21. ITOPF services, the most important of which is responding to oil spills. Our technical advisers have attended onsite at Contingency planning for oil spills. Costs. The costs of oil spills http://www.itopf.com/

INTERNATIONAL TANKER OWNERS POLLUTION FEDERATION LIMITED News Events Main Menu Contact Us Objective technical advice, expertise, assistance and information on effective response to ship-source pollution. ITOPF is a non-profit making organisation, funded by the vast majority of the world's shipowners. We devote considerable effort to a wide range of technical services, the most important of which is responding to oil spills. Our technical advisers have attended on-site at 500 spills in 88 countries. Main Menu News Latest news (updated 31/3/04) Events ITOPF's forthcoming activities and commitments (updated 10/6/04) About ITOPF History, staffing, technical services, publications, location map Summaries of oil spill response arrangements and resources worldwide Historical Data Numbers, sizes and causes of spills (now updated for 2003) Fate and Effects Behaviour and impact of spilt oil Clean-up Techniques Containment and recovery, dispersants, alternative clean-up techniques

22. OSPR Home Page The goal of OSPR s NRDA program is to examine the natural resources injuries from oil spills, toxic waste sites, and other pollution events, to quantify . http://www.dfg.ca.gov/ospr/

California Home DFG Home Page OSPR Mission Statement OSPR Business Tools ... Site Index Going to the Beach? Check the weather first. Enter a city or Zip For questions or more information about OSPR Contact: Public Information Department of Fish and Game Office of Spill Prevention and Response (OSPR) 1700 K Street Sacramento, CA 95814 Phone: (916) 445-9338 Fax: (916) 324-8829 OSPR Communications Center (916) 445-0045 Information and Services Draft - DARP - Stuyvesant/Humboldt Coast Oil Spill Draft Damage Assessment and Restoration Plan - for Public review and comment - May 2004.. Details Suisun Slough Pipeline Incident - OSPR is responding to an apparent pipeline failure which has released an undetermined amount of diesel fuel into the Suisun Marsh near Suisun City between Fairfield and Vallejo, California. Details The Coast Guard SONS exercise program is designed to increase the preparedness of the entire response organization from the Port-level to agency heads in Washington, D.C. The major objectives for the program are:

23. EPA: OSWER Information on cleaning up contaminated properties; preventing and preparing for chemical accidents and oil spills; and managing waste safely. http://www.epa.gov/swerrims/

Solid Waste and Emergency Response Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) Land Cleanup and Redevelopment Emergencies, Accidents and Spills ... Our Partners Highlights Cleanup OSWER Vision Newsletter OSWER Innovation Pilots Speeches and Testimonies ... One Cleanup Program and Press Release Land Revitalization and Press Release Resource Conservation Challenge Announcing OSWER Intern Program Grants Competition Response to September 11, 2001 ... Our Priorities Emergency Response and Homeland Security Land Revitalization One Cleanup Program Workforce Development and Succession Planning Innovations and the Innovations Work Group About Our Assistant Administrator Speeches and Testimonies Our Offices ... Environmental Justice in Waste Programs How Do I... Reduce, Reuse or Recycle? Dispose of My Consumer Hazardous Waste? Report a Chemical Accident/Emergency/Act of Terrorism? Learn about Land Cleanups? ... Deal with Unexploded Ordnance? In addition, the Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance has information on Site Remediation Enforcement and Regulatory Enforcement of OSWER-related programs.

24. ENERGY FACTS: OIL SPILLS oil spills. Cleaning Up oil spills. Once an oil spill has occurred there are several methods by which the damage caused can be limited and the oil cleaned up. http://www.iclei.org/EFACTS/OILSPILL.HTM

OIL SPILLS Of all the different ways in which the industrialized world's use of energy can damage the natural environment, the most vivid for many people may be oil spills. On a seemingly regular basis, our newspapers and television screens are filled with pictures of listing tankers spilling crude oil (also known as petroleum), and oil soaked sea-birds in various stages of death. While these oil spills may be the most publicized (the Exxon Valdez for example), accidental spills from tankers account for only about 20% of the crude oil discharged into the world's oceans each year. The remaining 80% is largely a result of routine oil tanker operations such as emptying ballast tanks (Table 1). There are possible methods of reducing the amount of crude oil released into our oceans each year, but as long as vast amounts of oil are routinely transported by sea, there will be some amount of unavoidable spillage. TABLE 1: Oil discharged into the marine environment from maritime transport (millions of tons annually) (35K). Fate of Oil From Spills Table 2 is a list of some of the major tanker spills which have occurred over the last 30 years. Many people assume that only those oil spills which occur near coastlines cause any damage. These spills do of course, have the largest immediate and economic impacts but although the world's oceans are large, no oil can be spilled without harming local ecosystems. Air and ocean currents can also transport pollutants for thousands of kilometres, therefore oil spills affect more than just isolated locations.

25. Arctic National Wildlife Refuge News - ANWR - Prudhoe Bay BP Amoco oil company's Prudhoe Bay oil and gas field operators provide insight into BP crude oil drilling in ANWR and the technology in place to prevent oil spills and loss of life. http://anwrnews.com

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Development News Facilitator: Charles Hamel (pro bono) Site By: Chris Grady SiteAnnounce.com (pro bono) BP Prudhoe Bay Facilities This site has been established by and for the many concerned Prudhoe Bay BP operators who fear for their lives and the environment due to violations of Government regulations and requirements by BP. - Facilitated by their spokesman Charles Hamel Home What's New People Technology Links ... Help ANWRnews Join our Email Alert Service click click Water Drops on Lupine Article: ANWR signs scrapped START: Report #1 Revelations of Dangerous North Slope Operations Dispute over staff safety at BP intensifies "Mr Brian, an instrument technician and operator, filed a complaint with OSHA after the August 16 explosion, which he believes could have been prevented. After that, he said, his field supervisor, Randy Selman, ousted him from a meeting on safety, preventing his views from being heard." Source Financial Times BP wells may be regulated oil and gas AOGCC to probe 260 operations highoighted as 'Potentially Problematic' "Charles Hamel, an advocate for BP workers in Alaska , said staff had complained about the fairness of BP's internal investigation. "One of the people in the investigation team was the one giving the 'verbal waiver' to flow the well without the proper diagnostics. He was, in effect, investigating himself," Mr Hamel said." Source Financial Times BP staff in plea on well safety "BP workers have asked management in Alaska to investigate the safety of a further 123 wells, almost doubling the number identified as potentially problematic following an explosion."

26. OIL SPILL Disasters General Infos on oil spills by Tanker Accidents. Environmental Toxicology Oil Pollution; The Never-Ending Oil Spill - AlterNet; oil spills - Statistics; http://www.betterworldlinks.org/book56w.htm

Our Home Page to 30.000 Links Environment - Environment by Topics (Special) OIL SPILL Disasters Our Links in German Suggestions welcome via Email General Infos on Oil Spills by Tanker Accidents Our Links on the OIL INDUSTRY Our Links on the ENVIRONMENT Oil Spill Reponse (Global Sustainability) Environmental Toxicology - Oil Pollution ... Save Energy ! Don't Waste It ! Legal Aspects History of Admiralty Law The Maritime Law and Admiralty Law Page Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce (JMLC) Maritime Law Book - National Reporter System ... Government Organizations, Agencies, and Telephone Numbers Prestige - Tanker before North West Spain 11/02 Messy Trail of Responsibility for Oil Disaster Spanish PM hints at Prestige errors - BBC 12/02 Leaked oil blackening Spain's coastline - Greenpeace 11/02 Ruptured Oil Tanker Sinks Off Coast of Spain - Greenpeace USA ... A marea negra do Prestige Erika (Total Fina, France) - Tanker with 30.000 t fuel oil sinks near the bretonic coast 12/99 Diesel oil tanker snaps in two off the French coast Greenpeace France Boycott Total ! TOTALFINA / TOTAL BOYCOTT ... Naufrage du Petrolier Erika Sea Empress - Britain/Wales 2/96 Sea Empress Oil Spill - Overview Sea Empress Oil Spill The Environmental Impact of the Sea Empress Oil Spill - Summary West Wales recovering from 'environmental disaster' - BBC Pallas - Cargo ship with oil near Amrum 10/98 Pallas Oil Spill Wadden Sea (WWF) Click on the German flag ! Suggestions welcome

27. Nature's Safe And Cheap Cleaning Products Active bacteria cleaning products to clean cesspools, septic systems, drain lines, and oil spills. http://www.wastecei.com/

Sign Up For My Email List! Name Email (required) Biodegradable Environmentally Safe Bacterial Ingredients Nature's Products Waste Composting Enterprises, Inc. products are all Natural, Biodegradable, and Environmentally Sound and Environmentally Friendly. We use an active bacterial mixture that eliminates the use of harsh chemicals, like acids, caustics, alcohol, or hydrocarbons. Bacteria are nature's Primary Decomposters and recycle the planets waste. The bacteria attack and Consume Organics . The organics are converted into water and carbon dioxide and the remains of the bacteria. These remaining elements are biodegradable and naturally occuring ingredients that help the enviroment by cleaning up the waste. The product assortment is effective in Septic Systems, Cesspools, Mobile Toilets, Grease Traps, drains and drain lines, Lagoons, and Waste Water Treatment Plants. We provide a Parts Cleaner Fluid for parts washers that has no Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC). All ingredients are Non Carcoginic and Generally Reguared As Safe (GRAS list). Odor Control is achieved by using our Bacterial Product Mixtures to eliminate the Odor causing materials. This is the

28. Oil Spills worldWorld—Disasters oil spills. 1976 Dec. 15 Related content from HighBeam Research on oil spills. Oil and water don t mix. (oil http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0001451.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Encyclopedia ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips World Disasters Oil Spills Dec. 15, Buzzards Bay, Mass.: Argo Merchant ran aground and broke apart southeast of Nantucket Island, spilling its entire cargo of 7.7 million gallons of fuel oil. March 16, off Portsall, France: wrecked supertanker Amoco Cadiz June 3, Gulf of Mexico: exploratory oil well Ixtoc 1 blew out, spilling an estimated 140 million gallons of crude oil into the open sea. Although it is the largest known oil spill, it had a low environmental impact. Nov. 1, Gulf of Mexico: estimated 2.6 million gallons of oil were released into the environment when Burmah Agate collided with the freighter Mimosa southeast of Galveston Entrance in the Gulf. Mar. 24, Prince William Sound, Alaska:

29. Oil Spills worldWorld—Disasters oil spills. 1976 Dec. 15, Buzzards Bay Related content from HighBeam Research on oil spills. oil spills.(definition http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001451.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Encyclopedia ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips World Disasters Oil Spills Dec. 15, Buzzards Bay, Mass.: Argo Merchant ran aground and broke apart southeast of Nantucket Island, spilling its entire cargo of 7.7 million gallons of fuel oil. March 16, off Portsall, France: wrecked supertanker Amoco Cadiz June 3, Gulf of Mexico: exploratory oil well Ixtoc 1 blew out, spilling an estimated 140 million gallons of crude oil into the open sea. Although it is the largest known oil spill, it had a low environmental impact. Nov. 1, Gulf of Mexico: estimated 2.6 million gallons of oil were released into the environment when Burmah Agate collided with the freighter Mimosa southeast of Galveston Entrance in the Gulf. Mar. 24, Prince William Sound, Alaska:

30. Event-Based Science: OilSpill! Oil Spill! Selecting a Harbor Oceanography and the Impact of oil spills This site provides an extensive elaboration of the EventBased Science Oil Spill! http://www.mcps.k12.md.us/departments/eventscience/ebs.OilSpill.html

Event-Based Science Table of Contents Welcome Newsletter Newsletter Archives Other Activities ... Parent Letter Oil Spill! Event-Based Science is a new way to teach middle school science. It is an award-winning, standards-based program in which newsworthy events establish the relevance of science topics; authentic tasks create the need-to-know more about those topics; and lively interviews, photographs, Web pages, and inquiry-based science activities create a desire to know more about those topics. Main EBS Page Oil Spill! is an Event-Based Science module about oceanography. It uses the 1989 spill of over 10 million gallons of oil from the tanker Exxon Valdez to establish the context for exploring concepts related to shoreline oceanography. The task in

31. Jumpstart Ford A campaign blaming Ford Motor Company on America's oil addiction, war, global warming, rainforest destruction, toxic waste and oil spills, human rights abuses, and air pollution. http://www.jumpstartford.org/

32. BIOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS TO CLEANING UP SPILLS Of FATS, GREASES, HYDROCARBONS, OILSP Supplies biological solutions to clearing up oil spills, bio remediation and cleaning of both porous and non porous hard surfaces. Also, both domestic and industrial effluent treatment including septic tanks. http://www.bio-sol.co.uk

Welcome to The Place for Biological Cleaning and Fuel Saving Solutions Biological Technology offers solvent free cleaning A new range of biological cleaners is available from Bio-Sol.co.uk Bio cleaners do not react the same way as the traditional cleaners that you have used before. In the concentrated form Bio-Sol cleaners contain dormant enzymes and surfactants. When diluted with water the enzymes "wake up" and look for grease or fat to digest. Bio-Sol products are NOT solvents or bleach and they work by breaking down the molecular structure that binds dirt to the support. The results are stunning. Bio-Sol Superclean Ideal for deep cleaning and daily maintenance. Bio-Sol Superclean is suitable for the safe removal of fats, grease, dirt and oils from all types of hard surfaces . Deepclean Bio-Sol Deepclean Floor Cleaner. A powerful non-foaming powder for porous floors. Bio-Sol Deepclean Floor Cleaner is suitable for removing oils, fats and greases by manual application or with scrubber dryers, rotary brush and injection extraction machines. Deepclean-HC Bio-Sol Deepclean for Hydrocarbons Heavy Duty Floor Cleaner Similar to Deepclean but can cope with a more severe situations such as the removal of used mineral and vegetable oils.

33. Water Monitoring System Offers monitoring systems to detect early indications of oil spills, bioterror, hazardous waste and algae blooms. http://www.genesisalert.com

Get Passwords Governments and agencies can now have water quality data, real-time to provide early warning of oil spills, pollution and many other environmental hazards with our water monitoring system . If your job is to monitor water quality, or other environmental aspects of rivers, lakes or oceans, the Genesis Alert System will save you time and money over manual sampling. Plus the system will can provide early warnings to potential danger at the first sign of a problem. Primarily developed for oil spill detection, tracking and reporting, the usage applications are unlimited and easily adaptable by selection of sensors to your specific needs. Uses include, but are not limited to: Algae Proliferation Monitoring For The Tampering Of Drinking Water With Toxins, Inline Monitoring For Bioterrorism, Heavy Metals, Air, Water Currents, Temperature, Wave Action

34. The O'Brien's Group: Welcome Emergency response team speciailizing in managing oil spills, fires, hazmat releases, natural disasters, and industrial accidents. http://www.theobriensgroup.com/

Let The Best Prepare You For The Worst We are The O'Brien's Group, the emergency response experts who bring the people resources , and experience you need when disaster strikes. We provide many levels of service and support, from advising your facility response team to emergency response management. With offices on all three coasts of the United States and response team members throughout the country, we stand ready to respond to your needs at a moment's notice. Put The O'Brien's Group Experts On Your Response Team Now It has happened to others. It could happen to you - a response so large, so complex that it exceeds your team's capabilities. You need someone to respond immediately and get the job done right. The O'Brien's Group is uniquely qualified to provide emergency response management services and act as a vital member of your emergency management team. These services include responding to oil spills and other emergencies, writing facility response and vessel response plans, conducting security assessments and writing security plans, planning and facilitating training exercises , conducting Incident Command System (ICS) or other readiness classes, and a wide range of

35. `Nature And Technology Combined In Superior Oil Sorbent Products´ Management of oil spills on land or water with biodegradable oil absorbing products like sorbents, booms, mats and emergency units and other equipment. http://clear-passage.com

Clear Passage Products L.P. 4801 Woodway, Suite 377W, Houston, TX 77056 email: info@clear-passage.com Phone: (713) 621-6486 Fax: (713) 621-6488 click the logo to enter

36. Sea Empress Oil Spill - The Oil Spill The oil spill. Over the years, a succession of oil spills has affected the waters of the Haven and the adjacent Pembrokeshire coast. http://www.swan.ac.uk/empress/oil/oil.htm

The oil spill The oil refining industry became established around Milford Haven during the early 1960's. The naturally deep waters provide berthage for even the largest crude oil supertankers. Over the years, a succession of oil spills has affected the waters of the Haven and the adjacent Pembrokeshire coast. The Sea Empress (14K JPEG image) incident caused what has been by far the largest oil spill in the region, involving the release of the order of 70,000 tonnes of North Sea light crude. She was first holed just outside the mouth of Milford Haven on 15th February, 1996. Further damage was sustained and more cargo released during the ensuing days. The vessel was recovered and towed into Milford Haven, still leaking oil, on the 21st February. Six weeks later the vessel was towed out of the region to a shipyard in Belfast. Satellite image (13K GIF image) taken at 0808 GMT on the 21st February 1996 of the South-West Wales coast during the height of the incident. The image is a 1km AVHRR image processed by the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) Satellite Receiving Station at Dundee University, and made available by the Regional Remote Sensing Centre, Geography Department, University of Wales Swansea. It is a composite of bands 2, 4 and 5 and shows a long streak of oil spreading eastwards along the coast towards Caldey Island. Note that the warmer water along the coastline further east towards the Gower Peninsula should not be misinterpreted as oil, even though it appears to be of a similar colour on this satellite image.

37. ThinkQuest : Library : Protecting The Home We Live In: Environmental Issues oil spills happen when people make mistakes or are careless and cause an oil tanker to leak oil into the ocean. What affects do oil spills have on animals? http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0215471/oil_spills.htm

Index Life Science Ecology Global Warming Protecting the Home We Live In: Environmental Issues Acid rain, global warming, and oil spills are some major environmental issues. If we know more about these issues, then we will know how to help protect humans and animals. Visit our website and learn more about protecting our Earth. Visit Site 2002 ThinkQuest USA Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site. Privacy Policy

38. Timeline Major Oil Spills CNN http://cnn.com/2002/WORLD/europe/11/19/oil.spill.timeline.reut/index.html

39. ThinkQuest : Library : The Environment: A Global Challenge The table above shows the largest oil spills on record since 1967. Most of the oil spills occurred in the late 1970s or early 1980s. http://library.thinkquest.org/26026/Statistics/largest_oil_spills.html

Index Earth Science The Environment: A Global Challenge "The Environment: A Global Challenge" is a comprehensive site providing information on many aspects of the environment. There are 400 articles in twelve content sections [ Current Events, Economics, Environmental Problems, Health Concerns, History, Organizations, Science, Statistics and World Outlook]. Articles are interlinked and multimedia and links to outside information often accompany the text. Integrated into each content section and spread out through various other sections are many interactive features, such as simulations, interviews, streaming multimedia, a scientific experimentation center, and systems for adding links and new content enable visitors to experience what they are learning about. Educators can easily and instantly involve their entire class in the site by creating accounts in our Classroom Connection database. Visit Site 1999 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Awards Platinum Languages English Students Michael Kantonsschule Pfdffikon/Nuolen, Pfaeffikon, Switzerland

40. Nearctica - Environment - Marine Pollution - Oil Spills Marine Pollution oil spills. Click Here. Special Segments. Understanding oil spills and Oil Spill Response. EPA Oil Spill Program. http://www.nearctica.com/environ/water/oilspill.htm

Marine Pollution- Oil Spills Special Segments Butterflies of North America Conifers of North America Eastern Birds List of N.A. Insects Home Eastern Wildflowers General Topics Natural History Ecology Family Environment Evolution Home Education Home Conservation Geophysics Paleontology Commercial Organizations Return to Marine Pollution Main Page Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response . EPA Oil Spill Program. A manual of basic information about oil spills in Adobe Acrobat (pdf) format. The manual contains chapters on the behavior of oil spills, the chemical and biological treatment of spilled oil, rescuing birds and mammals, preparing for oils spills, and responding to them. Highly recommended. Oil Spill Program . Environmental Protection Agency. A great site to learn just about everything you need to know about oil spills from the basic to the technical. Segments of the site include; reporting spills, preventing spills, responding to spills, laws and regulations, a learning center with basic information, and links to other oil-related web sites. Highly recommended. Oiled Wildlife Care Network . If you are interested in the rehabilitation of oil contaminated wildlife, this is the place to go. The parts of the site include a newsletter, training, research, and information of participants. Included, in particular, is an Adobe Acrobat manual on oil contaminated wildlife rehabilitation. Recommended.

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