very fine particles is dense and has few air spaces. Similarly, a waterlogged soil contains little air. Plant pathogenic water molds thrive under saturated conditions.

68. Floriculture: Fact Sheets: Pest Management: Botrytis Blight Of Greenhouse Crops
FACT SHEETS pest management BOTRYTIS BLIGHT OF GREENHOUSE crops. Botrytis Blight of Greenhouse crops. Botrytis on Poinsettia leaf, with spores.
http://www.umass.edu/umext/floriculture/fact_sheets/pest_management/botrytis.htm
Botrytis Blight of Greenhouse Crops Botrytis on Poinsettia leaf, with spores Introduction
Botrytis blight is one of the most common fungus diseases of greenhouse crops. The disease is often referred to as gray-mold because it produces a crop of gray fuzzy-appearing spores on the surface of infected tissues. A variety of plants including ornamentals, vegetables and herbs are susceptible. Management of environmental conditions, sound cultural practices, and fungicides will control this disease. Symptoms and Life History
Depending on the host and environmental conditions, Botrytis can cause leaf and flower blight, fruit rot, cankers, damping off and root rot. Plants may be attacked at any stage but new tender growth, freshly injured tissues and aging or dead tissues are preferred. Spores are produced in abundance on lesions as well as on plant debris left on benches, the greenhouse floor and cull piles. Spores are easily disseminated by air currents and splashing water. Given the common occurrence of Botrytis in greenhouses and the relative ease in which it can propagate itself, greenhouse managers must avoid conditions that are conducive to disease development.

69. Integrated Pest Management In Cucurbit Crops In South-Central USA: Pest Status,
Integrated pest management in Cucurbit crops in SouthCentral USA pest Status, Attitudes toward IPM and a Plan for Implementation.
http://www.joe.org/joe/1998august/a3.html
August 1998
Volume 36 Number 4
Integrated Pest Management
in Cucurbit Crops in South-Central USA:
Pest Status, Attitudes toward IPM
and a Plan for Implementation
D. G. Riley
Assistant Professor
Coastal Plain Experiment Station
University of Georgia
Tifton, Georgia
Internet address: driley@tifton.cpes.peachnet.edu J. V. Edelson
Professor Oklahoma State University Lane, Oklahoma Internet address: jedelson-okstate@lane-ag.org R. E. Roberts Professor Lubbock, Texas N. Roe Assistant Professor Stephenville, Texas M. E. Miller Professor Weslaco, Texas G. Cuperus Professor Oklahoma State University Department of Entomology Stillwater, Oklahoma J. Anciso Extension Agent Edinburg, Texas Introduction Cucurbits are an important part of the fresh market vegetable crops in the USA comprising approximately 9% of all fresh vegetable shipments in 1992 (USDA Agricultural Statistics 1993). Cucurbit fruit such as pickling cucumber, pumpkin, and squash, are also important processed or frozen commodities. Watermelon, cantaloupe, honeydew melon, cucumber, squash, and pumpkin are grown throughout the south central region of the U.S. from south Texas through Oklahoma. It is estimated that over 100,000 acres for the crop complex as a whole are produced in Texas and Oklahoma. The fruit is primarily channeled through the fresh market and through processors for pickles and frozen goods. The pest complex attacking these crops in these areas can result in severe yield losses. Consumer demands for unblemished produce in the fresh market coupled with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulations for the processor market dictate that cucurbit fruit be blemish free and of standard size and color. Because of this, pesticide usage has remained high for these crops and adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) practices slow because of the perceived risks to production.

70. Production And Pest Management Practices Of Minnesota Organic Fresh Market Veget
as organic producers because they do not use conventional pesticides on their crops or land. To understand the production and pest management practices of
http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/horticulture/DG6900.html
WW-06900 1997
Production and Pest Management Practices of Minnesota Organic Fresh Market Vegetable Growers in 1995
Leslie Locke, Bhadriraju Subramanyam, William Hutchison, and Michael Tufte
Table of Contents
  • Summary
  • Introduction
  • Survey Procedures and Data Analysis
  • Survey Results
    Summary
    In Minnesota, organic fresh market vegetables are produced by growers whose land is officially certified as organic, and by those who consider themselves as organic producers because they do not use conventional pesticides on their crops or land. To understand the production and pest management practices of these organic fresh market vegetable growers, the Minnesota Pesticide Impact Assessment Program (MPIAP) conducted a survey in February 1995. Questionnaires were mailed to 133 organic fresh market vegetable growers identified from the Organic Growers and Buyers Association and MPIAP growers' lists. Only 38 of the 133 growers responded to the survey. Of the 38 respondents, 32 reported producing vegetables organically during 1995. The 32 growers were distributed across 25 of 87 Minnesota counties. The number of acres certified as organic among the responding growers varied from 0.9 to 938 acres. However, only a portion of the certified land (range 0.006 to 30 acres) was used for producing fresh market vegetables. The remaining certified land was devoted to producing cereal crops, fruits, or vegetables for processing. Organic matter content of the soil designated for raising the crops ranged from 0.5 to 7.2%.

71. Sustainable Pest Management In Smallholder Tree Crops: Farmers As IPM Experts -
Sustainable pest management in Smallholder Tree crops Farmers as IPM Experts. Jeff Waage Director, Biological pest management, CABI
http://nationalzoo.si.edu/ConservationAndScience/MigratoryBirds/Research/Cacao/w

Home
Research Shade Grown Cacao Migratory Bird Center ... more... Related Resources
Sustainable Pest Management in Smallholder Tree Crops: Farmers as IPM Experts Jeff Waage
Director, Biological Pest Management, CABI Bioscience and Global IPM Facility
Like many tropical plantation crops, cocoa has a long tradition of over-dependence on chemical pesticides. But it has the distinction as well as being a birthplace of integrated pest management or IPM. In the 1960s, the ecologist Gordon Conway, now President of the Rockefeller Foundation, identified chemical insecticides as the cause of outbreaks of bagworms and nettle caterpillars on cocoa (Conway 1969), and worked out the process which we have come to call the "pesticide treadmill" long before these concepts became popular in the USA and Europe. This problem was highlighted in the recommendations of the 1991 Conference on Integrated Pest Management in the Asia-Pacific Region, organised by CABI and the Asian Development Bank, in which representatives from 25 Asian countries endorsed a regional initiative to support IPM in smallholder cocoa, noting the lack of both extension of known IPM methods and research into new methods for management of difficult pests (Ooi et al. 1992). Initiatives coming from this Conference focused, however, on more traditional targets for development funding: rice, vegetables and cotton.

72. Ky Crop And Livestock Pest Management Recommendations
Field crops. on the livestock for access to 2003 Livestock Insect management . recommendations in the Ky Crop and Livestock pest management Recommendations are
http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/PAT/recs/rechome.htm

INSECT MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
FOR FIELD CROPS AND LIVESTOCK
Click on the crop for access to
"2003 Crop Insect Management". Click on the livestock for access to
"2003 Livestock Insect Management" Click here for label revisions and updates. CAUTION!
All information and recommendations in the Ky Crop and Livestock Pest Management Recommendations are time-sensitive and apply only to Kentucky.
Note: Trade names are used to simplify the information presented in this application. No endorsement by the Cooperative Extension Service is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products that are not named. Page created and maintained by: Rod Hillard, Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky.
Please send comments or suggestions to: hillard@uky.edu
University of Kentucky ~ College of Agriculture ~ Cooperative Extension Service
Agriculture ~ Home Economics ~ 4-H ~ Development Kentucky Pest News Newsletter University of Kentucky IPM homepage Return to Kentucky Pesticide Applicator Training homepage

73. Kentucky Field Crop Pest Control And Insect Management Recommendations
2003 INSECT management RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FIELD crops. ALFALFA. Prepared by Lee Townsend, Extension Entomologist. FIELD CORN. Prepared
http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/PAT/recs/crop/croprec.htm

INSECT MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
FOR FIELD CROPS
ALFALFA Prepared by Lee Townsend, Extension Entomologist FIELD CORN Prepared by Ricardo Bessin and Douglas W. Johnson, Extension Entomologists GRAIN SORGHUM (MILO) Prepared by Douglas W. Johnson, Extension Entomologist POPCORN Prepared by Ricardo Bessin and Douglas W. Johnson, Extension Entomologists SMALL GRAINS Prepared by Douglas W. Johnson, Extension Entomologist SOYBEANS Prepared by Douglas W. Johnson, Extension Entomologist TOBACCO BEDS and FIELDS Prepared by Lee Townsend, Extension Entomologist University of Kentucky ~ College of Agriculture ~ Cooperative Extension Service
Agriculture ~ Home Economics ~ 4-H ~ Development Return to Kentucky Pesticide Applicator Training homepage

74. G4349 Sorghum Aphid Pest Management
Time of planting. Sorghums are warm weather crops. To order, request G4349, Sorghum Aphid pest management (50 cents). Copyright 1999 University of Missouri.
http://muextension.missouri.edu/explore/agguides/crops/g04349.htm
Agricultural
Sorghum Aphid Pest Management
Ralph E. Munson
Department of Entomology, University of Missouri-Columbia James A. Schaffer
Department of Agronomy, University of Missouri-Columbia Einar W. Palm
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Missouri-Columbia Three species of aphids commonly are found on grain and forage sorghums in Missouri. One species, commonly known as "greenbug," has caused the most consistent damage since its introduction to Missouri in 1969.
Descriptions and life histories
Greenbugs are light greenish-yellow aphids with a narrow, darker green streak down the center of the abdomen (back). Antennae, eyes, tarsi (feet) and the tips of cornicles are black (see illustrations). All remaining parts of the body, legs and cornicles are greenish-yellow. Both winged and wingless forms occur within the same colony. You can distinguish winged forms of greenbugs from other winged aphid species by the single fork of the median vein of the forewings. The strain of greenbugs attacking sorghums differs from other aphids by their ability to reproduce at relatively high temperatures. Greenbugs give birth to living young. A female may produce from 50 to 80 offspring within her three- to four-week life span. These newly born greenbugs may complete their growth and development within one to three weeks depending on the temperature. Upon reaching the adult stage, females begin reproducing; this explains how large populations develop in a short period of time. There may be 10 to 15 generations per year on sorghums in Missouri.

75. SMALL FARMS | CROPS
pesticide links. Federal; State. pest management Strategic Plans. Washington crop profiles; Oregon Crop profiles; Federal crop profiles. pesticide container recycling.
http://smallfarms.wsu.edu/pest/

View pesticide labels Pacific Northwest Pesticide Handbooks
Pesticide licensing
Pesticide newsletters Pesticide links Pest Management Strategic Plans Pesticide container recycling Pest Control Associations PNW analytical labs for pesticide residue testing
Contact us: Charles Brun 360/397-6060, ext. 7713, Dave Muehleisen Accessibility Policies
WSU Cooperative Extension
, 11104 NE 149th St., Suite "C," Brush Prairie, WA 98606 USA

76. 'Return To The Stone-Age Of Pest Management' Remarks Presented On Behalf Of Cons
As recommended in pest management at the Crossroads (PMAC), CU feels that EPA submit the names and addresses of farmers planting transgenic crops, so that
http://www.pmac.net/stoneage.htm
Return to the "Stone-Age of Pest Management "
EPA Public Meeting
"Plant Pesticides Resistance Management"
March 21, 1997, Washington, D.C.
Remarks Presented on Behalf of Consumers Union By:
Dr. Charles M. Benbrook
Dr. Michael Hansen
We agree wholeheartedly with EPA's statement in the Federal Register Notice announcing this meeting
  • "EPA recognizes the value of Bt as a safer pesticide and has determined that it is necessary to conserve this resource as appropriate by requiring resistance management plans."
Bt is indisputably the most important biopesticide registered for use in the United States, indeed worldwide. Bt foliar insecticide sales in the United States today are pushing $60 million annually and account for the lion's share of biopesticide sales (Gianessi, 1995). The prospect for steady sales growth were bright, at least until the emergence of Bt -transgenic plants that promise to quickly lead to widespread resistance to all Bt products, hence removing this uniquely effective and safe natural product from the "pesticide tool-kit." Bt spray formulations are available for use in managing many difficult-to-control lepidopteran and coleopteran insects. Lepidopteran insects are major problems for farmers producing field crops like corn (corn ear worm), cotton (bollworm, budworm, pink bollworm), and potatoes (Colorado potato beetle). But of even greater concern from the perspective of human health, lepidopteran species are also typically the dominant insect pests in fruit and vegetable crops. By "dominant," we mean the species that, over the years, requires the most frequent applications of the generally most toxic insecticides.

77. Saving Crops Through Integrated Pest Management
Integrated pest management (IPM) calls upon comprehensive biological and natural enemies of Sunn pest, farming practices infestations and the damage to crops.
http://www.icarda.cgiar.org/afghanistan/Saving.htm
Home Consortium Progress Reports Wheat Crop Saved in Helmand, Afghanistan Wheat Crop Saved in Helmand, Afghanistan Needs Assessment Reports Achieving Food Security Forming National Policy Refurbishing Agricultural Stations ... Restoring Alternatives to Poppy Saving Crops through Integrated Pest
Management Human Resource Development Providing Employment Restoring Seed Security In summer 2002, over 200,000 hectares of desperately needed wheat production in Afghanistan was rendered unusable after being infested by the insect "Sunn pest" (Eurygaster integriceps). It was about to happen all over again this spring, but the Central Asian Development Group (CADG) was able to save 12.8 million dollars worth of wheat in Helmand Province using Sunn Pest management information from the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA). According to Steve Shaulis, director of CADG, "we launched an emergency program with our extension workers, supported by community volunteers, and our program covered 32,000 acres in around 7 days." The Sunn pest

78. Integrated Pest Management Of Aster Leafhoppers And Aster Yellows - Manitoba Agr
Wisconsin. Integrated pest management of Aster Yellows. Cultural Control. leafhoppers. Commercial crops Affected by Aster Yellows.
http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/insects/fad51s00.html
February, 2001
Integrated Pest Management of Aster Leafhoppers
and Aster Yellows
Aster yellows is a viral-like disease and is caused by a phytoplasma (previously called mycoplasma-like organism) and is spread by aster leafhoppers.
Introduction
The degree of severity of disease can not be assumed from the number of aster leafhoppers present due to many different factors. Factors such as weather conditions, infectivity rate and precipitation amounts are variable and differ from year to year.
Background and Biology
Links:
Adult: the aster leafhopper is olive-green or straw coloured with six dark coloured spots on the forehead. The abdomen is charcoal and the wings are opaque. They fly between plants in short bursts, depending on wind conditions. They may overwinter as eggs, but substantial numbers migrate from the south, usually arriving in early to mid June. The aster leafhopper will not fly at temperatures below 15 degrees C. The migrants are attracted to grasses and forages, such as winter wheat and alfalfa, for breeding purposes. The eggs takes two weeks and five nymphal stages to reach the first generation, which appear in late June to early July. These cause most of the crop damage, due to their preference for carrots, lettuce and celery as a feeding ground. The feeding itself is not economically damaging, but in the feeding process the plants are infected with aster yellows.

79. Pest Management - Insects - Cutworm - Manitoba Agriculture And Food
April, 2001. pest management Insects - Cutworm. back_button.gif (411 bytes). Cutworms can be a serious problem in many field crops.
http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/insects/fad06s00.html
April, 2001
Pest Management - Insects - Cutworm
Cutworms can be a serious problem in many field crops. There are many different species involved but two of the most common ones are the red-backed cutworm and the army cutworm
Figure 1 Host Crops
The red-backed cutworm (top, Figure 1) feeds on practically all field crops, vegetables, and home garden plants. It is best known for its feeding on cereals, flax, sugar beets, canola, and mustard. The army cutworm (bottom, Figure 1) feeds on the foliage of wheat, oats, barley, mustard, flax, alfalfa, sweetclover, field peas, cabbage, sugar beets, corn, oats, potatoes, various weeds (notably stinkweed) and grasses. Almost any crop, present during the early spring, could be a potential host. Biology
Cutworm larvae (Figure 1) have 4 sets of abdominal prolegs and curl up when disturbed. Red- backed cutworms are dull-gray to brown in colour and have a pink, red or reddish-brown top-stripe that extends the entire length of the body. The top- stripe is divided by a dark line and bordered by darker bands. The head is yellowish-brown. Army cutworms are pale greenish-gray to brown in colour. They have pale stripes down the back and a mottled pattern. They also have a lighter band along the sides. Cutworm moths may lay several hundred eggs on their host plants. After the eggs hatch, the larvae feed on the host plants. They moult several times, eventually reaching about 5 cm (2 in.) in length. The larvae tunnel into the soil to form earthen cells where they pupate. The new moths emerge, exiting through the soil using the old larval tunnels. Some species overwinter as eggs (e.g., the red-backed cutworm); others, as larvae or pupae. Still others do not overwinter in the Prairies but rather re- invade annually from the USA, aided by southerly winds. Most of our pest species have only 1 or 2 generations per year.

80. Pest Management
of integrated pest management. Crop disease pubs from Colorado State University Extension PDF and HTML publications cover diseases of field crops and vegetables
http://www.msue.msu.edu/iac/agnic/lgrntlst/fielpest.html
Pest Management
Field Crop Insects University of Kentucky, College of Entomology, full text listings of field crop pests and controls. Pest Management Guidelines UC Davis Pests Management Guidelines. Choose the crop and it links to full text on diseases and pests.Some specific to CA Plant pathology publications from University of Georgia UGA offers plant disease information on fruit, ornamentals, crops and in vegetables gardens. HTML. Nematode Management Guide from IFAS at the University of Florida The guide lists number of host types, under which are listed many specific hosts for nematodes. Weed Management Guide from IFAS at the University of Florida Weed control information on various categories of crops. Entomology publications from Alabama Extension Auburn University offers a number of HTML publications on various insects pests on a variety of hosts. Scroll to view. Plant Pathology publications from Alabama Extension Auburn University offers a number of HTML publications on diseases of ornamentals and crops, also nematodes topics. Pest control publications from University of Tennessee Extension A number of PDF files covering many pests on many plants and in the home.

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