41. Farm Books: Poultry Improving Turkey Production, north carolina State College Ag Mash Formulas, MichiganState University Cooperative ext. service Folder F245, 1957, folded single http://www.users.mis.net/~gwill/fb-poult.htm

Used Farming Books: Poultry Many of the following poultry pamphlets and bulletins are small. If you order several, we will charge actual shipping which will be considerably less than $1.00/book. Alabama Turkey Talk , Alabama Polytechnic Institute Extension Circular 318, 1946, 38 p., $2.00. Better Rations - More Eggs , by F. E. Mussehl, University of Nebraska Ag College Ext. Service, Extension Cricular 1420 Revised, July, 1927, 14 pp., $1.00 Bimonthly Bulletin , Ohio Ag. Exp. Station, includes articles on "Raising Chicks in 1933" and "Leg Disorders of Growing Chicks," March-April 1933, $1.00 Buying Eggs for Home Use , University of Nebraska Cooperative Extension 1315, April 1949, 8 pp., $1.00 Common Diseases and Parasites of Poultry , Separate from 1942 U.S.D.A. Yearbook of Agriculture, pp. 931-1107, $2.00 A Compilation of Experimental Information on Feeding Laying Hens , Mississippi AES Bulletin 330 reprinted, 1940, 52 pp., $4.00 Consumer Poultry Meat Studies in the Northeast , Maine Ag Exp. Station Bulletin 536, 1955, 20 pp. $1.00 Delaware Poultry Handbook , 17th ed., 1962, 108 pp. (includes 1962 Official Directory of Delaware Poultry Breeding Flocks and Hatcheries and Dealers), $2.00

42. Maine CAPS Update    September 20 Small hive beetle range expands into 2 new counties in north carolina, not foundin Maine. Agriculture, Veterinarian. Don Barry, UMaine coop. ext. Pest Management. http://pmo.umext.maine.edu/aphis/caps-update-2002-09-20.htm

Maine CAPS update September 20, 2002 The next CAPS roundtable discussion is scheduled for Wednesday, January 29 , 2003 at the Maine Forest Service Entomology Lab (map) in Augusta. Anyone interested in insect, disease, or weed pests affecting Maine is invited to attend to this informal meeting where we share status reports and plans for upcoming work. The distribution list for CAPS updates is attached to bottom of this message (item 4) . If you know of other people who might be added to the list, please let me know. 2. I have entered all the 2002 survey data in my possession (Plum pox, Pine shoot beetle, Potato mop top, European fruit tree borer). If you have trapping or other survey data for any of the following species please send it to me so I can create records for the National Agricultural Pest Information System. balsam woolly adelgid, browntail moth, balsam gall midge, gypsy moth

43. PCA Alien Plant Working Group - Japanese Knotweed (Polygonum Cuspidatum) Ames. coop. ext. Serv. Manual of vascular flora of the carolinas. Chapel Hill, NCThe University of north carolina Press, 1183. Randall, JR and J. Marinelli. http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/pocu1.htm

Polygonum cuspidatum NATIVE RANGE: Eastern Asia DESCRIPTION: Japanese knotweed, a member of the buckwheat family (Polygonaceae), is an upright, shrublike, herbaceous perennial that can grow to over 10 feet in height. As with all members of this family, the base of the stem above each joint is surrounded by a membranous sheath. Stems of Japanese knotweed are smooth, stout and swollen at joints where the leaf meets the stem. Although leaf size may vary, they are normally about 6 inches long by 3 to 4 inches wide, broadly oval to somewhat triangular and pointed at the tip. The minute greenish-white flowers occur in attractive, branched sprays in summer and are followed soon after by small winged fruits. Seeds are triangular, shiny, and very small, about 1/10 inch long. Japanese knotweed is designated a noxious weed in the State of Washington. ECOLOGICAL THREAT: Japanese knotweed spreads quickly to form dense thickets that exclude native vegetation and greatly alter natural ecosystems. It poses a significant threat to riparian areas, where it can survive severe floods and is able to rapidly colonize scoured shores and islands. Once established, populations are extremely persistent. DISTRIBUTION IN THE UNITED STATES: Current distribution of Japanese knotweed includes 36 states in the lower 48 from Maine to Wisconsin south to Louisiana, and scattered midwest and western states. It is not currently known to occur in Hawaii. Click

44. Program Details For Agricultural Agents/NC Cooperative Ext Service Contact Information (336) 7678213 Main (336) 767-3557 Fax Web Sitewww.ces.ncsu.edu/forsythOperating Agency north carolina Cooperative ext service Hours of http://www.callunitedway211.org/volunteer/voforsyth/n70r85v1.htm

Agricultural Agents/NC Cooperative Ext Service 1450 Fairchild Dr Winston-Salem, NC 27105-4550 Telephone Numbers and Contact Information Main Fax Web Site: www.ces.ncsu.edu/forsyth Operating Agency: North Carolina Cooperative Ext Service Hours of operation: M-F, 8-5 Fees: None. Eligibility requirements: None. Intake Procedure: Call. Area Served: Forsyth County. About the program: Provide information in areas of live stock, vegetable and field crops, ornamental, lawn maintenance and development, pesticide safety and uses, pest control, crop production, and soil analysis information through media, workshops, free mailings, consultation, Tele-Tip service, etc. Volunteer Information: Needed: leaders for 4-H youth groups; reception; service volunteers; advising council volunteers.

45. Agriculture, Natural Resourcs And Resource Development - Farmers Decisions 2001 Personal Stress Management, north carolina Cooperative extension service http forFarmers/Ranchers, north Dakota State extension service http//www.ext.nodak.edu http://www.utextension.utk.edu/anr/stress.html

MANAGING STRESS Early Warning Signs or Symptoms of Stress Stress Links Early Warning Signs or Symptoms of Stress Physical symptoms: Headaches Stomach problems Rising blood pressure Rapidly beating heart Clenched teeth Dropping sexual interest Emotional/mental symptoms: Impatience Frustration Depression Angry blowups Difficulty controlling emotions Low self-esteem Behavioral/relationship symptoms: An increase in smoking and/or drinking Trouble adapting to changing circumstances Finding it hard to relax or to sleep Communication problems Verbal and/or physical abuse Sarcastic arguments Dena Wise, Assistant Professor Family and Consumer Sciences Stress Links Taking Care of the Family During Adverse Times on the Farm, Iowa State University http://isufarmeconomyteam.org/takecare.html Stress Management for Farmers, University of Minnesota Extension Service http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/familydevelopment/components/7269cp.html Stress and Coping on the Farm, University of Minnesota Extension Service http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/familydevelopment/components/7269cn.html

46. Adventure GPS Products - Customer List Pennsylvania College of Technology; Pennsylvania State University (coop. ext. Universityof north carolina; University of Southern Florida; University of http://www.gps4fun.com/contact_customer_list.php

Great Selection of GPS Products www.GPS4FUN.com N 34.34.892 W 86.58.995 TOLL FREE Home Shop by Brand Shop by Category Shipping ... Checkout Authorized Dealer CONTACTS About Us Contact Us Customer List Newsletter ... Jobs Customer List Here is a partial list of previous customers Corporations AirTouch Cellular Bell South Personal Communications CONOCO Container Company of South Carolina Eastman Kodak Enterprise Products GTE Supply Hewlett Packard KXAN Television Lockheed Martin (TX) Logicon Geodynamics Marathon Ashland Pipeline Mercury Marine Nokia Mobile Phones Northrop Grumman Pacific Bell Wireless Primeco Personal Communications Purity Wholesale Grocery Raytheon E-Systems SAIC-McLean, VA Science Application International Corp Shell Environmental Group Shell Pipeline Corp. Southwestern Bell Verizon Wireless (Atlanta) Xerox Search and Rescue/ Fire/ EMT/ Law Enforcement Antelope Valley Search and Rescue, CA City of Port Orange, Fire Rescue Dept., FL

47. Manteo Migratory Bird Field Office U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service The cooperative projects are done in order to maintain and If you are a privatelandowner in north carolina and are give us a call at 252473-6983 ext. http://manteowildlife.fws.gov/ncpartners.html

Main Page Bob Noffsinger at Bob_Noffsinger@fws.gov Senior Field Biologist Division of Migratory Birds, Manteo Field Office 708 Hwy 64 W PO Box 2440 Manteo, NC 27954 Management Information Sites Waterfowl Management Handbook Moist Soil Management Moist Soil Plant Identification Woodcock Management Federal Hunting Regulations Division of Migratory Birds Field Office Links M anteo, NC J ackson, MS ... uburn, AL Joint Venture V icksburg, MS Region 4 Migratory Birds A tlanta, GA North Carolina Partners "North Carolina Partners" is a cooperative program between: USDA NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE (NRCS) DUCKS UNLIMITED, INC. (DU) NORTH CAROLINA WILDLIFE RESOURCES COMMISSION (WRC) U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE (USFWS) PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES: DU, the WRC, the USFWS, and the NRCS have agreed to work together to assist private landowners on their lands for the purpose of cooperatively developing, restoring, or enhancing wetlands and waterfowl habitat. The cooperative projects are done in order to maintain and increase waterfowl, shorebirds, wading birds and other migratory birds and wildlife populations and improve water quality. This program provides technical assistance and a small cost-share for developing wetland/waterfowl habitat. Our typical project takes drained farmland, that has marginal crop production and converts it to a managed wetland site.

48. Dr. Charles McClurg ext. Maryland Cooperative extension service Vegetable Newsletter Featured speaker atthe 1994 Vegetable Expo, the north carolina state vegetable production and http://www.agnr.umd.edu/users/hort/mcclurg.htm

Dr. Charles A. McClurg Horticulture Program Room 2116, Plant Sciences Building University of Maryland at College Park College Park, MD 20742 cm19@umail.umd.edu Classes Publications Extension ... Honors Academic Degrees: B.S. Horticulture, Iowa State University M.S. Horticulture, The Pennsylvania State University Ph.D. Horticulture, The Pennsylvania State University Vegetable Extension Specialist: production systems of vegetable crops, varietal evaluation, and vegetable nutrition. Classes: Hort 100 - Introduction to Horticulture Hort 202 - Management of Hort Crop Production Hort 222 - Commercial Vegetable Production Hort 422 - Technology of Veg Crop Production Hort 423 - Tech of Veg and Fruit Production Representative/Recent Publications: Books Edited: Editorial Committee: Gardening for Food and Fun. 1977 Yearbook of Agriculture, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Editorial Committee: Living on a Few Acres. 1978 Yearbook of Agriculture, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. Chapters in Books: McClurg, C.A. 1985. Chapter 9, Watch your garden grow. In Baybook, A Guide to Reducing Water Pollution at Home. Citizens Program for the Chesapeake Bay, Inc. McClurg, C.A. 1986. (Revised) Chapter 9, Watch your garden grow. In Baybook, A Guide to Reducing Water Pollution at Home. Citizens Program for the Chesapeake Bay, Inc.

49. Welcome To Virginia-Carolina Peanuts - Spring/Summer 2003 Page 3 We know that a relatively small percentage of fields in north carolina and Virginia forthe publications on the southern corn rootworm advisory (Va coop. ext. http://www.aboutpeanuts.com/spring summer 2003 p3.htm

SPRING/SUMMER 2003 BACK HOME SUTTER SEZ by Robert R. Sutter Chief Executive Officer North Carolina Peanut Growers Association NCDA Co-Op As we move into the 2003 crop year, the goals and objectives of the North Carolina Peanut Growers Association continue to guide our activities. The promotion of North Carolina inshell peanuts is an important part of our activities. In conjunction with NC Department of Agriculture's marketing department and the Goodness Grows program we conducted a radio campaign on several stations across the state. A total of 95 spots along with three 1 minute interviews about peanuts aired during February and March. Thanks to NCDA, whose cooperative funding made this project possible. USA Baseball Tour This summer we will be a sponsor of the USA Baseball Tour, which will visit 45 Minor League baseball parks all over the United States, in additionto the Major League All-Star game and the College World Series.

50. Bipesco.at Mite Pests University of Nebraska Cooperative ext. State BioControl Contents -north carolina State University and Plant Health service Biological Control http://bipesco.uibk.ac.at/links.html

Authorities Universities Journals Service (particular links in alphabetical order) AUTHORITIES, ORGANISATIONS, COMPANIES ... Austria Austrian Federal Ministry ofEducation, Science and Culture Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, Environment and Water Management Austrian Academy of Sciences Austrian National Tourist Office ... Research Centre Seibersdorf International Agricultural Research Organizations on the Web (ISNAR) Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Community Research and Development Information Service (CORDIS) COST - European Cooperation in the Field of Scientific and Technical Research European Commission (Agriculture) European Commission (Science, Research and Development) European Commission, Alphabetic Index European Research Gateways On-Line (ERGO) ... EU-AgriNet "What Information do you need?" EU-Regulations (in German) Expressions of Interest to help prepare the first calls of FP6 German Agricultural Information Network (DAINet) International Organisation of Biological Control (IOBC) International Society for Pest Information OECD - Biocides Questionnaires established to provide existing data on persistent toxic substances (PTS) Research Directorate-General The Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry United Nations Office at Vienna United Nations - Food and Agriculture Organization UNIVE

51. Cccc.edu | Central Carolina Community College coop experiences with working sustainable farms and businesses located in the heartof north carolina at the contact Robin Kohanowich at (919) 5426495, ext. http://www.ccarolina.cc.nc.us/PR/Library/045_September_2003/PeaceCorps.html

Peace Corps is looking for a Few Good Students A Peace Corps worker teaches sustainable agriculture to a local resident. (Photo Courtesy of Peace Corps) Sustainable agriculture majors match well with work in the Peace Corps because of the emphasis the program places on renewing resources. Students learn about the entire farming community, a valuable skill for volunteers heading to rural villages. Instruction focuses on ways to use traditional growing methods. Currently there are 19 Peace Corps assignment areas that fall within the environmental, health, community development, business and agricultural sectors. Community college graduates qualify to serve in 13 of the 19 sectors. The CCCC program has already reaped enrollment from people seeking skills to qualify for Peace Corps service. Some individuals returning from Peace Corps service have also turned to CCCC for additional skills in sustainable practices. CCCC pioneered sustainable instruction in the North Carolina Community College System and is the only community college in the state offering this innovative major. As one of two community colleges in the nation (the other college is located in Iowa) that offers an Associate in Applied Science degree in sustainable agriculture, the program is showing steady growth. In addition to the continuing education classes and degree program, certificates can be earned in sustainable agriculture, sustainable livestock production and sustainable vegetable production.

52. HIGHLIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE site(s). Therefore, Kentucky s tobacco industry needs to remain alert to this situationin eastern north carolina. This can be found on the Kansas coop. ext. http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/kpn/kpn_00/pn000417.htm

Kentucky Pest News Newsletter HIGHLIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE Number 878 April 17, 2000 TOBACCO ALFALFA WHEAT FRUIT ... ANNOUNCEMENTS TOBACCO CURRENT BLUE MOLD STATUS By William Nesmith A significant change in the blue mold situation has occurred during the past week. On April 13, Dr. Tom Melton, Extension Plant Pathologist with North Carolina State University reported that blue mold was active in a transplant production greenhouse in eastern North Carolina, Lenoir County (Kinston area). The disease samples were submitted to the Plant Pathology Department by plant inspectors with the North Carolina Department of Agriculture. Since plant inspectors were involved, I am assuming that this outbreak is at a commercial greenhouse operation (transplants being sold). Furthermore, some transplant producers in eastern North Carolina may also grow burley plants, for movement into Kentucky or other burley areas, so remain alert to what is happening in North Carolina and anywhere else that is supplying plants to the state/region. Based on the symptoms described in Dr. Melton's report, they are dealing with systemic blue mold. Furthermore, I suspect the disease may be spreading through the water, which we often see in Kentucky when the float system becomes is involved. It is nearly impossible to control the disease once it is in the roots in the float systems if the metalaxyl-resistant strains are involved, because none of the fungicides are effect against that route of infection. Consequently, once I learned of their situation, I expected that it was much worse than reports indicated. Therefore, I was not surprised this morning (April 17) to receive word that all of the original greenhouse was now involved, a 300 ft unit, with two other houses showing symptoms. Folks, that is the nature of blue mold in a float greenhouse!

53. IFA Directory Section Five Mississippi Dr. James Jarratt Cooperative ext. service Box 5446 Mississippi State,MS 39762 (601) 3252085 e-mail -. north carolina Dr. Charles Apperson Dept. http://entweb.clemson.edu/fireant/dir/sec5.htm

Section Five Cooperative Extension personnel Alabama Kathy L. Flanders Extension Entomologist and Assistant Professor 208 A Extension Hall Auburn University, AL 36849-5629 Tel: 334-844-6393 FAX: 334-844-5002 email: kflander@acesag.auburn.edu Arkansas Dr. Donald Johnson P.O. Box 391 University of Arkansas Little Rock, AR 72203 email: djohnson@uaex.edu California Dr. Vernard Lewis University of California Dept. of Entomological Sciences 201 Wellman Hall Berkeley, CA 94720 e-mail - Florida Dr. Phil Koehler University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611 e-mail - Georgia Beverly Sparks Professor and Extension Program Coordinator-Entomology The University of Georgia 463 Biological Sciences Building Athens, GA 30602

54. NCDOT, GHSP, Safe North Carolina Communities Onslow Co.Cooperative ext. Contact the north carolina Governor s Highway Safety Programat 919733 The Safe Communities service Center Web Site, sponsored by http://www.ncdot.org/secretary/GHSP/other/ncsafcom.html

Click It or Ticket News and Materials Other Safety Issues Grant Recipients ... Contact Us Building Safe North Carolina Communities The North Carolina Governor's Highway Safety Program (GHSP) is dedicated to promoting traffic safety on our state's streets and highways. Traffic crash injuries are one of the most overlooked public health problems facing our state and nation today. Through the Safe Communities program, the GHSP wants to become a partner in preventing traffic deaths and injuries and raising your community's awareness of the steps that can be taken to reduce traumatic injuries in your neighborhood. What are Safe Communities? Safe Communities programs are grounded in two basic principals: First, their goal is to reduce traffic injuries in a local communities. Second, they rely on diverse group of partners for their success. What's happening in North Carolina? Currently, Safe Communities coalitions are operating in 16 counties in North Carolina, with more in the works. Nearly 50 percent of the state's population is lives in an area covered by a Safe Communities program. The following is a list of current Safe Communities programs in North Carolina. Safe Communities Coalitions Lead Organization Contact Work Phone Anson County Anson EMS/Anson Comm.Hosp.

55. Web Sites, Suppliers Of Beneficial Organisms In North America Animal and Plant Health service http//www and Mite Pests University of NebraskaCooperative ext. north carolina s National IPM Network (north carolina State http://www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/ipminov/ben_supp/websites.htm

SUPPLIERS OF BENEFICIAL ORGANISMS IN NORTH AMERICA Web Sites Biological Control and Integrated Pest Management An electronic copy of this publication which can be downloaded and printed is available. An electronic database on suppliers of beneficial organisms in North America with additional information on biological control and integrated pest management is also available. Both can be accessed through the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Home Page at http://www.cdpr.ca.gov The following is a brief listing of university and government Web sites on biological control and integrated pest management: APHIS National Biological Control Institute (NBCI) - USDA Animal and Plant Health Service http://www.aphis.usda.gov/nbci/nbci.html APHIS Plant Protection Centers - USDA Animal and Plant Health Service http://www.aphis.usda.gov/PPQ/bco/ Auburn's Biological Control Institute (BCI) - Auburn University http://www.ag.auburn.edu/bci/bci.html Cornell's Biological Control Home Page - Cornell University http://www.nysaes.cornell.edu:80/ent/biocontrol/index.html

56. This Site Contains Information On North Carolina S Abundant Green, JW, JP Mueller, and DS Chamblee. 1989. Planting guide for forage cropsin north carolina. NC coop. ext. Serv. Pub. AG266. Other References. http://www.ncwildlife.org/pg04_HuntingTrapping/pg4f1.htm

What are laws pertaining to baiting doves and hunting in agricultural areas? by Denton O. Baumbarger This information is provided to guide sportsmen/women in the preparation of and hunting over dove fields and agricultural areas. This publication is printed and distributed by the NC Wildlife Resources Commission. The mourning dove is the most hunted and harvested game bird in the United States. About 50 million mourning doves are taken annually by U.S. hunters. Dove hunting is equally popular in North Carolina. In 1998-99, approximately 77,029 North Carolina hunters harvested an estimated 1.24 million doves. Mourning doves are migratory birds that congregate where food, bare soil and water are abundant. It follows that agricultural areas offer some of the best dove hunting. However, strict laws govern the hunting of migratory birds. Of particular importance are regulations that pertain to "baiting". Every year, numerous North Carolina hunters are cited for hunting over baited fields. It is, therefore, important that hunters and farmers fully understand how the management of agricultural operations relates to dove hunting regulations. Hunter Responsibilities: The mourning dove is a migratory game bird regulated under the authority of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act as well as state laws and rules. Many of you may be aware of a recent determination by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service clarifying interpretation of the federal migratory game bird hunting regulations. Prior to the change, the Migratory Bird Treaty was considered to be a strict liability statute wherein a hunter's guilt could be established without having to prove that he or she knew of the bait, should have known of the bait, or intended to violate the law. This federal law now prohibits the taking of migratory game birds

57. I-une.com: Education > Cooperative Extension www.ext.vt.edu/. north carolina Cooperative extension service Educational partnershipoffers numerous programs implemented by county field faculty and supported http://dir.i-une.com/Science/Agriculture/Education/Cooperative_Extension/

Simultaneous search in the best search engines Cooperative Extension Science Agriculture Education Cooperative Extension Go to Web Directory Home Categories Michigan State University Extension University of Connecticut Extension Sponsored Links Site Listings USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Aims to improve economic, environmental, and social conditions in the United States and globally. www.reeusda.gov/ Iowa State University Extension to Agriculture and Natural Resources Includes information on field specialists, farm business management,gardens, food safety, water quality, value-added agriculture. www.extension.iastate.edu/ag/ University of California Cooperative Extension Offers educatonal programs throughout California in the areas of farm management, 4-H, nutrition, and family and consumer sciences. ucanr.org/CES.CEA.shtml Penn State Cooperative Extension and Outreach Extension and outreach programs for producers, agricultural businesses and consumers in Pennsylvania and northeast U.S. www.extension.psu.edu/

58. Piedmont - South Atlantic Coast Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit: Contacts GA 30622 Phone 706769-5631 ext. Associate Dean, Research and service Warnell Schoolof Jones Assistant Director north carolina Cooperative extension service http://psaccesu.uga.edu/h/contact.html

@import url(../c/psac.css); Home Page: Mission statement brochure Agreement ... Contacts: PSAC-CESU members, key officials... Strategic Plan: Three-year goals strategic plan do list Research, Education, and Outreach Needs ... Projects: Summary of Current Projects... Faculty Expertise: Provides a link to each University's PSAC-CESU Faculty Expertise. Maps Links: Federal partners university partners ... other partners Contacts: PSAC-CESU members Key Officials The Technical representatives for the Federal Agencies are as follows: Bureau of Land Management Geoff Walsh BLM Eastern States Office 7450 Boston Boulevard Springfield, VA 22153 Phone: 703-440-1668 Fax: 703-440-1551 gwalsh@es.blm.gov U.S. Geological Survey-Biological Resources Division Parley Winger USGS PWRC Warnell School of Forest Resources Athens, GA 30602 Phone: 706-546-2146 Fax: 706-546-2109 parley_winger@usgs.gov Edward Oaksford USGS 201 Levy Avenue Tallahassee, FL 32310 Phone: 850-942-9500 x 3017 Fax: 850-942-9521 oaksford@usgs.gov

59. Collecting A Poultry Litter Sample For Analysis Publication no. EBAE 11184, north carolina coop. ext. Certified Nutrient ManagementSpecialist Training Manual, Chapter 3. Univ. of Georgia coop. ext. Serv. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/BODY_HS189

Collecting a Poultry Litter Sample for Analysis George J. Hochmuth, Justin T. Jones Through research, tables have been developed that describe the average nutrient concentration of animal wastes. However, the actual nutrient concentration of manures may vary from one livestock operation to another. Factors that contribute to this variation include: composition of the feed ration, design of the waste management system, season of year, animal health, etc. Therefore, it is important that livestock wastes are sampled and analyzed to determine their nutrient concentrations before a sound, nutrient management plan can be designed, implemented, or maintained. Sampling Frequency Ideally, manure should be sampled before each field application is made. Although accurate, sampling at this frequency can be costly when using commercial laboratories for analysis, and can be somewhat time consuming. Even in the most consistent conditions, manures should be sampled at least twice per year, preferably in winter and late summer to capture seasonal variation in the manure. Management of the waste can be improved if a sample is taken about a month prior to field application and again during field application. The first sample will allow time for a testing lab to analyze the manure and provide results of the analysis. Sampling when the manure is field applied allows you to calculate what nutrients were actually applied. A historical record can further provide guidance to how often samples should be collected as long as consistent management of the operation is maintained.

60. COS Expertise Profile ext. 2003, Assistant Professor extension Specialist, north carolina State University Universityof California, Plant Pathology, Cooperative extension service http://myprofile.cos.com/gholmesnc

North Carolina State University Dr. Gerald J. Holmes North Carolina State University Plant Pathology Mailing Address NC State University Dept. Plant Pathology Campus Box 7616 1300 Gardner Hall Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 United States Contact Information Phone: (919) 515-9779 Fax: (919) 515-7716 gerald_holmes@ncsu.edu http://www.cals.ncsu.edu/plantpath/Personnel/Faculty/holmes.html Qualifications B.S., California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, Agronomy, 1987 Ph.D., University of California, Riverside, Plant Pathology, 1994 Expertise and Research Interests Diseases of vegetable crops, especially cucurbits (cantaloupe, cucumber, pumpkin, squash and watermelon) and sweet potatoes; Postharvest diseases; Penicillium molds of citrus; integrated pest management; fungicide resistance. Other Expertise Cucurbit downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis); cucurbit powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea); Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici); Rhizopus soft rot of sweetpotatoes (Rhizopus stolonifer); ozone injury in watermelon; sweetpotato souring. Future Research USDA-Risk Avoidance and Mitigation Program: Development of grower decision-making tools to reduce risk and enchance sustainability of southern sweetpotato pest management systems. My role in this 4-year, 4-state (NC, LA, MS, AL) project is to address the pathology issues related to sweetpotato production. This includes preharvest conditions and their effect on postharvest susceptibility to diseases such as Rhizopus soft rot and bacterial stem and root rot. We are also characterizing the postharvest handling of sweetpotatoes by conducting in-depth packinghouse surveys.

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