41. History Of Civil history of CivilMilitary Relations in nigeria (Part 2)*. was established which comprised representatives of federal and regional governments chaired http://www.gamji.com/nowa10.htm

History of Civil-Military Relations in Nigeria (Part 2)* By Dr. Nowa Omoigui [SOUTH CAROLINA, U.S.A.] nowa_o@yahoo.com NIGERIAN CIVILIAN CONTROL OF THE NIGERIAN MILITARY 1958-60 I But one sign that the Nigerian Political class was not totally united in its support of the Nigerian military in utero came at the Calabar Conference of the Action Group in 1958. Chief Awolowo declared his opposition to the establishment of a Navy and Air Force while Chiefs Akintola and Rotimi Williams opposed him. Other pro-military voices included those of Chike Obi, Fani-Kayode, Jereton Mariere, Ayo Rosiji and Eneh. Over the next one to two years, those in favor of expanding the military cited ceremonial purposes, "national dignity", terrorism in western Cameroon, the Sawaba crisis in Niger republic and rivalry with Ghana as justification. The day after abrogation and two weeks before the annual congress of the AG in Jos, however, Balewa invited the AG to join him in government. Nevertheless, Chief Awolowo (Awo) refused, leading to a split in the Action Group. In his memoirs published many years later in 1974, the former British Governor General, Sir James Robertson, states that he "unofficially and unconstitutionally" assigned defence, police and foreign affairs before independence to Sir Abubakar Balewa. This act, in addition to Robertson's earlier decision to call Balewa to form a government before the 1959 election results had even been announced, caused a rupture in the precariously balanced Nigerian Political class, the civil-military consequences of which were to later play out in a disastrous manner after independence.

42. HISTORY OF CIVIL given the national charter imposed by history and habit wondering whether the question in modern nigeria is military desire for a share of regional trade, Lagos http://www.gamji.com/nowa9.htm

HISTORY OF CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS IN NIGERIA* By Dr. Nowa Omoigui [SOUTH CAROLINA, U.S.A.] nowa_o@yahoo.com Introduction and Definition A ccording to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), the phrase "Civil-Military relations" encompasses all "activities undertaken by NATO commanders in war directly concerned with the relationship between allied armed forces and the government, civil population, or agencies of non-NATO countries where such armed forces are stationed, supported or employed". In peacetime, however, a more functional definition is that suggested by Carolina Hernandez of the Institute for Strategic and Development Studies in the Philippines. She describes it, quite simply, as "the balance of power between military and civilian branches of government". I dare say, however, that the interplay of civil and military components of society extends beyond the bounds of the government. Traditional civil-military relations presume civil supremacy and guidance, in other words, full democratic control of the military in its role and responsibility to society as the ultimate guarantor of national security. This implies the military is a servant of society which exercises its monopoly over the most violent means of violence in the interest of its citizens in response to popular will and consent. To exercise this role, however, the military must have unique expertise within a corporate structure guided by a strong sense of ethical and moral responsibility.

43. Fablis Directory For /Regional/Africa/Nigeria Top/Society/Government/Multilateral/regional/African Union/Member States. FOC Country Profile nigeria - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy http://directory.fablis.com/guide/Regional/Africa/Nigeria

Web Directory Quick Search Fablis Regional Africa Nigeria Nigeria Click here to list your site Arts and Entertainment Business and Economy Education ... Travel and Tourism See also: Top/Society/Government/Multilateral/Regional/African Union/Member States BBC Country Profile - Nigeria - Key facts, figures and dates, and media links. CIA Factbook - Nigeria - Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people FOC Country Profile - Nigeria - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. Nigeria: A Country Study - Comprehensive study of history, geography and sociology. Usenet news:soc.culture.nigeria - news: Google Groups Category Editor: jwmoore Last Updated: 2004-01-27 16:20:16 Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor The content of this directory is based on the Open Directory and may have been modified by Fablis Web Directory Link to us!

44. AllAfrica.com: Nigeria [column]: The Taylor Assylum: Repeating The Mistakes Of H 1 occupies a special position in the history of England is not the first despot to find a haven in nigeria. actions on the basis that as the regional power, the http://allafrica.com/stories/200308150308.html

Use our pull-down menus to find more stories Regions/Countries Central Africa East Africa North Africa PanAfrica Southern Africa West Africa Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo-Brazzaville Congo-Kinshasa Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland São Tomé and Príncipe Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Western Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe Topics AGOA AIDS Aid Arms and Armies Arts Athletics Banking Books Business Capital Flows Children Civil War Climate Commodities Company Conflict Conflict Economics Crime Currencies Debt Ecotourism Editorials Education Energy Environment Food and Agriculture Forests From allAfrica's Reporters Health Human Rights Humanitarian Responses ICT Infrastructure Investment Labour Latest Legal Affairs Malaria Media Mining Music NEPAD Oceans Olympics PANA Peace Talks Peacekeeping Petroleum Pollution Post-Conflict Privatization Refugees Religion Science Soccer Sport Stock Markets Terrorism Trade Transport Travel Tuberculosis Urban Issues Water Wildlife Women Central Africa Business East Africa Business North Africa Business Southern Africa Business West Africa Business Asia, Australia, and Africa

45. World Travel Guide - Nigeria - History And Government history and Government history The states of Kanem and Borno, which flourished on the shores of Lake Chad Yet nigeria remains the major regional power and http://www.biggles.co.uk/Columbus/data/nga/nga580.htm

Travel Information Contact Addresses General Information Passport/Visa Money ... Maps Regions and Cities The South - Overview The North Tools Printable Miniguide Home World Africa ... Nigeria History and Government History: Rather than accept his victory, the military annulled the elections and returned the country to military rule. Sani Abacha, a senior aide to the former president, Babangida, emerged as the new military strongman and, over the next five years, presided over an increasingly oppressive regime. Abiola was put under arrest and other opponents of the regime were jailed or exiled. The regime attracted much international criticism for its treatment of the Ogoni people, located in the oil-rich southeast of the country. A peaceful campaign of opposition, led by writer Ken Saro-Wiwa, was violently suppressed by the military. Prominent Ogoni leaders, including Saro-Wiwa himself, were executed on trumped-up charges. Thereafter, the Abacha government suffered increasing diplomatic isolation, much of it orchestrated by Nelson Mandela, then president of South Africa. Sharia Government: Under the provisions of the constitution announced by the government in late 1998, executive power is vested in the president of the republic. Legislative responsibilities are entrusted to the bicameral national assembly, comprising the 360-member House of Representatives and the 109-member Senate. Members of both houses serve a four-year term.

46. News Nigeria Wednesday-Night History Saturday Aug 9, 2003 nigeria shuts Benin border The government blames crossborder crime for a closure which flies in the face of regional trade accords. http://www.wednesday-night.com/newsNigeria.asp

WEDNESDAY NIGHT News recent news news Slides Military news Back issues ... Racism June 6th 2004 UPDATED Wed-Nights Next W-N Economic ... Wed-Nights to W-N or friend Nigeria News Nigeria from the CIA map See Backgeounders from the Economist.com see Nigeria-Letters Scam Monday Jan 5, 2004 Nigerians 'crush' Islamic uprising The army ends an insurrection by Islamic radicals in northern Yobe state, officials say. Friday Nov 28, 2003 bbc Nigeria to tackle internet fraud President Obasanjo vows to combat the scam where people are promised a share in non-existent riches. see Nigeria-Letters Scam Wednesday Nov 5, 2003 gaz Nigerian scam artists strike gold here RCMP issues alert. Quebecers lose at least $463,000 to sophisticated Web fraud Sunday Sep 28, 2003 gaz NIGERIA ENTERS THE SPACE AGE Millions of Nigerians paused Saturday to watch their country, one of the poorest on Earth, launch its first satellite. ...defrauded Quebecers of at least $463,000 so far this year. ... Across Canada, $8 million was taken. Thursday Sep 25, 2003 bbc Nigerian spared death by stoning Amina Lawal, who had been sentenced to death by stoning for adultery, is cleared on appeal.

47. Web Directory: Regional/Africa/Nigeria Related Categories. regional Africa Regions West Africa 14 Get Site Info. FOC Country Profile nigeria Notes on geography, history, politics, economy http://web.politinfo.com/dir/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/

the entire directory only in Nigeria Web Directory Regional Africa : Nigeria Web Directory offers listings of web sites, site previews, plus links to detailed information such as traffic rankings, user reviews and related sites. Get the Free Alexa Toolbar Categories Localities Arts and Entertainment Business and Economy Education ... Travel and Tourism Related Categories Regional: Africa: Regions: West Africa Web Sites BBC Country Profile - Nigeria Key facts, figures and dates, and media links. url: news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/... Get Site Info CIA Factbook - Nigeria Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people url: www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ni.htm... Get Site Info FOC Country Profile - Nigeria Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. url: www.fco.gov.uk/servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/X... Get Site Info Nigeria: A Country Study Comprehensive study of history, geography and sociology. url: lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ngtoc.html

48. Web Directory: Regional/Africa/Nigeria/Government regional Africa Government 3 Web Sites. The nigeria Police Official website of the nigeria Police Force. history and structure, zonal police commands. http://web.politinfo.com/dir/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/Government/

the entire directory only in Government Web Directory Regional Africa Nigeria : Government Web Directory offers listings of web sites, site previews, plus links to detailed information such as traffic rankings, user reviews and related sites. Get the Free Alexa Toolbar Categories Embassies and Consulates Related Categories Regional: Africa: Government Web Sites Akwa Ibom State Government Details of the State located in Oil-Rich Niger Delta basin. Includes demographic, weather and geological data. Also provides investment, events and news, contacts and other information. url: www.akwaibomstategov.com/ Get Site Info Federal Government of Nigeria Official government website. Includes information on the country, agencies, doing business, and tourism. url: www.nigeria.gov.ng Get Site Info National Maritime Authority An agency under the federal ministry of transport with the duty of maritime safety administration and regulation. Includes overview, personnel, and contacts. url: nma-ng.com/

49. ICONSnet: CalFac has been a leader in supplying troops for regional peacekeeping forces are very cautious about investing in nigeria due to the recent history of instability http://www.icons.umd.edu/pls/reslib/country.output_page?simnum=2001&name=16942&v

50. Any Search Info - Directory Regional Africa Nigeria Society And Culture Top regional Africa nigeria Society and Culture (60 for Popular Participation (CAPP) A nigeria based organisation concerning the people, history and culture http://search-info.com/search/engine/index/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/Society_and_C

Top Regional Africa Nigeria : Society and Culture Directory Results: Categories: Archaeology Human Rights Personal Pages Politics ... Regional: Africa: Nigeria: Government Web Site Matches: ActionAid Nigeria International nongovernmental organization dedicated to fighting poverty. Includes vision and program information. url: www.actionaidnigeria.net Ahamdi Nweke Foundation Grass roots sociopolitical and economic movement to improve the well being of the populace. Includes officers, rules, and constitution. url: www.ahamdinweke-foundation.com Asorock An online community for Nigerians. Discussion boards, email, voice chat and news links. url: www.asorock.com/ British Council : Nigeria Information on facilities and programs. url: www.britishcouncil.org/nigeria/ Centre for Law Enforcement Education Promotes respect for human rights and cooperation between civil society and law enforcement agencies in the lawful discharge of their duties in Nigeria. url: www.cleen.kabissa.org/ CNE Nigeria Features sports, photos, jokes, stories, articles, poetry, art, and links. url: www.cnenigeria.com/

51. Any Search Info - Directory Regional Africa Nigeria Education Colleges and Universities 7, regional Africa Education 12 Cooperation Society of nigeria intended to programs, tuition, facilities, services, and history.. http://search-info.com/search/engine/index/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/Education/

Top Regional Africa Nigeria : Education Directory Results: Categories: Colleges and Universities Regional: Africa: Education Web Site Matches: American International School International school based on the American system of education serving students in grades through grade nine. Site contains current news as well as a virtual reality tour and student websites. url: www.aislagos.com/ Apata Memorial High School An effort to connect the alumni of the school. Includes guest book, photos, and class member names with email addresses. url: www.apatamemorial.com Brookstone School Coeducational nursery and primary school for age groups 4 to 11 in Port Harcourt. Includes calendar, admissions information, and mission statement. url: www.brookstonephng.org Command Secondary School, Jos Students and alumni. url: www.commandjos.com/ Dowen College, Lagos Private, coeducational secondary school for ages 10 to 18 years. Includes FAQ, school profile, admissions information, and facilities description. url: dowencollege.com Federal Government College, Odogbolu

52. DIRECTORY.GEOGO.COM - Regional/Africa/Nigeria FOC Country Profile nigeria - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. http://directory.geogo.com/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/

- Africa - Nigeria Add your Web Site Add Search to your Site Search for: Internet Entire Directory Directory - Nigeria Results per page: Output format: Long Short URL Match: All Any Boolean Arts and Entertainment Maps and Views Business and Economy News and Media ... BBC Country Profile - Nigeria - Key facts, figures and dates, and media links. CIA Factbook - Nigeria - Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people FOC Country Profile - Nigeria - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. Nigeria: A Country Study - Comprehensive study of history, geography and sociology. Submit Premium Listing! $10 Annual Fee Sign Up User Name: Password: Edit in Real Time, Banner Placement Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor This site is presented in modified Open Directory form E-Mail: webmaster@geogo.com Aaex Corp.

53. Alexa Web Search - Subjects > Regional > Africa > Nigeria > Education on the library, staff, programs, history, and facilities University of nigeria Nsukka Staff School http://www.alexa.com/browse/general?catid=89540&mode=general

54. Regional: Africa: Nigeria history of the Church in nigeria, information on each diocese. http//www.cbcn.org/aspscripts/homepage.asp; Flags of the World nigeria National, regional, http://www.nebulasearch.com/directory/go/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/

NebulaSearch Home Search the NebulaSearch Directory Top Regional Africa : Nigeria Localities Arts and Entertainment Business and Economy Education ... Travel and Tourism No results found. See also: Regional: Africa: Regions: West Africa BBC Country Profile - Nigeria - Key facts, figures and dates, and media links. CIA Factbook - Nigeria - Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people FOC Country Profile - Nigeria - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. Nigeria: A Country Study - Comprehensive study of history, geography and sociology. Topix.net: Nigeria - News from Nigeria gathered from various sources on the web. [RSS] Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor

55. Nigeria In Regional > Africa nigeria A Country Study. Comprehensive study of history, geography and sociology. http//lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/ngtoc.html. See also regional Africa Regions http://ilectric.com/glance/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/

Home Metasearch Browse News ... Login/Out Choose a Search Metasearch - The Web Metasearch - This Site Metasearch - News Metasearch - Forums Metasearch - MP3s Metasearch - Code Metasearch - Shopping Directory - Within This Category Only Directory - Entire Category - Arts Category - Business Category - Computers Category - Games Category - Health Category - Home Category - News Category - Recreation Category - Reference Category - Regional Category - Science Category - Shopping Category - Society Category - Sports Category - World Shopping - All products Shopping - Books Shopping - Electronics Shopping - Popular music Shopping - Classical music Shopping - DVD's Shopping - VHS Videos Shopping - In Theaters Shopping - Toys Shopping - Computer Hardware Shopping - Software Shopping - Magazines Shopping - Photo Shopping - Garden / Outdoor Living Shopping - Baby Shopping - Kitchen Lookup - Domain in Whois Lookup - Domain Availability Lookup - HTTP Source Lookup - DNS Record B rowse Web Browse Regional Africa Nigeria ... This House Has Fallen: Nigeria in Crisis - by Karl Maier The Trouble with Nigeria - by Chinua Achebe Traveler's Guide to Living in Nigeria: Security and Travel Tips - by Patrick Keku, Tunde Akingbade

56. INCORE: Conflict Data Service: Internet Country Guides: Nigeria focusing on, for example, history, society, economy srv/inatl/longterm/worldref/country/nigeria.htm. Integrated regional Information Network (IRIN) IRIN, which http://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk/cds/countries/nigeria.html

Guides index INCORE guide to Internet sources on conflict and ethnicity in Nigeria Version 3 (April 2001) Contents Inclusion in this guide does not imply an endorsement by INCORE of the views expressed in any of these sources. If you have a complaint about this guide or believe that we have omitted a relevant source please read our information about the guides before writing to us. You may find that this will answer some of your questions. This includes a warning about the type of information included in the guide, information about our 'criteria for inclusion' in the guides and about our 'updating and additions policy'. Prime Sources (A select list drawn from the categories below) News Sources Discussion Groups Articles and Documents Various Sources ... Sources which cover every country in the world Prime sources This is a short list of internet sources which have a lot of content relating directly to conflict and ethnicity in Nigeria. This list does not imply a recommendation of the sources or an endorsement of the views expressed in any of these sources. It is a select list drawn from the other categories in this document. All Africa News This service provides regularly updated information, in the form of news reports, from Africa's leading newspapers, magazines and news agencies, on the situation in Nigeria.

57. ODP: Regional:Africa:Nigeria Top regional Africa nigeria geography, economy, government, and people FreeGK.com nigeria Including map and overview of history, culture, economy http://beta.thesoftwarestudio.com/Regional,Africa,Nigeria.html

This software available soon at The Software Studio Thu June 10, 2004 Top Regional Africa Nigeria ... BBC Country Profile - Nigeria - Key facts, figures and dates, and media links. CIA Factbook - Nigeria - Features map and brief descriptions of geography, economy, government, and people FOC Country Profile - Nigeria - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy, international relations, travel, current affairs. Nigeria: A Country Study - Comprehensive study of history, geography and sociology. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web. Submit a Site Open Directory Project Become an Editor Looking for Adult Content?

58. Regional Africa Nigeria See also regional Africa Regions West Africa (14 Country Profile nigeria, FOC Country Profile - nigeria - Notes on geography, history, politics, economy http://world.ammissione.it/browse_/Regional/Africa/Nigeria/

59. FRONTLINE/WORLD . NIGERIA - The Road North . Links & Resources | PBS Look at nigeria s unique history, explore how different AllAfrica s coverage includes regional coverage of West Africa Voice of nigeria This radio program, with http://www.pbs.org/frontlineworld/stories/nigeria/links.html

By Date By Place By Theme Fellows Stories ... THE STORY Synopsis of "The Road North" MISS WORLD'S WOES A Chronicle of the Pageant's Troubles THOUGHTS OF A FAVORITE SON Interview With Nobel Laureate Wole Soyinka NIGERIAN WOMEN SPEAK OUT Five Diverse Voices Learn More about Nigeria Sharia Law, Human Rights, the Role of Women MAP REACT TO THIS STORY This report from the Pew Research Center for the People and the Press, released in December 2002, asks citizens across the globe how they view their lives, countries, the world and America. Included in the extensive publication are findings on public opinion in Nigeria. Part of the Pew Global Attitudes Project General Background Sharia Law and Human Rights The Miss World Fallout ... Media Resources General Background The Federal Republic of Nigeria The official Web site of the Nigerian federal government includes information about public offices as well as background on the country's economy, population, tourism and business opportunities. There are also descriptions of the country's 36 states with messages from each state chief. Interview With President Olusegun Obasanjo Nigeria's President Olusegun Obasanjo, who returned the country to civilian rule when he was elected in 1999, answers questions about Nigeria's previous military dictatorship, corruption, his leadership and plans for the country's future in a special call-in show

60. Nigeria history 2001 the Obasanjo government has been struggling to improve nigeria’s political has been the decision of several local and regional governments in http://ecowas.info/ngahist.htm

Useful Links Contact Us Advertise Privacy Policy ... Home SEARCH -Quick Search- - ECOWAS - -Introduction -Members -Different Roles -Defense Protocol -Development -Choose A Country -Benin -Burkina Faso -Cape Verde -Côte d'Ivoire -Gambia -Ghana -Guinea -Guinea-Bissau -Liberia -Mali -Niger -Nigeria -Senegal -Sierra Leone -Togo Advertise Contact Us Privacy Policy Useful Links Main Page SECTIONS Fact-File Hotels History Climate ... Contact Addresses History: The states of Kanem and Borno (which flourished from about AD 10) on the shores of Lake Chad were the first imperial states in the region; their wealth was founded on control of trans-Saharan trade routes. From the 11th to 14th centuries the Islamic Hausa city states were also a dominant influence, whilst in the southwest the Yoruba cities of Ife, Oyo and Benin became major trading centres. In the 15th century, the Portuguese began trading – first for spices, later for slaves. The Portuguese were then supplanted by other European trading nations. The slave trade disrupted the balance of power in the region as did, in the 18th century, the southward expansion of the Islamic faith and the arrival of Christian missionaries.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 3     41-60 of 92    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20