81. War And Social Upheaval : Opium War The opium War was a critical turning point in Chinese history. In theWest it is a conflict virtually unknown except to historians. http://histclo.hispeed.com/essay/war/war-ow.html

The Opium Wars Figure 1. Opium Opium is a milky substances that can be drained from unripe poppy capsules. It is a mixture of alkaloids, especially codeine, morphine, and narcotine and various organic acids, especially meconic acid. These substances have a variety of medicinal uses, primarily for the sedetive effect. It also is smoked as an intoxicant. Smokers can experience agreeable dreams, deep sleep, and in large doeses death. Discovery in China Medical science until modern times was much more advanced in China than the West. One Chinese discovery was opium. The Chinese began manufacturing opium for medicinal purposes in the late 15th century. Chinese doctors used it to treat dysentery, cholera, and a variety of other diseases. Drug Addiction in China British Trade Europeans encountered a major problem in trding with China. There was a great demand for Chinese products (porcelin, silks, and othr items) in the West. The Europeans had, however, difficulty delivering products of interest to the Chinese. Preindustrial China found few items made in Europe that were marketable. This problem gotten even worse when Europeans in the 18th century developed a taste for tea. The result was an unfavorable ballance of trade which could only be settled with bullion, gold and silver. This only began to change when the British used their Indian colony to alter the basis of trade, developing a triangular trade. The British shiped merchandize to India and Southeast asia which with the

82. Books On Chinese Wars - WWII, Korea, The Opium Wars, Ancient Warfare... Hardcover May 2002). Mao s China and the Cold War (The New Cold WarHistory) by Jian Chen, Chen Jian (Paperback - June 2001). Secret War http://www.dropbears.com/b/broughsbooks/military/chinese_wars.htm

more search options Chinese Wars Books on WWII, Korea, the Opium Wars, Ancient Warfare Home Military > Chinese Wars Related Sections Chinese History Boxer Rebellion Korean War Burma WWII ... Military A-Z Departments Military Models Military Magazines Military Posters Military Calendars ... War Movies Resources Books UK Ordering Information Powells: Military Books Articles: Military History Best Sellers Posters Military Posters Featured Site The Military Webring The Boxer Rebellion : The Dramatic Story of China's War on Foreigners That Shook the World in the Summer of 1900 by Diana Preston Listed under Boxer Rebellion The Chinese Steam Navy 1862-1945 by Richard N. J. Wright Hardcover: 208 pages United States Naval Inst.; ISBN: 1861761449; (March 2001) China in the Anti-Japanese War, 1937-1945: Politics, Culture, and Society by David P. Barrett (Editor), Larry N. Shyu (Editor) (Hardcover) China's Road to the Korean War: The Making of the Sino-American Confrontation (U.S. and Pacific Asia-Studies in Social, Economic, and Political Inte) by Jian Chen, Chen Jian (Hardcover - December 1994) China's Bitter Victory : The War With Japan, 1937-1945

83. The Boxer Rebellion - Books On The Chinese Opium War Books on the Boxer Rebellion The Siege of Peking, The ChineseOpium War of 1900 from Brough s Military history Books. http://www.dropbears.com/b/broughsbooks/military/boxer_rebellion.htm

more search options The Boxer Rebellion Books on the Siege of the Peking Embassy and the Opium Wars Home Military > The Boxer Rebellion Related Sections Chinese History Chinese Wars American Civil War American War of Independence ... Military A-Z Departments Military Models Military Magazines Military Posters Military Calendars ... War Movies Resources Books UK Ordering Information Powells: Military Books Articles: Military History The Boxer Rebellion Best Sellers Posters Oriental Art Posters Featured Site Tiananmen 1989 The Boxer Rebellion : The Dramatic Story of China's War on Foreigners That Shook the World in the Summer of 1900 by Diana Preston (Paperback - July 2001) The Boxer Rebellion: The Dramatic Story of China's War on Foreigners That Shook the World in the Summer of 1900. by Diana Preston Hardcover - 352 pages edition (June 2000) The Chinese Opium Wars by Jack Beeching Paperback: 372 pages Harvest Books; ISBN: 0156170949; (April 1977) The Siege of the Peking Embassy 1900 : Sir Claude MacDonald's Report on the Boxer Rebellion by Tim Coates (Editor) (Paperback - January 2001) History in Three Keys by Paul A. Cohen

84. Opium_wars The opium wars. A good example of how economics can fuel drug policy follows. 18391842opium Chinese got tough opium wars with Britain China lost. http://www.mrs.umn.edu/~ratliffj/Drugs_Course/Opium_wars.htm

Return to Drugs Course Index page Return to Part 3A: Sociological Aspects notes History of Drugs History of drug laws and restrictions The Opium Wars A good example of how economics can fuel drug policy follows. As you read about the Opium Wars, think about other more recent drug issues (e.g., U.S. practices regarding exportation of tobacco; our response to Central American exportation of cocaine). 1600's OPIUM The Dutch, while exploring/exploiting China, discovered that smoking opium with tobacco relieved symptoms of malaria. Smoking of opium (for pleasure) caught on in China. OPIUM 1st Chinese decree against opium smoking had little effect. At this time, major source of opium was through importation, which was controlled by the Portuguese, who brought in over 200,000 pounds in this first year of prohibition. OPIUM New Chinese decree banning cultivation and importation of opium in or to China. However, the British East India Co. considered this to lead to too much of a cost currently shipping in 1,000 TONS of opium to China per year 54% of profits for whole company. OPIUM Chinese got tough Opium Wars with Britain China lost. Influx of opium followed (5,000 TONS). Opium brought to U.S. primarily by Chinese laborers. By 1906, it was estimated that up to 50% of the adult Chinese population was addicted to opium. Finally world conference in 1912 to regulate imports but only because of growing concerns in this country about opium use HERE in the U.S.

85. X3D Chinese Culture History regime led the Qing to defeat after the opium War of 1840. With the opening of moreand more coastal trade ports after the war, China s history entered a new http://www.x3dchina.com/history/feudal5.html

Home About X3DChina X3D.com ChinaDaily.com.cn History The Feudal Empire Ming: The Chinese Regain Power The Ming Dynasty was founded by a Han peasant named Zhu Yuanzhang. With a total 16 emperors, the Ming Dynasty lasted 276 years (1368 to 1644). With its first capital in Nanjing ("southern capital") and later in Beijing, the Ming reached a zenith of power during the first quarter of the 15th century. During this period, the Chinese fleet sailed the China seas and Indian Ocean, cruising as far as the eastern coast of Africa. The maritime Asian nations also sent envoys with tributes for the Chinese emperor. The Ming maritime expeditions stopped suddenly after 1433. Historians have concluded that one reason for this was the great expense of such large-scale expeditions at a time of preoccupation with northern defenses against the Mongols. In 1436, the Ming Dynasty began its decline, mainly due to the monopoly of eunuchs. With long wars with the Mongols, the harassment of Chinese coastal cities by the Japanese in the 16th century weakened Ming rule. In 1644 the Manchus from the north took Beijing, establishing the last imperial dynasty, the Qing. Early Qing (1644-1840): Decline of the Feudal Empire Strictly speaking, the Qing Dynasty lasted from 1644 until the founding of the Republic of China in 1911. After the Opium War in 1840, the Qing entered a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society, which can be divided into two periods.

86. X3D Chinese Culture History The Modern history of China After the opium War of 1840, China becamea semicolonial and semi-feudal society. This can be divided http://www.x3dchina.com/history/modern1.html

Home About X3DChina X3D.com ChinaDaily.com.cn History The Modern History of China The Modern History of China After the Opium War of 1840, China became a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. This can be divided into two periods, one from 1840 to 1911, the other from 1911 to 1949. The first period witnessed humiliating encroachment by foreign powers with the opening of more and more coastal trade ports. The other, from 1911 to 1949, saw uprisings led by Sun Yat-sen overthrow the Qing Dynasty and the establishment of the Republic of China. From 1840 to 1911 1. Internal Conflicts and Foreign Invasions Despite being introverted, the late Qing was plagued with rampant corruption, a steady decentralization of power, and the unfortunate fact that they were losing control on too many fronts at the same time. Rebellions sprouted like mushrooms after rain, undermining what little official authority remained. Several of the rebellions, such as the Taiping Rebellion, very nearly succeeded. In 1851 Hong Xiuquan and others launched an uprising in Guizhou Province and Hong proclaimed the Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace (or Taiping Tianguo) with himself as king. Their regime lasted 14 years before being crushed by the Qing government. Other secret societies, such as the White Lotus Sect in the north and the Triad Society in the south, shook the foundation of Manchu's rule. The ailing government as well as society made foreign invasions possible. After being defeated in the Opium War, the humiliating Treaty of Nanjing (1842) was signed on board a British warship by two Manchu imperial commissioners and the British plenipotentiary. It was the first of a series of agreements with the Western trading nations, which were later called the "unequal treaties". Under the Treaty of Nanjing, China ceded the island of Hong Kong to the British; opened 5 ports to British residence and foreign trade; limited the tariff on trade to 5 percent ad valorem; granted British nationals the right of exemption from Chinese laws; and paid a large indemnity for "causing the war". In addition, Britain was to have most-favored-nation treatment, that is, it would receive whatever trading concessions the Qing government granted other powers then or later.

87. British Military History Definition Meaning Information Explanation Second opium War (or The Arrow War) (1856 1860); Anglo World War I (1914 - 1918);World War II (1939 British military history of World War II British Commandos; http://www.free-definition.com/British-military-history.html

A B C D ... Contact Beta 0.71 powered by: akademie.de PHP PostgreSQL Google News about your search term British military history For details of British military history see: Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Institutions 2 Alliances 2.1 Scottish 2.2 English ... 5 See also Institutions Royal Navy British Army New Model Army Kitchener's Army ... National Service Alliances Scottish Auld Alliance English Anglo-Portuguese alliance ( Triple Alliance Grand Alliance British Anglo-Portuguese alliance ( Triple Alliance (1717) Triple Alliance (1788) NATO Western European Union Military encounters Roman Invasion Manduessedum Battle of Mons Graupius Norman Conquest ... Hundred Years' War (1337 to 1453) Battle of Agincourt Wars of the Roses Battle of Bosworth Field - last British king to die in combat (1485) Italian Wars Eighty Years' War Spanish Armada Bishops' Wars ... First Anglo-Dutch War Anglo-Spanish War (1654 - 1660) Second Anglo-Dutch War War of Devolution Third Anglo-Dutch War King Philip's War ... Battle of Sedgemoor (1685) - last battle on English soil War of the Grand Alliance (or King William's War Jacobite Rebellions Battle of Culloden (1746) - last battle on the British mainland War of the Spanish Succession Queen Anne's War War of Jenkins' Ear War of the Austrian Succession ... American War of Independence (1775 to 1783) Napoleonic Wars Battle of Trafalgar British-American War First Anglo-Afghan War ... Second Opium War (or The Arrow War Anglo-Zulu War Boer War ( 1880 - 1881 and 1899 - 1902) Anglo-Irish War World War I World War II British military history of World War II British Commandos Bletchley Park Cold War Malayan Emergency ... Brunei Uprising Konfrontasi (1962-1966)

88. Chinese History, Map And Chronology This greatly speeded up the carving process compared to stone carving. opiumWars digitalchina/harvard opium war. history Good reference site at UCSD. http://www.chinapage.com/history1.html

Chinese History Chinese history, timelines, maps, and Chronology of dynasties and emperors Classical History Books Collection[BIG5] Chronologies Chronology of Chinese dynasties [GIF] Chronology of Dynasties and Reign of Emperors [pdf] [GB] Another Chronology Timeline and Maps Detailed Time line by Seki Wei [BIG5] Most complete chronology timeline! Opium Wars digitalchina/harvard opium war History Good reference site at UCSD Zheng He [Cheng Ho] The great Chinese mariner who sailed the seas Brief History [GB] Click on each dynasty to read a brief description. Chinese History Hakka - Chinese Culture Page by Dr. S. L. Lee Portraits of Emperors [Home Page] of China the Beautiful

89. Encyclopedia: First Opium War See Also. Second opium War (18561860); William Jardine; Gen. Sir Anthony BlaxlandStransham; William John Napier; history of China; history of Hong Kong; http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/First-Opium-War

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #22 The United States consumes more energy than India, the Middle East, South America, Africa, South East Asia and Oceania combined - which means more than 3.1 billion people Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Related Articles People who viewed "First Opium War" also viewed: Second Opium War Treaty of Nanking Guangzhou Treaty of Nanjing ... SI derived unit Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: Apr 25, 2004

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91. Benefits Or Green Tea Health - Health - Conflict England responded by starting the opium wars (18401842) using militaryforce to achieve what trade and diplomacy failed to. England http://greentealovers.com/greenteahistoryconflict.htm

Join Our Mailing List Green Tea Tea History History: China History: Japan History: The West In 16th and 17th Century Europe, the favorite tea became black tea, prepared from fully fermented green tea leaves. France and the Netherlands were the two largest tea-consuming nations until the late 1650s. As the English rose to dominate the oceans of the known world, trade ships known as Tea Clippers were born. These vessels carried silk, porcelain and other goods from China to Europe, but they took their name from their most important cargo. Over the centuries, the tea trade has shaped culture and significantly influenced power and politics in both the East and the West. By 1760, five thousand tons of teas were imported (this includes smuggling) from China to England. By the 19th century, tea was the major commodity traded between China and England. Tea was paid for in silver. The Chinese imported far less than they sold and they levied extensive tariffs. As a result, England incurred a massive trade deficit and a shortage of silver in Great Britain. Subsequently England forced China to accept opium from their Indian colony as payment to reduce their deficit, causing a dispute that eventually lead to the Opium War in 1840.

92. The Bramah Museum Of Tea & Coffee - Tea History The opium clippers were adapted to carry tea, and the During the Second World Warsupplies of tea were engravings and artefacts from the history and practice http://www.bramahmuseum.co.uk/tea/

Equipment for Making Tea Procedure for Making Tea The origins of tea-drinking are lost in prehistory. Chinese mythology associates its discovery with the emperor Sin Nong, who lived in the third millennium BC. Before the eighth century AD Lu Yu was commissioned by Chinese tea-merchants to explain the merits of the drink made from the leaves of the plant Camellia sinensis in a book known as the Cha Ching. Tea drinking spread from China to Japan by the fifth century AD. Japanese Buddhist priests studying in China are credited with bringing home the seeds of the plant in 1191. Japanese green tea, Chinese black tea and Oolong tea (associated with Taiwan and is a distinctive, partially fermented drink between black and green tea) all come from the same bush. Shuko, the first great Japanese tea-master, wrote rules for the handling of the Japanese equipage in the late fifteenth century. A family required as many as 24 items for the preparation of tea, and the cabinet in which they kept this equipage was an important status symbol. The Portuguese priest Gaspar de Cruz was the first European to give an account of the drinking of tea, about 1560 and tea arrived in Lisbon shortly afterwards. Dutch merchants were the first to carry tea back to Europe commercially for sale, in a shipment of 1610, and teapots were among the articles of porcelain that were imported into Europe from China in ever increasing quantities during the seventeenth century. Tea drinking became fashionable first in Holland, and in England during the second half of the seventeenth century.

93. A Taste Of Dynamic Life, An Experience Of Modern China against the British invaders during the opium War in 1941 musician in China duringthe AntiJapanese War. and celebrities of Chinese modern history, but also http://www.visitgd.com/english/aboutgd/culturehistory/culturehistory.htm

Home About Guangdong Getting to GD Destinations ... About Guangdong Guangdong boasts many tourist attractions, such as four famous mountains, four famous ancient temples, four well-known traditional gardens, hundreds of cultural relics and historic sites, newly created modern attractions. At present, eco-tourism and cultural tourism is the fast growing segment of the travel industry. In an affluent society, people seek out a return to nature. Fortunately, Guangzhou is rich in natural attractions and traditional cultural heritage. Take these important Chinese historical figures for example: (Lu) Huineng (638 -713 AD), the great master (the inherited abbot) of the sixth generation of China's Buddhism and one of the founders of Zen Buddhism. Master Huineng was born in Xinxing County in Zhaoqing City, and his school of Zen Buddhism has deep-rooted influence in Japan, Southeast Asia, as well as Guangdong and Hong Kong. His wisdom and philosophy has permeated China's spiritual world for over 1,300 years. Chen Xianzhang (1428-1500), a philosopher of the Ming Dynasty, is regarded as the forerunner of the Lingnan culture. Chen was born in Xinhui, Jiangmeng City, growing up to be a national celebrity of Confucianism.

94. To Save Money On Opium Click Here For Opium Discount Sources. Growing opium in India, the East India Company A Short history of the opiumWars of Chinese authorities to stop the growing import trade in opium. http://institutedc.org/res/74/Opium.html

Opium Prescription Drug Discount Sources Is Your Opium Medication Too Expensive for Your Budget? You may qualify to get Opium and your other prescription drugs for free. Pharmaceutical manufacturers have patient assistance programs that give away millions of dollars worth of free medication annually. Booklet explains how and where to go for help. A to z list of programs and cross reference of prescription drugs. Booklet cost $6 The Opium Group - South Beach, Miami digital china/harvard: the opium war ... a good starting place for information on the Opium War as an historical event , or set of events ... brief historical account of the Opium War, as part of its publication ... frontline: the opium FRONTLINE presents filmmaker Adrian Cowell's 30-year chronicle of Burma's heroin trade and the rise and fall of the drug warlord Khun Sa ... heroin in the brain. opium The Opium Poppy ... Also known as opium poppy, the species is cultivated extensively in many countries, including Iran, Turkey, Holland ... is well known. Opium and derivatives of opium are used in the ...

95. First Opium War - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The First opium War was a tradeinspired war between the The conflict began a longhistory of resentment toward Western society that still has remnants http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Opium_War

First Opium War From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Server will be down for maintenance on 2004-06-11 from about 18:00 to 18:30 UTC. The First Opium War was a trade-inspired war between the United Kingdom and the Qing Empire in China from to . It is often seen as the beginning of European imperial hegemony towards China. The conflict began a long history of resentment toward Western society that still has remnants today. In the early 19th century, trading in goods from China was extremely lucrative for Europeans. But trade to China suffered from the fact that China was so large and well-developed, such that it was difficult to find products that the Chinese lacked or wished for. Silver was one, to the extent that the drain on European specie metals was noticeably affecting the economy. In casting about for other possible commodities, the British soon discovered opium , and would use its narcotic effects to full capitalist effect. Between and imports of the drug increased five-fold. The Chinese government attempted to end this trade, on public health grounds numerous opium addicts were appearing in trading ports throughout China. The effort was largely successful, with the official in charge of the effort Lin Zexu , eventually forcing the British Chief Superintendent of Trade in China, Charles Elliott to hand over all remaining stocks of opium for destruction in May However, the next month two British sailors murdered a Chinese man, and were arraigned under a British

96. First Opium War First opium War. The First opium War was a tradeinspired war betweenthe United Kingdom and the Qing Empire in China from 1839 to 1842. http://www.fact-index.com/f/fi/first_opium_war.html

Main Page See live article Alphabetical index First Opium War The First Opium War was a trade-inspired war between the United Kingdom and the Qing Empire in China from to . It is often seen as the first display of European military superiority over the Chinese. This conflict led to a long string of anti-Western sentiment from the Chinese, that arguably continues to this day. Trading goods from China were extremely lucrative for Europeans, but suffered from one major problem: China was so large and reasonably well-developed that it was difficult to find products that the Chinese wished to import. Silver was one, to the extent that the drain on European specie metals was noticeably affecting the economy. Casting about for other possibilities, opium was discovered. Between and imports of the drug increased five-fold. The Chinese government attempted to end this trade, on public health grounds numerous opium addicts were appearing in trading ports throughout China. The effort was largely successful, with the official in charge of the effort Lin Zexu, eventually forcing the British Chief Superintendent of Trade in China, Charles Elliott to hand over all remaining stocks of opium for destruction in May However, the next month two British sailors murdered a Chinese man, and were tried under the principle of

97. Opium War Essay.html The opium War was a political and economic event in China’s historythat has led to social, economic and political changes in China. http://www-atdp.berkeley.edu/9931/tlaforce/opium_war.html

The Economic, Social, and Political Effects of The Opium War As the trade between China and the West grew, the unequal trading between the two became very obvious. The growing demand in the West for tea, Chinese silk, medicine, and porcelain led to the booming trade in China. These goods were expensive, but the West had little to offer to China except for silver. The East India Company, which was a British trading Company, was soon trading silver for tea as the demand for tea increased in the West. This trade led the East India Co. into a huge debt. Trading monopolies with Chinese merchants and the unfair tariffs and taxes made the situation even more difficult. A triangle trade was created to work off the debt, by having the cotton from India sold, and then that money was used to by tea. However, the East India Co. was still in debt and silver was still needed. So finally the East India Co. turned to opium for trade. Wakeman, Frederic Jr., The Fall of Imperial China, New York: The Free Press, 1975, page: 128.

98. HKAL Paper II statement. 13. “The opium War marks the beginning of modern Chinesehistory.” Discuss the validity of this statement. 14. Critically http://mcw.hkcampus.net/~mcw-why/Revision questions--Paper2.htm

AL History Paper II: Question-File ***Please note that for the sake of a good result in the coming test, pre-mock examination as well as the public examination, you have to understand clearly how to answer the following questions in the best way. Still, possible questions about this syllabus are too many that I could not cover all of them. So, after studying these questions, you have to also think about other new questions and the solutions Section A: China 1800-1912/1919 Part I: Sino-foreign relations Account for the opening of China in the mid-19th century. Account for the opening of China in the mid-19th century, and explain how it shaped the Qing history up to 1912. To what extent was the First Opium War a result of the opium trade? To what extent was the First Opium War caused by the Lin Weixi Incident? To what extent was the Second Anglo-Chinese War a continuation of the First one? Discuss the relative importance of various factors causing the First Opium War 1839-1842. Discuss the relative importance of various factors causing the Second Opium War. Discuss the relative importance of various factors causing the First and Second Opium Wars.

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