61. ADHD Symptoms, Treatment And Research – ADDitude Magazine oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and AD/HD. ODD is defined by aggressiveness and a tendency to purposefully bother and irritate others. http://www.additudemag.com/medical.asp?DEPT_NO=506&SUB_NO=2

62. FamilyFun: Oppositional Defiant Disorder An excerpt on oppositional defiant disorder from the Disney Encyclopedia of Baby and Child Care. Great oppositional defiant disorder. Most http://familyfun.go.com/parenting/child/health/childhealth/dony79enc_oppos/

Search FamilyFun Tools Parent Problem Solver Field Guide to Parenting Pregnancy Calendar ... Solutions A to Z Oppositional Defiant Disorder Most young children oppositional defiant disorder. This disorder typically appears during the grade school years, but it can begin as early as age three. It affects between 2 and 16 percent of children. The behavior problems that mark oppositional defiant disorder usually occur at home but also may appear at school. They may be a result of upsetting events in a child's life, or they may indicate a more serious behavior problem which will increase as the child gets older. WHAT CAUSES OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER? Defiant behavior is part of a normal and crucial development stage related to the child's attempt to establish self-determination and autonomy. A strong-willed child may run into problems if parents are overly controlling or exert authority arbitrarily. This may lead to a power struggle. The child's normal attempts at autonomy may develop into oppositional defiant disorder to guard against overdependence on the parents. Living with the spirited child Oppositional behavior can represent a misguided attempt to control the environment, not much different from infants' crying, which brings their parents' response. As they grow up, most children learn socially appropriate ways to get what they want. Some, however, learn only inappropriate methods, becoming demanding, defiant and difficult. Still, other children may display oppositional behavior as a result of feelings of inadequacy stemming from a physical disability or mental retardation.

63. Oppositional Defiant oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) All children are oppositional from time to time, particularly when tired, hungry, stressed or upset. http://www.crescentlife.com/disorders/oppositional_defiant.htm

home contents psychcorner family matters ... submit articles to CrescentLife ask the expert O ppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) All children are oppositional from time to time, particularly when tired, hungry, stressed or upset. They may argue, talk back, disobey, and defy parents, teachers, and other adults. Oppositional behavior is often a normal part of development for two to three year olds and early adolescents. However, openly uncooperative and hostile behavior becomes a serious concern when it is so frequent and consistent that it stands out when compared with other children of the same age and developmental level and when it affects the child's social, family, and academic life. In children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), there is an ongoing pattern of uncooperative, defiant, and hostile behavior toward authority figures that seriously interferes with the youngster's day to day functioning. Symptoms of ODD may include: frequent temper tantrums excessive arguing with adults active defiance and refusal to comply with adult requests and rules deliberate attempts to annoy or upset people blaming others for his or her mistakes or misbehavior often being touchy or easily annoyed by others frequent anger and resentment mean and hateful talking when upset seeking revenge The symptoms are usually seen in multiple settings, but may be more noticeable at home or at school. The causes of ODD are unknown, but many parents report that their child with ODD was more rigid and demanding than the child's siblings from an early age. Biological and environmental factors may have a role.

64. A To Z Encyclopedia Topic: Oppositional Defiant Disorder oppositional defiant disorder. What is oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)? Oppositional What causes oppositional defiant disorder? While http://web1.tch.harvard.edu/cfapps/A2ZtopicDisplay.cfm?Topic=Oppositional Defian

65. MFTSource Treatment: Oppositional Defiant Disorder MFTSource.com Treatment Resources on oppositional defiant disorder organizes resources to deal with this issue for mfts and related mental health professionals. http://www.mftsource.com/Treatment.oppdef.htm

Treatment Resources: Oppositional Defiant Disorder Diagnostic Information DSM IV - Oppositional Defiant - (Scoll down to view criteria) DSM IV Made Easy Website NPR Broadcast May 30, 2001 Crossing the Water: Working with Troubled Boys More states are prosecuting teenage boys as adults and sending them to adult jails. Are there other options for these difficult kids? Juan Williams talks with adults who have worked in special schools for boys in tough situations and with young men who've been through these schools. March 3, 1998 Juvenile Crime/Mental Health The vast majority of children in the juvenile justice system reportedly have some sort of mental or emotional problem. But most of those kids don't get the help they need ... the institutions are often overcrowded and offer inadequate counseling, substance abuse and suicide prevention programs. Selected Readings The Defiant Child : A Parent's Guide to Oppositional Defiant Disorder by Douglas A. Riley

66. Oppositional Defiant Disorder Definition - HealthyPlace.com oppositional defiant disorder definition, signs, symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder. advertisement. oppositional defiant disorder. http://www.healthyplace.com/communities/personality_disorders/site/oppositional_

Sites Life at the Border Malignant Self Love Pem/Pam WeRMany Events Healthyplace Radio Support Groups Information Bookstore Columns Conf. Transcripts Diaries/Journals ... Resources Support Lists Email ICQ Instant Messenger Community Wall Related Communities Abuse Depression Eating Disorders Parenting ... to a friend advertisement advertisement Oppositional Defiant Disorder A pattern of negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior lasting at least 6 months, during which four (or more) of the following are present: often loses temper often argues with adults often actively defies or refuses to comply with adults' requests or rules often deliberately annoys people often blames others for his or her mistakes or misbehavior is often touchy or easily annoyed by others is often angry and resentful is often spiteful or vindictive Note: Consider a criterion met only if the behavior occurs more frequently than is typically observed in individuals of comparable age and developmental level. The disturbance in behavior causes clinically significant impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning.

67. Oppositional Defiant Disorder MAIN SEARCH INDEX. oppositional defiant disorder. functioning. The course of oppositional defiant disorder varies among patients. In http://www.ehendrick.org/healthy/000987.htm

MAIN SEARCH INDEX Oppositional defiant disorder Definition Description Causes and symptoms Diagnosis ... Resources Definition Oppositional defiant disorder is a recurring pattern of negative, hostile, disobedient, and defiant behavior in a child or adolescent, lasting for at least six months without serious violation of the basic rights of others. Description The behavior disturbances cause clinically significant problems in social, school, or work functioning. The course of oppositional defiant disorder varies among patients. In males, the disorder is more common among those who had problem temperaments or high motor activity in the preschool years. During the school years, patients may have low self-esteem, changing moods, and a low frustration tolerance. Patients may swear and use alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs at an early age. There are often conflicts with parents, teachers, and peers. Children with this disorder show their negative and defiant behaviors by being persistently stubborn and resisting directions. They may be unwilling to compromise, give in, or negotiate with adults. Patients may deliberately or persistently test limits, ignore orders, argue, and fail to accept blame for misdeeds. Hostility is directed at adults or peers and is shown by verbal aggression or deliberately annoying others. Causes and symptoms Oppositional defiant disorder is more common in boys than girls and the disorder typically begins by age eight. Although the specific causes of the disorder are unknown, parents who are overly concerned with power and control may cause an eruption to occur. Symptoms often appear at home, but over time may appear in other settings as well. Usually the disorder occurs gradually over months or years. Several theories about the causes of oppositional defiant disorder are being investigated. Oppositional defiant disorder may be related to:

68. MedFriendly.com: Oppositional Defiant Disorder provides an easy to understand definition for the medical term, oppositional defiant disorder. TM, oppositional defiant disorder MedFriendly.com TM TM http://www.medfriendly.com/oppositionaldefiantdisorder.html

TM Oppositional defiant disorder MedFriendly.com TM TM A B C D ... How can I find more information on as oppositional defiant disorder treated? WHAT IS IT? Oppositional Defiant Disorder is a behavioral and emotional disorder of childhood or adolescence that is characterized by a repeated pattern of hostile, negative, and disobedient behavior towards authority figures without seriously violating the rules of society or the rights of others. Adolescence is a period of life ranging from puberty to adulthood. Puberty is the period of life in which the ability to reproduce begins, which usually begins between the ages of 11 and 13. See below for specific criteria necessary for the diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder. HOW IS OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER DIAGNOSED? To diagnose Oppositional Defiant Disorder, a pattern of hostile, negative, and disobedient behavior must last 6 months, during which at least 4 of the following symptoms are present: 1) A frequent loss of temper. 2) Frequently arguing with adults. 3) Frequently being angry and resentful.

69. Oppositional Defiant Disorder - Online Diagnosis. New Treatments, March 2, 2004 Online Diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder based on the patient s symptoms. oppositional defiant disorder Online Diagnosis. http://www.medical-library.org/journals/mddx/oppositional_disorder/1_oppositiona

Online Medical Diagnosis The National Medical Society Oppositional Defiant Disorder - Online Diagnosis Online Diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder based on the patient's symptoms. New Treatments, March 2, 2004. For how many months or years have the defiant symptoms been present? Does the patient lose his temper more frequently than is typical of individuals of comparable age Yes No Does the patient argue with adults more frequently than is typical of individuals of comparable age Yes No Does the patient actively defy or refuse to comply with adults' requests or rules more frequently than is typical of individuals of comparable age Yes No Is the patient "touchy" or easily annoyed by others more frequently than is typical of individuals of comparable age? Yes No Is the patient angry and resentful more frequently than is typical of individuals of comparable age? Yes No Is the patient spiteful more frequently than is typical of individuals of comparable age? Yes No Judith Harper, MD

70. Oppositional Defiant Disorder - New Treatments, March 2, 2004 oppositional defiant disorder. DEFINITION. HISTORY. T he signs of oppositional defiant disorder tend to cluster with mild physical aggression. EPIDEMIOLOGY. http://www.medical-library.org/journals2a/oppositional_defiant.htm

Click here to view next page of this article OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER DEFINITION Oppositional defiant disorder is defined as an enduring pattern of uncooperative, defiant, and hostile behavior toward authority figures that does not involve major antisocial violations, is not accounted for by the child's developmental stage, and results in significant functional impairment. A certain level of oppositional behavior is common in children and adolescents, and it is almost expected when the process of individuation and separation. It should be considered a disorder only when the behaviors are more frequent and intense than in unaffected peers and when they cause dysfunction in social, academic, or work-related oppositional defiant disorder, oppositional disorder. DSM-IV classification requires the presence of at least four criteria out of a list of eight . No age limits are set, but the disorder typically emerges in childhood. HISTORY T he signs of oppositional defiant disorder tend to cluster with mild physical aggression. EPIDEMIOLOGY In cross-sectional studies conducted in the general population, the prevalence of oppositional defiant disorder varies from 1.7 to 9.9, with a weighted average of 5.7 percent. The rate is higher in boys.

71. Keep Kids Healthy: Oppositional Defiant Disorder a discussion of oppositional defiant disorder in adolescent children, defiant, loses temper, aregues, misbehavior, treatment. oppositional defiant disorder. http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/adolescent/adolescentproblems/odd.html

Bookstore Site Map Contact Us Help ... What's New? Search this site: Advanced Search Main Menu Useful Tools Index of Topics Pediatric Problems New! Parenting Tips Adolescent Problems Teenage Development Adolescent Safety ... Medicine Cabinet Online Resources What's New Reviews New! Growth Charts Online Forums Vaccine Schedule Baby Names Guide ... Product Recalls Newsletters: Subscribe to get free news, tips and updates. Recommend Us tell a friend about us or email this page to a friend Main Adolescent Adolescent Problems Oppositional Defiant Disorder Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is one of the disruptive behavior disorders. Teenagers with ODD have major symptoms of defiant and hostile behavior. These include having at least four of the following behaviors for at least six months: often loses temper often argues with adults often actively defies or refuses to comply with adults' requests of rules often deliberately annoys people often blames others for his or her mistakes or misbehavior is often touchy or easily annoyed by others is often angry or resentful is often spiteful or vindictive If your child has many of these behaviors and it is leading to problems in the way that she functions at home, school or with friends, then you should seek professional help and treatment from your Pediatrician, a child psychologist or a child psychiatrist.

72. Bbc.co.uk Health - Ask The Doctor - Oppositional Defiant Disorder Ask the Doctor. Q oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). My son has had docnet.html. The definition of oppositional defiant disorder. ODD is http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/ask_doctor/odd.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index FRIDAY 11th June 2004 Text only BBC Homepage Health Home Lifestyle Home ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Ask the Doctor Q: Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) My son has had behavioural problems since he could breathe. I have been to various doctors, psychiatrists and psychologists without any luck. But I have not given up on him. I have searched the web for answers and feel that my son suffers with the conduct disorder of ODD, but where or how do I go about getting him the right help? I have heard that Ritalin could help him and that he would be better off in an EBD school, but I do not know where to start. Alyson Dr Trisha Macnair responds Your priority must be to get an accurate diagnosis made by an expert in child psychiatry. Until you have this there is no point thinking too much about treatment because you need to know what treatment is appropriate to his condition. If your son does have oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), he will need specialist psychiatric help and advice with regard to schooling. Treatment may include stimulant medication such as Ritalin, but this will depend on several factors such as the specific nature of his problem, the particular treatment approach taken by his specialists, and whether or not there is an element of attention deficit disorder (ADD and ODD often co-exist and it is usually the ADD element of the problem which responds to stimulants). Treatment also includes behavioural and other psychological therapies, non-stimulant medications and special diets.

73. SO WHAT? HE’LL GROW OUT OF IT.” OPPOSITIONAL DEFIANT DISORDER IN PRIMARY CARE- He’ll grow out of it.” oppositional defiant disorder in Primary Care. Prevalence of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) All levels of severity Severe, 17% 8%. http://www.childsdoc.org/spring2001/sowhat.asp

Home Departments Editorials Features Departments Information ... John V. Lavigne, PhD Chief Psychologist Children’s Memorial Hospital Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Illinois “So what? He’ll grow out of it.” Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Primary Care John V. Lavigne, PhD Everyone who has worked with or raised a young child knows about the “terrible twos.” This term refers to that set of behaviors associated with being two years old, in which the child becomes increasingly willful, stubborn, and demanding, with frequent temper tantrums as the all-too-common result. Of course, everyone also knows that the children all “grow out of it.” Indeed, the twos can be terrible, and few children’s bids to become more autonomous are completely trouble-free. But some children cross a line that separates the normal “terrible two” behavior from a rather more serious problem and develop a disorder known as oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV ) of the American Psychiatric Association (1994) defines ODD as a condition in which the child shows “a pattern of negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior lasting at least six months,” for which at least four of the following behaviors are present. The child:

74. Wordbank On The Mental Health Foundation Website oppositional defiant disorder. A pattern of negativistic, hostile, and defiant behavior lasting at least 6 months. oppositional defiant disorder. Oral stage. http://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/wordbank.cfm?wordid=591&wbletter=O

75. Oppositional Defiant Disorder oppositional defiant disorder, http://ww3.komotv.com/global/story.asp?s=1230349

76. HealthCentral.com oppositional defiant disorder. http://www.healthcentral.com/library/librarycontent.cfm?id=353

77. NewYork-Presbyterian Psychiatry: Health A To Z: Oppositional Defiant Disorder Health information about oppositional defiant disorder from NewYorkPresbyterian. Conduct Disorder. oppositional defiant disorder. Eating Disorders. http://wo-pub2.med.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/PublicA.woa/wa/viewHContent?co

78. NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital: Health A To Z: Oppositional Defiant Disorder Health information about oppositional defiant disorder from NewYorkPresbyterian. The University Hospitals of Columbia and Cornell. http://wo-pub2.med.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/WebObjects/PublicA.woa/1/wa/viewHContent?

79. Oppositional Defiant Disorder oppositional defiant disorder. Generally, oppositional defiant disorder is more evident in interactions with adults or peers whom the child knows well. http://www.bjc.org/BJC/BJCWELL.NSF/0/2240094651a9bd9b8525656100797ff7?OpenDocume

80. Treatment For Oppositional Defiant Disorder In Children With Adhd And Diagnosing Diagnosing and Treatment of oppositional defiant disorder in Children with ADHD If you have an ADHD child, there is a 40 to 50 percent chance of his doctor http://www.add-adhd-help-center.com/newsletters/newsletter_31july03.htm

Attention Deficit Disorder Help Center. Order ATTEND Products ADHD ADD Symptoms ADHD Test Types of ADD ... Click Here To Order Attend Products Diagnosing and Treatment of Oppositional Defiant Disorder in Children with ADHD If you have an ADHD child, there is a 40 to 50 percent chance of his doctor also diagnosing Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Children and adolescents with both Oppositional Defiant Disorder and ADHD are extremely difficult to live with and are always in trouble. Their impulsiveness, hyperactivity , aggression and willful defiance often lead to fights and huge temper tantrums. Oppositional behavior is a normal part of development during the “Terrible Twos” and “Terrible Teens.” For children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder, this behavior is not reserved for toddler and teen years or an occasional bad mood. It is their day-in and day-out conduct. These are the children who question and resist authority at every opportunity, and truly seem to enjoy getting a strong reaction out of the people they oppose. They become frustrated at slight events, are prone to temper outbursts, acts of aggression and destructiveness. Oppositional Defiant Disorder children frequently lie and are rarely willing to take responsibility for their actions.

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