61. CNN.com - Study Reveals Complex Orangutan Culture - Jan. 2, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/TECH/science/01/02/coolsc.orangutans/index.html

CNN Europe CNN Asia Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese On CNN TV Transcripts Headline News CNN International ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-Mail Services CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Study reveals complex orangutan culture By Marsha Walton CNN Orangutans using a stick to grab a bite Story Tools RELATED Leakey Foundation Science Magazine Gunung Palung Orangutan Project Dr. Cheryl Knott ... Harvard University Department of Anthropology FACT BOX Of about three dozen cultural behaviors observed, 10 involved specialized feeding techniques, including the use of tools. Among the most common: Kiss-squeak with leaves: Using leaves on mouth to amplify sound, then drop leaf. Kiss-squeak with hands: Using fists (like a trumpet) or flat hands on mouth to amplify sound. Play nests: Building nest for social play, not to rest Sun cover: Building cover on nest during bright sunshine Hide under nest: Seek shelter under nest for rain Scratch stick: Using detached stick to scratch body parts Autoerotic tool: Using tool for sexual stimulation Branch as swatter: Using detached leafy branches to ward off bees or wasps that are attacking Leaf gloves: Using leaf gloves to handle spiny fruits or spiny branch, or as seat cushions in trees with spines.

62. The Orangutan Pongo  Pygmaeus Pongo Pygmaeus. Did you know ..Orang utans share 96.4% of humangenes Once found throughout Southeast Asia, this species of http://www.orangutan-appeal.org.uk/orangutan.htm

Other Sections THE APPEAL BORNEO ADVENTURE ORANGUTANS SEPILOK ... HOME PAGE Pongo Pygmaeus Did you know... ...Orang utans share 96.4% of human genes... O nce found throughout Southeast Asia, this species of ape now survives only in small populations across the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. The Orang utan is the largest tree dwelling mammal. A dominant male ranges over a large territory mating with several females who give birth to a single offspring, weighting about 4 lbs every three to six years. The gestation period for the orang utan is 233 - 265 days. A mother spends years rearing the infant, and may have only two or three in a lifetime which undoubtedly adds to their diminishing numbers. The male orang utan grows to around 5ft tall and can weigh up to 200 pounds. Females however only reach half that size. Orang utans reach maturity at 7 - 10 years of age and can live in the wild up to 40 years old. The orang utan is almost completely arboreal (tree-dwelling), which is why it is found in the lowland forests of Borneo and Sumatra. They have no tails and therefore cannot jump. They navigate round the canopy by climbing and swinging from tree to tree. They are highly intelligent animals and possess great strength, their strong hands and feet, which can grip like hands, are supremely adapted to life in the trees. Using their long arms, which span between 7-8ft across, they gracefully swing through the forest canopy.

63. CNN.com - Malaysia Nature Havens Feeling The Pinch - February 10, 2002 CNN http://cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/02/10/malaysia.orangutan/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US/HELP CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe CNNenEspanol.com CNNArabic.com ... set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Arabic Japanese Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW InStyle Business 2.0 Malaysia nature havens feeling the pinch Fewer visitors for Sabah's orang-utans SANDAKAN, Malaysia (Reuters) Business has been slow for months for Khui Lin Lee, a tour guide who organizes trips to the orang-utan rehabilitation Centrex near Sandakan, a thriving coastal town in Malaysia's eastern state of Sabah on Borneo. The three little islands off Sandakan bay where visitors can organize day trips to see turtles coming ashore to lay eggs are also deserted. "Some hotels say foreign visitors only make up five percent of occupancy. You can only find two or three foreign guests at a single hotel," said Khui. "In the past, sometimes we didn't have enough guides. Sometimes taxis were not enough to carry tourists," she said. Sabah has not been spared from the impact of the September 11 attacks on the United States.

64. Www.theorangutan.com/ Fossil Jaw Grows orangutan Family Tree, Scientists Say believe a jawbone found by a Thai sandpit worker and dating to the Late Mioceneera seven to nine million years ago belongs to a new orangutan relative. http://www.theorangutan.com/

65. The Balikpapan Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) Reintroduction program for confiscated orangutans on the island of Borneo. News, information, and images. http://www.savetheorangutan.info/

Welcome to the site of The Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation (BOS) news latest news older news Willie's Corner archive about BOS what is BOS what we do Wanariset Nyaru Menteng orangutans threats processes some stories baby boom picture galleries humans our faces research Wanariset ORP background the rain forest year report 2000 finances how to help how to help membership sponsorship wishlist interact hyperlinks contact contact +++ stop the slaughter +++ stop the slaughter +++ stop the slaughter +++ stop the slaughter +++ stop the slaughter +++ Help us stop the slaughter Illegal logging activities force orangutans to move into smaller and fragmented forest areas where there might not be food enough for everybody. Some of them will move closer to human settlements and the large palm-oil concessions. They are starving and will take risks in order to find food. More often than not they end up being shot or hacked to death. +++ news +++ new +++ news +++ new +++ news +++ Nyaru Menteng, May 2004 Sending orangutans on airplanes always scares me. I check and recheck that they have remembered to put the cages in the front cargo room where there is oxygen supply and heating, then I check and recheck that the Captain is aware of live animals in the front cargo department so he remembers to put on the heat and the ventilation system. First newborn baby at Nyaru Menteng April 2004 Today, April 20, we can bring you the wonderful news that Mawar, a nine year old orangutan female that lives on the island Pulau Kaya, gave birth to a baby boy. They both seem to do fine.

66. Wild Orangutans: Extinct By 2023? at Harvard University. By some estimates, more than 80 percent ofall orangutan habitat has been destroyed. Although once found http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2003/09/0930_030930_orangutanthreat.html

Sign up for our free e-mail newsletter Also see: Today's Top Stories This Story Home E-mail this story Sponsored in part by Win a National Geographic photo workshop in Santa Fe Looking for the ideal gift for Dad or Grads? Send the gift of National Geographic for a special price of $19! Wild Orangutans: Extinct by 2023? Hillary Mayell for National Geographic News Updated March 9, 2004 "At the current rate of habitat destruction, orangutans could be extinct in the wild in ten to twenty years," said Cheryl Knott, an anthropologist at Harvard University. By some estimates, more than 80 percent of all orangutan habitat has been destroyed. Although once found throughout southeast Asia, orangutans today live only on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra, and their numbers have dwindled from perhaps several hundred thousand to between 15,000 to 24,000. The Indonesian State Ministry of Environment estimates that five to six million acres of forest every year are being lost to logging. Illegal logging, once more or less restricted to forests along riverbanks, has moved deeper into the core forest. In January of this year, loggers in Borneo moved into the once sacrosanct Gunung Palung National Park, home to 2,500 orangutans and a 20-year study site. Read the full Sporting dreadlocks from her birth three weeks earlier, an orangutan grips her mother's still enlarged belly in Borneo's Gunung Palung National Park. The two orangutans are part of a forest population under study by anthropologist Cheryl Knott at a site recently encroached on by logging.

67. Orangutans: WhoZoo orangutan FACTS. Name orangutan. Second in size only to the gorilla, the orangutanmale weighs 130220 lbs; whereas, the female is about 88-110 lbs. http://www.whozoo.org/students/chrngu/orangs.htm

Orangutans Malayan words "orang utan" mean "forest man" ORANGUTAN FACTS Name: Orangutan Scientific name: Pongo pygmaeus Range: Found on the Malaysian islands of Borneo and Sumatra in Southeast Asia; although range once extended into northwest India, China, Java, and Sulawesi. Habitat: Live in lowland and hilly tropical rain forest, including dipterocarp and peat-swamp forest. Their habitat is almost wholly arboreal (tree dwelling). Status: Endangered. Threatened by the destruction of its forest environment to make room for farms and villages, and to harvest lumber. Diet in the wild: Orangutans are omnivorous; they eat both plants and animals such as: fruit, leaves, flowers, bark, nuts, shoots, insects, bird eggs, and small mammals. Some may be seen eating soil, a source of minerals for many animals. Water is drunk from tree holes by dipping in a hand and sucking the water-drops that fall from its wrist. Diet in the zoo: Fruits such as apples, oranges, bananas, and kiwi, in addition to vegetables like carrots, yams, and romaine lettuce. Physical description: Second in size only to the gorilla, the orangutan male weighs 130-220 lbs; whereas, the female is about 88-110 lbs. Height, males are 4 to 5 ft and females 3 1/2 ft. Characterized by long, shaggy, reddish-brown hair that can reach 20 inches. Bare face, with round eyes and small ears. Short, weak legs and long, powerful arms, curled fingers and feet, flexible shoulder and hip joints. Size usually determines the orangutan's sex since males are always much bigger. In addition, males develop large fleshy flaps (cheek pads) on faces, and large throat pouches. Males also possess pouches of pebbly skin on chest.

68. Arrests Over Orangutan Killings CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/08/27/malaysia.orangutans.reut/index

69. Lucky Duck S Orangutan Page orangutan. It s arms are so long that they reach the animal s ankles when it isstanding up. The orangutan can climb to the top of the highest tree. http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/3785/orangutan.html

Orangutan Length: 31 to 38 inches Height: 2 1/4 to 3 feet Weight: 88 to 200 pounds Number of Young: 1 Home: Sumatra and Borneo This large ape moves easily through the trees. It swings from branch to branch, thanks to its very long arms. It's arms are so long that they reach the animal's ankles when it is standing up. The orangutan can climb to the top of the highest tree. On the ground, it nearly always moves on all fours, unlike the chimpanzee, which usually walks on its hind legs. Although orangutans live a solitary life, an orangutan couple with their young can sometimes be seen together feeding on fruit, especially wild figs. Every evening, the orangutan makes a nest out of leaves. The nest looks like a soft platform and is often placed in a tall tree. To protect itself from rain and sun, the orangutan puts large leaves on its head. Someitmes it winds leaves completely around its head and neck. Orangutans are the most silent of all apes. They grunt and smack their lips once in awhile. Occasionally, an orangutan will make a sound similar to a lion's roar, which is thought to be a way to tell other apes of its group where it is. If it is disturbed by humans, it shakes branches and makes all the noise it can. Orangutans now live only in the tropical forests of Sumatra and Borneo, and they are becoming mor rare. In the past, they were found in China and Java. Illegal hunting and the capturing of these animals for zoos and circuses endangered their survival.

70. CNN - Indonesian Orangutans Cling To Shrinking Habitat - March 4, 1999 CNN http://www.cnn.com/NATURE/9903/04/indo.orangutan/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD ASIANOW U.S. ... news quiz CNN WEB SITES: TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW MORE SERVICES: video on demand video archive audio on demand news email services ... pagenet DISCUSSION: message boards chat feedback SITE GUIDES: help contents search FASTER ACCESS: europe japan WEB SERVICES: Indonesian orangutans cling to shrinking habitat JAKARTA, Indonesia (CNN) Life is a jungle everywhere in Indonesia these days. In the concrete jungle of the capital of Jakarta, riots and unrest during the past year have sometimes turned the streets into battle zones between anti-government protesters and troops. Meanwhile, in the forests of Borneo and Sumatra another battle is taking place, as environmentalists try to save endangered orangutans from the ravages of logging and fire. RELATED VIDEO CNN's Gary Strieker shows the orangutans in Indonesia Windows Media The problems of the orangutans are expected to increase amid Indonesia's growing economic and political crises. "If the people are in trouble, the forest and animals inside it are in trouble as well, so the economic crisis is also having a very heavy impact on the surviving orangutans," said Willie Smits of the Ministry of Forestry.

71. Gunung Palung Orangutan Project: Welcome to the home of the Gunung Palung orangutan Project. The GunungPalung orangutan Project has been generously supported by http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~gporang/

Welcome to the home of the Gunung Palung Orangutan Project. Please explore our pages to learn more about orangutans and their vanishing habitat. You will also find information about the many research and conservation projects of Dr. Cheryl Knott and her colleagues. You can find out how you can help our conservation efforts, read the latest posts from researchers in the field, and enjoy the stunning photographs of Tim Laman. New Additions: Photos of GP's orangutans New conservation pages with updates, photos Recent Interviews and Press Releases with Cheryl Knott Ask Dr. Knott a question see National Geographic's Field Dispatch: Borneo The Gunung Palung Orangutan Project has been generously supported by: Margot Marsh Biodiversity Fund, the Mellon Foundation, and the Conservation Food and Health Foundation. Local Support: Indonesian Institute for Sciences (LIPI) Center for Research in Development and Biology (PPPB) Universitas Tanjungpura (UNTAN) - Pontianak Directorate of Nature Conservation (PHKA) Gunung Palung National Park Office (UTN-GP) Web design by Melissa Emery Thompson.

72. Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Programme - Protection, Conservation, Sumatra, E The Sumatran orangutan Conservation Programme contributes actively to the conservationof the sumatran orangutan and its natural habitat, the tropical http://www.sumatranorangutan.com/

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73. Orangutans In Borneo 2000 Promotes a trip to Borneo in August 2000 with the orangutan Foundation UK. Contains details on orangutans and their background, geography, and plight. http://geocities.com/orangutans2000

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74. Orangutan orangutan. Click here to buy orangutan products! Of HABITS. The orangutanlives a solitary life in the treetops of the rainforest. With http://wonderclub.com/Wildlife/mammals/Orangutan.htm

World Wonders Atlas Wildlife Celebrities ... WonderClub.com ORANGUTAN Click here to buy orangutan products! Of the three great apes the orangutan, the chimpanzee, and the gorilla, the orangutan is the only one to live outside Africa. Hidden in the dense tropical rainforests which are its home, it is also unique among apes for being truly forest-dwelling. HABITS The orangutan lives a solitary life in the treetops of the rainforest. With the exception of adult males, orangutans rarely descend to the ground. The orangutan is a diurnal animal that is, active during daylight hours. At night, females and youngsters sleep in a nest of braches placed in the fork of a tree. Because males are heavier, they generally prefer to sleep on the ground. All orangutans sleep on their sides with their arms cushioning their heads. At daybreak, orangutans leave their nests and search for food. Orangutans are far less sociable than other apes and do not live in large social groups. Adults males are particularly solitary and stake out areas of forest which they defend as their own territories, fighting other males who intrude if necessary. Females occasionally group together loosely with their young. BREEDING A dominant male orangutan may have large breeding territory and mate with several females. Mating occurs year-round and females give birth to a single offspring every 3-6 years. A baby orangutan grows very slowly. It may become somewhat independent at 3 years of age, but it will stay with its mother until she gives birth again.

75. Orangutans Online News, links and articles on threats to orangutans and their habitat. http://www.orangutansonline.com/

76. Animal Bytes: Orangutan orangutan. Quick Facts. Photo Bytes. Class Mammalia endangered. Fun Facts• If you think orangutan arms look long, you’re right! Their http://www.sandiegozoo.org/animalbytes/t-orangutan.html

Search ORANGUTAN Quick Facts Photo Bytes Class: Mammalia (Mammals) Order: Primates Family: Pongidae Genus: Pongo Species: abelii (Sumatran) , pygmaeus (Bornean) Length: Weight: Life span: up to 59 years in zoos Gestation: about 8.5 months Number of young at birth: usually 1, sometimes 2 Size at birth: 3.3 to 4.5 pounds (1.5 to 2 kilograms) Age of maturity: Conservation status: Sumatran orang is at critical risk ; Bornean orang is endangered Fun Facts When they are about 15 years old, male orangs develop large cheek pads. Female orangs find these pads very attractive! For its first few weeks of life, a young orang holds tight to its mom’s belly as she swings through the forest in search of fruit. Then when it is older and better at balancing, it rides "piggyback" so it can see what’s going on. See Them San Diego Zoo You will find orangutans in their new home in the new Absolutely Apes exhibit.

77. Orangutans Of Sumatra Photographs of Sumatran orangutans and their habitat. http://www.nicklyon.btinternet.co.uk/subpages/aorangindex.htm

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78. ORANGUTAN  -- Kids' Planet -- Defenders Of Wildlife orangutan Pongo pygmaeus. THREATS The orangutan’s most serious threatis the destruction of forest habitat from excessive logging. http://www.kidsplanet.org/factsheets/oragutan.html

ORANGUTAN Pongo pygmaeus Defenders of Wildlife 1101 Fourteenth St. Suite 1400 Washington, DC Tel: 202-682-9400 Fax: 202-682-1331 STATUS: Endangered. DESCRIPTION: Orangutans have thin, shaggy, reddish-brown hair. They have long, powerful arms and strong hands that they can use to manipulate tools. Orangutans have the ability to make 13 to15 different types of vocalizations. SIZE: Most orangutans are four to five feet long, some can reach a length of six feet. Adult males weigh between 100 and 200 pounds and adult females weigh between 65 and 100 pounds. Orangutans have an arm spread of about five feet. POPULATION: An estimated 19,000 to 25,000 orangutans live in the wild. Another 900 live in captivity LIFESPAN: In the wild, orangutans live for about 35 to 40 years. RANGE: Orangutans are only found on the islands of Sumatra and Borneo in Southeast Asia. HABITAT: Orangutans are arboreal creatures, which means they spend most of their lives slowly walking, swinging and climbing through dense rain forests. FOOD: Orangutans feed mainly on fruits, especially wild figs. They also eat other kinds of vegetation, insects, small vertebrates and birds eggs.

79. BOS Deutschland E.V. Translate this page Die BOSF-Deutschland unterstützt das orangutan-AuswilderungsprojektWanariset auf Borneo zur Rettung der Orant Utans in Indonesien. http://www.bosf-deutschland.de/

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80. New Orleans ZooOrangutans Gallery, Learn, Equipment, Classifieds, Travel, ezShop, Community. New Orleans Zooorangutans.orangutan. Audubon Zoo. New Orleans, Louisiana. orangutan. Audubon Zoo. http://photo.net/summer94/new-orleans-zoo-orangutans.html

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