41. 2001 Chautauqua Program managed teams on activities that involve guided discovery oriented cooperative learning activities, and currently is Mathematics, Teacher Education collaborative) grant and serves http://www.chautauqua.pitt.edu/coursedescriptions2001.htm

HOME OVERVIEW Eligibility CEU Credits ... CONTACT INFORMATION BROCHURE IN PDF FORMAT Brochure Cover General Information Course List Course Descriptions ... Return to Top CHAUTAUQUA SHORT COURSES FOR COLLEGE TEACHERS 2001 Faculty Development Program Conducted by: The University of Pittsburgh , the Council of Chautauqua Field Center Directors and the Regional Centers; supported by the National Science Foundation Division of Undergraduate Education. 2001 Course Descriptions Course: 1 Teaching Creative Thinking to Enhance Critical Thinking SIDNEY J. PARNES, Buffalo StateCollege June 7-9, 2001 in Memphis, TN Apply: CBU Undergraduate students who will become professional physical or social scientists, engineers, mathematicians or teachers must learn how to actualize goals, visions and dreams into reality. In this short course, instructors of these students learn and practice strategies to train their students to do this by using creative and critical thinking skills. Participants will be guided in preparing plans for helping students attain a creative outlook as they develop and use more of their thinking abilities. The course focuses on opportunity-making with respect to wishes and desires of individuals, their organizations, and the society in which they live. It helps participants uncover productive new ways to view, define and approach challenges, desires, or dilemmas in order to achieve effective implementable resolutions. Too often a problem solver examines what exists and chooses the least of available evils without much satisfaction. Ultimately the Osborn/Parnes model results in creative decision- making in which one speculates on what might be, then chooses and develops the best alternative with satisfaction.

42. The State Of Kerala In India Has Long Been Acclaimed Universally For Its Unique appropriate foreign technology/service providers, fostering collaborative activitiesbetween Indian and complex of Salim Ali Centre for ornithology Natural http://www.keralaenergy.org/act-ind.htm

The State of Kerala in India has long been acclaimed universally for its unique development profile, characterised by achievements in the fields of literacy, education and health care, inspite of a low level of per capita income. But, the "Kerala Model" development has still to grapple with issues like rejuvenation of industries from slow pace of progress and those related to sustainable development, among others. Government of Kerala has also formulated a new industrial policy so as to make the State investment friendly and to ensure a nine percent average annual industrial growth. In the process of promoting integrated sustainable development, the Centre also concentrate on serious empirical research on industrial energy demand/consumption aspects. Two such programmes presently in progress are: While housekeeping measures and energy conservation efforts to a certain extent reduce energy consumption, there is no better approach than achieving energy efficiency through pre-implementation design efforts. EMC by way of conducting energy efficiency studies identifies integrated energy efficient design systems for existing industries to reduce total energy costs. For new industrial projects coming up in the State, EMC provide cost-effective, energy efficient and environmentally sound technologies specific to the end-use application. Necessary support systems for providing integrated energy services, include a good data base on energy efficient technology and process systems and equipments.

43. Examples Of Online Projects On The AE Web Site by the Cornell University Lab of ornithology, and is aimed at lower grades, but someactivities would work use the Internet as a collaborative, interactive tool http://www.accessexcellence.org/21st/TE/AO/examples.html

Some Online Projects coordinated by large organizations and universities Allele Project Sponsored by TAFE, an adult education organization in Australia, this project surveys the frequency of one trait each year. Last year it was mid-digital hair. Boreal Forest Watch A collaboration of Canandian classrooms (Manitoba and Saskachewan) to study the boreal ecosystem and atmosphere. Cold Spring Harbor Student Allele Database allows students to share PCR data on their own DNA (alu inserts in the TPA-35 gene) and perform statistical tests comparing it with data collected in other human populations. Schools and districts may become members of the program for a cost. Teachers attend a workshop ($250) and places are limited. Cornell Lab of Ornithology - Citizen Science Pigeon Watch Students test hypotheses about the evolution of plummage colors by surveying the frequencies of 7 plummage types in local pigeon flocks. Observations of the courstship behavior of the pigeons investigate sexual selection. The data is processed by the Cornell University Lab of Ornithology, and is disseminated to participating classes. A summary may be read online. Materials cost $15. Feeder Watch Participants record the species visiting their feeders to monitor the health of natural populations. Materials cost $15.

44. National Museums Of Kenya Other reference collections include Mammalogy, ornithology, Herpetology Ichthyology programmesas well as collaboration projects and a wide range of activities. http://www.museums.or.ke/dg.html

Gallery Related Activities Museums Sites/Monuments ... Home Message from the Director Exhibitions Visitor Information Tourist Information Institute of Primate Research ... Resources for Researchers services Contact us Message from the Director-General Welcome to the National Museum of Kenya (NMK) Website! The NMK is a quasi-government institution established by the National Museums Act (Cap 216) of the Laws of the Republic of Kenya. NMK has further legislative authority under the Antiquities and Monuments Act (Cap 215). NMK is a multi-disciplinary institution whose mission is to collect, preserve, study, document and present Kenya’s past and present cultural and national heritage. The objectives are to enhance knowledge, appreciation, respect and sustainable utilization of these resources for the benefit of Kenya and the world, for now and posterity. The Research and Scientific Affairs Division undertakes collection management and documentation of scientific, culture and historic interest. The collections are identified, preserved and stored in laboratories as national/international repository and reference materials. For example the East African Herbarium has over 1 million plant specimens while Invertebrate Zoology keeps 2 million specimens. Other reference collections include Mammalogy, Ornithology, Herpetology Ichthyology, Ethnography, Molecular Genetics, Phytochemistry, Palynology and KENRIK. The Institute of Primate Research is a World Health Organization collaboration centre that is mandated to conduct Biomedical Research conservation and ecology and laboratory animal welfare using non-human primates. NMK is even more reputed, the world over, for its prehistory collections especially so, in the field of paleontology where the search for human origins has yielded some remarkable findings and a famous collection of hominid and other fossils.

45. ENC Online: ENC Features: Lessons & Activities: Science Topics: Observation between the Cornell Lab of ornithology and the The site was developed through thecollaborative effort of see ENC Record.); Student activities in meteorology http://www.enc.org/features/lessonplans/science/0,1578,1-Observation,00.shtm

Skip Navigation You Are Here ENC Home ENC Features Science Topics Search the Site More Options Classroom Calendar Digital Dozen ENC Focus ... Ask ENC Explore online lesson plans, student activities, and teacher learning tools. Find detailed information about thousands of materials for K-12 math and science. Read articles about inquiry, equity, and other key topics for educators and parents. Create your learning plan, read the standards, and find tips for getting grants. Science Topics Use science topic words to find web sites with lesson plans and activities. Observation BioInteractive virtual labs ENC Digital Dozen Site Date: Grade(s): Cost: Free ENC#: This web site, produced by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, contains interactive virtual laboratory exercises that demonstrate biomedical skills and procedures. Available exercises include Bacterial Identification, Cardiology, Neurophysiology, and Immunology. (For more details, see ENC Record PathFinder science Featured in ENC Focus ENC Digital Dozen Site Date: Grade(s): Cost: Free ENC#: This Internet site is a portal to all the research projects from the PathFinder Science Collaborative Research program. The program is founded on the national standards and benchmarks that call for students to better understand the process of science by actually doing science.

46. ENC Online: ENC Features: Lessons & Activities: Science Topics: Process Skills site contains interactive games and activities that explore the Cornell Lab of Ornithologyand the part of the Pathfinder Science collaborative Research program http://www.enc.org/features/lessonplans/science/0,1578,1-Process skills,00.shtm

Skip Navigation You Are Here ENC Home ENC Features Science Topics Search the Site More Options Classroom Calendar Digital Dozen ENC Focus ... Ask ENC Explore online lesson plans, student activities, and teacher learning tools. Find detailed information about thousands of materials for K-12 math and science. Read articles about inquiry, equity, and other key topics for educators and parents. Create your learning plan, read the standards, and find tips for getting grants. Science Topics Use science topic words to find web sites with lesson plans and activities. Process skills Musical plates: a study of earthquakes and plate tectonics ENC Digital Dozen Site Date: Grade(s): Cost: Free ENC#: This web site contains lessons, written for grades 5-12, that allow students to manipulate real-time data while discovering the concepts behind earthquakes, volcanoes, and plate tectonics. Lesson topics include plotting world earthquake data, looking for patterns in the data, predicting plate motions, and plotting the relationship between earthquakes and volcanoes. (For more details, see

47. UC Field Facilities Centre - Kaikoura Research Lab Activities Research activities 2002. ornithology and Behaviour. David Schiel expanded his FRSTPGSFcollaborative work with NIWA scientists Drs Craig Stevens and Murray http://www.ffc.canterbury.ac.nz/Kaikoura/rlabact2002.htm

Cass Field Station Kaikoura Field Station Hari Hari Field Station Westport Field Station Associated Links Kaikoura Field Station History Teaching Laboratory Research Laboratory ... Resources People Publications "Endeavour" (replica) as seen from the Kaikoura Research Laboratory George Knox Research Laboratory Research Activities 2002 Marine Ecology Research Group Marine Mammal Research Group Ornithology and Behaviour Crustacean Biology ... Geography Visiting Researchers Evolution Geology Marine Ecology Fish Biology Marine Ecology Research Group The Marine Ecology Research Group had a busy and successful year. This year (2002) was a year of consolidation of projects, new initiatives to lead into a comprehensive round of bidding for new grants as current funding comes to an end, and presentations of MERG work to the scientific community (both nationally and internationally). John Pirker completed his PhD (Demography, biomass production and harvesting of giant kelp ( Macrocystis pyrifera ) in southern New Zealand) and David Taylor submitted his PhD thesis (Habitat-forming intertidal algae across wave-exposures: an experimental evaluation of plant and herbivore interactions) and will have his oral examination in March 2003. Congratulations to both!

48. Education, American Museum Of Natural History AMNH), working in collaboration with schools and ichthyology, invertebrates, mammalogy,ornithology, or vertebrate Student activities In addition to their http://www.amnh.org/education/precollege.html

Precollege Science Collaborative for Urban Minority Youth The American Museum of Natural History offers the Precollege Science Collaborative for Urban Minority Youth (PSC) program to high school juniors. They will develop, conduct, and present a science research project with the guidance of a science mentor and the program's science educators. Eleventh grade minority students willing to commit to a two-year program of independent research are encouraged to apply. PSC Goal: The American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), working in collaboration with schools and other scientific institutions seeks to stimulate interest in scientific research and related careers among urban minority youth. Research Projects: Students will engage in a scientific research project. The topic areas may include, but are not limited to: anthropology, astronomy, entomology, herpetology, ichthyology, invertebrates, mammalogy, ornithology, or vertebrate paleontology. Recent PSC student graduates have investigated topics such as: Geochemistry of Garnets, Hybridization of Whiptail Lizards, Natural Stress Response in Electric Fish, Nutrition and Growth of Artemia salina, and the Social Behavior of the Japanese Monkey. Student Activities: In addition to their research work, students will participate in workshops on new scientific methods, report writing, public speaking seminars, scientific instrument and computer instruction. Students may also be involved in college preparation programs, conferences, outreach activities, field trips and family events.

49. Birds Of The Great Lakes Region Wisconsin Society for ornithology Features hotline reports a variety of monitoringactivities and more. BirdCast A collaborative effort that enables anyone to http://www.great-lakes.net/envt/flora-fauna/wildlife/bird.html

Air and Land Air Quality Coastal Zone Ecosystem Management Habitat ... Wetlands Water Levels and Hydrology Quality Rivers and Lakes Quantity and Use ... Watersheds Flora and Fauna Biodiversity Endangered Species Forests Invasive Species ... Wildlife Pollution Air Toxics Areas of Concern Human Health Pollution Prevention ... Toxic Contamination References Environmental Justice Laws and Policy Sanctuaries and Reserves Research ... Weather and Climate Lake Conditions Lake Erie Lake Huron Lake Michigan Lake Ontario ... Lake Superior Also: Lake St. Clair Birds of the Great Lakes Region What's New General Resources Birding Surveys and Sitings ... Mammals What's New Ohio eagle population soars The Akron Beacon Journal (6/9) It has been another record year in Ohio for bald eagle chicks, despite spring storms that toppled seven nests. Aggressive and messy, gulls are the new urban menace Milwaukee Journal Sentinel (6/8) Like something out of a Hitchcock movie, gulls are everywhere - and so are their droppings. Anglers competing with cormorants Great Lakes Radio Consortium (6/7) The cormorant population is booming in the Great Lakes region, but some anglers say there's too many of the birds eating too many fish.

50. Funding ICT In The Heritage Sector: Social And Organisational Context Trust and the British Trust for ornithology). the cornerstone of content creationactivities. collaboration is productive collaborative agendas, collaborative http://www.hatii.arts.gla.ac.uk/research/HLFICT/socorcon.html

Social and Organisational Context Principles of Public Access Heritage information is a social and economic good which brings benefits to the public. These benefits come: from public access to the information itself; as a result of the use of this information to provide the public with access to better managed and interpreted natural and cultural heritage; or because the information can be used to conserve or preserve aspects of the heritage which would otherwise be lost. Organisations such as English Nature, English Heritage, the Museums and Galleries Commission, and the Library Association have demonstrated through their work the benefits of sharing information. In many areas, such as archaeology and biological survey and record, the ability to interrelate information from a variety of resources provides further benefits to management and understanding. Interrelating such data can help the general public to contextualise aspects of the heritage. Access from home and school (see ¶s 3.4-3.6) to heritage information resources and assets would make this possible. Frameworks for public access outside the home are in the planning stages (e.g. public libraries initiatives). They should, if they go ahead, ameliorate some of the inequities of access. Where access to data may put the heritage at risk, these data should not necessarily be freely accessible.

51. Center For  Advanced Studies  In Ecology And Biodiversity Developpement (IRD) to plan potential exchange activities. To continue collaborativework on unpolluted forest chosen for eminence in ornithology. 02 October http://www.bio.puc.cl/caseb/casebactivities01.htm

Home Center for Advanced Studies in Ecol Academic activities conducted or sponsored by The Center for Advanced Studies in Ecology Biodiversity (CASEB) International visitors and lectures at CASEB, 2002 1. Lecture: "Tree killers: dynamics of the agressive bark beetles.” Auditorium P3, Portugal 61, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. CASEB guest: Dr. Alan A. Berryman, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA. Dr. Berryman is a guest of CASEB Program 2 (Jaksic, Lima & Palma). 13 March 2002. 2. Lecture: "Ecosystem engineering and biodiversity: How species create habitat for others." Auditorium Abate Molina, Portugal 35, P. Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. CASEB guest: Dr. Clive G. Jones, Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA. Dr. Jones is a guest of CASEB Program 3 (Armesto & Perez). 14 March 2002. 3. Lecture: "Population dynamics of cod along the Norwegian Skagerrak coast: a review of an approach to finding the underlying population model and some recent results" Auditorium Abate Molina, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. CASEB guest: Dr. Nils Christian Stenseth, Division of Zoology, Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Norway. Dr. Stenseth is a guest of CASEB Program 2 (Jaksic, Lima & Palma). 9 July 2002.

52. CCCU/PewGSIActReport9/96-2.html river ecology, community creek cleanup activities are planned MCCALL Ornithologycourse Development and Research to support collaborative curricula development http://cesc.montreat.edu/GSI/GSI-Conf/Activity_Reports/Montreat.html

Coalition for Christian Colleges and Universities Global Stewardship Initiative Campus Activity Report (1995-1996) Montreat College Mark T. Lassiter, PhD Associate Professor of Environmental Studies Director of the Christian Environmental Studies Center @ Montreat College mlassiter@montreat.edu Goal of Report: This report is prepared to summarize the activities on our campus that have resulted from the selection to participate in this grant awarded to the Coalition for Christian Colleges and Universities through the Pew Foundation's Global Stewardship Initiative. Montreat College's selection to participate in this grant effort coincided very effectively with the initiation of our Christian Environmental Studies Center (CESC @ MC). This center's directives are to establish collaborative efforts between Christian Environmental Organizations, academic programming, and the Christian Community. The supportive efforts of the CCCU / Pew GSI grant and the developments in the CESC @ MC both will be reflected in this report since these developments were very significantly linked. Global Stewardship Task Force: The formation of a campus Global Stewardship Task Force (GSTF) was requested immediately upon selection to participate in this grant. Those individuals that contributed to the grant development and the team consulted in the discussions of the CESC @ MC were designated as the GSTF. Thus, the GSTF was established on campus to both administrate the activities of the Global Stewardship Initiative and review the developments of the Christian Environmental Studies Center @ Montreat College.

53. CENYC: Events Calender project of the Cornell Lab of ornithology and the after school programs, Earth Dayactivities, homeschoolers, etc At the NYU Wallerstein collaborative for Urban http://www.cenyc.org/HTMLOTHR/events.htm

NYC ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN March/April 2004 PLACE SETTINGS . . . Friday, March 5 - Sunday, March 7, GUIDING LIGHT . . . With poor Martha otherwise occupied, the garden doyenne (or doyen) slot feels uncomfortably vacant. If you like the mental image of yourself speaking in soothing tones of Hemerocallis to a rapt group while posed in front of a stand of Tagetes erecta then step right up. Wave Hill is looking for applicants to fill its highly coveted Garden Guide volunteer positions. Candidates should possess familiarity with botanical names, a passion for gardening and a desire to share that knowledge and enthusiasm with others. Training requires that guides attend three orientation sessions beginning March 18, participate in monthly meetings and conduct a minimum of ten tours per year. To schedule an interview or for more information, contact Liz Sharp at Wave Hill (located in the Bronx) at (718) 549-3200 ext 227 or lizs@wavehill.org. BUILDING BLOCKS . . .

54. Penn GSE : Faculty & Research Our collaboration this year has yielded several positive Related activities at theAcademy of Natural Sciences. ornithology Behind the Scenes Tuesday, April 15 http://www.gse.upenn.edu/penn-merck/news97.php

Penn-Merck Spring '97 Newsletter Penn-Merck Collaborative Spring '97 Newsletter Contents Message from Jane: "Penn-Merck Meets USI" Silkworms Across the Curriculum Sine of the Times Academy of Natural Sciences Activities and Events John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge Events The Penn-Merck News Return to the Penn-Merck Homepage - Message from Jane - Penn-Merck Meets the USI Our region is a veritable hotbed of activity when it comes to science education! Penn-Merck is joined in its efforts by many universities, museums, private agencies and professional organizations all dedicated to supporting the teaching of science in Philadelphia's public schools. Oversight for these diverse efforts is provided by the Urban Systemic Initiative (USI), part of the School District of Philadelphia's Children Achieving agenda. While Penn-Merck has been aware of USI activities since we began in 1994, and both programs are funded by the National Science Foundation, our work has recently evolved into a fully-fledged partnership. As you are certainly aware, it has been a year of many changes in science education in our district: new standards, increased emphasis on assessment and a shift away from the widely-used Museum-to-Go kits. To guide these developments and coordinate our response, Penn-Merck, School District and Franklin Institute Science Museum staff have been meeting regularly since the Fall. Outcomes of these meetings include preliminary recommendations concerning appropriate materials, staff development opportunities and guidelines for school-based planning.

55. Ithaca Times Museum of the Earth, Lab of ornithology, and the and excitement on indoor activitiesconcerts, lectures, the kinds of collaborative presentations that http://www.zwire.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=10763794&BRD=1395&PAG=461&dept_id=5116

56. Links Page - Spring Into Life The Cornell Laboratory of ornithology brings you an site that includes interactiveactivities, lesson ideas and a collaborative projecton hummingbirds. http://www.northcanton.sparcc.org/~ptk1nc/spring2002/links.htm

Animals Animal Studies Unit - Hotlist of websites from Greentown Elementary School in North Canton, Ohio with lots of neat places on the Internet to learn about animals, habitats, and food chains. Baby Animals Storybook - A wonderful online storybook for young children by Lillian M. Parker. This gentle Springtime story is a delight! Bees Honey.com - Here are honey bee facts, trivia, history and games for kids! Birds The Great Backyard Bird Count Bird Identification Guide - The Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology brings you an identification guide full of images, sounds, and text that will help you better identify birds. National Audubon Society State Chapters - Find your state on this list and follow the links! Operation Ruby Throat - Here is a wonderful site that includes interactive activities, lesson ideas and a collaborative projecton hummingbirds. Bunnies House Rabbit Network - Here is a wonderful site Specializing in Rabbit Education and Adoption in Massachusetts, New Hampshire and Connecticut.

57. Intercom - Confer Presents And Hosts Activities and hosted part of the activities at the Warblers. This paper is a collaborativestudy among molecular DNA analysts at Cornell s Laboratory of ornithology. http://www.ithaca.edu/intercom/article.php?story=20040428111851416

58. Bangalore Office Forum was envisioned as a collaborative effort uniting at the Salim Ali Centre forOrnithology and Natural Western Ghats Forum and its activities, please visit http://www.atree.org/atree-4.htm

Vol 1:4 For private circulation only November 2003 Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment www.atree.org Branches@ ATREE A Bimonthly Newsletter Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment Bangalore Office 659 5th A Main, Hebbal Bangalore 560 024 Tel: 080-353 3942, 353 0069 Fax: 353 0070 Delhi Office B-80 Shivalik New Delhi 110 017 Tel/Fax: 011-266 93299 Eastern Himalayas Office Bungalow No.2, Bhujiapani Bagdogra 734 422 Tel/Fax:0353-255 1110 Advisory Board Dr. Kanchan Chopra Dr. Anil K. Gupta Dr. R.A. Mashelkar Dr. Jagmohan Maini Dr. Peter Raven Executive Board Dr. K.S. Bawa Dr. K.N. Ganeshaiah Dr. S.N. Rai Dr. R. Shailaja Dr. R. Uma Shaanker Mr. Darshan Shankar Dr. Gladwin Joseph (ex-officio) Executive Staff Dr. Gladwin Joseph

59. Colorado Partners In Flight the standard reference to Colorado ornithology, and is available to implement activitieson any Objective Develop collaborative efforts (potential partners http://www.rmbo.org/pif/bcp/overview/overview.htm

Land Bird Conservation Plan Colorado Executive Summary Overview of Colorado Physiographic Region 36 Physiographic Region 62 ... Appendices Overview of Colorado Background Colorado is a land of contrasts, a place where rolling grasslands of the Great Plains in the east abruptly give way to a backbone of rugged mountains, which in turn give way to plateaus and canyons in the west. A day's drive can take travelers from semidesert all the way up to alpine tundra. Elevations range from a low of about 975 m (3,200 ft) in Prowers County on the eastern plains, to 4400 m (14,433 ft) on Mt. Elbert, near Leadville. Major rivers include the Yampa, White, Colorado, Gunnison, and Dolores in the west, and the North Platte, South Platte, Cache la Poudre, Arkansas, Arikaree, Republican, Big Sandy, Purgatoire, and Rio Grande in the east. Much of the prairie lands in the east are privately owned, and most of the mountainous western lands are federally owned. Physiographic Areas Partners in Flight physiographic areas found in Colorado include the Central Shortgrass Prairie (PA36), Southern Rocky Mountains (PA62), Colorado Plateau (PA87), and Wyoming Basin (PA86). Based on the percentage of the physiographic area within the state boundary, Colorado has the state lead for bird conservation planning in the Central Shortgrass Prairie and Southern Rocky Mountains physiographic areas, but will share responsibility for the Colorado Plateau Physiographic Area with New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah, and will defer responsibility for the Wyoming Basin Physiographic Area to Wyoming. Physiographic areas are discussed in detail later in the plan. Maps of Colorado's physiographic areas are included in Appendix C.

60. India 5-year Final Report,Division Of International Conservation--U.S. Fish And SACON Salim Ali Centre for ornithology and Natural had been interacting with the Instituteactivities on an The proposal for this collaborative effort largely http://international.fws.gov/countries/idfnlrpt.html

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, International Affairs PARTNERS IN CONSERVATION: The Wildlife Institute of India and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service An Indo-U.S. Collaboration, 1989-1994 A Final Report To The U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service September 1996 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Current conservation initiatives and programmes in India began in the early seventies with the promulgation of the Wildlife (Protection) Act in 1972 and the launching of Project Tiger in 1973. However, these early initiatives often suffered from a lack of competent scientific and managerial personnel and research information. The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) was created in 1982 in response to the country's need for a scientific foundation to its wildlife conservation efforts. The new institute was to operate training courses in wildlife management for foresters and conduct field research to help formulate priorities and guidelines for wildlife conservation. As wildlife science in India was still in its formative stages, the new institution was faced with a lack of trained personnel for recruitment to its faculty and the need to develop a curriculum for its teaching and training programmes. Toward this, the United Nations Development Programme/Food And Agriculture Organization (UNDP/FAO) helped WII get established during its earliest years. This was followed by a 5-year project called "Development of the Wildlife Institute of India" under the programs of the Indo-U.S. Sub-Commission on Science and Technology. The objectives of this were to train the WII faculty in modern research techniques, and provide equipment for use in wildlife training and research including advanced computer hardware and software.

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