21. MSN Encarta - Native Americans Of Middle And South America way down to Central America and across the Isthmus of panama into South period inSpanishspeaking Middle and South America, many indigenous peoples came to http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_701509044/Native_Americans_of_Middle_and_Sou

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items ancient civilizations – Aztec ancient civilizations – Inca more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks Native Americans of Middle and South America News Search MSNBC for news about Native Americans of Middle and South America Internet Search Search Encarta about Native Americans of Middle and South America Search MSN for Web sites about Native Americans of Middle and South America Also on Encarta Encarta guide: The Reagan legacy Compare top online degrees Proud papas: Famous dads with famous kids Also on MSN Father's Day present ideas on MSN Shopping Breaking news on MSNBC Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Native Americans of Middle and South America Multimedia 106 items Article Outline Introduction Culture Areas History Native Americans Today I Introduction Print Preview of Section Native Americans of Middle and South America , indigenous peoples of Middle America ( Mexico Central America , and the West Indies ) and South America . Native Americans were the first humans to inhabit these regions, arriving thousands of years before European explorers laid claim to the “New World.”

22. Indigenous Peoples Council On Biocolonialism Network (Peru) indigenous peoples Council on Biocolonialism (US) International IndianTreaty Council Instituto de Desarrollo Integral de Kuna Yala (panama) Na http://www.ipcb.org/issues/agriculture/htmls/2004/pr_cop7.html

Search IPCB: Use for more specific results Press Release Dated: February 19, 2004 Contact: Debra Harry, dharry@ipcb.org Endorsing Organizations: Asamblea Nacional Indigena Plural por la Autonomia (Mexico) Asia Indigenous Knowledge and Biodiversity Committee (regional) Asociacion Napguana (Panama) Centro de Estudios Multidisciplinarios Aymara CEM-Aymara (Bolivia) Human Rights and Democracy Movement (Tonga) Indigenous Network on Economies and Trade (Canada) Indigenous Peoples Biodiversity Network (Peru) Indigenous Peoples Council on Biocolonialism (US) International Indian Treaty Council Instituto de Desarrollo Integral de Kuna Yala (Panama) Na Koa Ikaika o Ka Lahui Hawai`i (Hawaii) Nga Wahine Tiaki o Te Ao (Aotearoa) Red Nacional de Mujeres Indigenas Sobre Biodiversida de Panama Tebtebba Foundation (Phillipines)

23. Indigenous PeoplesOpposition To The HGDP the US, Canada, panama, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Argentina to focus specificallyon the HGD Project. Our responsibility as indigenous peoples is to ensure http://www.ipcb.org/resolutions/htmls/summary_indig_opp.html

Search IPCB: Use for more specific results Indigenous Peoples Opposition to the HGDP 1. Karioca Declaration (June 1982) Brazil An assembly of indigenous peoples worldwide who met prior to the UN Conference On Environment and Development (Earth Summit) in Rio De Janeiro. 2. The Mataatua Declaration (June 1993) A meeting of over 150 participants, from 14 UN member states, who developed and tabled with the United Nations the Declaration: 3.5 Calls for an immediate halt to the ongoing Human Genome Diversity Project until is moral, ethical, socio-economic, physical and political implications have been thoroughly discussed, understood and approved by indigenous peoples. 3. The UN-Working Group on Indigenous Populations (July 1993-94) An annual UN meeting at which on average 300-400 indigenous representatives attend. The working group and the Sub-commission on the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (comprised of 26 human rights experts) in Aug. 1994 approved Article 29 in the Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. Article 29: Indigenous peoples are entitled to the recognition of the full ownership, control and protection of their cultural and intellectual property. They have the right to special measures to control, develop and protect their sciences, technologies and cultural manifestations including human and other genetic resources, seeds, medicines, knowledge of the properties of fauna and flora, oral traditions, literatures, designs, and visual and performing arts.

24. Leonard Peltier Case | October 12, 2002 | International Indigenous Peoples Day E 12. The protests target Vicente Fox s Plan Puebla panama. Day in Solidarity withNative peoples of the of Honor the Earth, and indigenous Women Network). http://www.freepeltier.org/iipd_events.htm

Listing of Events for International Indigenous Peoples Day 2002 Within the U.S. International Within the U.S. NEVADA TEST SITE/WESTERN SHOSHONE NATION Resist! Action for Nuclear Abolition Nonviolent Direct Action Camp October 11th - 14th Action for Nuclear Abolition Nonviolent Direct Action Camp Join with others and enjoy the beautiful Great Basin Desert. Oct 12th - World Indigenous Day - Ceremonies, sweatlodges and events to honor and stand in solidarity with Indigenous People of the world who have suffered the deadly consequences under the worldwide abuse of nuclear colonialism. Sunset candle light procession to the gates of the Nevada Test Site. Please join us as we take a stand for indigeous people rights everywhere. http://www.shundahai.org/indigenous_fall2k2_flyer.pdf DENVER, CO Transform Columbus Day (TCD) Columbus Day began in Colorado and according to TCD organizers, it will END in Colorado. TCD is a diverse local coalition of labor, youth, religious and community folks that have joined to oppose

25. Resolution Central/South America and Caribbean, Pacific, Former USSR and Eastern Europe attendingthe indigenous peoples Millennium Conference in panama City on 7-11 http://www.nciv.net/Millennium/Resolution/resolution_english.htm

Resolution of the Indigenous Peoples' Millennium Conference on the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Panama City, Panama 7-11 May 2001 We, the Indigenous Peoples of all the regions of the World - Arctic/Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, Central/South America and Caribbean, Pacific, Former USSR and Eastern Europe - attending the Indigenous Peoples' Millennium Conference in Panama City on 7-11 May 2001: Welcome the establishment of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues as a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC); Endorse the Regional Division adopted by the Indigenous Caucus in Geneva on Sunday, 26 November 2000 during the 6th Session of the Open Ended Inter-Sessional Working Group on the Draft United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, for the nomination of indigenous members of the Permanent Forum; Recall the United Nations resolution on the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues with regard to the nomination of indigenous members "on the basis of broad consultations with indigenous organisations taking into account the diversity and geographical distribution of the indigenous people of the world as well as the principles of transparency, representivity and equal opportunity for all indigenous people, including internal processes, when appropriate, and local indigenous consultation processes"; Acknowledge the consultations held in Panama on 16-17 February 2001, in Australia on 17 February 2001, in Bolivia on 13-15 March 2001, in Ecuador on 3-4 May 2001 and in Russia on 12-13 April 2001 for the nomination of indigenous members;

26. Press Release 3 Conference for indigenous peoples at the Gran Hotel Soloy in panama City has successfullybrought together about 150 indigenous peoples representatives from http://www.nciv.net/Millennium/persberichten/press_release_English3.htm

The Indigenous Peoples' Millennium Conference 7-11 May 2001, Panama City, Panama PRESS RELEASE (3) Opening ceremony of the Indigenous Peoples' Millennium Conference Panama City, 7 May 2001 The First Millennium Conference for Indigenous Peoples at the Gran Hotel Soloy in Panama City has successfully brought together about 150 Indigenous Peoples representatives from over 50 countries to deliberate on issues affecting their lives. This meeting underscores the ability of Indigenous Peoples to collectively seek support for, and successfully pursue their fundamental human rights outside of the United Nations' bureaucracy. In mid-April 1999, the United Nations and its member states declined to sponsor a mid-decade review of the Programme of Action for the UN Decade for the World's Indigenous Peoples. Such a review would have facilitated consultations between Indigenous representatives and the United Nations to gauge the progress that was made within the framework of this Decade. This would have served to map out a strategic plan to carry forward the agenda of Indigenous Peoples worldwide. However, rather than shelve the idea, an international Steering Committee of Indigenous Peoples together with the Netherlands Centre for Indigenous Peoples (NCIV) rallied indigenous leaders worldwide and garnered support from individual governments, funding agencies and NGOs and together sponsored this Indigenous Peoples Millenium Conference. This, entirely without the financial support of the United Nations, despite the fact that it was their Decade to review. One of the Steering Committee member organisations, Napguana, which is an Indigenous organisation from Panama, decided that it would host this important conference.

27. MSF: Panama: MSF Brings Aid To Indigenous People Information dated 20.10.1999. panama MSF brings aid to indigenous people. Anestimated 8% of the population of panama is made up of indigenous peoples. http://www.msf.org/content/page.cfm?articleid=8127F786-B5A9-11D4-B1FA0060084A637

28. EPICA: Ecumenical Program In Central America And The Caribbean around the fact of racial discrimination in panama. There is discrimination againstblacks, there is discrimination against indigenous peoples and against http://www.epica.org/Library/church/sanjur2.htm

Our Mission History Our Values Strategic Plan ... Staff EPICA 1470 Irving St. NW, Washington, DC 20010 Tel(202)332-0292 Fax(202)332-1184 epicainfo@epica.org Last Updated Defending the Rights of the Poor in Panama An Interview with Father Conrado Sanjur Father Conrado Sanjur, a Panamanian priest and Chair of the Coordinator for Human Rights in Panama (COPODEHUPA), a non-governmental organization defending the claims of those affected by the 1989 U.S. invasion of Panama in a case before the Inter-American Human Rights Commission of the Organization of American States (O.A.S.). COPODEHUPA also works with other groups in a project which deals with the psychological trauma that people have suffered as a result of the invasion. Father Sanjur is currently Executive Secretary of the Central American coordination of Christian Base Communities. This year marks the seventh anniversary of the U.S. invasion of Panama. Did the invasion accomplish anything? The December 1989 U.S. invasion of Panama may have accomplished U.S. objectives, but it was a tragedy in economic and political terms for the Panamanian people, especially the poor. Many things are still unresolved. For example, a full accounting of lives lost has yet to be made; and those who lost homes and businesses have never been compensated, either by the Panamanian or by the U.S. governments.

29. Indigenous Peoples Speak Out To Save Ancestral Lands Leaders from five Congresses* of the Kuna, Embera, Wounaan, Ngobe and Bugle indigenouspeoples in panama have announced that they would oppose any plan to http://abyayala.nativeweb.org/panama/indigenas.html

Indigenous Peoples Speak Out to Save Ancestral Lands Alicia Korten and Dialis Ehrman Leaders from five Congresses of the Kuna, Embera, Wounaan, Ngobe and Bugle indigenous peoples in Panama have announced that they would oppose any plan to build the Pan-American Highway through the Darien Gap in eastern Panama. The leadership was responding to growing pressure to complete the highway's Darien Gap link, which international business interests see as critical to facilitating trade between North and South America. The declaration was made in July of '95 at the third national meeting of the Indigenous Pan-American Highway Commission (IPAHC), a body that includes organizations representing more than 50,000 indigenous peoples in Panama. The meeting's primary goal was to draft an alternative development document that would take into account indigenous and environmental needs in the region Indigenous leaders hope to use this document to pressure the government and involved financial institutions to consider more sustainable and equitable land-use plans for the Darien Gap. Leaders unanimously agreed to reject construction of the Pan-American Highway, a railroad, or any other project crossing their lands until these lands have been legalized and demarcated. Indigenous people's fears regarding the highway's negative impacts were reinforced by catastrophic flooding last year that destroyed several Kuna communities situated near the Pan-American Highway, which stretches for roughly 160 kms into the Darien Province. "The night [the Chucunaque River rose] our children had to swim to stay alive, the water came up to the necks of the older people. All our fields and many of our houses were washed away. I have never seen such a flood in my lifetime," explained Horacio Lopez Turino, community leader of Wala. He and other residents believe that the flood was a consequence of unprecedented deforestation in the last two decades by loggers and cattle ranchers who have used the highway to gain access to the region's resources.

30. Protection Of Heritage Of Indigenous Peoples and final report containing the Principles and Guidelines for the Protection ofHeritage of indigenous peoples and to the Republic of panama legislation for http://www.usask.ca/nativelaw/hrip.html

Protection of Heritage of Indigenous Peoples T his site links to the preliminary and final report containing the Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Heritage of Indigenous Peoples and to the Republic of Panama legislation for ...registering the collective right of indigenous peoples, for the protection and defense of their cultural identity... Preliminary Report Protection of the heritage of indigenous people Preliminary report Mrs. Erica-Irene Daes, submitted this in conformity with Sub-Commission resolution 1993/44 and decision 1994/10 of the Commission on Human Rights. The United Nations reference to this document is: E/CN.4/Sub.2/1993/28 The site of the preliminary report is at: http://www.halcyon.com/pub/FWDP/International/94-13218.txt Final Report Protection of the heritage of indigenous people Final report of the Special Rapporteur, Mrs. Erica-Irene Daes, in conformity with Subcommission resolution 1993/44 and decision 1994/105 of the Commission on Human Rights. The United Nations reference to this document is: E/CN.4/Sub.2/1995/26

31. Panama William Barrington, spokesman for the National Council of indigenous peoples inPanama, denied the allegation. If we Ngobes and Bugles had such an arsenal. http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/Harvey_Morris/panama.htm

PANAMA'S INDIANS CONFRONT NEW CONQUISTADORES By Jon Mitchell (Dec. 14 1996) PANAMA CITY - When Spanish conqueror Balboa first arrived on the isthmus of Panama looking for land, silver and gold, there were around sixty indigenous groups opposing his presence. Five hundred years later, that number has shrunk to around six. But perhaps for the first time since the Spanish conquest, Panama's indigenous are presenting a united front, with the modern-day conquistadores represented by a Canadian mining company seeking to exploit one of the world's largest copper reserves in the northern province of Chiriqui. And while hard-hats have replaced helmets upon the slopes of the Cerro Colorado mountain range - where the concession is being studied - for the Ngobe-Bugle and other indigenous groups, the mining plan is the latest example that Balboa's spirit lives on in the high echelons of government. "Politically, we are all united on this issue," said Atencio Lopez, an indigenous human-rights lawyer from the San Blas Archipelago. Mr Lopez is of the Kuna tribe, who have historically held more autonomy over their region than Panama's other indigenous groups. Although many of the Ngobe-Bugle living around the town of San Felix and on the concession itself welcome the mine, worries persist over possible environmental problems and how much the community will actually benefit. "We are fighting for a law that guarantees protection of the environment, to reinforce traditional authority, to strengthen our cultural identity and some degree of territorial control," said Marceli no Montezuma, the President of the Ngobe-Bugle, who is spearheading the campaign. Other indigenous groups share his worries and ambitions. Aside from mining activities, logging and ranching also threaten indigenous lands - defined or otherwise. Even the people of Kuna Yala, who were granted strong autonomous powers in 1953, have to frequently defend the limits of their comarca (reserve) against loggers and subsistence farmers. In the past few years these confrontations have become violent, often resulting in gun battles between campesinos and Kunas.

32. BWNS: In Panama's Remote Indigenous Villages, Baha'i Volunteers Provide Much Nee to the great material, cultural and spiritual wealth that indigenous peoples haveenjoyed the children who are the future of the NgabeBugle region in panama. . http://www.bahaiworldnews.org/story.cfm?storyid=186

33. Minorities At Risk (MAR) panama. CHINESE. 109. 0.0400. ethnoclass. panama. indigenous peoples. 164. 0.0600.indigenous peoples. PARAGUAY. indigenous peoples. 106. 0.0200. indigenous peoples.PERU. http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/mar/data/latintbl.htm

Choose a Region Africa (Sub-Saharan) Asia Post-Communist States Latin America and the Caribbean Gpop98: Group Population in 1998 in 000s ( Explanation of population estimates Prop98: Proportion of group population to total population COUNTRY GROUP TYPE ARGENTINA INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples ARGENTINA JEWS national minority BOLIVIA HIGHLAND INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples BOLIVIA LOWLAND INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples BRAZIL AFRO-BRAZILIANS ethnoclass BRAZIL AMAZONIAN INDIANS indigenous peoples CHILE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples COLOMBIA BLACKS ethnoclass COLOMBIA INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples COSTA RICA ANTILLEAN BLACKS ethnoclass DOMINICAN REPUBLIC HAITIAN BLACKS ethnoclass ECUADOR BLACKS ethnoclass ECUADOR HIGHLAND INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples ECUADOR LOWLAND INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples EL SALVADOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples GUATEMALA INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples GUYANA ARFO-GUYANANS communal contender GUYANA EAST INDIANS communal contender HONDURAS BLACK KARIBS ethnoclass HONDURAS INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples MEXICO MAYANS indigenous peoples MEXICO OTHER INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples MEXICO ZAPOTECS indigenous peoples NICARAGUA INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples PANAMA BLACKS ethnoclass PANAMA CHINESE ethnoclass PANAMA INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples PARAGUAY INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples PERU BLACKS ethnoclass PERU HIGHLAND INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples PERU LOWLAND INDIGENOUS indigenous peoples VENEZUELA BLACKS ethnoclass VENEZUELA INDIGENOUS PEOPLES indigenous peoples Minorities at Risk Project Coordinator

34. THREATS OVER THE FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN COLUMBIA peoples of Choco. It has also expanded recently to the Kuna (Tulé)indigenous people on the border lands with panama. In midJanuary http://www.cetim.ch/2003/03ec15w4.htm

Threats over the fundamental rights of indigenous peoples in Columbia Human Rights Commission 2003 Statement on Item 15: Indigenous Questions. Joint Written Statement by CETIM and AAJ. UN Symbol E/CN.4/2003/NGO/175 Keywords *Colombia*Indogenous*Plan Puebla Panama*IISARI*Free Trade At a time when international attention is focusing on the imminence of a war against Iraq, other serious conflicts have just been put into the background. This is the notorious case of Columbia, a country that suffers from a civil war that seems impossible to resolve. In this South American country, 20 people die daily of whom 15 are unarmed persons assassinated inside their homes, in their places of work and in the streets. One thousand persons have been displaced per day for the last three years, a high percentage of whom are members of the indigenous community: they represent 12 % of the displaced people, whereas the full indigenous population is only approximately 0,6 % of the entire population of the country Faced with this alarming situation, the indigenous communities met on August 22, following the inauguration of the presidency of President Alvaro Uribe Velez, and presented a document in which they requested the new government to establish a policy that will allow some respect for the indigenous peoples. There has been no written answer so far from the government, which, instead, is showing clear signs of no interest in the protection of the indigenous peoples of Colombia, as the following events illustrate:

35. FOR: Panamá Update, Spring-Summer 1996 The National Coordinating Body of indigenous peoples of panama, the Catholic Church,human rights and environmental organizations have sought the annulment of http://www.forusa.org/programs/panama/archives/696urgen.htm

Fellowship of Reconciliation Panama Campaign FOR Task Force on Latin America and the Caribbean 2017 Mission St. #305, San Francisco, CA 94110 Tel: (415) 495-6334, Fax: (415) 495-5628, E-mail: forlatam@igc.apc.org Urgent Action: Copper Mine Imposed on Affected Indigenous Communities On February 29, the Panamanian government authorized the Canadian mining company Panacobre (owned by Tiomin Resources) to begin exploration and then copper exploitation at the Cerro Colorado mine, in Remedios, Chiriquí, thought to be the third largest porphyry copper reserve in the world. But the area where the mine is located is inhabited by Ngobe indigenous people. The Ngobes have worked for more than 20 years for legal recognition of their Constitutional right to demarcation of their lands - that is, for the Ngobe-Buglé Reserve (or comarca) law. The Ngobe-Buglé people number 123,000 (about 60% of all Panama's indigenous population), distributed between Chiriqu', Bocas del Toro and Veraguas provinces. They were not consulted when the mining concession was made, although there is a Inter-governmental Commission for writing the demarcation bill, which includes Ngobe-Buglé representation and to which the government had committed itself. The Ngobe General Congress has also demanded that the government not go ahead with the concession before the Comarca is defined. There are also serious concerns about the social, political and ecological effects that the mining concession will have on the indigenous people. The National Coordinating Body of Indigenous Peoples of Panama, the Catholic Church, human rights and environmental organizations have sought the annulment of the mining contract. Ecologists say that mining projects in Panama lack environmental impact studies and that cyanide spills have recently resulted from the Remance Mine.

36. World Bank Group | Indigenous Peoples | Latin America And The Caribbean panama Social Investment Fund Project Project Information Document, September1997. Peru - indigenous and Afro-Peruvian peoples Development Project (LIL http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/ESSD/sdvext.nsf/63ByDocName/ProjectsInvestmentPortf

Contact Us Help/FAQ Index Search ... Topics Search Home Dev Topics Social Development Indigenous Peoples ... Investment Portfolio Latin America and the Caribbean About Us Events Policies Projects ... Contact Us Site Resources Ask Us Print-Friendly Page Adobe PDF Reader Email this Page [insert heading] East Asia and the Pacific Latin America and the Caribbean South Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Argentina - Indigenous Protected Areas Project (LIL) , October 25, 1999 Bolivia - Abapo-Camiri Highway Project: Project Appraisal Document, April 1999 Bolivia - Abapo-Camiri Highway Project: Project Information Document, March 1998 Bolivia - Indigenous Peoples Development Project (LIL), Project Information Document , December 18, 2000 ... Terms and Conditions.

37. World Bank Group | Indigenous Peoples | Indigenous Poverty Poverty in indigenous populations in panama a study using LSMS data Document Type seeksto conduct a more indepth study of indigenous people poverty using http://lnweb18.worldbank.org/ESSD/sdvext.nsf/63ByDocName/TopicsIndigenousPoverty

Contact Us Help/FAQ Index Search ... Topics Search Home Dev Topics Social Development Indigenous Peoples ... Topics Indigenous Poverty About Us Events Policies Projects ... Contact Us Site Resources Ask Us Print-Friendly Page Adobe PDF Reader Email this Page Topic Links Indigenous People and Poverty in Latin America, Human Capital Working Paper No. 12734, February 28, 1994 Indigenous Peoples and Poverty in Latin America: An Empirical Analysis, September 30, 1994 Poverty in indigenous populations in Panama : a study using LSMS data, January 2000 Indigenous Poverty Indigenous Peoples and Poverty in Latin America: An Empirical Analysis, Patrinos, Harry A and Psacharopoulos, George, The World Bank, September 1994 This report is the result of an economic analysis of the socioeconomic conditions of Latin America's indigenous populations. The objective of the study is to assist in the design of poverty alleviation activities. It confirms that the incidence of poverty is very high among indigenous people in Bolivia, Guatemala, Mexico, Peru, the countries studied. Poverty among the indigenous in Latin America is severe. Living conditions are abysmal and health problems are serious. Education levels are lower, and labor force participation is higher. The study suggests that more extensive knowledge about the indigenous population and more of their involvement can aid in the design and implementation of development projects. This report seeks to conduct a more in-depth study of indigenous people poverty using language indicators of ethnic origin rather than geographic criteria. The objective is to analyze the living conditions of the main indigenous people groups, both within and outside the official census demarcations of indigenous people areas. These include the Ngobe-Bugle, the Kuna, and the Embera-Wounan. The study seeks to paint a portrait of indigenous people poverty and to examine the various assets of the indigenous people, including labor, human capital, physical assets, financial assets, and social capital. The determinants of indigenous people poverty are also analyzed using multi-variate regression techniques.

38. IISD Youth Source Book On Sustainable Development 31 PO Box 536 panama 1 Republica de panama Tel +50769-6525 The organization servesas a legal adviser to indigenous peoples and several environmental NGOs. http://www.iisd.org/youth/ysbk146.htm

[previous] [next] [Table of Contents] DIRECTORY INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ORGANIZATIONS Assembly of First Nations 55 Murray Street, Suite 500 Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1N 5M3 Tel: +1-613-236-0673 Fax: +1-613-238-5780 Composed of representatives of first nations, their objectives are to share information, develop strategies to address national and regional government policy initiatives as they affect First Nation peoples. CISA Consejo Indio de Sud America Indian Council of South America Apartado Postal 2054 Lima 100 Peru Tel/Fax: +51-14-236-955 CISA was founded in 1980 as an organization for indigenous peoples organizations from South America. CISA's objectives are oriented to reach the recognition and respect for the right to live, justice, development and peace of the indigenous people at the United Nations and National Governments. CISA promotes knowledge and traditional practices on the use, conservation, preservation and sustainable development of natural resources. Confederacion De Nacionalidades Amazonicas Del Peru (CONAP) Brigadier Pumucahua No. 974 Jesus Maria, Lima, Peru

39. Mapping The Darien In Panama total land surface of 16,803 km, is the largest province in panama, the most Sadly,this colonial ignorance of indigenous peoples has persisted into the present http://www.smithsonianeducation.org/scitech/impacto/graphic/panama/article_1.htm

Mapping the Darien in Panama The Pan-American Highway The Darien region, with a total land surface of 16,803 km, is the largest province in Panama, the most sparsely populated, and the least well known. It is a region of dense tropical rainforest. Its indigenous population of Embera, Wounaan, and Kuna live in settlements scattered along the numerous river valleys. Until 20 years ago, there were no roads in the Darien; now there is a gravel highway cutting through its center down as far as the town of Yaviza, 100 km short of the Colombian border. This 100 km stretch is the only uncompleted piece of the Pan-American Highway, which connects overland commerce between North and South America. While most of the traditional inhabitants of the Darien travel by river, the highway has opened up the region to loggers, cattle ranchers, and landless peasants from the overcrowded interior provinces. This influx of population is threatening both the indigenous people and the natural forest. Since the time of the Spanish conquest, those of European descent have called these lands "empty quarters," as if they had no inhabitants. Sadly, this colonial ignorance of indigenous peoples has persisted into the present. Indian lands considered vacant are

40. Defending Indigenous Cultures Against Globalization The First Millennium Conference of indigenous peoples has been organized by panama sNapguana ( core of the earth , in the Kuna language) Association, and http://www.commondreams.org/headlines01/0509-03.htm

Home Newswire About Us Donate ... Archives Headlines Printer Friendly Version E-Mail This Article Published on Wednesday, May 9, 2001 by the Inter Press Service Defending Indigenous Cultures against Globalization by Kintto Lucas PANAMA CITY, May 8 - Indigenous leaders from around the world are gathered this week in the Panamanian capital, where they have launched a global appeal to defend their traditions against the imposition of mass culture they contend is inherent in the globalization process. Delegates to the First Millennium Conference of Indigenous Peoples discussed in the Monday plenary session the progress their communities have made in development since 1994, the year marking the start of the International Decade of the World's Indigenous Peoples, declared by the United Nations. The approximately 200 native leaders also deliberated the creation of a Permanent Forum on Indigenous Peoples within the UN system, as well as the economic and cultural impacts of globalization in their communities, and mechanisms to ensure respect for indigenous rights. Tuesday saw the reinforcement of the common stance the world's native peoples will take at the UN World Conference against Racism and Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance, to take place this September in Durban, South Africa.

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