21. Untitled Vertebrate Biology, Comparative animal physiology, Evolution, Marine Biology, Historyof Science, Introduction to oceanography, historical Geology, Remote http://oz.plymouth.edu/~lts/biography.html

Biographical Sketch LARRY THOMAS SPENCER EDUCATION M.L.S, University of California, Berkeley, California, 1975 Colorado Ph.D. Zoology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 1968 M.S. Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, 1965 B. S. Zoology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 1963 EXPERIENCE Professor Emeritus of Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Plymouth State University, 05/2003 to present time Sabbatical leave, Linconln University, Christchurch, New Zealand, 01/2003 - 05/2003 Sabbatical Leave, University of Colorado, Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research, Boulder, Colorado, 9/97 - 8/98 Chair, Natural Science Department 7/92 - 7/97 Sabbatical Leave, Independent Research, Suzhou, China 9/89 - 8/90 Visiting Professor, University of Hawaii 8/81 - 8/82 Professor of Biology, PSC 9/78 - present Sabbatical Leave, University of California, Berkeley 9/74 - 6/75 Instructor/Associate Professor of Biology, PSC 9/67 - 8/78 Teaching Areas/Interests General Biology, Invertebrate Biology, Vertebrate Biology, Comparative animal physiology, Evolution, Marine Biology, History of Science, Introduction to Oceanography, Historical Geology, Remote Sensing and GIS, Research Areas/Interests Aquatic Ecology (both fresh water and marine) Invertebrate ecology Applications of computers in science and science education Evolution, Darwin and Darwinism: Impacts

22. Oceanography maritime.haifa.ac.il/. historical oceanography This is a web site from HaifaUniversity featuring a time line of important developments in oceanography. http://oceanography.geol.ucsb.edu/~gs4/s2004/weekly_rdg/Week1.html

Index Course Diagram Syllabus Getting Started ... Science News Sources Week 1 reading assignment Reading should be completed prior to the lecture that will address the specified topic(s). Please complete the thought questions for each assignment, to test your comprehension. How to approach the reading assignments Objectives Links Thought Questions Course Outline Objectives: outline I.A: . History of Oceanography I.B: . Earth formation, Earth Interior (W) I.C: . Earth Interior (F) Some questions to help you focus your reading: History of Oceanography What were the oceanographic interests of historical peoples? Who, and how did the oceans get explored? What were the major questions that early explorers asked about the oceans? Remember: all ocean travel, in the past, was powered by wind, currents and oars. Origin of the Earth What is the "Big Bang" theory? How did the earth and its oceans form? Where did the water in the oceans come from? What might the early earth have been like? Navigation and Maps How did the early explorers (pre-GPS and even pre-compass) find their way around the oceans?

23. Archives Of The Scripps Institution Of Oceanography An Early Career in American Physical oceanography. historical Studiesin the Physical and Biological Sciences 202 (1990), pp. 265310. http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/archives/siohstry/mcewen-biog.html

home Services Moving Image Collection Timeline ... Other Sites George Francis McEwen Biography George F. McEwen in Stanford doctoral robes, 1911 click on photo to see it larger George Francis McEwen was born on June 16, 1882, in Manchester, Iowa, the son of John Freemont McEwen, a jeweler, and Lillian Dodson McEwen. McEwen attended Iowa State College in Ames from 1885 to 1900, and from 1902 to 1905, supporting his studies with occasional work in watch repair. He withdrew after a serious bout of pneumonia. In 1905, McEwen and his mother moved to San Diego, California, hoping to improve their health. McEwen's mother moved with him to Palo Alto where he attended Stanford University from 1906-1908. He received an A.B. degree in 1908 and a doctorate in physics in 1911. McEwen had a teaching fellowship at Stanford while working on his doctorate and served as Instructor in Applied Mathematics at Stanford from 1910-1911. He was appointed Instructor in Mathematics at the University of Illinois in 1911. McEwen was recruited by William E. Ritter

24. A Handlist Of Source Books On The History Of Oceanography McConnell, Anita. historical Instruments in oceanography Background to the oceanographyCollection at the Science Museum. (London HMSO, 1981), iv, 51. http://scilib.ucsd.edu/sio/archives/histoceanogr/mills-handlist.html

A Handlist of Source Books on the History of Oceanography Eric L. Mills This is an updated version of a paper first published in Earth Science History 12 (1993), 2-4. The reference books and monographs following have been selected to aid teachers and beginning students of the history of oceanography. The list is based on two principles, either that the publications are readily available in major libraries, or that they have not been superseded as sources of information. The periodical literature is not included because of its extent. A good source of information on journal articles published between 1913 and 1975 is the Isis cumulative bibliography (ed. M. Whitrow and J. Neu); it is added to annually by the Critical Bibliographies accompanying the journal Isis. 1. Basic Texts Deacon, Margaret. Scientists and the Sea 1650-1900: A Study of Marine Science. (Aldershot, Hampshire, Great Britain, Brookfield, Vermont: Ashgate, 2d ed., 1997), xl, 459. McConnell, Anita. No Sea Too Deep: The History of Oceanographic Instruments. (Bristol: A. Hilger, 1982), ix + 162. Mills, Eric L. Biological Oceanography: An Early History, 1870-1960. (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1989), xivii, 378.

25. MIT-WHOI Joint Program: Research: Chemical Oceanography tune thermocline lead models with historical surface ocean lead variability. Thisis just one small example of how the MIT Chemical oceanography Group uses http://web.mit.edu/mit-whoi/www/research/co/lead_emissions.html

Coral reconstruction of historical anthropogenic lead emissions Matthew Reuer, graduate student in Chemical Oceanography, now Hess Postdoctoral Fellow at Princeton University Human activities have greatly altered the natural geochemical cycles of several heavy metals, most notably lead derived from leaded gasoline and metal smelting emissions. Similar to the chlorofluorocarbons, radionuclides derived from atomic testing (tritium and radiocarbon), and carbon dioxide, the emission of anthropogenic lead represents an inadvertent, global-scale geochemical tracer experiment. One interest of the MIT Chemical Oceanography Group is to better understand anthropogenic lead in the world oceans, reflecting both the magnitude of anthropogenic emissions and its subsequent redistribution by the atmosphere and oceans. Luckily we have several useful tracers to address this problem, including seawater lead concentrations, stable lead isotopic ratios, and the unstable radionuclide lead-210. With seawater and proxy observations, we can better quantify the rates, sources, and transformation of this anthropogenic tracer. One recent application of this technique was the measurement of Pb/Ca and lead isotope ratios of the surface coral Diploria near the island of Bermuda. The annual bands of surface corals allow us to accurately date past variations in seawater lead concentrations and its isotopic composition (Figure 1). Such historical constraints are necessary for understanding how lead is distributed within North Atlantic water masses of different ages and placing current lead variability within a historical context.

26. Tuesday May 18, 2004 Astronomy And Telescopes Presents: ODP Search 1078690865 A Brief History of Marine Biology and oceanography historical overview of marinesciences from the bronze age to the 20th century, with images and a timeline http://www.kyes-world.com/Biology/bio_History.html

Sponsor This Site! 1078690865 3:21pm Tuesday May 18, 2004 the entire directory only in Biology/History Top Science Biology : History Categories: Genetics People See also: Science: Earth Sciences: Paleontology: History Society: History: By Topic: Science Sites: The Alfred Russel Wallace Page - Contains information about the English naturalist, including commentaries, full-text of some of his writings, and bibliographies. Biochemistry History - Short biographies of Biochemists Marshall Nirenberg, who cracked the genetic code, and Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins, discoverer of vitamins Bioexplorer: History of Biology - A collection of links covering history of biology. Biographies of Biologists - Alphabetical list of biologists' and paleontologists' biographies maintained by the University of California Museum of Paleontology. Biotech Chronicles - Variety of resources for teaching the history of biotechnology, including timelines, biographies, and stories. A Brief History of Marine Biology and Oceanography - Historical overview of marine sciences from the bronze age to the 20th century, with images and a timeline. Enter Evolution: Theory and History - Evolutionary topics and scientists in their historical context - from Museum of Paleontology, UC-Berkeley.

27. International Ice Patrol History Of International Ice Patrol oceanography. 50m historical Currents Model, 50mhistorical Currents Model (IIP Operational Area), 50m Currents Model Updated http://www.uscg.mil/lantarea/iip/General/ocean2.shtml

Home Links Staff/Unit Printer Friendly ... Text Version Search Go Reset Use Free-Text Query Tips for searching ... Junior Ice Picks International Ice Patrol Oceanography History Of International Ice Patrol Oceanography Iceberg drift and the interaction of the Gulf Stream and Labrador Current in the North Atlantic IIP Iceberg Detection Procedures IIP Iceberg Computer Model Description ... Latest FNMOC Sea Surface Temperature data International Ice Patrol Operational Oceanographic Products IIP's 50 Meter Currents Grids 50m Historical Currents Model 50m Historical Currents Model (IIP Operational Area) 50m Currents Model Updated with WOCE Buoy Information Ice Patrol Drifter Buoys Airborne eXpendable BathyThermograph (AXBT) AXBT: Airborne eXpendable BathyThermograph is an air-deployed, expendable, ocean temperature profiling probe. The AXBT consits of: a temperature probe, 300-1000 meters of cable, a VHF transmitter and antenna, and a salt water activated battery. After the AXBT hits the surface and stabilizes, the transmitter is activated and the temperature probe is released. The surface transmitter telemeters the falling probes temperature to the data system on the aircraft. The International Ice Patrol uses AXBT's to locate ocean currents which is the major force that controls the drift of icebergs, also AXBT's provide an accurate sea surface temperature which is used for iceberg deterioration in the iceberg prediction computer model.

28. The Society For Historical Archaeology - Futures In Historical Archaeology 3. Faculty in historical/Underwater Archaeology Bayman, James (Ph.D., ArizonaSt 1994; Assoc Prof (Ph.D., Harvard 1974; Prof oceanography) Hawaii, geology http://www.sha.org/Futures/gradscho/colhi-m.htm

Home News About Membership ... Employment Opportunities UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA Institution Name : University of Hawaii at Manoa Department Title : Marine Option Program Faculty in Historical/Underwater Archaeology Bayman, James (Ph.D., Arizona St 1994; Assoc Prof Anthropology) Anthropology, archaeology, Hawaii, North America, political economy, chiefdoms, craft production, artifact geochemistry Chapman, William (Ph.D., Oxford 1982; Assoc Prof Historic Preservation Program) Anthropology, historic preservation, Caribbean Graves, Michael (Ph.D., Arizona 1981; Prof Anthropology) Oceania, American Southwest, ethnoarchaeology, archaeological method and theory Griffin, P. Bion (Ph.D., Arizona 1969; Assoc Dean, College of Social Sciences) Anthropology and archaeology, hunter-gatherers, Indonesia, Philippines, Hawaii Hommon, Robert T. (Ph.D., Arizona 1976; Adj Researcher SOEST) Archaeology, Hawaii Hunt, Terry (Ph.D., Washington 1989; Assoc Prof Anthropology) Prehistory of Oceania, evolutionary theory, geoarchaeology and paleoenvironmental reconstruction, ceramics Kikuchi, William K. (Ph.D., Arizona 1973; Prof Anthropology) Anthropology, archaeology, Hawaiian fishponds, American Samoa

29. The Society For Historical Archaeology - Futures In Historical Archaeology 3. Faculty in historical/Underwater Archaeology Artzy, Michal (Ph.D., Brandeis1972 Staff Dan Kerem (Ph.D., Scripps Institute of oceanography 1979; Teaching http://www.sha.org/Futures/gradscho/colhaifa.htm

Home News About Membership ... Employment Opportunities UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA Institution Name : University of Haifa Department Title : Department of Maritime Civilizations Faculty in Historical/Underwater Archaeology Artzy, Michal (Ph.D., Brandeis 1972; Assoc Prof) Coastal archaeology Finkelstein, Gerard (Ph.D., Sorbonne, Paris 1993; Teaching Assoc) Archaeology and maritime history Kahanov, Ya’acov (Ph.D., Haifa 1997; Lecturer) Nautical archaeology Kashtan, Vadav (Ph.D., Université des Sciences Humaines, Strasbourg 1989; Teaching Assoc) Maritime history Khalilieh, Hassan (Ph.D., Princeton 1995; Lecturer) Maritime history (Muslim, medieval) Marcus, Ezra (Ph.D., Oxford 1998; Lecturer) Coastal archaeology Raban, Avner (Ph.D., Hebrew Jerusalem 1981; Prof) Underwater archaeology Shalev, Sariel (Ph.D., Phone Aviv 1993; Senior Lecturer) Archaeometallurgy Zohar, Irit (M.A., Haifa 1994; Teaching Assoc) Archaeozoology Other Related Faculty/Staff Dan Kerem (Ph.D., Scripps Institute of Oceanography 1979; Teaching Assoc) diving psychology; Dorit Sivian (Ph.D., Hebrew Jerusalem 1996; Lecturer) coastal geology;

30. MAR 151 Chapter 1 oceanography what is it? historical review of oceanography - Currentand future oceanographic research. historical Review of oceanography. http://www.marine.usm.edu/mar151/MAR_151_Chap_1.html

MAR 151 Instructors Dr. Paula Bontempi, Biological Oceanography Department of Marine Science Academics Course Offerings MAR 151 Syllabus ... MAR 151 GP Syllabus MAR 151 Introduction to Ocean Science La Nina Used To Predict Floods - 1:06 AM ET January 6, 2000, LOS ANGELES (AP) - Rivers in the Northwest and along the East Coast are likely to rise beyond normal levels in the next six months, according to the first predictions based on the current La Nina cooling of the Pacific Ocean. Course Learning Objectives - to develop an appreciation for the oceans - to understand what goes on there and how it affects us - to understand what oceanographers do and why - to learn what we do and don't know Logistics of the Course Philosophy: - learn, don't memorize - appreciate the oceans and how we depend on them - apply knowledge to current events and everyday life The book: - More detail than we need; don't get bogged down

31. Royal Meteorological Society - History Of Meteorology And Physical Oceanography Neumann (19151993) on the relationship between weather and historical events. Groupfor the History of Meteorology and Physical oceanography (or delegated sub http://www.royal-met-soc.org.uk/hisgroup.html

President: Dr H Cattle History of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography Special Interest Group History Group newsletter - 2004 Issue 1. History Group newsletter - 2004 Issue 2. The History Group was formed in 1983 and now has 90 members. Anyone interested in the history of meteorology and /or physical oceanography, amateur or professional, is very welcome to join. It is a very active group, run by a committee of 12, including a representative of the Challenger Society for Marine Science (Dr Margaret Deacon). Three meetings are held each year - the AGM in March, a summer meeting/visit, and an autumn one in October. Usually, these are held on Wednesdays or Saturdays, at appropriate venues for the meeting theme, and the Group has occasionally joined in organizing Society meetings. For the Group's summer meeting, a visit is made to a place of interest not only to the Group's members but also to their spouses. Recent venues include Kew Gardens (with meteorological observations in the London area the theme), the Museum of Army Aviation, Middle Wallop, and the RAF Museum, Hendon, for meteorology in the services, and the Old Royal Observatory, Greenwich. Some Group meetings are held jointly with other organizations. In 2000, the 150th anniversary of the founding of the Society in nearly its present form was commemorated at the Royal Society, with the cooperation of the Royal Astronomical Society and others. The Group is currently encouraging joint meetings with other specialist Groups of the Society.

32. Royal Meteorological Society - History Of Meteorology And Physical Oceanography for the History of Meteorology and Physical oceanography; Occasional Papers on TempusPublishing Ltd.; 2000; Pp.224 Some historical meteorology illustrations http://www.royal-met-soc.org.uk/history_news.html

President: Dr H Cattle History of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography Specialist Group Newsletter 1/2001 NEWS FROM THE CHAIR First a good New Year and happy new millennium to those who count from one. We have had one meeting since the last Newsletter. This was to the Met office Archive at Bracknell. A separate report is elsewhere. I was rather disappointed by the numbers. In addition to Committee members there were only five other people. I do so hope that this isn't a sign of things to come. How many of YOU are considering a visit to Cambridge in March? Our Secretary has put much time and effort into this trip. Not only will it be the AGM, but also should be an interesting pilgrimage for those interested in the history of some fairly important meteorologists. I am hoping that our Summer Meeting will be at the RAF Museum Hendon. This will be very expensive as it costs in excess of £200 to hire a meeting room. This will be a large drain on our expenses, especially if only a few people make the effort to visit north London. Mick Wood Committee News Committee met 8 January 2001;

33. North Hennepin Community College - Geology (3 hours lecture, 3 hours lab). Geol 1120, historical Geology (Goal3 10), 4 Credits. Geol 1850, oceanography (Goal 3 10), 3 Credits. http://www.nhcc.edu/catalog/courses/geology.htm

This page has been moved. Click here for the correct URL (http://www.nhcc.edu/catalog). This page has been moved. Click here for the correct URL (http://www.nhcc.edu/catalog).

34. ClayGate 551 : Geology ; Oceanography ; Hydrology Geology research Geomorphology Geysers Glaciology historical geology Hydrography Asia Australia - Europe - North America oceanography - Australia Oceans http://library.bendigo.latrobe.edu.au/irs/webcat/551.htm

551 - Geology ; Oceanography ; Hydrology DDC Caves Deserts Drought Earthquakes ... 550 : Earth sciences The Dewey Decimal Classification is © 1996-2000 OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Incorporated . Used with Permission. Geology, hydrology, meteorology About.com : Geology AGRIFOR : Geology, hydrology, meteorology AskERIC : Geology BUBL Link : Geological Surveys ... The Glossarist Directory : Geology Geology Organizations BUBL Link : Geology Societies Geoscience Societies (Mainz Geoscience Institute) BUBL Link : Geology Education Victoria University of Wellington. School of Earth Sciences University of Newcastle. Discipline of Geology Links ... Surfing the Internet for Earthquake Data (by Steve Malone) United States Geological Survey : Earthquake Information Links Yarra Plenty Regional Library : Earthquakes Illinois State Academy of Science : Seismic Intensity Scales ... Oceans: Our need to Know (CSIRO Marine Research) OzSearch : Oceanography Lincoln Marine Science Centre Links University of Canterbury Library : Submarine Volcanoes, Ridges, and Vents ... CIA World Fact Book : Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean CIA World Fact Book : Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean CIA World Fact Book : Indian Ocean CIA World Fact Book : Arctic Ocean GLACIER : Oceans Ocean World : Currents Waves Ocean World : Waves BUBL Link : Tsunami Ask the Astronomer : Lunar Tides National Atlas of Canada : Tides ... National Tidal Facility, Australia

35. Oceanography Web Sites For Students And Teachers Study Web for oceanography contains numerous and useful annotated lists of web resources,including historical oceanography, oceanography news, technology for http://www.winona.msus.edu/geology/oceanography/links/

Annotated Index of Oceanography Web Sites for Students and Teachers Oceanography course web pages University of California Santa Barbara, Introductory oceanography course, William Prothero of special interest are the "questions of the day" - acrobat reader required to access University of California San Diego, Introductory Oceanography course, Timothy Heaton you will find the practice exams useful, as well as the outlines of topics in oceanography lecutre notes are provide for topics in introductory oceanography, together with "cool" web sites for each topic this web site is for a more advanced course in physical oceanography, but it has some basic as well as challenging review questions that should stimulate thought. There is also a good list of additional web sites for more resources. Kent State University, Introductory Oceanography course - A.J. Smith review questions are useful, together with list of web sites. Of special interest is a checklist you can use to evalutate the worth of internet resource material University of Houston, Introductory Oceanography course - Rosalie Maddox

36. Fisheries Historical Timeline Spring surveys are added in 1968. Groundbreaking ceremony is heldfor the new BCF Fisheryoceanography Center in La Jolla. Calif. http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/history/timeline/1960.html

Skipover Historical Highlights 1960's A newly recruited team of biologists, histologists, and parasitologists begin a long-term study of diseases, including MSX, of molluscs at the Oxford Laboratory. The nation's first saltwater sport fish lab is established by BSFW at Sandy Hook, NJ. Dr. Lionel Walford is its first director. The Boston Technology Lab is moved to Gloucester. Seattle Technological Laboratory Research at the BCF Seattle Technological Laboratory on composition and taste of various sharks finds wide variability in palatability between shark species. The Bureau s northern fur seal and whale research studies are combined in Seattle and designated as the Marine Mammal Biological Laboratory. The Auke Bay Laboratory near Juneau opens to house the Alaska fisheries research programs. The Pacific Northwest trawl fleet begins catching bottom fish off Washington on grounds newly discovered by the BCF research vessel John M Cobb. In February, the Honolulu Biological Laboratory makes the first successful transfer of skipjack tuna from the sea to a holding pool ashore; it is the first time that oceanic skipjack have been held for more than a few hours or have been induced to feed. In addition, albacore, bigeye, and bluefin tuna larvae, previously unknown, are tentatively identified, opening the way for studies of their seasonal and geographical distribution and abundance throughout the Pacific. The Galveston Biological Laboratory announces significant advances in identifing specific penaeid shnmp larvae; early larvae derived from known parents were obtained for three species and comparable results are anticipated for several other species.

37. Fisheries Historical Timeline Scripps Tuna oceanography Research (STOR), composed of Scripps Institution of oceanography(SIO) oceanographers and largely supported by BCF, is established in http://www.nefsc.noaa.gov/history/timeline/1950.html

Skipover Historical Highlights 1950's The International Commission for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries (ICNAF), a treaty organization, is set up on July 3rd to study and report on fisheries activities and fish stocks in more than two million square miles of ocean outside the territorial waters of the nations rimming the northwest Atlantic. Research activities for areas of U.S interest are largely headquartered at the Woods Hole Laboratory The Tuna Conventions Act of 1950 is passed to enforce international agreements on fishing rights, fishery management, and preservation. The CCRL establishes a field station at Pt. Loma in San Diego, Calif., for CalCOFI ichthyoplankton work. Columbia River research is focused almost exclusively on problems of fish passage at dams, especially in the diversion of downstream migrants away from turbine intakes and other sources of mortality. A sixth regional fisheries office is established in Alaska to facilitate administration of the Territory's fisheries. RV John N. Cobb

38. LDEO Event - Conference (Single Day): Phys. Oceanography Seminar 03/31/2003 oceanography Seminar historical chronologies of El Nino events in light of instrumentaland proxy data Alexey Kaplan, (LDEO) historical chronologies of El Nino http://webcenter.ldeo.columbia.edu:81/LDEOEvents.nsf/0/19c7387aabf87a4d85256cf30

39. Introduction To Oceanography Chapter 2 Observations are essential for oceanography, yet observations are expensive becauseship of experiments may not fit well within an historical chapter, perhaps http://www.earthscape.org/r3/stewart/stewart12.html

40. Heaton: Oceanography Course This is a broad introductory course on oceanography and covers the historical,geological, chemical, meteorological, and biological aspects of the earth s http://www.usd.edu/esci/ocean/

OCEANOGRAPHY 401/501 Professor Timothy H. Heaton This is a broad introductory course on oceanography and covers the historical, geological, chemical, meteorological, and biological aspects of the earth's oceans. There are no course prerequisites, but any background in the physical and biological sciences is helpful. The course follows the textbook quite closely, though there are several supplementary handouts (see below). Unfortunately there are no class field trips. :-) This course is taught in the Spring semester of odd-numbered years. It will next be taught in the Spring semester of 2005. Below are links to course handouts and other sites and helps. Course syllabus Geographic Features of the Earth Ocean provinces Atmospheric circulation ... Starship Voyage Dr. Heaton's Practice Exams Prologue Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 ... *** Send your comments to the instructor *** You are the 9,126th visitor to this site since September 10, 1997. Timothy H. Heaton: E-mail Home page , Phone (605) 677-6122, FAX (605) 677-6121

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