61. Erowid Religious Freedom Vault : Native American Free Exercise Of Religion Act O The Congress finds that throughout American history, the free exercise of traditional native american religions has been intruded upon, interfered with, and http://www.erowid.org/freedom/civil_rights/religion/religion_nafera.shtml

Become an Erowid member and get a t-shirt or mug ! Path : freedom religion Native American Free Exercise of Religion Act of 1993 Senate Bill 1021 Item Key: 4770 Introduced to 103rd Congress May 25, 1993 by Mr Inouye (D-HI) for himself, Mr. Baucus, Mr. Campbell, Mr Feingold, Mr Hatfield, Mr Pell, and Mr Wellstone. Eventually passed as the American Indian Religious Freedom Act Amendments of 1994 A BILL To assure religious freedom to Native Americans. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. SHORT TITLE.This Act may be cited as the "Native American Free Exercise of Religion Act of 1993". TABLE OF CONTENTS. Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Policy. Sec. 3. Definitions. TITLE IPROTECTION OF SACRED SITES Sec. 101. Findings. Sec. 102. Federal land management; use and preservation. Sec. 103. Notice. Sec. 104. Consultation. Sec. 105. Burden of proof. Sec. 106. Tribal authority over Native American religious sites on Indian lands. Sec. 107. Application of other laws.

62. Br-native Howard L. Harrod, _Becoming and Remaining a People native american religions on the Northern Plains._ Tucson University of Arizona Press, 1995. xx + 149 pp. http://www.acs.ucalgary.ca/~nurelweb/reviews/br-nativ.html

BOOK REVIEWS NATIVE AMERICAN TRADITIONS To return to the: NURELWEB SITE H-NET BOOK REVIEW Published by H-PCAACA@msu.edu (August 1996) Reviewed for H-PCAACA by Michelle R. Kloppenburg, University of Paderborn, Germany Religion and Native Americans

63. • RELIGIOUS STUDIES • UCSB Southwest; RS 114C Myths, Symbols, and Transitions in native american religions; RS 114D Religion and Healing in Native America; http://www.religion.ucsb.edu/pages/faculty/fac_tala.html

Faculty - Ines M. Talamantez, Ph.D. Home Faculty Select Faculty Albanese Cabezon J. Campo M. Campo Carlson Friedland Garr Hammond Hecht Holdrege Mann Powell Reynolds Roof Talamantez Thomas Wallace White Ph.D. in Anthropology, Linguistics, and Comparative Literature - University of California, San Diego talamant@religion.ucsb.edu Areas of Academic Interest: Native American Religious Traditions and Philosophies Religions of Mexico and Chicano Religion Women in Religion Religion and Ecology Religion and Healing in Native America Statement: Recent Publications: "In the Space Between the Earth and the Sky" in Native Religions and Cultures of North America: Anthropology of the Sacred , Lawrence E. Sullivan, editor, Continuum, New York 2000. "Vine Deloria Jr., Critic and Coyote: Transforming Universal Conceptions," a festschrift for Vine Deloria Jr., in press. "The Presence of Isanaklesh. The Apache Female Deity and the Path of Pollen," updated and reprinted in Unspoken Worlds: Women's Religious Lives , Wadsworth Press, Third Edition, 2000.

64. Any Search Info - Directory Society Religion And Spirituality Native American Asatru and Native American Spirituality Article by an Asatru practitioner on similarities between traditional tribal European and native american religions. http://search-info.com/search/engine/index/Society/Religion_and_Spirituality/Nat

Top Society Religion and Spirituality : Native American Description Directory Results: Categories: Tribes, Nations and Bands Arts Exploitation of Native Religions Folklore ... Society: Religion and Spirituality: Christianity: People: Native Americans Web Site Matches: American Indian Religion and Spirituality Essay by a Osage theologian on the religious traditions of various native peoples. url: college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/naind/html/na.... American Indian Religious Rights Foundation International organization defending freedom of religion and basic religious rights of Native American Indians. url: www.airr.org/ Asatru and Native American Spirituality Article by an Asatru practitioner on similarities between traditional tribal European and Native American religions. url: www.runestone.org/ind5.html The Bear's Byte Home Page Information about religious groups, traditional herbs, stories, prophecies, and various aspects of native spirituality from a HoChunk author. url: www.thebearbyte.com The Difference Between Wicca, Witchcraft, New Age, and American Indian Religions Article from a prominent Wiccan organization explaining the differences between paganism, new age, and Native American spirituality. url: www.medeaschariot.com/archive/version4/wicca/white....

65. AAR Syllabi Project: Religions Of Native American Peoples (Paper) Religions of Native American Peoples First, we will examine representative native american religions prior to contact with European and EuroAmerican culture. http://www.aarweb.org/syllabus/syllabi/p/paper/religions_native_american_peoples

AAR Syllabi Project Course Syllabi Contents Description Course Requirements Course Materials Course Outline Religions of Native American Peoples Instructor Jordan Paper jpaper@yorku.ca Institution York University PLEASE NOTE: I have not offered this course for several years, due to released time for course development projects. On my next offering, I would update both the reading lists, with more focus on Native authors, as well as films. Description Introduction to the study of non-Western religions, analyzing primal cultures and early civilizations using Amerindian examples, considering traditional (Ojibwa to Inca) and contemporary (American Indian Movement, Peyote Religion) phenomena and their interrelationships with Western religion. Canadian examples will predominate. The course will be divided into three parts. First, we will examine representative Native American religions prior to contact with European and Euro-American culture. In the second part, we will consider the effects on these religions of domination by the colonial powers. Finally, we will focus on responses to these deleterious effects, including the contemporary revitalization of Native religions. Course Requirements 10%: Class participation (including preparation for discussion as well as meaningful participation in discussion).

66. Department Of Religious Studies REL 235 native american religions. Finally, some contemporary expressions of Native American religion in literature and film will be examined. http://www.as.ua.edu/rel/rel235.html

Studying Religion in Culture About Us Degrees Courses Events ... Home REL 235 Native American Religions Dr. Tim Murphy e-mail: tmurphy@bama.ua.edu An introduction to the religions of Native Americans. The course will survey several of the geo-cultural regions/groups of Native North America, including the Aztecs and Mayans, the Hopi, and the Lakota (Sioux). The course will also deal with such religious responses to contact with Euro-American culture as the Ghost Dance and the Native American Church. Finally, some contemporary expressions of Native American religion in literature and film will be examined. Spring 2004 Syllabus (PDF) Hultkrantz (PDF) Sample take-home essay (PDF) Evaluation Form (PDF) Native American History (PDF) Major Divisions of Native American Religious Divisions (PDF) Aztec Theology and Mythology (PDF) Pueblo Indian World in the Sixteenth Century (PDF) The Great Vision (PDF) The Revelation of Handsome Lake (PDF) War and Culture: The Iroquois Experience (PDF) The Shawnee Prophets Speech to General Harrison (PDF)

67. Listening To Native Americans - John Barry Ryan I only dared propose a course on native american religions because I had researched Navajo prayer forms for two papers that I presented, one in 1985 at the http://www.op.org/DomCentral/library/native.htm

Vol. 31, No.1 Winter 1996 pp. 24-36 Listening to Native Americans: Making Peace with the Past for the Future John Barry Ryan John Barry Ryan is Professor of Religious Studies and a member of the Peace Studies faculty at Manhattan College. His research interests include liturgical studies and American Indian religions. It is a Native American tradition to introduce oneself before one speaks. In that spirit, I begin with some steps in my own journey of listening to Native Americans. I acknowledge at the outset that for most of my life I did not listen, maybe could not listen. But for a decade now, I have been attempting to listen to Native Americans. "Attempting" is the appropriate word because I am very much aware that I bring preconceptions, hardheadedness, and lack of attention to the conversation. Even worse, Native Americans have taught me that I carry a much heavier burden. I view the world from the conqueror's point of view, which informs everything I do. I knew this intellectually, but in listening to Native Americans I understand more concretely and in some detail what it means. I only dared propose a course on Native American Religions because I had researched Navajo prayer forms for two papers that I presented, one in 1985 at the annual meeting of the North American Academy of Liturgy and the other in 1991 at the biannual meeting of

68. Kalamazoo College Library Religion in Native North America. native american religions North America, E 98 .R3 N38 1989, Reference. native american religions, E 98 .R3 G48, Reference. http://www.kzoo.edu/is/library/course_guides/relg_235.html

var contact_email="reference@kzoo.edu"; //put your own contact email here //set the main navigational section you are in to true; sectionGive = false; sectionAbout=false; sectionAcademics=false; sectionAdmission =false; sectionAlum =false; sectionNews =false; sectionResources =true; sectionStudent =false; sectionSports =false; Library Catalog (Ariadne) Resources Library Services Help! ... Kalamazoo College Upjohn Library Native American Religions Religion 235 Religion Research Guide Library Home Native American Religions (course home page) Ask a Librarian Religion Dept. Page Academic Resource Center How to Find: Books Journal Articles Web Sites Citing Sources Using Catalogs to locate books: Ariadne Search by Keyword Find and Use Subject Headings Browse the shelves by Call Number InMICH Search by Keyword Find and Use Subject Headings About InMICH WestCat - Western Michigan's catalog Search by Keyword Find and Use Subject Headings Browse the shelves by Call Number How to get to Western WorldCat and Interlibrary Loan Search by Keyword Find and Use Subject Headings Order item through Interlibrary Loan

69. Native American Studies - Religions And Spirituality Resources An annotated directory of Internet resources on native american Studies. native american Spirituality Religion Directory of Online Her importance to native american Catholics, past and present learning about the native american Culture and Ancient http://www.academicinfo.net/nativeamrelig.html

Academic Info Home Search Index Contact ... Native American Studies Religion Religion Native American Aboriginal Star Knowledge Native American Astronomy Las Casas News Dominican ministry among the Cheyenne and Arapahoe Imaging and Imagining the Ghost Dance James Mooney's Illustrations and Photographs, 1891-1893 Marquette University Libraries - University Archives Photo Exhibits Kateri, Our Sister "Christianity among the Indians of the Americas is exemplified in the religious lifestyle of Kateri Tekakwitha, a Mohawk Indian woman now regarded as a saint by her followers. Her importance to Native American Catholics, past and present, is illustrated with photographs and quotations from interviews." Myths and Legends of the Sioux Online version of the 1916, 1st ed. by Marie L. McLaughlin Native American Spirituality A brief introduction from the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance Page Navajo Ceremonials Part of Karen M. Strom's

70. Native American Studies - American Indian Resources - Academic Info A directory of Internet resources on native american Studies. Academic Info. native american Studies Directory of Online Resources Tribal Local Histories. Art Culture. religions Spirituality. Law Government http://www.academicinfo.net/nativeam.html

Academic Info Native American Studies - Directory of Online Resources Home Search Index Contact ... American Studies Native American Studies Table of Contents Digital Library Databases Image Galleries Online Exhibits ... Reference Desk See Also Australian Aboriginal Studies Canadian First Nations Native Hawai`ians American West ... U.S. History Gateway Advertisers Sponsor this page for $200 per year. Find Books on Native American Studies Anthropology - North America University of Phoenix Online Earn your degree 100% online. Questia TheFreeDictionary.com FreeEncyclopedia ESL - Improve Your English ... Lab Band Surgery - The Weight Loss Institute offers research on weight loss and diet pills Online Education.net Online Degrees College-Campus.com ... Auto Insurance Cheap Degree Programs Online Degrees Business Criminal Justice Culinary Arts ... Technical Colleges Test Prep Resources DAT Nursing GRE SAT / ACT ... Sponsor this page for $200 per year. Home Search Index Contact ... Advertise Maintained by Mike Madin.

71. The Religious Movements Homepage: Native American Church Beliefs, Rituals, and Festivals. Principal Beliefs The native american Church represents a fusion of Christianity with traditional american Indian religions. http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/nachurch.htm

The Religious Movements Homepage Project @The University of Virginia Native American Church Profile History Beliefs and Rituals Controversies ... Cult Controversies Teaching Resources Email Profile of the Group Name: The Native American Church Founder: The Native American Church is rooted in practices thousands of years old. John Wilson, Quanah Parker, and James Mooney were all instrumental in the early growth of what would become the Native American Church in the United States. When the church was incorporated in 1918, its first president was Frank Eagle. Date and Place of Birth: Various. Year Founded: Formal incorporation was in 1918. Sacred or Revered Texts: The Bible, as a Christian church; American Indian elements are not text-based. Size of Group: An estimated 250,000 adherents. Local churches are found among a great many of the hundreds of Indian tribes in the United States. Religious Family: Iindigenous religions.

72. Thorgaud's Pad native american, mythology, Earth religions and other information. http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Vines/3744/

73. Medea's Chariot :: Wicca Is Not White Witchcraft Article from a prominent Wiccan organization explaining the differences between paganism, new age, and native american spirituality. http://www.medeaschariot.com/archive/version4/wicca/white.htm

Wicca and Magick What may come as a surprise to many people who explore Wicca entirely for its occult aspects is that Wicca sometimes has nothing to do with magick. Although this is not the case for me, and most other Wiccans I know do not consider it the case for themselves, I would like to point out this distinction as further evidence that "white witchcraft" is neither an accurate nor suitable definition of Wicca. I can't pound into people's heads enough that Wicca is a religion rather than any of the following: 1. White Witchcraft Not all Wiccans cast spells. They do worship a Goddess, in some traditions (such as mine) a God as well, and I suspect that all do ritual sooner or later. To give a parallel that might sink in, some Wiccans take a ceremonial approach similar to the Catholic Church, with women and a more pleasant view on birth control. 2. New Age Movement Mature, informed Wiccans are NOT New Agers. We play nicely with New Agers, and some of their beliefs and ideas may interest us, but our defined philosophy focuses much more on dealing with the ordinary world and managing its sometimes harsh realities, while New Agers believe that the solution to life's problems is banishing negativity, and at least in my experience, paying a lot of money to do so. In the New Age movement you will find extensive focus on channeling, Angels, and external spirit guidance. Wiccans do call upon spirit guides and some do work with Angels and channeling, but it is not the main focus of our work by any means.

74. Native American Religion In Early America - The Seventeenth And Eighteenth Centu spectrum of results, ranging from native peoples accepting at revitalizing traditional Indian religions and, in their resistance to Euroamerican efforts at http://www.nhc.rtp.nc.us/tserve/eighteen/ekeyinfo/natrel.htm

from the National Humanities ... 17th and 18th Centuries Essay: Native American Religion in Early America Christine Leigh Heyrman Department of History, University of Delaware National Humanities Center Links to online resources Related info in "Getting Back to You" Works cited Teaching about Native American religion is a challenging task to tackle with students at any level, if only because the Indian systems of belief and ritual were as legion as the tribes inhabiting North America. So let's begin by trimming down that bewildering variety to manageable proportions with three glittering generalizations (which might, with luck, prove more useful than misleading). First, at the time of European contact, all but the simplest indigenous cultures in North America had developed coherent religious systems that included cosmologiescreation myths, transmitted orally from one generation to the next, which purported to explain how those societies had come into being. Second, most native peoples worshiped an all-powerful, all-knowing Creator or "Master Spirit" (a being that assumed a variety of forms and both genders). They also venerated or placated a host of lesser supernatural entities, including an evil god who dealt out disaster, suffering, and death. Third and finally, the members of most tribes believed in the immortality of the human soul and an afterlife, the main feature of which was the abundance of every good thing that made earthly life secure and pleasant.

75. American Religions Researchers invited to submit material (copyright). native american Free Exercise of Religion Act. native american Religion in Early America. http://religion.rutgers.edu/vri/america.html

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY RELIGION DEPARTMENT Home Academic Sites American Studies Ancient Near East ... What's New? Note: Some texts are buried deep in e-archives. If title link does not work, click source. General Resources American Religion Data Archive Internet-based archive provides free access to quantitative data sets (polls, surveys, denominational reports, membership records, etc.) from the leading studies on American religion (Penn State U). The American Religious Experience Critically acclaimed project for publication of electronic mss. in American religions has sections on regional ethnic women 's studies, American religious history Journal of Southern Religion (Briane Turley, West Virginia U). Teacher Serve Native Americans General Index of Native American Resources on the Internet Karen Strom's comprehensive catalog of websites includes indices devoted to culture history archaeology Native American Anthology This chapter of Richard Hooker's collaborative World Cultures Anthology includes native American stories of creation , the origin of death Native American Free Exercise of Religion Act American Indian Religious Freedom Act Amendments of 1994 Native American Indian Resources Paula Giese's award-winning graphic rich meta-site provides more than 300 web pages linked to 500+ websites of north American indigenous peoples ( Native Nations ), with extensive

76. Links Re Native American Spirituality And Religions Links re native american Spirituality and religions brought to you by A Woman s Journey, the only online guide to the best free sources for spiritual growth http://www.awomansjourney.com/na.html

HOME ANGELS ASTROLOGY AURAS ... Dana Tiger NATIVE AMERICAN SPIRITUALITY Visit our sites of interest below to learn more about Native American religions and spirituality. SITES OF INTEREST NAVAJO CEREMONIALS NATIVE AMERICAN SACRED TEXTS BEARDED WOLF: CEREMONIES, ... Teachings SUGGESTED READING Mother Earth Spirituality: Native American Paths to Healing Ourselves and Our World by Ed McGaa Buy it today! Visit Spirituality Books VISIT ... CENTER Articles on the Web Sacred Ecology and Native American Spirituality (Brooke Medicine Eagle) Animal Totems (Crystal Oasis Spiritual Magazine) All divinatory readings and advice arising from use of this site are for entertainment purposes only. Contact A Woman's Journey

77. TITLE 42 , CHAPTER 21 , SUBCHAPTER I , Sec. 1996. inherent right of freedom to believe, express, and exercise the traditional religions of the american Indian, Eskimo, Aleut, and native Hawaiians, including http://www4.law.cornell.edu/uscode/42/1996.html

US CODE COLLECTION TITLE 42 CHAPTER 21 SUBCHAPTER I > Sec. 1996. Prev Next Sec. 1996. - Protection and preservation of traditional religions of Native Americans On and after August 11, 1978, it shall be the policy of the United States to protect and preserve for American Indians their inherent right of freedom to believe, express, and exercise the traditional religions of the American Indian, Eskimo, Aleut, and Native Hawaiians, including but not limited to access to sites, use and possession of sacred objects, and the freedom to worship through ceremonials and traditional rites Search this title: Notes Updates Parallel authorities (CFR) Topical references ... Next

78. American Indians: Cherokee, Apache, Navajo, Cheyenne, Pueblo, Tribes, Sioux, Bla legends, and spirit of the american Indian will Read about native legends, heroes, leaders (like Geronimo And understand the religions of the Blackfoot Indians http://www.thewildwest.org/native_american/

Although the freedom of their ancient way of life has been lost, the religion, culture, legends, and spirit of the American Indian will always endure. Learn more about the Apache, Blackfoot, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Lakota, and Pueblo tribes. Read about native legends, heroes, leaders (like Geronimo), and great battles (like Custer's Army's last stand). And understand the religions of the Blackfoot Indians and the Cheyenne, who Kachinas are, and the background of The People (Navajo history). Enjoy the wisdom and peace that American Indian culture has with nature. Visit CyberSoup's Theme Park Attractions: What's New at CyberSoup Shopping Mall E-Greeting Cards Take a Quiz ... CyberSoup.com © 1996-2003 TheWildWest.org

79. Native American Creation Stories: Contents There are several language families, a multitude of religions, social systems, histories not a people, but a federation of six native american nations the http://www.wsu.edu:8001/~dee/NAANTH/CREATION.HTM

The Alsea Creation Stories The Cherokee Creation Stories The Iroquois Creation The Tlingit Creation The Zuni Creation The Iroquois were actually not a people, but a federation of six Native American nations: the Cayuga, Mohawk, Seneca, Oneida, Onondaga, and Tuscarora. In terms of power, they were perhaps the most formidable Native American group in North America, and the most represented in the imaginative works of the European settlers, controlling at their zenith a territory covering Massachusetts to Ohio and Quebec and Ontoario to Kentucky. They are famous in the "captivity" literature, stories about the kidnapping of European settlers, of the early settlers and make their most forceful entrance into American history by siding with the French in the French and Indian Wars. These nations, like most Native American nations on the east coast, were largely exterminated by this century. Their stories, however, lingered in traditions passed along by a very small group of people; the creation story here narrated was recorded early in this century. Popol Vuh Popol Vuh still exists, secreted away in caves below the earth, secure from destruction. The alphabetic

80. Metista: Spirituality And Shamanism For American Mutts all term for indigenous religion, earthbased religions, spiritual healing be corrected both for the preservation of traditional native american cultures, and http://www.metista.com/articles/aint.html

Shamanic Spirituality for American (and other) Mutts Shamanism: It Ain't Native American Religion! Starrhawke, October 23, 2000 When you hear the word "shamanism," what images jiffy-pop into your mind's eye? Do you picture feather head-dresses, buffalo hides, medicine wheels and dream-catchers - images associated with Native American cultures? Contrary to popular opinion, a "shaman" is not an Indian medicine man, and "shamanism" is not a Native American religion. In fact, many Native Americans find the terms "shaman" and "shamanism" offensive. The word "shaman" actually originates among the natives of Siberia, where it describes a specialized type of holy person. The shamans of Siberia interact with deities and spirits not only with prayer, ritual and offerings, but through direct contact with the spirits themselves. With the aid of rhythmic drumming and chanting, the shaman enters a very deep or

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