41. The Opium War And Changes In Cultural the interest groups connected with the opium trade, decided jointly or separatelystarted ag gressive wars on China Chinese history in the sec- ond half of the http://www.silkroadcn.com/chinainfo/war.htm

24. The Opium War and Changes in Cultural Trends After It In i840 Britain shamelessly attacked China for a criminal pur- pose-to protect the opium trade. In the early nineteenth century, the British East India Company smuggled to China large quantities of opium produced in India, which was then a British colony. This illegal trade not only cost China enor- mous sums of money, but did great harm to the health and moral quality of those who were addicted to the drug. So clear-headed offi- cials in the Qing government like Lin Zexu wanted to have the trade completely banned. The Qing rulers also saw the danger of the spread of opium, and in 1838 appointed Lin High Commissioner and entrust- ed him with the task of banning the opium trade in Guangzhou, where most British opium dealers were staying and doing business. After arriving in Guangzhou early in 1839, Lin took resolute and strict measures to ban the trade. He compelled the British merchants to surrender all their opium, totaling 22, 000 chests(one chest con- taining about 120 jin of opium)and had it publicly burned in Hu- men, not far from Guangzhou.

42. Green Information A Short history of the opium wars. From Civilizations Past And Present.Book Chapter 29 South And East Asia, 18151914. Author Wallbank http://www.greeninformation.com/A Short History of the Opium Wars.htm

Global Greens Welcome to Green Information Enter Table of Contents Or open page 2, ... or page 4 A Short History of the Opium Wars From: Civilizations Past And Present Book: Chapter 29: South And East Asia, 1815-1914 Author: Wallbank;Taylor;Bailkey;Jewsbury;Lewis;Hackett Date: 1992 Excerpted from Bureau Development's CD-ROM The Central Kingdom At the end of the 1800s China's four million square miles held 450 million people, up from 200 million a century earlier. The ruling dynasty was the Ching, established by Manchus from Manchuria, who in 1644 had superseded the Ming. These descendants of the Tatars appreciated Chinese civilization and adopted a conciliatory attitude toward their subjects. They refused, however, to allow intermarriage with the Chinese, for they realized that only their blood difference kept them from being assimilated and conquered. By and large, however, the Manchus gradually became Chinese in their attitudes and habits. The Manchu emperors were remarkably successful. The reign of Chien-lung (1736-1795) was a time of great expansion. The Manchus gained Turkestan, Burma, and Tibet. By the end of the eighteenth century Manchu power extended even into Nepal, and the territory under the Ching control was as extensive as under any previous dynasty. The Western Response The foreigners were especially irritated by the high customs duties the Chinese forced them to pay and by the attempts of Chinese authorities to stop the growing import trade in opium. The drug had long been used to stop diarrhea, but in the seventeenth and eighteenth century people in all classes began to use it recreationally. Most opium came from Turkey or India, and in 1800 its import was forbidden by the imperial government. Despite this restriction, the opium trade continued to flourish. Privately owned vessels of many countries, including the United States, made huge profits from the growing number of Chinese addicts. The government in Peking noted that the foreigners seemed intent on dragging down the Chinese through the encouragement of opium addiction.

43. CNN.com - 1840-1860: Opium Wars - June 24, 2002 That lease began in 1898, and expired on July 1, 1997. More Hong Kong history.18401860 opium wars. 1860s-1940 In the crown. 1941-1945 Occupation. http://asia.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/east/06/20/hk.history.01/

document.adoffset = 0; document.adPopupDomain = 'edition.cnn.com'; document.adPopupFile = '/cnn_adspaces/adsPopup2.html'; document.adPopupInterval = 'P24'; document.adPopunderInterval = 'P24'; MAIN PAGE EUROPE WORLD WEATHER ... SPORT at SI.com SERVICES E-MAIL SERVICES CNN MOBILE CNN AVANT GO DESKTOP TICKER ... AD INFO CNN TV what's on biz international inside sailing the music room ... CNN Partner Hotels EDITIONS CNN.com U.S. CNN.com Asia CNNArabic.com set your edition Languages Arabic Japanese Spanish Portuguese German Italian Korean Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW 1840-1860: Opium Wars Trade war: Britain acquires 'a barren rock' At the start of the 19th century, Hong Kong was little more than a backwater in southern China, with no indication it would one day be a world trade center. By the middle of that century, Britain's desire to force opium on China had resulted in two wars and the loss of Chinese sovereignty in the territory. In the early 1800s, Hong Kong was inhabited mostly by subsistence farmers, fishermen and pirates. At that time, China's major contact with the outside world was taking place farther north, up the Pearl River, at

44. NewsMine.org - Opium War.txt The opium wars marked a turning point in history, says campaign organizerSteve Lau, who runs the Web site www.britishbornchinese.co.uk. http://www.newsmine.org/archive/coldwar-imperialism/east-india-company/opium-war

45. Opium Wars Books - Wars - Military Books And Videos Changing China Readings in the history of China from the opium War to the Present,Changing China Readings in the history of China from the opium War to the http://www.hobbydo.com/military/opium-wars-books-2.html

Military Books And Videos Home General Military History War Wars Achinese War Korean War American Civil War American Revolutionary War ... Yom Kippur War Weapons Planes Fighters Bombers Helicopters ... Chemical Services Army Navy Marines Air Force ... ROTC Special Forces Special Force Airborne Green Berets LRPS ... Seals Videos Military HobbyDo Search Now: Opium Wars books The Opium War, 1840-1842: Barbarians in the Celestial Empire in the Early Part of the Nineteenth Century and the War by Which They Forced Her Gates By: Peter Ward Fay Publisher: Univ of North Carolina Pr Used or other Price: Read more... Dope, Inc.: Britain's Opium War Against The U.S. By: Konstandinos Kalimtgis, U.S. Labor Party Investigating Team, David Goldman Publisher: New Benjamin Franklin House Pub. Co Used or other Price: Read more... The Opium War By: Compilation Group Publisher: University Press of the Pacific New Price: Used or other Price: Read more... An Insular Possession By: Timothy Mo Publisher: Random House Inc Used or other Price: Read more... Changing China: Readings in the history of China from the Opium War to the present Publisher: Praeger Used or other Price: Read more...

46. India & China Stage: Jasmine Dispatch - June 12, 2000 The team visits Hong Kong and discusses its place in modernday China. Addressesthe rugged history of British invasion, drug wars and the opium trade. http://www.worldtrek.org/odyssey/asia/071500/071500jasopium.html

Drug Wars to Star Wars: A Tangled Trip Through the Opium Trade July 15, 2000 In the tricky world of international relations and politics, you'll be surprised at some of the things a country and its leaders can get away with. Let's flip through annals of history and highlight a few examples. The construction of the Narmada Dam in India caused the inundation of villages and took the lives of villagers fighting to protect their homes. This is a prime example of the injustices people face at the hands of world leaders. Let's not forget about the founding fathers of the United States, who captured, enslaved, and murdered Africans to build America. Click image for larger view History is full of instances similar to these. As a matter of fact, when Christopher Columbus "discovered" America, he was actually looking to exploit trade opportunities in the East! Another good example has only recently has been reconciled. During the 1500s, when the European powers were searching for trade opportunities, they began to establish trade relations with China. The Portuguese were the first to land on the shores of China in 1516 and had successfully set up trade missions by 1557. The

47. Opium Wars Encyclopedia : Maps - Weather - Travel - History - Economy - Governme Main Page Edit this page, opium wars. There were two opium wars between Britainand China, in the second of which France also participated alongside Britain http://china.asinah.net/en/wikipedia/o/op/opium_wars.html

Hotel Reservations AmeriHost Aparthotel Barcelo ... [ SHOPPING ] china.asinah.net Encyclopedia Switch Language Encyclopedia worldwide This article could be outdated : Visit our new Table of Contents Main Page Edit this page Opium Wars There were two Opium Wars between Britain and China , in the second of which France also participated alongside Britain: First Opium War Second Opium War ("The Arrow War"), 1856-1860 All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License This article courtesy of Wikipedia.org You may link to this article from your website: Other Subjects Astronomy Biology Chemistry Computer science ... Arts U.S. States Infos Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas ... Server Stats For feedback, please email us at info@asinah.net Part of www.asinah.net Network

48. The Pocket Guide To World History - O’Neill To Opium Wars The Pocket Guide to World history. O’Neill, Eugene. 18881953. Grétry. Readmore Google. opium wars. 1839-42 Hong Kong ceded to Britain. 1856-60. http://www.benlo.com/history/ph578.html

Feedback The Pocket Guide to World History , Eugene. 1888-1953. US playwright: Iceman Cometh [Read more ...] [Google] , Hugh. c1540-1616. Irish. Led failed revolt vs English rule. [Read more ...] [Google] , Shane. c1530-67. Irish chief rebelled vs England, slain by rival clan. [Read more ...] [Google] Ontological Argument . God exists as the most perfect human conception. [Read more ...] [Google] Op art . 20C style incorporating optical illusion of movement. Vasarely Riley [Read more ...] [Google] OPEC . Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. 1961- International cartel sets prices by controlling supply. Created oil shortage 1973. [Read more ...] [Google] Open Door . 1900-39. US policy of equal trade rights with China. [Read more ...] [Google] . 1861-75. Paris opera house by Garnier [Read more ...] [Google] Opera Buffa. = Comic Opera. Pergolesi [Read more ...] [Google] . 18C-. French light opera infl by Italian Opera Buffa [Read more ...] [Google] Opium Wars Hong Kong ceded to Britain. 1856-60. French, British force China to open trade, legalize opium. Demonstrated European weapon superiority. Nanking Treaty [Read more ...]

49. Columbus World Travel Guide - East Asia - China - History And Government Modern Chinese history begins in 1840, with the opium wars, when Britain and otherEuropean powers imposed their will upon the ailing Qing Dynasty, forcing http://www.worldtravelguide.net/data/chn/chn580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/EastAsia/China/HistoryandGovernment'; document.write('Research China hotels at TripAdvisor'); Contact Addresses Overview General Information Passport/Visa ... East Asia /China CHINA History and Government History: China has one of the world’s oldest continuous civilisations. Shang Dynasty ‘oracle bone’ inscriptions, dating back to the 12th century BC, are easily recognisable as early forms of the ideograms, some of which are still used today in Chinese calligraphy. During much of China’s history, the collapse of a dynasty or the accession of a weak ruler would result in the country’s fragmentation into smaller kingdoms, until reunited once again under a new powerful dynasty. In the period of disunion following the Han Dynasty, Buddhism reached China along the Silk Road from Central Asia. During the Tang Dynasty (AD618–907), the Chinese civilisation spread to Korea, Japan and South East Asia. In the 13th century, the Mongols under Genghis Khan overran Asia and Genghis’ grandson, Kublai Khan, founded the Yuan Dynasty in 1271. It was during this period that Marco Polo visited China. In 1368, Chinese rule was re-established by the Ming Dynasty, which built the Great Wall to prevent further incursions from the north. Despite this, the Manchus invaded China and founded their own Qing (Ch’ing) Dynasty in 1644. Modern Chinese history begins in 1840, with the Opium Wars, when Britain and other European powers imposed their will upon the ailing Qing Dynasty, forcing Chinese ports to accept opium consignments produced in India by the British East India Company. Hong Kong was ceded to Britain until 1997 for this purpose. In 1856, Canton, one of the ports forced to accept the trade during the First Opium War, put up concerted resistance. The Chinese suffered another defeat, this time at the hands of an Anglo-French alliance and further trading concessions were extracted from them at the 1858 treaty of Tientsin.

50. Opium The Drug Drug Facts. Morphine is a narcotic analgesic. Morphine was first isolated from opiumin 1805 by a German pharmacist, A Short history of the opium wars http://www.fast-easy-pharmacy.com/5/opium-the-drug.html

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51. History: Undergraduate Modules: HI154: Seminars 1969. Holt, Edgar. The opium wars in China. London, Putnam 1964. Jstor. Latourette,Kenneth Scott. A history of Christian Missions in China New York, 1929. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/arts/history/undergrad/modules/hi154/seminar5/

Skip to main content navigation Notify Stats ... Sign in [m] Home Undergraduate Postgraduate Academic Staff ... Research Centres [n] Local Navigation Modules Seminar 5 Powered by Sitebuilder Seminar Five: China in Crisis (domestic and foreign threats to the dynasty) [c] Seminar questions What is the significance of the Taiping Rebellion? Which factors contributed to the social unrests of the 19 th century? Why did the Opium Wars happen? Could they have been avoided? What is the nature of the evidence we have for the uprisings? Core Readings Spence, The Search for Modern China Spence, The Search for Modern China:A Documentary Collection , pp. 110-149 Background reading General accounts of the uprisings and rebellions. Chesneaux, Jean. Peasant Revolts in China, 1840-1949 . Norton, 1973. Gray, Jack. Rebellions and Revolutions: China from the 1800s to the 1980s Kuhn, Philip A. Soulstealers: The Chinese Sorcery Scare of 1768 Mann Jones, Susan and Philip Kuhn, "Dynastic decline and the roots of rebellion," in CHOC 10. Marks, Robert.

52. The History Of Chinese Immigration -- Brown Quarterly -- V. 3, No. 4 -- Spring 2 The history of Chinese Immigration. A series of wars, rebellions, civil disorders,floods, famines and cut off the British importation of opium, they suffered a http://brownvboard.org/brwnqurt/03-4/03-4c.htm

Diversity Web Page Internet / Book Nook Volume 3, No. 4 (Spring 2000) Asian American History Month The History of Chinese Immigration Click an image to read its caption. Most Chinese immigrants came to San Francisco where they developed a Chinese American community and made an effort to join the city's political and cultural life. In the 1850s they participated in festivities celebrating California’s admission into the Union and in the Fourth of July Parade. Chinese Americans also preserved their own cultural traditions. They celebrated the lunar New Year in the traditional way. In 1852 the first performance of Cantonese opera was held and the first Chinese theatre building completed. Two Chinese-language newspapers began publishing. Associations The Kong Chow Association was the first Chinese organization established. In 1849 Norman As-sing, a prominent merchant, became the leader of the Chew Yick Association and served as an interpreter. Tong K. Achick arrived in 1851 and founded the Yeong Wo Association. Later, he and As-sing were rivals for leadership of the Chinese American community in San Francisco. Immigration A series of wars, rebellions, civil disorders, floods, famines and droughts made earning a livelihood in China difficult. When China tried to cut off the British importation of opium, they suffered a devastating defeat by the British in the Opium War of 1840. When news of the discovery of gold reached China, many Chinese immigrated to California from Kuangtung Province.

53. Details: 1570719314 opium wars THE ADDICTION OF ONE EMPIRE AND THE CORRUPTION OF ANOTHER HANES 2002($27.95) HK$218.00 (other editions/versions) See more history New arrivals http://www.paddyfield.com/mainstore/searchisbn.php?q=1570719314

54. LAOS The Secret War tiny peek into that era of secret history, so that Private wars in southwestwernLaos and Northern between Generals of former KMT forces (1967 opium War), . http://www.angelfire.com/in/Laos/

LAOS : The Secret War "Nyob zoo" .....Welcome var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" The Royal Laos National Flag as proudly flown until 1975 LAOS : Originally known as "Lan Xang" : "Land of the Million Elephants" ASSIGNMENT : Support Secret War in Laos "There are risks and costs to a program of action, but they are far less than the long range risks and costs of comfortable inaction." John F. Kennedy LAOS : Geography Laos is sub-divided into 16 Provinces : Attapu [Attopeu], Bokeo, Bolikhamxai, Champasak, [ Champassak ], Houa Phan, Khammouan [Khammouane], Louang Namtha [Houa Khong], Louangphabang [ Luang Prabang ], Oudomxai, Phongsali [Phong Saly], Salavan [Saravan], Savannakhet, Viangchan [ Vientiane ], Xaignabouli [Sayaboury], Xekong, Xiangkhoang [Xieng Khouang] The Mekong River , flows from 17,000 ft above sea level, in the Tibetan Plateau, southward through Laos 2,600 miles (4,200 km), to the South China Sea. NOTE : Laos : Big Picture NOTE : U.S. Embassy in

55. A Brief History Of Drugs Reviews A fascinating and informative history of humankind s checkered and often andthe ergotbased mystery cult of Eleusis, through the opium wars in China http://www.innertraditions.com/titles/brhidr.htm

A Brief History of Drugs: From the Stone Age to the Stoned Age by Antonio Escohotado ISBN 0-89281-826-3 Park Street Press 176 pages, 5 3/8 x 8 1/4 Paper, $12.95 (CAN $20.95) About the Book About the Author Table of Contents Reviews Excerpt Ordering Return to Inner Traditions' homepage About the Book A clear-eyed look at the instrumental role drugs have played in our cultural, social, and spiritual development. * First American publication of the surprising European bestseller. * Examines everything from the ancient use of ergot and datura to the modern phenomenon of "designer" drugs such as Ecstasy and crack cocaine. From remotest antiquity to the present era of designer drugs and interdiction, drugs have played a prominent role in the cultural, spiritual, and social development of civilizations. Antonio Escohotado demonstrates how the history of drugs illuminates the history of humanity as he explores the long relationship between mankind and mind-altering substances. Hemp, for example, has been used in India since time immemorial to stimulate mental agility and sexual prowess. Aristotle's disciple Theophrastus testifies to the use of datura by the ancient Greeks and further evidence links the rites at Eleusis to the ingestion of a hallucinogen. Similar examples can be found in cultures as diverse as the Celts, the ancient Egyptians, the Aztecs, and other indigenous peoples around the world. Professor Escohotado also looks at the present-day differences that exist between the more drug-tolerant societies like Holland and Switzerland and countries advocating complete repression of these substances. The author provides a comprehensive analysis of the enormous social costs of the drug war that is coming under increasing fire from all levels of society. Professor Escohotado's work demonstrates that drugs have always existed and been used by societies throughout the world and the contribution they have made to humanity's development has been enormous. The choice we face today is to teach people how to use them correctly or to continue to indiscriminately demonize them. "Just say no," the author says, is not an option. Just say "know" is.

56. Sourcebooks, Inc. paid for with profits made from the opium trade time, managed to do so in two wars,resulting in Britain, holds a doctorate in British Imperial history from the http://sourcebooks.com/academic/academic_categories.asp?isbn=1570719314

57. »»Reviews For Opium Wars«« The opium wars The Addiction of One Empire and the Corrupt. I thought the book waswell written and interesting. It tells an amazing story of China s history. http://www.booksunderreview.com/Society/History/By_Time_Period/Nineteenth_Centur

Opium Wars Reviews Related Subjects: More Pages: Opium Wars Page 1 Book reviews for "Opium Wars" sorted by average review score: The Chinese Opium Wars Author: Jack Beeching Amazon base price: Average review score: How the British plagued the Chinese with opium. Beeching does a good job of detailing how the British and to a lesser extent the Americans were not always so noble in their dealings with Third World people. As detailed above, we exploited their economy, made off with millions of coolies, made others opium addicts, and burned one of their prized monumentsthe Summer Palace (looting it in the process). The men that did this thought the Chinese were the barbarians. I think Beeching was fair to both sides. I liked his reference section in which he listed his sources, and then summarized what the opinion waspro British, pro Chinese. An excellent work. An Early Embarrassment for Free Trade Beeching makes great use of historical analysis, and a bit of sarcastic humor, to describe these two opium wars and the surrounding historical context. He does a good job outlining the cultural misunderstandings that made things worse (both sides always called the other crude barbarians), and he does a fine job covering all sides of the story within the context of concurrent British and Chinese history. On the British side, the book does occasionally get bogged down in Parliamentary politics back in London, but on the Chinese side there is good coverage of native culture and an interesting foray into the Taiping rebellion.

58. Electronic Passport To The Opium Wars The British defeated the Chinese in the opium wars from 1839 to 1842. Learn about the opium wars in the Electronic passport at www.mrdowling.com. opium wars. From 1839 to 1842, China fought what http://www.mrdowling.com/613-opiumwars.html

HOME TIME AND SPACE PREHISTORY MESOPOTAMIA ... The Boxer Rebellion The Opium Wars From 1839 to 1842, China fought what we now call the "Opium Wars" with Britain. There are many ways to look at a problem. Here are two views of the situation from the perspective of the Chinese and the British: China is a very old country with ideals that have lasted more than two thousand years. The Chinese people were satisfied with their way of life and had little interest in the nations of the Western Hemisphere. Tea, grown in China, had become a very popular drink in Great Britain. China would have rather not traded with the British at all, but they were willing to sell the British tea only if they used the port in Canton. They were willing not allow western ideas in their society. The British decided they needed to "balance their trade." That means that they must buy and sell to China, not just buy. They decided to sell Opium.

59. Ch'ing China: The Opium Wars By the 1830's, the English had become the major drugtrafficking criminal organization in the world . Discussion of the causes and effects of these wars. http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/CHING/OPIUM.HTM

tons of opium into Canton which it traded for Chinese manufactured goods and for tea. This trade had produced, quite literally, a country filled with drug addicts, as opium parlors proliferated all throughout China in the early part of the nineteenth century. This trafficing, it should be stressed, was a criminal activity after 1836, but the British traders generously bribed Canton officials in order to keep the opium traffic flowing. The effects on Chinese society were devestating. In fact, there are few periods in Chinese history that approach the early nineteenth century in terms of pure human misery and tragedy. In an effort to stem the tragedy, the imperial government made opium illegal in 1836 and began to aggressively close down the opium dens. The War The Illustrated Gazatteer of Maritime Countries Illustrated Gazatteer of Maritime Countries Gazatteer Gazatteer that the Europeans had developed technologies and methods of warfare in their ceaseless and barbaric quest for power, profit, and material wealth. Civilization, represented by China, was in danger of falling to the technological superiority of the Western powers. Because China is a peaceful and civilized nation, it can overcome the West only if it learns and matches the technology and techniques of the West. The purpose of the Gazatteer ©1996, Richard Hooker

60. The Opium Wars Of The 21st Century Tobacco And The Developing World The struggle against tobacco is not being won, it is being relocated. The tobacco wars of the next century will increasingly be waged among vulnerable populations ill equipped to cope with the slick marketing techniques and the dirty tricks perfected by the tobacco industry. http://www.healthnet.org/programs/procor/9710comm.html

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