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         Peoples Of The Far North Native Americans:     more detail
  1. Life in the Far North (Native Nations of North America) by Bobbie Kalman, Rebecca Sjonger, 2003-10
  2. Natives of the Far North: Alaska's Vanishing Culture in the Eye of Edward Sheriff Curtis by Shannon Lowry, 1994-10
  3. The Inuit: Ivory Carvers of the Far North (America's First Peoples) by Rachel A. Koestler-Grack, 2003-08
  4. Art of the Far North: Inuit Sculpture, Drawing, and Printmaking (Art Around the World) by Carol Finley, 1998-09
  5. Kumak's House: A Tale of the Far North
  6. The Shaman's Nephew: A Life in the Far North (Nature All Around Series) by Simon Tookoome, 2000-12-01
  7. The Girl Who Dreamed Only Geese: And Other Tales of the Far North by Howard Norman, 1997-09-01
  8. Four, so far, hope to compete for top AFN job.: An article from: Wind Speaker by Paul Barnsley, 2000-06-01
  9. Handbook of the American Frontier, Volume IV: The Far West by J. Norman Heard, 1997-07-23
  10. Now I Know Only So Far: Essays in Ethnopoetics by Dell Hymes, 2003-10-01
  11. Reclaiming the Ancestors: Decolonizing a Taken Prehistory of the Far Northeast (Wabanaki World) by Frederick Matthew Wiseman, 2005-07-05

1. Compact Histories
While the use of red ocre was common among native americans, no other tribe used forces upon north America's native peoples which reached far beyond the immediate areas of
http://www.tolatsga.org/Compacts.html
First Nations Histories
(Revised 10.4.02)
Abenaki
Acolapissa Algonkin Bayougoula ... Winnebago
First Nations Search Tool
Geographic Overview of First Nations Histories
Compact Histories Bibliography
Location List of the Native Tribes of the US and Canada
There is a small graphic logo available on this page
for anyone wishing to use it for the purposes of
linking back to the First Nations
Compact Histories. Please Note: These Compact Histories are presented here to provide information to those interested in learning more about the First Nations. Lee Sultzman has authored all of the Histories. They are NOT here to provide spoon fed information for "school reports." Accordingly we are not interested in any questions asking for help in completing your school assignment. As to those who question our credibility, you may take us or leave us. These Histories were written and assembled as a labor-of-love. Take them or leave them, period. Abenaki Native Americans have occupied northern New England for at least 10,000 years. There is no proof these ancient residents were ancestors of the Abenaki, but there is no reason to think they were not. Acolapissa The mild climate of the lower Mississippi required little clothing. Acolapissa men limited themselves pretty much to a breechcloth, women a short skirt, and children ran nude until puberty. With so little clothing with which to adorn themselves, the Acolapissa were fond of decorating their entire bodies with tattoos. In cold weather a buffalo robe or feathered cloak was added for warmth.

2. Indigenous Peoples Of North & Central America Videotapes In The Media Resources
native American Video Resources on the Internet. Bibliography of relevant books and articles in the UC Berkeley Library. Video Librarian. Acts of Defiance this episode native peoples confront Spanish north America, igniting a firestorm of controversy pitting scientists against native americans at the farreaching implications for the
http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/IndigenousVid.html

  • Mexico/Latin America
  • The Movies, Race, and Ethnicity for fictional films (westerns, etc.) that present images of Native Americans and various ethnic groups filtered through the lens of Hollywood.
  • Native American Video Resources on the Internet
  • Bibliography of relevant books and articles in the UC Berkeley Library
    Across the Sea of Grass ( Land of the Eagle
    Traces the journey of Lewis and Clark and other early pioneers of the land beyond the Mississippi who made their way across the plains that were home to buffalo, grizzly bear, pocket gophers, pronghorn antelope, and tribes of Mandan, Sioux and Pawnie. See how thousands of these determined settlers turned these wild lands into wheat fields. And understand why the destruction of the vast buffalo herds had such an impact on the Indian population who depended on them. 60 min. Video/C 2364
  • Video Librarian
  • Acts of Defiance
    In a widely covered 1990 protest against a proposal to develop Mohawk claimed land in Quebec into a golf course, the Mohawk of Kanesatake blockaded a rarely used dirt road to protect their land. The confrontation escalated and in the ensuing gun battle, a policeman was killed. This documentary captures in detail the struggles of the Mohawk people against the federal and provincial governments, the Canadian army, and the stone throwing rioters that the Surete du Quebec were unable to control. 1992. 105 min. Video/C 8143
    Alcatraz Is Not an Island
    This program tells the story of the American Indian occupation of Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay which began in 1969 and lasted 19 months. The documentary interweaves archival footage and contemporary commentary to examine how this historic event altered American government Indian policy and programs, and how it forever changed the way Native Americans viewed themselves, their culture and their sovereign rights. c2002. 58 min. Video/C 9394
  • 3. Native Americans In Film And Television: A Short Bibliography Of Materials In Th
    peoples of the Americas and native americans became more positive as the threat of a European war became more real. In Susannah of the Mounties (1939), north far from the
    http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/IndigenousBib.html
    Native Americans in the Movies:
    A Bibliography of Materials in the UC Berkeley Library
  • Books
  • Journal Articles
  • Articles and Books on Individual films [Click on a film] Billy Jack Black Robe Broken Arrow Buffalo Bill and the Indians Cheyenne Autumn Dances With Wolves Drums Along the Mohawk Fort Apache Harold of Orange Last of the Mohicans Little Big Man Pochahontas Powwow Highway The Searchers Smoke Signals Thunderheart
  • for articles and reviews of individual films
  • Bibliography of books and articles about John Ford
  • Books
    Baird, Robert.
    "Going Indian: Discovery, Adoption, and Renaming toward a 'True American,' from Deerslayer to Dances with Wolves." In: Dressing in Feathers: The Construction of the Indian in American Popular Culture / edited by S. Elizabeth Bird. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1996. pp: 195-209
    Main Stack E98.P99.D72 1996
    Bataille, Gretchen M.
    Images of American Indians on Film: An Annotated Bibliography
    Gretchen M. Bataille, Charles L.P. Silet. New York: Garland, 1985. Series title: Garland reference library of social science; v. 307.
    UCB Moffitt PN1995.9.I48 B3 Reference

    4. Information On Native Americans: American Indian FAQ For Kids
    these three groups are indigenous peoples of Canada and and cultures and considerthemselves distinct from native americans. who live in the far north of Canada
    http://www.native-languages.org/kidfaq.htm
    Kids Menu More FAQ's
    American Indian FAQ for Kids
    (Information on Native Americans)
    Hello, and welcome to Native Languages of the Americas! We are a non-profit organization working to preserve and promote American Indian languages, particularly through the use of Internet technology. Because of our website's mission, most of the information we provide is about individual tribes. There are many different Indian tribes and nations, and they all have unique cultures and traditions. On this page we have provided the answers to questions about Native Americans in general that we are frequently asked by younger readers. If you have a question that is not addressed on this page, please email it to us and we may add the answer to this page!
    Frequently Asked Questions about American Indians
    What is the difference between "American Indian," "Native American," "First Nations," and "indigenous people"?
    Which one should I use?

    Are Inuit/Eskimos Native American? What about Hawaiians? What about the Metis?

    What was Native American culture like in the past? What is it like now?
    ...
    What tribes are you from?

    Q : What is the difference between "American Indian," "Native American," "First Nations," and "indigenous people"? Which one should I use?

    5. Overview Of The Far North
    The far north peoples are generally shorter and broader than other native north americans,with rounder faces, lighter skin and epicanthic eye folds, the small
    http://nativeamericanrhymes.com/farnorth/overview.htm
    Overview of the Far North
    The region known as the Far North area extends more than 5,000 miles, all the way from the Aleutian Islands in Alaska to Labrador in Canada. Although most of it lies in northern Alaska and northern Canada, the culture area also includes territory in Siberia (part of Russia) to the west, as will as in Greenland (part of the kingdom of Denmark) to the east. The Arctic Culture Area touches upon three oceans-the Pacific, the Arctic and the Atlantic. The climate of the Far North is fierce. Winters are long and bitterly cold, with few hours of sunlight. In the northernmost latitudes of the Arctic beyond the Arctic Circle, the sun never rises above the horizon for part of the winter, resulting in the phenomenon known as the midnight sun. Likewise, for part of the summer, the sun never sets below the horizon. During the long winter, the land is covered by ice. The subsoil never thaws, remaining frozen all year in a state known as permafrost. When the surface ice thaws during the short summer, the water does not drain, but forms numerous lakes and ponds along with mud and rising fog. The Arctic Ocean freezes over in the winter, and then breaks up into drift ice during the summer thaw. The cold Arctic has little precipitation. It is actually a frozen desert. Arctic blizzards are not characterized by huge amounts of snowfall. Rather, gale-force winds stir up what surface snow already exists, forming snowdrifts.

    6. MSN Encarta - Native Americans Of North America
    Algonquianspeaking peoples, including the Ojibwa (Chippewa and customs of easternNorth America far better than the French and native americans developed ties
    http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761570777_26/Native_Americans_of_North_Ameri
    MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items Migration to the Americas Native American Architecture more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks
    Native Americans of North America
    News Search MSNBC for news about Native Americans of North America Internet Search Search Encarta about Native Americans of North America Search MSN for Web sites about Native Americans of North America Also on Encarta Encarta guide: The Reagan legacy Compare top online degrees Proud papas: Famous dads with famous kids Also on MSN Father's Day present ideas on MSN Shopping Breaking news on MSNBC Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Page 26 of 32 Native Americans of North America Multimedia 234 items Article Outline Introduction Population: Past and Present Earliest Peoples Culture Areas ... Native Americans Today A Early Cultures in North America Scholars hotly debate when and how the first peoples—the ancestors of today’s Native Americans—arrived in the Americas. What is clear, however, is that Native Americans have lived in North America for countless generations and thousands and thousands of years. Such extended, deep connections to the land strongly link Native Americans to the American landscape. Most Native Americans insist that their ties to the land extend beyond the reach of memory and that nonnative peoples should recognize and respect such ties.

    7. Listening To Native Americans - John Barry Ryan
    the annual meeting of the north American Academy of the Haida and other native American peoples were particularly far from embracing the idea of the NMAI, some native americans
    http://www.op.org/DomCentral/library/native.htm
    Vol. 31, No.1 Winter 1996 pp. 24-36
    Listening to Native Americans:
    Making Peace with the Past for the Future
    John Barry Ryan
    John Barry Ryan is Professor of Religious Studies and a member of the Peace Studies faculty at Manhattan College. His research interests include liturgical studies and American Indian religions. It is a Native American tradition to introduce oneself before one speaks. In that spirit, I begin with some steps in my own journey of listening to Native Americans. I acknowledge at the outset that for most of my life I did not listen, maybe could not listen. But for a decade now, I have been attempting to listen to Native Americans. "Attempting" is the appropriate word because I am very much aware that I bring preconceptions, hardheadedness, and lack of attention to the conversation. Even worse, Native Americans have taught me that I carry a much heavier burden. I view the world from the conqueror's point of view, which informs everything I do. I knew this intellectually, but in listening to Native Americans I understand more concretely and in some detail what it means. I only dared propose a course on Native American Religions because I had researched Navajo prayer forms for two papers that I presented, one in 1985 at the annual meeting of the North American Academy of Liturgy and the other in 1991 at the biannual meeting of

    8. MSN Encarta - Native Americans Of North America
    however, the glaciers had retreated far enough to explorers first arrived in NorthAmerica, they encountered Over time, these indigenous peoples had developed
    http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761570777/Native_Americans_of_North_America.
    MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items Migration to the Americas Native American Architecture more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks
    Native Americans of North America
    News Search MSNBC for news about Native Americans of North America Internet Search Search Encarta about Native Americans of North America Search MSN for Web sites about Native Americans of North America Also on Encarta Encarta guide: The Reagan legacy Compare top online degrees Proud papas: Famous dads with famous kids Also on MSN Father's Day present ideas on MSN Shopping Breaking news on MSNBC Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Native Americans of North America Multimedia 234 items Article Outline Introduction Population: Past and Present Earliest Peoples Culture Areas ... Native Americans Today I Introduction Print Preview of Section Native Americans of North America , indigenous peoples of North America. Native Americans had lived throughout the continent for thousands of years before Europeans began exploring the “New World” in the 15th century.

    9. Native Americans
    distant land, who are technologically faradvanced from native American peoples AHistory of Genocide from Baobab Treaties Made with the north American Indians
    http://42explore.com/native.htm
    The Topic:
    Native Americans
    This project on Native Americans includes tons of resources - - too many to fit onto just this one page! Connect to the project's three other companion pages for lots more ideas and information: (1) Biographies of Native Americans - A to Z Native American Tribes and Cultures , and (3)
    Easier - Native Americans, sometimes called American Indians, are descendants of the first people to live in the Americas. They had been living there for thousands of years before any Europeans arrived. Harder - When Columbus landed in what is now known as the West Indies, he incorrectly thought he had reached the Indies. He called the native people he met Indians. The Indians of the Americas spoke hundreds of different languages, had many varied ways of life, and each group had its own name. Some lived in large cities and others in small villages. Still others kept moving throughout the year, hunting animals and gathering wild plants.
    First Americans by K. Martin (Grades 4-8)

    10. Native Americans - Introduction - Year 9 - SchoolHistory.co.uk
    These native americans were related to the peoples of north eastern Asia. comparedto the small number of people meant new arrivals settled far apart from
    http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year9links/native_detail.html

    Search Tips

    Internet search

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    Site information
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    click for more

    Primary Year 7 Year 8 Year 9 GCSE A-Level Help Back Read the information below Attempt the quiz on the information Follow the suggested links as extension work Introduction to Native North Americans When European explorers arrived in America in 1492 they found around 2 million Native Americans living there. The Europeans mistakenly called them Indians, thinking they had landed in the Indies in the Far East of Asia. These 'Indians' belonged to at least 300 different tribes and spoke over 2,000 different languages. Famous examples of these tribes are:
  • the Cheyenne the Blackfoot the Comanche the Sioux

  • Each tribe spoke a separate language, and their houses, clothes and entertainment differed. However, they all followed a similar life based on hunting and farming.

    11. Native North Americans - Summary And Mini-lesson -
    called them Indians, thinking they had landed in the Indies in the far East of Asia. TheseNative americans were related to the peoples of north eastern Asia
    http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/native_detail.html
    Home Year 8 Native Americans Basic summary
    Native Americans summary document.write(day + " " + todaysdate + " " + month + " " + year);
    You are 1 of 102 current users
    When European explorers arrived in America in 1492 they found around 2 million Native Americans living there. The Europeans mistakenly called them Indians, thinking they had landed in the Indies in the Far East of Asia. These 'Indians' belonged to at least 300 different tribes and spoke over 2,000 different languages. Famous examples of these tribes are:
    • The Cheyennethe Blackfoot The Comanchethe Sioux
    Each tribe spoke a separate language, and their houses, clothes and entertainment differed. However, they all followed a similar life based on hunting and farming.
    Stereotypical Native American Home. These Native Americans were related to the peoples of north eastern Asia. It is thought that their ancestors crossed a land bridge linking Siberia to Alaska around 30,000 BC.There was gradual movement south to the Great Plains of (the yet to be called) America. The enormous size of America compared to the small number of people meant new arrivals settled far apart from each other. They lived in isolated groups, which became separate 'nations' or tribes. Each tribe had the space to develop their own individual language and traditions.

    12. Pages Of Shades - Native Americans
    in this area and date as far back as The peoples of the region along the AtlanticOcean The Plateau people in northwestern north America hunted deer and small
    http://www.angelfire.com/realm/shades/nativeamericans/1maps.htm
    var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded"
    Native American Territories
    At certain periods during the Pleistocene epoch, the temperatures turned cold enough to freeze much of the earth's water into ice. The sea level dropped as much as 90 m (300 ft) and the shallow Bering Strait between Alaska and Siberia became a natural land bridge on which grazing animals, and the humans who stalked them, passed. Most anthropologists believe that Native Americans descend from Asian peoples who moved into North America by way of this land bridge.
    Arctic Region
    1. Greenland Inuit (Kalaallit)
    2. Labrador Inuit
    3. Central Inuit
    4. Banks Island Inuit
    5. Western Artic Inuit (Inuvialuit)

    13. Apache Native Americans Of The Southwestern Deserts - DesertUSA
    the Navajo) came from the far north to settle Archaic peoples( Part 2) Desert Archaicpeoples Spritual Quest (Part 3) native americans - The Formative
    http://www.desertusa.com/ind1/du_peo_apache.html
    Native American
    THE APACHE PEOPLE
    of the Southwestern Deserts
    Various Apache peoples (including the Navajo) came from the Far North to settle the Plains and Southwest after AD 1000 in three desert regions (Great Basin, Sonoran and Chihuahuan). The word Apache is most likely derived by the Spanish from a Zuni word meaning "enemy." Subsequently, many groups of Southwest peoples were labeled "Apache," resulting in a considerable array (40+) of "Apache" groups, often with tragic consequences. The various groups usually hunted and gathered in the more mountainous regions, but also practiced some gardening or trade for cultivated plant products (CBS). Today, the major Apache groups include the Jicarilla (New Mexico), the Mescalero (New Mexico) and Western Apache (Arizona. 15 reservations). The Chiricahua Apache were removed from their own reservation in 1876 and sent to prison in 1886. Subsequently, some Chiricahua relocated to Oklahoma and some joined the Mescalero Apache in southern New Mexico. Today, Apache groups have been very successful in ranching and recreational facilities; especially ski resorts in some of their beautiful mountain areas.

    14. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Natives, North American (North American Indigenous Peopl
    natives, north American, peoples who occupied north America before the arrival ofthe Europeans in the native americans were far more likely to die.
    http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/N/NatvsNA.html
    AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 11, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia North American Indigenous Peoples ... Natives, North American
    By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z N
    Natives, North American, North American Indigenous Peoples
    Related Category: North American Indigenous Peoples Natives, North American, peoples who occupied North America before the arrival of the Europeans in the 15th cent. They have long been known as Indians because of the belief prevalent at the time of Columbus that the Americas were the outer reaches of the Indies (i.e., the East Indies). Most scholars agree that Native Americans came into the Western Hemisphere from Asia via the Bering Strait or along the N Pacific coast in a series of migrations. From Alaska they spread east and south. The several waves of migration are said to account for the many native linguistic families (see Native American languages Eskimo ), i.e., Northwest Coast, Plains, Plateau, Eastern Woodlands, Northern, and Southwest. Information about particular groups can be found in separate articles and in separate biographies and subject articles (e.g., Pontiac's Rebellion Dawes Act Sections in this article:
    Topics that might be of interest to you: Americas, antiquity and prehistory of the

    15. Native Americans
    Part I Tribesmen of north America Chapter 1 Villagers of the northeast; Chapter2 Chapter 4 Dwellers of the Desert; Chapter 5 peoples of the far West.
    http://www.pemblewickpress.com/native_americans.htm
    THE STORY OF THE FIRST AMERICANS BOOK I: ANCIENT TIMES Who were the very first Americans, and where did they come from? How did global warming influence the development of early cultures? Who were the Olmecs, the Nazca, the Maya, the Mound builders, and the Anasazi. What made corn a "wonder crop?" Who was Kokopelli, and what was the special appeal of snakes? What happened to those ancient cultures? How do we know so much about them? ANCIENT TIMES holds many clues to early American history's mysteries. Table of Contents: Chapter 1: Man Arrives in America; Chapter 2: Mesoamerica; Chapter 3: Happenings in South America: Chapter 4: The American Southwest; Chapter 5: The Mound Builders; Chapter 6: The Far North and the Northwest Coast. 184 pages BOOK II: NATIVE AMERICA ON THE EVE OF DISCOVERY Millions of people were living in the "New World" when Columbus arrived. What were their cultures like? What common threads linked the lives of societies as diverse as the Iroquois and the Navajo? Who were Raven, Coyote, and Hare ? Why were Native Americans such avid sky-watchers? What explains the growth of cities in Mexico and Peru? What happened when native and European cultures clashed? This book is brimming with lively descriptions and thoughtful commentary. Table of Contents:

    16. Public Record Office | Education | Snapshots | Native North Americans
    in the Indies in the far East of from more background and materials on the nativeNorth americans. activities); native americans the First peoples (huge page
    http://learningcurve.pro.gov.uk/snapshots/snapshot37/snapshot37.htm
    In 1492, Christopher Columbus landed in what Europeans called the 'New World'. Columbus 'found' a land with around two million inhabitants. He thought he had found a new route to the East, so he mistakenly called these people 'Indians'. These people, correctly known as Native North Americans, must have been shocked at the arrival of Columbus. Within a hundred years, Europeans were trying to settle in America. This snapshot examines what happened between these early European settlers and the Native Americans. Using primary source evidence you will investigate what the early contact was like. Were the Native Americans savage and vicious hosts? Were the Europeans unreasonable and unfair? Or did they all just get along fine? You need to find out what happened. The evidence comes from 1607. This was the year that the first permanent English settlement was established in North America, known as Jamestown. These first settlers - and those who sent them - were keen to find out about the area, keen to see how they could benefit. These settlers began to explore - and they soon encountered the Native people. Using the information they recorded, you are going to examine their initial thoughts and feelings.
    Read Source 1
    Source 1: Extract from a journal of one of the settlers.

    17. Native American Spirituality
    place of special power and significance…far from telling sensibility is lost onmodern peoples, who consider native americans existed on north, Central and
    http://www.greenspirit.org.uk/resources/NatAmerSpirit.htm
    TOPIC: Native American Spirituality
    Editor Donna Ladkin The papers relating to this topic are: Carol Lee Sanchez. Animal, Vegetable, and Mineral. Jack D. Forbes. Indigenous Americans: Spirituality and Ecos Introduction to the Topic There were over one thousand different tribal peoples indigenous to the North American continent when Europeans first arrived in that territory. Each tribe had its own set of festivals, rituals, and spiritual beliefs, therefore to write of 'Native American spirituality' as one entity would be erroneous. However, common features are apparent across tribal peoples, pointing to some of the assumptions which inform the spiritual beliefs and practices of those indigenous to the North American continent . Spirituality played a central role in the lives of many of these peoples, for as Angie Debo writes: he [the Indian] was deeply religious. The familiar shapes of earth, the changing sky, the wild animals he knew, were joined with his own spirit in mystical communion. The powers of nature, the personal quest of the soul, the acts of daily life, the solidarity of the tribeall were religious, and were sustained by dance and ritual. This piece attempts to highlight some of the key aspects which Native American peoples share in terms of their spirituality. There is much that has been written in this area, and the brief list of suggested books I offer may provide a starting point for those wishing to pursue this area further.

    18. ENVIRONMENT: Native North Americans Divided Over Oil Drilling Plan For Arctic Re
    native north americans Divided Over Oil Drilling Plan for Arctic Refuge. By PaulWeinberg TORONTO, Jan 4 (IPS) Aboriginal peoples in the far north of north
    http://www.oneworld.org/ips2/dec00/23_30_074.html
    IPS news reports appear daily in English, German, Finnish, Norwegian, Spanish and Swedish.
    To subscribe , please contact us at: Africa Asia Caribbean Europe ... North America
    ENVIRONMENT: Native North Americans Divided Over Oil Drilling Plan for Arctic Refuge
    By Paul Weinberg TORONTO, Jan 4 (IPS) - Aboriginal peoples in the far north of North America are expressing strong differences over the proposed drilling for oil and gas in the 7.6-million hectare Arctic National Wildlife Refuge in the US state of Alaska. On the opposing side are the 7,000 Gwich'in Indians half of who live in Canada's western Arctic while the rest reside on the Alaska side. More supportive of the development are Alaska's Inupiaq Eskimos. US president-elect George Bush, formerly an oil industry businessman himself, is expected to approve the proposed development in what has been described as a rich natural territory of polar bears, grizzly bears, musk oxen, a large herd of caribou and hundreds of species of birds. Bush and Republicans in Washington are seeking to protect the United States buffeted by higher oil and natural gas prices from excessive dependence on non-US sources of energy. Petroleum industry estimates have put the amount of recoverable oil in the ground in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge as high as 16 billion barrels ¡ apparently enough to replace US imports of oil from Saudi Arabia for more than 30 years.

    19. Books About Native Americans
    far north. text present aspects of the lives of the many varied native peoples ofnorth food, means of travel, and modern descendants of north American tribes.
    http://www.monroe.lib.in.us/childrens/native.html
    Home Children's Services Booklists Skip Navigation ... Websites for Kids Catalog Search word author title subject call #
    Home My Account About the Library Research Tools ... Site Search
    Books About Native Americans
    Picture Books
    Blood, Charles L. The Goat in the Rug.
    Geraldine, a goat, describes how she and a Navajo friend make a rug, from hair clipping to weaving. Bunting, Eve. Cheyenne Again.
    A Cheyenne boy named Young Bull is taken to a boarding school to learn the white man's ways. Goble, Paul. Death of the Iron Horse.
    In 1867, a group of young Cheyenne men derail and raid a freight train. Lacapa, Kathleen and Michael. Less Than Half, More Than Whole.
    A child who is only part Native American is troubled by his mixed racial heritage. Lyon, George Ella. Dreamplace.
    Present-day visitors describe what they see when they visit the pueblos where the Anasazi lived long ago. Martin, Bill. Knots on a Counting Rope.
    Boy-Strength-of-Blue-Horses and his grandfather reminisce about the young boy's life. Mitchell, Barbara.

    20. About Canada - Canada's Native Peoples
    By far the most widespread were (and still are in material terms, these peoples ledsatisfying contacts between Europeans and native north americans occurred in
    http://www.mta.ca/faculty/arts/canadian_studies/english/about/native/
    Table Of Contents
    he northern part of North America that today is known as Canada was far from being a "vast empty land" when the first white people arrived. It was inhabited from the Atlantic to the Pacific by people who were mistakenly called Indians by the European explorers. They had lived in North America for many centuries and already had names for their communal or tribal groupings. These original inhabitants also had elaborate and varied lifestyles and customs which had evolved through long adaptation to their particular environments. Though the population was small, with estimates varying from 500,000 to 2,000,000, the use of the land was more extensive than those figures indicate. The mobile hunting and gathering way of life of most of Canada's First Nations was land-intensive and thus required continuous movement in search of new resources. Of the two main regions where sedentary societies developed, the Northwest Coast had by far the highest population because of its rich sea and rain-forest resources. In fact, it was one of the most densely settled areas in the world for non-agricultural peoples. The other region was southern Ontario, where the climate and fertile soil allowed for farming.

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