21. Ancient African Civilizations Ancient Africa While Egypt may be discussed, and most ancient nubia sometimes mentioned, littleis known of the many other states that have contributed to African history. http://www.archaeolink.com/ancient_african_civilizations.htm

Ancient Africa Home African Archaeology African Anthropology Other Ancient Civilizations Ancient Africa Aztec ByzantineEmpire Cambodia ... Viet Nam 1992 Nubian Exhibition Here you will find general information about ancient Nubia based on the Nubian Exhibition at the University of Chicago - photos - From University of chicago - http://www-oi.uchicago.edu/OI/PROJ/NUB/NUBX92/NUBX92_brochure.html Ancient Africa in the Electronic Passport A good introduction to ancient African civilization including excellent links. - illustrated - From Mr. Dowling's Electronic Passport - http://www.mrdowling.com/609ancafr.html Ancient History Sourcebook: Accounts of Ancient Mauretania Accounts of the ancient African civilization of Mauretania written by three ancient historians Herodotus, Strabo, and Procopius of Caesarea. - From Ancient History Sourcebook - http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/ancient/anc-nafrica.html The Ancient Nok in the Electronic Passport Here is a brief overview of the Nok, one of ancient Africa's lesser known ancient civilizations. Lots of good links to related material. - photos - From Mr. Dowling's Electronic Passport - http://www.mrdowling.com/609-nok.html

22. Daily Life Ancient Egypt Information, games, and history. Mysteries of Egypt Learn about ancient Egyptiangovernment, daily life nubia - ancient nubia and the Kingdom of Kush. http://members.aol.com/bkdonnclass/Egyptlife.html

Daily Life in Ancient Egypt Do you know what the ancient Egyptians believed would cure a toothache? Find out here! Read some Egyptian Tall Tales , and an original story about Ancient Egyptian Daily Life . Explore " Deep in the Tombs of Egypt" , where you can watch a short movie about mummies, learn to draw like an Egyptian, share Rosetta Stone's Pharaoh Adventure, and more! If you're in a hurry, use the cheat sheet to find just what you need! Welcome to Ancient Egypt! CHEAT SHEET Introduction Interesting Trivia Egyptian Tall Tales My Life in Ancient Egypt ... ANCIENT EGYPT We're published! Please take a look at the Mr Donn and Maxie Series of Educational Materials for Social Studies Teachers! Each unit includes complete lesson plans and creative activities to keep your students busy and productive for weeks. Have a great year! INTRODUCTION The ancient Egyptians were fascinating people, and thanks to the movies, are often misunderstood. The ancient Egyptians were not in love with death, but with life! They enjoyed their life to the fullest. They worked very hard, but saved time to enjoy family, friends, music, parties, swimming, fishing, hunting, sailing, and especially their children, all of which were very important to the ancient Egyptians. They believed in an afterlife, and believed that people enjoyed many of the same activities in their afterlife as they did in their current life. They prepared for their afterlife by filling their tombs with small and large statutes of friends and family, and with other items they might need to keep them company and to help them have a good time in their afterlife!

23. Travel In Aswan - Egypt - Middle East - History - WorldTravelGate.net®- Very brief history of Aswan (ancient Swen) and its role in Egypt as the gateway to nubia and Africa. http://www.mideasttravelling.net/egypt/aswan/aswan_history.htm

Aswan - H istory Click To Go Back

24. Nubian.net An introduction to many aspects of nubia and its peoples; of particular interest are Chronology of ancient nubia, a timeline; several articles on the history of ancient nubia; and galleries of images of historical sites and artifacts. http://www.thenubian.net/index.html

25. African History On The Internet - Kingdoms And Ancient Civilizations and history by Bruce Williams. Vanished Kingdomsof the Nile, The Rediscovery of ancient nubia, 1992 Exhibition....... Exhibition. http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/history/hisking.html

Topics History : Kingdoms / Ancient Civilizations Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home See also: History Chronologies African Indigenous Knowledge Systems Dr. Gloria Emeagwali, Professor of History, Central Connecticut State University, provides citations to books and links to web sites relating to the, "Background History of Africa, African Food Processing Techniques, African Textile Techniques, African Metallurgy, Colonialism and Africa's Technology, and Mathematics in pre-colonial Hausaland, West Africa. http://www.africahistory.net African Mathematical Union. Commission on the History of Mathematics in Africa Includes issues of their newsletter, articles on " The Ancients ", pages on mathematics in Ghana, Namibia, Nigeria Zambia, Zimbabwe, profiles of African mathematicians. The newsletter has bibliographies and web sites. Maintained by Scott W. Williams, Professor, Mathematics Dept., State Univ. of New York at Buffalo. [KF] http://www.math.buffalo.edu/mad/AMU/amuchma_online.html African Timelines http://www.cocc.edu/cagatucci/classes/hum211/timelines/htimelinetoc.htm

26. Nubia Africa Ancient By Time Period History ancient nubia An overview of nubian geography and topography, climate and naturalresources, and the history of ancient nubia and its relationship with Egypt http://history.designerz.com/by-time-period-ancient-africa-nubia.php

History Map.Designerz.com Weather Science.Designerz.com Education.Designerz.com ... History News Channels Visited Clear Featured Links Web Hosting Domain Names Create a Web Site Keyword Analyzer ... Sign up for our mailing list Keyword Title Author History By Time Period Ancient Africa ... History A comprehensive resource on By Time Period Ancient Africa Nubia Show History (By Time Period Ancient Africa Nubia) content on your web site Reach History (By Time Period Ancient Africa Nubia) Audience Save on By Time Period Ancient Africa Nubia books, magazines and software See which By Time Period Ancient Africa Nubia domain names are available Search By Time Period Ancient Africa Nubia on other search engines Press Releases, Stories and Articles on By Time Period Ancient Africa Nubia View all press releases Submit your press release View all articles Submit your article Featured Results (opens in a new window) Nubia Museum Provides brief information on the background, objective, description, and inauguration of the Nubia Museum, in the context of its ties to UNESCO; from the UNESCO Cairo Office. Rate Nubia Museum Nubia Map and very detailed, illustrated, article on the history of Nubia, credited to Encyclopedia Britannica.

27. Ancient History Resources Herodotus on Egypt. history of ancient Egypt. Giza, Egypt Radar Imagefrom NASA. nubia Its glory and its people 1987 Exhibition. http://www.historesearch.com/ancient.html

Last updated: 7/11/03 If you wish to submit an historically based website or find a dead link, please e-mail us! All submitted links are reviewed for quality of academic content. You are currently at topics: A - E Go to topics F - Z Other Resources Pages Archaeology WebSites Antiquity Online Guide to Ancient History AncientHistory - K-12 ARCHAEOLOGY ... Classics and Mediterranean Archaeology Ancient History Link Pages Anglo-Saxon History History Link 101.com Ancient History Classics and Mediterranean Archaeology Home Page ... Angelcynn - Anglo-Saxon History 400-900AD Australia Australian History Australian History on the Internet Australian History Online.com Byzantium Byzantine Empire The Byzantine Empire ByzNet Byzantine Studies on the Net Carthage Himilco Hanno The Crusades The Crusades The Crusaders The Crusades The First Crusade ... Medieval Sourcebook: The Crusades Druids Ancient Megaliths Druids Celtic and Druidic Practices Celtic Britain Egypt ABZU Regional Index: EGYPT Life in Ancient Egypt Mark Millmore's Ancient Egypt Guardian's Egypt ... WadiNatrun (Egypt) Do you need to read more about Ancient history?

28. Royalty.nu -- Royalty In Africa - Kings And Queens Of Ancient Nubia of Sinnar and Dar Fur, the Mahdiya, and the history of Islam Sudan ancient Kingdomsof the Nile edited by Dietrich Wildung, translated More Books About nubia. http://www.royalty.nu/Africa/Nubia.html

Royalty.nu World Royalty African Royalty > Nubia > Books About Nubia Search Nubian Royalty The ancient region of Nubia was located in northeast Africa, in what is now southern Egypt and northern Sudan. The first group of Nubian people that we know much about, called the A-Group by archaeologists, lived around 3500 BC, but there is evidence of civilization in Nubia as far back as 8000 BC. Because Nubians were great archers, the Egyptians called Nubia "Ta-Seti," or Land of the Bow. The name Nubia came into use in the Middle Ages. Although it was a hot, dry land, ancient Nubia was a treasure trove of gold, ivory, stone, and other riches, and therefore a tempting target to foreign rulers. At times Egypt ruled Nubia; at other times, various Nubian kingdoms flourished. The great kingdom of Kush (or Cush) was located in south Nubia. The ancient Greeks called it Ethiopia. In the 8th century BC, Kush led by King Piankhi (or Piye) and later his brother and successor King Shabaka conquered Egypt. These Kushite kings founded Egypt's 25th ruling dynasty. After Shabaka died, Piankhi's son Shebitku became pharaoh; he was succeeded by his brother Taharqa. But the Nubian Dynasty's reign in Egypt proved to be short-lived. In the middle of the 7th century BC, Taharqa was driven out of Egypt by the Assyrians. He and his cousin Tanutamon, who succeeded Taharqa as king of Kush, tried but failed to regain the Egyptian throne.

29. UT - MENIC: Countries And Regions: Sudan: Arts And Humanities: History: Ancient Arts and Humanities history ancient history Archaeology. Accounts of Meroe,Kush, and Axum; ancient Africa s Black Kingdoms; ancient nubia Egypt s Rival in http://inic.utexas.edu/menic/Countries_and_Regions/Sudan/Arts_and_Humanities/His

Site Index F.A.Q. Search the Site Suggest a Link ... History Ancient History Archaeology Accounts of Meroe, Kush, and Axum Ancient Africa's Black Kingdoms Ancient Nubia: Egypt's Rival in Africa ... The University of Texas at Austin

30. UT - MENIC: Countries And Regions: Sudan: Arts And Humanities: History: Ancient ancient history. Archaeology. Accounts of Meroe, Kush, and Axum; ancient Africa sBlack Kingdoms; ancient Sudan Kingdom of Kush at Meroe; Kingdom of Kush; nubia; http://inic.utexas.edu/menic/Countries_and_Regions/Sudan/Arts_and_Humanities/His

Site Index F.A.Q. Search the Site Suggest a Link ... History Ancient History Archaeology Accounts of Meroe, Kush, and Axum Ancient Africa's Black Kingdoms Ancient Sudan: Kingdom of Kush at Meroe ... ThinkQuest: Ancient Nubia Search WWW Search MENIC Center for Middle Eastern Studies The University of Texas at Austin

31. Ancient Nubia -- Courtesy Of Return To Glory... Huge ancient Egyptian Photo Gallery }}}}} More Resources Below seeing Rome edgeinto lower nubia, attacked and have left few clues and no written history. http://www.freemaninstitute.com/Gallery/nubia.htm

Ancient Nubia Site Map Open Letter Dr. Freeman The Institute ... Huge Ancient Egyptian Photo Gallery THE 1st NUBIAN AGE: 3100 -1000 BC 1550 - 590 BC NAPATAN PERIOD: 590-300 BC In 591 BC, Egypt invaded Kush and Napata was captured and the Kushite king transferred the capital to Meroe, near the sixth cataract creating greater distance between Kush and Egypt. When Persia invaded Egypt at about 525 BC, they stopped at Kush's northern border. Owing to the distance of Meroe to the Northern border, and that Kush posed little threat to the Persians, Kush remained relatively peaceful during this time. However, Napata remained the religious center and royal cemetery of Kush until about 300 when the royal burial site was moved to Meroe, as well, bringing an end to the Napatan Period. TRANSITIONAL PERIOD: 300 - 270 BC While the rulers of Kush were no longer buried at Napata, they still kept allegiance to the Temple of Amon, gradually making the transition to Meroe and the worship of the Kushite god Apedemak.

32. CyberSleuthkids: Ancient Middle East - Nubia byu.edu/ipt/projects/egypt/nubia.html; nubia history of Hathor s worship in AncientEgypt, mythology, hymns, archaeological sites http //hethert.org/nubia.html; http://cybersleuth-kids.com/sleuth/History/Ancient_Civilizations/Ancient_Middle_

Home Fun and Games Science Math ... Civilizations CLASSROOM CLIPART Science Pictures and more..... Need clipart, a photograph or illustration for your school project. Classroomclipart.com , is a new educational image search engine with many different subjects, created especially for you. Coming Soon Subject Themes Ancient Civilizations Ancient Middle East Akkadia Babylonia ... Ancient Rome Search: Home History Ancient Civilizations Ancient Middle East Nubia SEARCH RESULTS 1 - 8 of 8 Ancient Civilizations Clipart http: //classroomclipart.com/cgi-bin/kids/imageFoli... Ancient Nupia http: //library.thinkquest.org/22845/ Ancient Nupia http: //umich.edu/~kelseydb/Exhibits/AncientNub... Ancient Nupia http: //library.thinkquest.org/22845/resources/gall... NUBIA http: //byu.edu/ipt/projects/egypt/Nubia.html

33. BBC - History - Ancient Egypt Timeline . Egyptian empire in Near East and nubia; Elaborate tombs of the Valley of The datesare calculated from ancient lists, especially the Turin royal papyrus, and http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/timeline.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index FRIDAY 11th June 2004 Text only BBC Homepage History Topics ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Ancient Egypt Timeline By Dr John Baines Years Periods / Dynasties Main events 3100-2950 BC Late Predynastic Period Earliest known hieroglyphic writing Foundation of the Egyptian state 2950-2575 BC Early Dynastic Period (1st-3rd Dynasties) Creation of the capital city of Memphis Intensive contact with Palestine The first pyramid is built - the Step Pyramid at Saqqara 2575-2150 BC Old Kingdom (4th-8th Dynasties) The Great Pyramids are built at Dahshur and Giza Pyramids and elite tombs include the first extensive inscriptions 2125-1975 BC 1st Intermediate Period (9th-11th Dynasties) Egypt splits into two smaller states, ruled from Memphis in the north and Thebes in the south 1975-1640 BC Middle Kingdom (11th-14th Dynasties) Mentuhotep reunites Egypt Amenemhat I founds a new royal residence near Memphis Egypt conquers Lower Nubia under Senwosret I and III Classical period of art and literature 1630- 1520 BC 2nd Intermediate Period (15th-17th Dynasties) Hyksos kings seize power in the north Theban 17th dynasty in the south 1539-1075 BC New Kingdom (18th-20th Dynasties) Egyptian empire in Near East and Nubia Elaborate tombs of the Valley of Kings Rule of woman pharaoh Hatshepsut King Akhenaten attempts to introduce a monotheistic religion Brief reign of Tutankhamun Ramesses II rules for 67 years 1075-715 BC 3rd Intermediate Period (21st-25th Dynasties) Disunity and Libyan settlement in Egypt

34. BBC - History - Mummy's Ruin? Health Hazards And Cures In Ancient Egypt Books. Disease (in ancient Egypt and nubia) by Joyce Filer (British Museum Press,1995). Health in ancient Egypt by Joyce M Filer (Duckworth, forthcoming). http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/health_06.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index FRIDAY 11th June 2004 Text only BBC Homepage History Topics ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Mummy's Ruin? Health Hazards and Cures in Ancient Egypt By Joyce M Filer Page 6 of 6 1. The environment 2. Life stages 3. Evidence on bones 4. Injury ... Print entire article Find out more Books Disease (in Ancient Egypt and Nubia) by Joyce Filer (British Museum Press, 1995) Health in Ancient Egypt by Joyce M Filer (Duckworth, forthcoming) 'Material Harm: Ancient Egypt and Nubia as a Source of Information for Violent Cranial Injuries', in Archaeological Studies of War and Violence edited by John Carman (Cruithne Press, 1997) 'Hygiene' by Joyce Filer, in Oxford Encyclopaedia of Ancient Egypt (Oxford University Press) Links Minnesota State University: Daily Life in Ancient Egypt The site contains cures for diarrhoea, indigestion and burns. Indiana University: Medicine in Ancient Egypt The site focuses on medical Papyri, the artistic representation of disease and the study of human remains, both skeletal and soft tissue. The Egypt Exploration Society : The Society was founded in 1882 to fund and mount archaeological expeditions to Egypt, and to publish the results. This work continues today at sites such as Amarna, Memphis and Qasr Ibrim in Egyptian Nubia, and is published in full in a series of monographs, the annual

35. Ancient Egypt Egyptian history and Peoples Egyptian Prehistory The Two Lands The Archaic Period,3100 Egypt 332 BC295 AD nubia nubia and Egypt ancient nubia PYRAMIDS, TOMBS http://www.teacheroz.com/egypt.htm

Ancient Egypt SITE LAST UPDATED 6/3/04 COMPREHENSIVE SITES Includes info on many different topics relating to Ancient Egypt NM's Creative Impulse..Egypt has info on all things Egyptian!!! Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Main Page The House of Ptolemy: Index Page The History of Ancient Egypt PBS - Egypt's Golden Empire ... The Amazing Ancient World - Premier Ancient Civilization Internet Book - for tons of links, just scroll down to the Egypt Section! EAWC: Ancient Egypt Guardian's Web - Main Gate alternate site Virtual Egypt - Take a Journey Back in Time! ... egyptworld.com - egyptian merchandise internet superstore TIMELINE OF ANCIENT EGYPT EAWC Chronology: Egypt Timeline of Ancient Egypt History Timeline of Ancient Egypt Egyptian Timeline ... Civilization.ca - Egyptian civilization - Chronology IN A NUTSHELL.. Egyptian History and Peoples Egyptian Prehistory The Two Lands: The Archaic Period, 3100-2650 B.C. The Old Kingdom: 2650-2134 B.C. ... Ptolmenaic and Roman Egypt: 332 B.C.-295 A.D. NUBIA Nubia and Egypt Ancient Nubia If you are looking some super pictures for your report or webpage, you have to visit Welcome to Neferchichi's Tomb at neferchichi.com

36. ProTeacher! Ancient History Lesson Plans For Elementary School Teachers In Grade ancient nubia Students explore the accuracy of primary source accounts of what Mr.Donn s ancient history - Links to lesson plans and activities for teaching http://www.proteacher.com/090089.shtml

Quick Jump to.. BUSYBOARD PRIMARY K-3 GRADES 4-6 THE VENT ARCHIVE MAIN INDEX Child Dev. Class Mgt Humanities Mathematics Reading LA Soc Studies Science T Supplies Teaching P Classroom Library HELP! Grades 4-6 ] 5 Replies Community Service Project BusyBoard ] 4 Replies How do you integrate socst/science and use reading basal? Primary Themes ] 4 Replies Book sets for Science Primary Themes ] 4 Replies New Student - a bit long The VENT ] 4 Replies Computer grading program The VENT ] 4 Replies How to teach cross curricular Grades 4-6 ] 4 Replies swearing BusyBoard ] 3 Replies I would like to participate BusyBoard ] 3 Replies Teaching K-3 class Primary Themes ] 3 Replies What do you want? Primary Themes ] 3 Replies Navajo The VENT ] 3 Replies Classroom design Grades 4-6 ] 3 Replies public education issues Grades 4-6 ] 3 Replies Reading First BusyBoard ] 2 Replies crazy week BusyBoard ] 2 Replies MOOSE binder BusyBoard ] 2 Replies ice cream bucket uses BusyBoard ] 2 Replies Free materials!! BusyBoard ] 2 Replies Having a student teacher... Primary Themes ] 2 Replies Social Studies History World History Ancient Civilizations Ancient Egypt Ancient Americas Mesopotamia Ancient Greece ... Teaching Grades 4-6 - Join us for a friendly exchange of ideas! Teachers in grades 4-6 are encouraged to listen in and get involved! Meet fellow teachers from across the country in our five intermediate and middle grade forums! Free!

37. EduNETConnect.com - Learning Categories - ancient history. Atapuerca, Human Heritage Site. Atapuerca, HumanHeritage Site , a Scottish Egyptology. ancient nubia. This site is http://www.edunetconnect.com/categories/topic.php?topic=13&category=3

38. ART HISTORY RESOURCES: Part 3 Ancient Egypt Philae (Now on Agilika Island) nubia; The Pyramid Tomb Designations; Anatomy ofa Tomb ancient Designations; Decorating the Tombs. history of the Valley of the http://witcombe.sbc.edu/ARTHegypt.html

Part 3 Ancient Egypt Last modified: February 17, 2004 THIS PAGE Ancient Art: General Ancient Egypt SITE INDEX Contents Page Prehistoric Art Ancient Near East ANCIENT EGYPT Ancient Greece Ancient Rome Art in Early Europe Art of the Middle Ages ... Research Resources These pages are maintained by Chris Witcombe , Professor of Art History at Sweet Briar College , Virginia 24595 USA (phone: 434-381-6194 / fax: 434-381-6173). If you have any comments, or suggestions for additional links, or know of other interesting sites, please let me know: witcombe@sbc.edu Online since October 24, 1995 Looking for an artist? Recommended site ANCIENT ART: General Top of page Timelines of Art History: The World (BC/BCE) (Mike Gunther), with a link to Resources For Ancient Egypt Cleopatra: A Multimedia Guide to the Ancient World : Egypt, Greece, and Italy (The Art Institute of Chicago), with a Timeline Glossary , and Maps Forum Antiquum : Ancient World Internet Resources (Eric Kondratieff), with a link to: Egypt (Neolithic to Coptic) and North Africa Ancient Art (at The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art , Kansas City, Missouri) Ancient Art in the collection of the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco Ancient Art in the collection of the Allen Memorial Art Museum , Oberlin, Ohio Ancient and Islamic Art in the collection of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art Art from Egypt and Western Asia in the collection of the Tokyo National Museum The Seven Wonders of the Ancient World , with links to: The Great Pyramid of Giza The Hanging Gardens of Babylon The Statue of Zeus at Olympia The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus ... The Lighthouse of Alexandria EGYPT

39. Life In Ancient Egypt Online Resources for ancient Egyptian history. Bibliography of Sources for FurtherStudy. Adams, William. nubia Corridor to Africa. Princeton, 1977. http://www.watson.org/~leigh/egypt.html

An online resource for students by Leigh T. Denault "Think of it, soldiers; from the summit of these pyramids, forty centuries look down upon you." Napoleon I 1769-1821: speech, 21 July 1798, before the Battle of the Pyramids Table of Contents: An Introduction to Ancient Egyptian History Egyptian Gods, Goddesses, and Mythology About Hieroglyphics The Hieroglyphic Phonetic Alphabet ... Bibliography of Sources for Further Study An Introduction to Ancient Egyptian History Life in ancient Egypt was centered largely on agriculture. The majority of the people were involved in farming, and the growing season lasted eight-nine months. Wheat, fruits and vegetables were the principal crops, although there was some pastoral farming of cattle, sheep, or goats. Farmers in ancient Egypt worked to reach a level of subsistence so that they could feed themselves and pay their taxes. During the annual flooding of the Nile, which typically lasted from July through November, farming was impossible. But when the waters receded, a thick layer of fertile silt over the farmlands remained to insure rich soil for their crops and thick grasses for their grazing animals. The country of Egypt consisted of two narrow strips of arable land lining either bank of the river Nile, from Aswan to the northern Delta. Just beyond the farmlands lay enormous deserts. The Nile was the lifeblood of Egypt. Its cycle of flooding growth, death, and rebirth to new growth became the cycle of everyday life, and also of Egyptian religion and understanding of an afterlife. The people of Egypt were dependent on the river for more than their food. It insured a line of communication and transportation among the provinces of the kingdom. The pharaohs took advantage of the Nile as a means to transport their armies, thus maintaining a strong, unified nation.

40. The Ancient Egypt Site: New Kingdom SyriaPalestine in the North, to the 2nd cataract in nubia in the South. Within afew decennia, Egypt became the most powerful nation in the ancient Near East. http://www.ancient-egypt.org/history/18_20/

The expulsion of the Hyksos, began during the late 17th Dynasty by Seqenenre II or by Kamose and completed by 18th Dynasty monarch Ahmose in 1522, was the start of a series of conquests that would bring Egypt peace and prosperity. The age of conquest had begun! Even though Ahmose was the brother of his predecessor, Kamose, Manetho has placed him at the head of a new royal house: the 18th Dynasty In an effort to secure Egyptian borders against future invasions, Ahmose conquered a territory stretching from Syria-Palestine in the North, to the 2nd cataract in Nubia in the South. Within a few decennia, Egypt became the most powerful nation in the Ancient Near East. Ahmose's aggresive policy against Asia and Nubia was followed by his successors, especially by Thutmosis I and Thutmosis III, who expanded the boundaries of the new empire as far as the 4th cataract to the south and as far as the Euphrates river near the modern-day Turkish border in the north. The first kings of the 19th Dynasty With the 20th Dynasty de facto rulers of Upper-Egypt, while Lower-Egypt was in the hands of the administration of the Pharaoh. Another powerful group in the Egyptian society were the military, especially the military who descended from former Libyan prisoners of war. They too claimed their part in the government and in Egyptian territory.

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