1. Peru: Indigenous Peoples Still Facing Colour Gap LIMA, Aug 9 (IPS) Not one official activity was planned in Peru for the InternationalDay of Indigenous Peoples, an indicator of the marginalisation and http://www.converge.org.nz/lac/articles/news990820f.htm

Latin American Report All Poverty Should Not be Treated Equally Poverty in Bolivia to Stay for Generations Regional : X Politics : Military : Environment : Rights : X Education : NZ Links : Aid/Relief : Economics : X Indigenous : X Health : Peru: 20 August 1999 Indigenous Peoples Still Facing Colour Gap By Abraham Lama LIMA, Aug 9 (IPS) - Not one official activity was planned in Peru for the International Day of Indigenous Peoples, an indicator of the marginalisation and discrimination faced by the country's nine million indigenous people. The United Nations (UN) established the date in 1995 as part of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples (1994-2004). The goal is to strengthen steps taken towards resolving indigenous people's problems in areas such as human rights, environment, education and health. Peru is a multi-ethnic nation of 25 million - 49 percent are mestizo (mixed race), 14 percent are of European, African or Asian descent, and 36 percent are indigenous peoples who speak their native languages. But Peru's large indigenous population suffers a serious situation of social, economic and cultural marginalisation. The government abolished ''the legal mechanisms for the protection'' of indigenous people because it believes their problems ''are an issue that must be resolved within the liberal economic model,'' stated sociologist Flavio Solorzano, of Population and Development, a non-governmental organisation. The 1993 Constitution, which president Alberto Fujimori actively promoted, was a step backwards as far as indigenous rights are concerned, said jurists Ana Maria Tamayo of Peru and Roque Roldan from Colombia.

2. Peru: Indigenous Peoples And Their Forests Threatened By Gas Exploitation peru indigenous peoples and their forests threatened by gas exploitation.Within the ecological region of the Andean Belt, the Vilcabamba http://www.wrm.org.uy/bulletin/56/Peru.html

Peru: Indigenous peoples and their forests threatened by gas exploitation Within the ecological region of the Andean Belt, the Vilcabamba Cordillera in Peru is the only part where the original habitat has not been degraded. Together with the Urubamba Valley, they constitute a region where so far biodiversity has been conserved in an almost pristine state. Furthermore, it is a zone that fulfils important ecological processes for the water system and climate change, among others essential both to the region and to the world in general. The zone is inhabited by numerous indigenous groups, some of them in a situation of initial contact and in voluntary isolation. But this enormous natural wealth is being threatened by the Camisea Gas Project, carried out by the Pluspetrol-Hunt-SK group, a consortium involving capital from Argentina, the United States and Korea. The background to the project goes back to 1981, when Shell started prospecting in the zone, leading to the identification of gas deposits in Camisea, although it subsequently abandoned the project. In 1999, a call for bids was made for the exploitation of the deposits, and was awarded to the Pluspetrol-Hunt-SK group mentioned above, while transportation and distribution correspond to the Transportadora de Gas del Perú (TGP). The first phase alone of the project will demand an investment of 400 million dollars. This mega project will require the construction of infrastructure and a number of facilities for exploitation, transport, processing, distribution and marketing of this hydrocarbon, with the opening up of trenches 1.5 metres wide, explosions over an area of 800 km2, heliports and various camp sites that will cover 8.5 hectares, 6.400 unloading zones covering 23 hectares, 4 platforms and between 12 and 21 extraction pits, a network of pipelines, 2 pumping stations in the forest, in addition to the processing plant, landing strip, storage and camp sites, over an area of 72 hectares and involving between 500 and 1,000 workers. The addition of all these impacts will result in the destruction and degradation of large forest areas, including the disappearance of numerous species of fauna and flora. As a result, the local populations are seriously concerned.

3. Peru Indigenous Peoples of the strategy for ruling conquered peoples the indigenous people were defeated tocontrol the abuses of the native peoples, Peru s political independence http://www.country-studies.com/peru/indigenous-peoples.html

Indigenous Peoples The word indio , as applied to native highland people of Quechua and Aymara origin, carries strong negative meanings and stereotypes among non-native Peruvians. For that reason, the ardently populist Velasco regime attempted with some success to substitute the term peasant (campesino) to accompany the many far-reaching changes his government directed at improving the socioeconomic conditions in the highlands. Nevertheless, traditional usage has prevailed in many areas in reference to those who speak native languages, dress in native styles, and engage in activities defined as native. Peruvian society ascribes to them a caste status to which no one else aspires. The ingrained attitudes and stereotypes held by the mistikuna (the Quechua term for mestizo people) toward the runakuna (native peoplethe Quechua term for themselves) in most highland towns have led to a variety of discriminatory behaviors, from mocking references to "brute" or "savage" to obliging native Americans to step aside, sit in the back of vehicles, and in general humble themselves in the presence of persons of higher status. The pattern of ethnoracist denigration has continued despite all of the protests and reports, official policies, and compelling accounts of discrimination described in Peruvian novels published since the beginning of the twentieth century.

4. World Bank Group | Indigenous Peoples | Achievements And Impacts the Argentina Indigenous Protected Areas Project, Bolivia Indigenous Peoples DevelopmentProject, as well as the peru indigenous peoples Development Project. http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/ESSD/sdvext.nsf/63ByDocName/AchievementsandImpacts

Contact Us Help/FAQ Index Search ... Topics Search Home Dev Topics Social Development Indigenous Peoples ... About Us Achievements and Impacts About Us Events Policies Projects ... Contact Us Site Resources Ask Us Print-Friendly Page Adobe PDF Reader Email this Page Achievements and Impacts The Bank has been an important actor itself in support of indigenous peoples development over the past two decades and can play a significant role in the future. Perhaps the most important roles of the Bank have been in supporting a capacity building process among indigenous organizations, creating dialogue with national governments about their indigenous policies and programs and cooperating with other international agencies such as the ILO, IFAD, IDB and the Fund for the Development of Indigenous Peoples of Latin America (Fondo Indígena). In addition, the Bank is currently preparing or implementing several Indigenous Development Projects to actively promote the development and quality of life of indigenous peoples and other vulnerable ethnic groups (Afro-Latin-american populations). Such interventions include the Ecuador Indigenous and Afro-Ecuadorian Peoples Development Project, the Argentina Indigenous Protected Areas Project, Bolivia Indigenous Peoples Development Project, as well as the Peru Indigenous Peoples Development Project. Challenges Key Concepts Major Activities and Outputs Objectives ... The World Bank and Indigenous Peoples Policy and Program Initiatives (18KB PDF) Contact Us Help/FAQ Index Search ... Terms and Conditions.

5. Indigenous Peoples In Latin America - LANIC indigenous peoples. Regional Resources. The Amazon Aymara Net Various Information Relating to the Aymaras in Bolivia, peru, Chile, Argentina, and Ecuador http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/region/indigenous

6. Indigenous People, Law, And Politics In Peru indigenous People, Law, and Politics in peru. Joanna Drzewieniecki This will set the stage for an understanding of indigenous peoples' relations with these officials. http://lanic.utexas.edu/project/lasa95/drz.html

7. Peru - Indigenous Peoples peru Table of Contents conquest were implanted into colonial life as part of the strategyfor ruling conquered peoples the indigenous people were defeated http://countrystudies.us/peru/38.htm

Indigenous Peoples Peru Table of Contents The word indio , as applied to native highland people of Quechua and Aymara origin, carries strong negative meanings and stereotypes among non-native Peruvians. For that reason, the ardently populist Velasco regime attempted with some success to substitute the term peasant (campesino) to accompany the many far-reaching changes his government directed at improving the socioeconomic conditions in the highlands. Nevertheless, traditional usage has prevailed in many areas in reference to those who speak native languages, dress in native styles, and engage in activities defined as native. Peruvian society ascribes to them a caste status to which no one else aspires. The ingrained attitudes and stereotypes held by the mistikuna (the Quechua term for mestizo people) toward the runakuna (native peoplethe Quechua term for themselves) in most highland towns have led to a variety of discriminatory behaviors, from mocking references to "brute" or "savage" to obliging native Americans to step aside, sit in the back of vehicles, and in general humble themselves in the presence of persons of higher status. The pattern of ethnoracist denigration has continued despite all of the protests and reports, official policies, and compelling accounts of discrimination described in Peruvian novels published since the beginning of the twentieth century.

8. Yachay Wasi A nonprofit tax exempt organization based in New York City and in Cuzco, dedicated to providing information on the heritage and values of the indigenous peoples of peru. http://www.yachaywasi-ngo.org/

YACHAY WASI  ("House of Learning" in the Quechua Language of Peru) RUNA SIMI (Quechua) is the Inka language still spoken by the descendants of this ancient civilization. The Inka empire was called TAWANTINSUYU (the Four Quarters) and extended through South America. The Four Quarters were: Northeast  - Antisuyu Southeast  - Qollasuyu Southwest - Kuntisuyu Northwest - Chinchaysuyu THIRD SESSION OF PERMANENT FORUM ON INDIGENOUS ISSUES 10-21 May 2004 at UN Hqrs in NYC Report of the Second Session 12-23 May 2003 Andean Encounter 2003 The Inka Challenge 12 Nov. 2003: Secretary-General Kofi Annan visits Machu Picchu STATEMENT From Yachay Wasi newsletter Spring 2004: A Great Unknown Lady: The United Nations (Part 2) First commemoration of the WORLD DAY FOR CULTURAL DIVERSITY FOR DIALOGUE AND DEVELOPMENT 21 May 2003 at UN Hqrs - Sponsored by UNESCO in collaboration with Yachay Wasi Yachay Wasi's work at the United Nations EU @ UN This homepage created by George Maroti and maintained by Marie-Danielle Samuel Updated May 11, 2004

9. The World Wide Web Virtual Library: Indigenous Studies CWIS George Manuel Librar archive of the political struggles waged by indigenous peoples seek to achieve the full expression of Quichua de Santiago del Estero. indigenous People, Law, and Politics in peru http://www.cwis.org/wwwvl/indig-vl.html

The WWW Virtual Library Alphabetical Category Subtree Library of Congress The World Wide Web Virtual Library: INDIGENOUS STUDIES The Center For World Indigenous Studies (CWIS) and the Chief George Manuel Library are pleased to support and contribute to the development and maintenance of the World Wide Web Virtual Library The Indigenous Studies Virtual Library provides links to: General Indigenous Studies Resources I ndigenous Resources for Africa Indigenous Resources for Asia and the Middle East Indigenous Resources for Indigenous Resources for Europe Indigenous Resources for North America Indigenous Resources for the Pacific Other Useful Resources Other World Wide Web Virtual Library Sites If you wish to register a resource with the Indigenous Studies WWW Virtual Library, please use our Site Submission Form . For other inquiries, please e-mail the Chief George Manuel Library Librarian This site is maintained in conjunction with the Australian National University's Aboriginal Studies WWW Virtual Library Circumpolar WWW Virtual Library containing links to Circumpolar Indigenous resources.

10. Indigenous Peoples Of Peru Face Colour Gap indigenous peoples of peru Face Colour Gap. 20 August 1999 By AbrahamLama. LIMA, Aug 9 (IPS) Not one official activity was planned http://www.converge.org.nz/pma/a200899a.htm

Action Alerts PMA's newsletter What's on Links ... PMA main page Indigenous Peoples of Peru Face Colour Gap 20 August 1999 By Abraham Lama LIMA, Aug 9 (IPS) - Not one official activity was planned in Peru for the International Day of Indigenous Peoples, an indicator of the marginalisation and discrimination faced by the country's nine million indigenous people. The United Nations (UN) established the date in 1995 as part of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples (1994- 2004). The goal is to strengthen steps taken towards resolving indigenous people's problems in areas such as human rights, environment, education and health. Peru is a multi-ethnic nation of 25 million - 49 percent are mestizo (mixed race), 14 percent are of European, African or Asian descent, and 36 percent are indigenous peoples who speak their native languages. But Peru's large indigenous population suffers a serious situation of social, economic and cultural marginalisation. The government abolished ''the legal mechanisms for the protection'' of indigenous people because it believes their problems ''are an issue that must be resolved within the liberal economic model,'' stated sociologist Flavio Solorzano, of Population and Development, a non-governmental organisation. The 1993 Constitution, which president Alberto Fujimori actively promoted, was a step backwards as far as indigenous rights are concerned, said jurists Ana Maria Tamayo of Peru and Roque Roldan from Colombia.

11. Updates of the issues related to indigenous peoples or how their actions may affect indigenous communities New Zealand/ Aotearoa. Nicaragua. Nigeria. peru. Philippines. Siberia. South Africa http://www.firstpeoples.org/updates.htm

Back to our homepage Recent Developments in the Indigenous World Do you know of a news item that should be on this list? Email us! THIS WEEK'S BREAKING NEWS! Australia: Aboriginal Politics Hits Crisis in Australia CANBERRA (Reuters) - A crisis in Australia's key indigenous group is spilling over into other areas of black politics, hampering Aborigines from tackling horrifying rates of disease, abuse and neglect, a new report said on Wednesday. The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission (ATSIC) was set up in 1990 to be run by Aborigines as the primary deliverer of programs and services to indigenous communities, which remain the most disadvantaged group in Australia. For full story: , posted June 23, 2003 Chile: Chilean Indians win partial victory against dam SANTIAGO, Chile, June 9 (Reuters) - Indian activists in Chile won a partial legal victory on Monday when courts prohibited a Spanish-owned power company from flooding their ancestral lands as part of a huge hydro-electric dam project. The ruling allows Endesa Chile END.SN EOC.N , owned by Spain's Endesa ELE.MC , to continue building the $530 million dam, Ralco, in southern Chile. The dam is 85 percent complete. However, until a legal issue is resolved it prevents the firm from flooding an area to form an artificial lake where Pehuenche Indians live. Full story here: , posted June 23, 2003 Colombia: Occidental Petroleum Sued in U.S. Courts For Role in Civilian Massacre in Colombia

12. Support Requested To Forest Indigenous Peoples In Peru Support requested to forest indigenous peoples in peru. The MashcoPiro, Yora, Amahuaca, and Yaminahua indigenous peoples in the http://www.wrm.org.uy/bulletin/30/Peru.html

Support requested to forest indigenous peoples in Peru The Mashco Piro, Yora, Amahuaca, and Yaminahua indigenous peoples in the amazonic Alta Piedras region of Madre de Dios in Peru, are being threatened by pending forest concessions. These peoples -called "uncontacted"- which have chosen to remain in isolation from Peruvian society, would have their way of life, as well as their natural resources severely impacted if logging in their ancestral lands actually takes place. The indigenous organization Madre de Dios Native Federation (Federación Nativa Madre de Dios - FENAMAD) has been trying for years to find the way to make the survival of the native inhabitants of that region possible. Nevertheless, the authorities have completely ignored them. FENAMAD took part in the initiative promoted by the Regional Environmental Committee of Madre de Dios to elaborate a proposal for the ecological and economic zonification of the area, which includes the delimitation of indigenous peoples traditional lands to avoid that their territories and resources end in the hands of a few depredatory companies. An operative plan for such delimitation was also presented to the regional office of the Ministry of Agriculture, but the only response obtained until now was that the area is being considered for granting logging licenses. The Peruvian government is up to decide about the licensing of the concessions. Those interesting in supporting this struggle can address the following Peruvian authorities by means of the below model letter:

13. MYTHING LINKS / Indigenous Peoples' Opening Page Opening page to indigenous peoples with annotated illustrated links to beliefs, mythologies, lore, sacred narratives, sacred art, and archaeology. used with permission) " indigenous peoples" has been the most difficult category to organize Amazonian peoples. Andean peoples ( Ecuador, peru, Bolivia northern Chile) http://www.mythinglinks.org/indigenous.html

MYTHING LINKS Kathleen Jenks, Ph.D. GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES Goddesses of Indigenous Peoples: Ptesan-Wi, White Buffalo Woman, Goddess of the Lakota Sandra Stanton (used with permission) Author's Note: 26 October 1998 Once I start more sections, I'll begin splitting this opening page into additional separate files (see below for the "Table of Contents") http://www.nativeweb.org/resources/arts_humanities/ Goddesses of Indigenous Peoples: Oshun, West African Yoruba Goddess of rivers, love, dance Sandra Stanton (used with permission) "Indigenous Peoples" has been the most difficult category to organize. Originally, I tried to keep everything based on geography. Thus, for example, the Maori were a subset under New Zealand. But they were the only subset (the mythology and sacred traditions of white New Zealanders are derived from Europe and I had no reason to give them their own section side by side with the Maori). As such examples grew, I realized that geographical categories were too awkward. So I decided to have a section called "Indigenous Peoples." I am aware that definitions of "indigenous" can be problematic and subject to hostile multi-cultural scrutiny. For the sake of simplicity, by "indigenous," I mean a still-surving people who were the original (or at least among the most ancient) inhabitants of a land before those lands were turned into colonies by peoples of another culture who invariably considered themselves "superior" to the "natives." By "indigenous," I also mean a people who still maintain some contact with their ancient ways, ceremonies, beliefs, arts, ways of healing, birthing, dying. Finally, by "indigenous," I mean a people who have generally been marginalized and oppressed by the newcomers, but who, despite this, sustain a larger visionary sense of their own worth in the web of life.

14. South America The indigenous peoples (aboriginal peoples) of South America are An estimated 30million people were living there de Huántar and among the Paracas in peru. http://www.indigenouspeople.net/americas/southam/

15. Indigenous Peoples indigenous peoples on the Gateway a community promoting knowledge exchanges among indigenous organizations, donors, governments and civil society to promote indigenous development and rights. Education and indigenous peoples. indigenous Development. indigenous Cultures and Languages years respectively. In peru, 65 percent of the indigenous female population is illiterate http://www.developmentgateway.org/topic?page_id=3678

16. AllRefer Reference - Peru - Indigenous Peoples | Peruvian Information Resource peru. indigenous peoples. The word indio, as applied to native highlandpeople of Quechua and Aymara origin, carries strong negative http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/peru/peru55.html

You are here allRefer Reference Peru History ... Peru Peru Indigenous Peoples The word indio , as applied to native highland people of Quechua and Aymara origin, carries strong negative meanings and stereotypes among non-native Peruvians. For that reason, the ardently populist Velasco regime attempted with some success to substitute the term peasant (campesino) to accompany the many far-reaching changes his government directed at improving the socioeconomic conditions in the highlands. Nevertheless, traditional usage has prevailed in many areas in reference to those who speak native languages, dress in native styles, and engage in activities defined as native. Peruvian society ascribes to them a caste status to which no one else aspires. The ingrained attitudes and stereotypes held by the mistikuna (the Quechua term for mestizo people) toward the runakuna (native peoplethe Quechua term for themselves) in most highland towns have led to a variety of discriminatory behaviors, from mocking references to "brute" or "savage" to obliging native Americans to step aside, sit in the back of vehicles, and in general humble themselves in the presence of persons of higher status. The pattern of ethnoracist denigration has continued despite all of the protests and reports, official policies, and compelling accounts of discrimination described in Peruvian novels published since the beginning of the twentieth century. The regions and departments with the largest populations of native peoples are construed to be the most backward, being the poorest, least educated, and less developed. They are also the ones with the highest percentages of Quechua and Aymara speakers. The reasons for the perpetuation of colonial values with respect to autochthonous peoples is complex, being more than a simple perseverance of custom. The social condition of the population owes its form to the kinds of expectations embedded in the premises and workings of the nation's institutions. These are not easily altered. Spanish institutions of conquest were implanted into colonial life as part of the strategy for ruling conquered peoples: the indigenous people were defeated and captured and thus, as spoils of war, were as exploitable as mineral wealth or land. In the minds of many highland mestizos as well as betteroff urbanites, they still are.

17. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Nazca (South American Indigenous Peoples) - Encyclopedia indigenous peoples. Nazca or Nascaboth nAs´kA Pronunciation Key, ancient cultureof the Nazca, Pisco, and Ica river valleys on the desert coast of S peru. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/N/Nazca.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 11, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia South American Indigenous Peoples ... Nazca By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z N Nazca, South American Indigenous Peoples Related Category: South American Indigenous Peoples Nazca or Nasca Pronunciation Key , ancient culture of the Nazca, Pisco, and Ica river valleys on the desert coast of S Peru. Flourishing during the first millennium A.D. , the Nazca culture seems to have developed out of the Paracas culture, and after 900 it was apparently under Tiahuanaco influence until the Inca conquered the region in the 15th cent. The Nazca excelled in the production of beautiful ceramics and textiles. Highly polished, expertly designed, and with polychrome painting, Nazca pottery is unlike that of other Peruvian cultures. Textiles show a multitude of weaving techniques and extraordinary skill in dyeing with several shades of the same color; both coastal cotton and highland alpaca wool were used. Aerial exploration of the arid tableland surrounding the Palpa valley has revealed a remarkable network of lines and trapezoids interspersed with giant animal figures of unmistakable Nazca origin; the animals were probably built to be seen by sky gods, and the lines are believed to be related to observations in astronomy. See J. A. Mason

18. The Amahuaca - Amazon Tribe Ashaninca, Nahua and Kugapakori indigenous peoples have traditionally occupied theUrubamba Valley, situated between the central and southern regions of peru. http://www.crystalinks.com/amahuaca.html

The Amahuaca - Amazon Tribe of Peru The Amahuaca are located in the tropical jungles of Peru. The largest community of Amahuaca is in Puesto Varadero, a jungle community on the Peruvian-Brazilian border. The Machiguenga, Yine-Piro, Yaminahua, Amahuaca, Ashaninca, Nahua and Kugapakori Indigenous Peoples have traditionally occupied the Urubamba Valley, situated between the central and southern regions of Peru. In the beginning of the 18th century, missionaries met with resistance by these peoples, because the region was isolated from the national society. After the rubber boom, the phenomenon of the hacienda and the patrons appropriated indigenous territories and exploited their work force. This also led to the arrival of Dominican missionaries to the region. In this manner, the national policies of territorial occupation in the Amazon, since the advent of the Republic, has been characterized by the intensification of this colonization, as well as the mercantile activity and extraction. This trend is consolidated with the promulgation of the Law of Lands and Mountains (No.1220) in 1909, that incorporates the State's domain over lands traditionally occupied by Indigenous Peoples of the Amazon, but that were not acquired as agreed to in the Civil Code of 1852. Through this law, large areas of land were granted to businesses and explorers. Such arrangements continued until 1974, when Decree No.20653 (Law of the Native Communities and of Land and Cattle Promotion in Jungle Regions) was proclaimed. Before this law, Decree 3 of 1957 established the legal term "reserve," creating sixty-four of them to assure the subsistence of the Indigenous Peoples (Manríquez, 1996, p. 1-3).

19. Global Greengrants Fund :: Grants :: Grantee Profiles would have sent a clear message that significant changes to the Camisea project areneeded to protect the environment and indigenous peoples in peru. For more http://www.greengrants.org/grantstories.php?news_id=12

20. World Bank Group | Indigenous Peoples | Latin America And The Caribbean peru indigenous and Afro-peruvian peoples Development Project (LIL)Project Information Document, December 1999. peru - indigenous http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/ESSD/sdvext.nsf/63ByDocName/ProjectsInvestmentPortf

Contact Us Help/FAQ Index Search ... Topics Search Home Dev Topics Social Development Indigenous Peoples ... Investment Portfolio Latin America and the Caribbean About Us Events Policies Projects ... Contact Us Site Resources Ask Us Print-Friendly Page Adobe PDF Reader Email this Page [insert heading] East Asia and the Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean South Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Argentina - Indigenous Protected Areas Project (LIL) , October 25, 1999 Bolivia - Abapo-Camiri Highway Project: Project Appraisal Document, April 1999 Bolivia - Abapo-Camiri Highway Project: Project Information Document, March 1998 Bolivia - Indigenous Peoples Development Project (LIL), Project Information Document , December 18, 2000 ... Terms and Conditions.

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