1. American Religions of north american indigenous peoples (native Nations), with extensive Navajo religion A Sacred Way of Life. Overview of traditional Navajo views on sacred land ceremonies of http://religion.rutgers.edu/vri/america.html

RUTGERS UNIVERSITY RELIGION DEPARTMENT Home Academic Sites American Studies Ancient Near East ... What's New? Note: Some texts are buried deep in e-archives. If title link does not work, click source. General Resources American Religion Data Archive Internet-based archive provides free access to quantitative data sets (polls, surveys, denominational reports, membership records, etc.) from the leading studies on American religion (Penn State U). The American Religious Experience Critically acclaimed project for publication of electronic mss. in American religions has sections on regional ethnic women 's studies, American religious history Journal of Southern Religion (Briane Turley, West Virginia U). Teacher Serve Native Americans General Index of Native American Resources on the Internet Karen Strom's comprehensive catalog of websites includes indices devoted to culture history archaeology Native American Anthology This chapter of Richard Hooker's collaborative World Cultures Anthology includes native American stories of creation , the origin of death Native American Free Exercise of Religion Act American Indian Religious Freedom Act Amendments of 1994 Native American Indian Resources Paula Giese's award-winning graphic rich meta-site provides more than 300 web pages linked to 500+ websites of north American indigenous peoples ( Native Nations ), with extensive

2. "the People's Paths Home Page!" - "North American Indian & Indigenous People" Pa Indian ceremonies represent a native american artists; paintings, sculpture; jewelry; and other media that are rich with beauty, truth, religion indigenous peoples of Southeast http://www.yvwiiusdinvnohii.net/art.html

NLThomas There is now a second URL for the People's Paths the original Cherokee language version http://www.YvwiiUsdinvnohii.net/mainindex.html English translation version http://www.thePeoplesPaths.net/mainindex.html Paths To NAIIP Art First Nations USA/Canada! Special Art Related Paths Individual Artists IACA Members Specializing in Southwest NAIIP Art First Nations Canada! ... NAIIP Musical Paths! **SPECIAL ART RELATED PATHS U.S. Department of the Interior Indian Arts and Crafts Board Indian Arts and Crafts Act of 1990 How to File a Complaint IACA Source Directory Listings by State ... FTC Facts for Consumers "How to Buy Genuine American Indian Arts and Crafts" (IACA) Indian Arts and Crafts Association "The (IACA) is a not-for-profit organization established in 1974 to support the effective protection and ethical promotion of authentic Native American art and material culture." Antique Tribal Art Dealers Association "ATADA members ensure that objects have been properly acquired and fall within the restrictions of laws concerning cultural sensitivity."

3. Native American - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia maintain traditional songs and ceremonies, some of A gathering place for the indigenous peoples of the on shamanism and male love in native american religion); http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_American

Native American From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Native Americans (also Indians American Indians First Nations Alaskan Natives Red Indians , or Indigneous Peoples of America ) refers to the indigenous inhabitants of Americas prior to the European colonization , and their modern descendants. This term comprises a large number of distinct tribes states , and ethnic groups , many of them still enduring as political communities. Depending on the context, the terms "Indian" or "Native American" may or may not include the " Eskimos Inuit Yupik , and Aleut peoples), which are very distinctive in culture and genetics from the other groups. The terms may also be construed to include or exclude the Canadian Métis Native Americans officially make up the majority of the population in Bolivia Peru and Guatemala and are a significant element in most other former Spanish colonies, with the exception of Costa Rica Cuba Argentina Dominican Republic and Uruguay . At least two of the Amerindian languages, Quechua in Peru and Guarani in Paraguay , are recognized as national languages alongside Spanish Table of contents 1 Early History 2 European colonization of the Americas 2.1 The Arrival of Europeans

4. Native American Religion This native american Spirituality Page is your gateway to accessing comprehensive webbased, as well as print, resources about the religions of native american origins of contemporary native american religion, and that of to embrace ceremonies or portions of ceremonies that provided power injustice to the indigenous peoples of North America http://cti.itc.virginia.edu/~jkh8x/soc257/nrms/naspirit_old.html

Native American Spirituality Group Profile Beliefs Native American Groups Native Americans and Christianity ... Bibliography This is an archieve copy. Please click here to access the current page I. Profile The diversity of American Indian tribes precludes a comprehensive examination of their religions and their belief systems. Anthropologists have compiled a huge trove of information detailing practices and beliefs of many different groups, this information remained isolated from popular culture. While there is a proliferation of popularized versions of Native American spirituality, there are often not the products of the tribes or their members. The beliefs and practices of many groups are sectarian derivatives of other native groups, the there is also a significant infusion of Christianity, and more recently, New Age beliefs and practices permeating these traditional beliefs. The origins of contemporary Native American religion, and that of their recent ancestors, can be traced back 30,000 to 60,000 years with the arrival of the first groups of people from northeast Asia. The religion of Native Americans has developed from the hunting taboos, animal ceremonialism, beliefs in spirits, and shamanism embraced by those early ancestors (Hultkrantz, 3, 12). Since these peoples settled in America slowly and in small groups over several thousand years, we still lack precise immigration knowledge. Beyond the directly inherited traditional Native American religions, a wide body of modified sects abounds. The Native American Church claims a membership of 250,000, which would constitute the largest of the Native America religious organizations. Though the church traces the sacramental use of the peyote cactus back ten thousand years, the Native American Church was only founded in 1918. Well into the reservation era, this organization was achieved with the help of a Smithsonian Institute anthropologist. The church incorporates generic Native American religious rites, Christianity, and the use of the peyote plant. The modern peyote ritual is comprised of four parts: praying, singing, eating peyote, and quietly contemplating (Smith, 167-173; Anderson, 41).

5. Native American - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Most indigenous communities in the United States also maintain traditional songs and ceremonies, some of love in native american religion) statcan.ca ( Aboriginal peoples of Canada http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_American

Native American From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Native Americans (also Indians American Indians First Nations Alaskan Natives Red Indians , or Indigneous Peoples of America ) refers to the indigenous inhabitants of Americas prior to the European colonization , and their modern descendants. This term comprises a large number of distinct tribes states , and ethnic groups , many of them still enduring as political communities. Depending on the context, the terms "Indian" or "Native American" may or may not include the " Eskimos Inuit Yupik , and Aleut peoples), which are very distinctive in culture and genetics from the other groups. The terms may also be construed to include or exclude the Canadian Métis Native Americans officially make up the majority of the population in Bolivia Peru and Guatemala and are a significant element in most other former Spanish colonies, with the exception of Costa Rica Cuba Argentina Dominican Republic and Uruguay . At least two of the Amerindian languages, Quechua in Peru and Guarani in Paraguay , are recognized as national languages alongside Spanish Table of contents 1 Early History 2 European colonization of the Americas 2.1 The Arrival of Europeans

6. Indigenous Peoples Of New Mexico Navajo Culture The Hogan Hogans native american Indian Housing Arts Co-Op NAVAJO religion A Sacred White Mountain Tribal Site Apache ceremonies, Rituals and http://www.cybergata.com/native.htm

Indigenous Peoples of New Mexico The Past Early New Mexican Culture Groups Folsom, Clovis Points and information about PaleoIndian points in NM. Chronology of Southwestern Archaeology Pueblo Bonito. Chaco Canyon. Casa Rinconada 1995 Site Guide in Chaco Canyon. Anasazi Pueblos and Kivas Anasazi Images Spirit of the Anasazi Anasazi Site Planning: Historic Precedents, Modern Constructs, and Multi-cultural Dynamics The Great Kiva in Chaco Canyon. Anasazi System of Roads Anasazi: Prehistoric People of the Desert Southwest Evaluation Models of Chaco Indian Ruins in the Four coners Area Sandals of the Anasazi Anasazi Country Road Trip Mysteries of Chaco - The Aerial Prespective Virtual Reality Archaeology Gran Quivira: A Blending of Cultures in a Pueblo Indian Village Southwest culture: Aztec Monument, Northern San Juan Basin. Chaco Canyon Picture Gallery Anasazi Archaeology at Mesa Verde The Mogollon Mibres Indian Ruins of the Four Corners Area Mimbres Archaeology The Mogollon Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument and Prehistoric Peoples of the Desert Southwest Pueblo History Centuries of Zuni Agriculture The legendary walls of Acoma New Mexico's Pueblo Indians - offers history, information

7. Rambles: Omer C. Stewart, Peyote Religion: A History every aspect of the peyote religion, old and when used in the moderation of native american ceremonies. indigenous peoples have been using peyote for medicinal http://www.rambles.net/stewart_peyote87.html

Omer C. Stewart, Peyote Religion: A History (University of Oklahoma Press, 1987) The use of peyote in some Native American religious ceremonies is one of the most controversial issues in America today. It plagues lawmakers, clogs the justice system, gets innocent people treated like criminals, sends almost every preacher into a tangent on evil and idolatry, and pops up in any conversation relating to Native American spirituality. Yet, for most of America, this is an unknown substance that we know zilch about. Peyote Religion is the answer for this ignorance of the subject. The hefty, 454-page manuscript covers every aspect of the peyote religion, old and new. Peyote, Lophophora williamsii , is a spineless cactus-type plant possessing psychedelic properties that is native to southwestern Texas and northern Mexico. It is not habit forming and produces no harm when used in the moderation of Native American ceremonies. Indigenous peoples have been using peyote for medicinal and spiritual purposes for centuries. Archeologists found large deposits of dried peyote in Texas caves that date from 810 to 1070, yet they know the use predates those deposits by several centuries. All was well until the first non-natives arrived on the scene. The Spanish missionaries were the first to try to stop the natives from using peyote. The Anglos followed on their heels. Over the years of civilization in America, the use and even possession of peyote has been a source of controversy and trouble all across the western half of the country, with states having differing laws and often being in direct violation of the federal laws.

8. Native American Studies Primary focus of this guide is Indians of North America the indigenous peoples of the religion/ceremonies, Encyclopedia of native american religions, Ref E98 http://library.csus.edu/guides/blackmer/NAguide.html

Ethnic Studies Native American Studies Introduction This guide is designed to help you do research on social, cultural, political, economic, literary, and historical topics related to Native Americans, or American Indians. Primary focus of this guide is Indians of North America - the indigenous peoples of the contiguous United States, Canada and Alaska. Sources listed below represent a sampling of the library's collection. Note that the cross-disciplinary nature of Native American studies means that relevant titles are often dispersed throughout the collection. Background Info Taking a few minutes to read about your topic in a specialized encyclopedia, dictionary or handbook may be one of the most effective and time saving research tips in this guide. These can help you define unfamiliar terms, locate quick biographical information, verify dates and events. Encyclopedia articles are often followed by carefully selected bibliographies or lists of references to other works, useful items to have as you begin looking for additional information. The following are located on the Reference shelves behind the Reference Desk area unless otherwise noted.. If you'd like learn more about research and online resources stop by the Reference Desk, or take a

9. 1998 IWG - Indigenous Peoples Gather At The United Nations sites and to carry out ceremonies according to could these violations of the native american Religious Freedom Act of Intolerance Based on religion or Belief http://www.netwarriors.info/graham.html

WGIP `98 Mexico Journal of Solidarity DRAFT DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES English Spanish Statement at Working Group on Draft Declaration on behalf of Mount Graham Submitted by Daniel Zapata 4 December 1998 Mr. Chairman, I would like to raise some points with regard to articles 12 and 13 by referring to a particular case in point. The following example will underline some of the basic principles behind these articles and why we require them to be recognized. For example, the continuing construction and existence of telescopes on Mt. Graham in Arizona, USA, is interfering with the practice of the religion of the San Carlos Apache and other Apache peoples. This is the consensus of Apache spiritual leaders and non-Indian experts as well. The project was found to be illegal twice in other court cases but the US Congress each time passed specific provisions of law exempting only that project on this Holy Mountain from the general laws that could have protected Apache peoples interests using procedures that violated even standard Congressional rules against authorizing in an appropriations bill. Those exemptions are by definition an exercise in discrimination against those who value the Mountain in its natural state. Furthermore, a portion of the summit is now completely off limits to any but the U. of Arizona which can arrest anyone who goes on that part of the Mountain. This is a move that deprives us of our former right to conduct our rites and ceremonies or to pray wherever we need to on the Mountain's high places.

10. Indigenous Peoples Of North & Central America Videotapes In The Media Resources native american Video Resources on the Internet. Bibliography of relevant books and articles in the UC Berkeley Library. Video Librarian. Acts of Defiance to hold illegal pot latch ceremonies. In http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/IndigenousVid.html

Mexico/Latin America The Movies, Race, and Ethnicity for fictional films (westerns, etc.) that present images of Native Americans and various ethnic groups filtered through the lens of Hollywood. Native American Video Resources on the Internet Bibliography of relevant books and articles in the UC Berkeley Library Across the Sea of Grass ( Land of the Eagle Traces the journey of Lewis and Clark and other early pioneers of the land beyond the Mississippi who made their way across the plains that were home to buffalo, grizzly bear, pocket gophers, pronghorn antelope, and tribes of Mandan, Sioux and Pawnie. See how thousands of these determined settlers turned these wild lands into wheat fields. And understand why the destruction of the vast buffalo herds had such an impact on the Indian population who depended on them. 60 min. Video/C 2364 Video Librarian Acts of Defiance In a widely covered 1990 protest against a proposal to develop Mohawk claimed land in Quebec into a golf course, the Mohawk of Kanesatake blockaded a rarely used dirt road to protect their land. The confrontation escalated and in the ensuing gun battle, a policeman was killed. This documentary captures in detail the struggles of the Mohawk people against the federal and provincial governments, the Canadian army, and the stone throwing rioters that the Surete du Quebec were unable to control. 1992. 105 min. Video/C 8143 Alcatraz Is Not an Island This program tells the story of the American Indian occupation of Alcatraz Island in San Francisco Bay which began in 1969 and lasted 19 months. The documentary interweaves archival footage and contemporary commentary to examine how this historic event altered American government Indian policy and programs, and how it forever changed the way Native Americans viewed themselves, their culture and their sovereign rights. c2002. 58 min. Video/C 9394

11. Delaware, Indigenous People Of North America 1969); MR Harrington, religion and ceremonies of 1931) and Oklahoma Delaware ceremonies, Feasts, and brief history of native american religious resistance.(To http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0815035.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Encyclopedia ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Delaware u u r] Pronunciation Key Delaware , English name given several closely related Native American groups of the Algonquian branch of the Algonquian-Wakashan linguistic stock (see Native American languages ). In the 17th cent., they lived in what is now New Jersey, Delaware, E Pennsylvania, and SE New York. They called themselves the Lenni-Lenape or the Lenape and were given the name Delaware by the settlers because they lived in the vicinity of the Delaware River. The Delaware evolved into a loose confederacy of three major divisions: the Munsee (wolf), the Unalachtigo (turkey), and the Unami (turtle). They occupied the territory from which most of the Algonquian tribes had originated and were accorded the respectful title of grandfather by these tribes. They traded with the Dutch early in the 17th cent., sold much of their land, and began moving inland to the Susquehanna valley. In 1682 they made a treaty of friendship with William Penn, which he did his best to honor. In 1720 the Delaware fell victim to Iroquois attack and were forced to move into what is now Ohio. The western Delaware sided with the French in the last of the

12. Native American Healing In fact, native american ceremonies were prohibited by law Not surprisingly, the religion experienced its height of spiritual growth and the peoples welfare. I know that http://www.garynull.com/Documents/nativeamerican.htm

NATIVE AMERICAN HEALING by Gary Null Native Americans Speak Out on Sacred Healing and Transformational Rituals Home Note: The information on this website is not a substitute for diagnosis and treatment by a qualified, licensed professional. In the summer of 1994, her promise of return was fulfilled with the birth of a white buffalo in Jamesville, Wisconsin. White buffalos are rare, but this one is unique because, as prophesied, the white buffalo has changed its colors since birth, going from white to black to red to yellow and back to white. Since each color represents one of the four directionsnorth being white, black representing west, red symbolizing south, and yellow depicting eastthis buffalo has great symbolic significance to Native American tribes, who respond to it as a Christian would respond to the second coming of Christ. It signifies a time of profound change upon the planet and a new level of responsibility for mankind. One Native visionary interpreted the birth of the white buffalo calf to mean that the four energiesthe black, white, yellow, and redwill realize that there is only one race, the human race, and join together in peace. Never before has the world been in such dire need of these understandings. As the twenty-first century approaches, our natural resources dwindle, and diseases brought on by technology rise. Many are beginning to realize that another way of life is essential for survival and well-being on a personal and global level. As one Lakota medicine man, George Amiotte, notes, "The general population are starting to wake up to that fact that we, as human beings, have a responsibility, not only to our own societies, but also to the earth."

13. Guide To Native American Studies Programs native american Literature native Experience, native american religion and Philosophy, Alaska native native american Studies focuses on the indigenous peoples of the Americas, on the peoples http://www.urich.edu/faculty/ASAIL/guide/guide1.html

Re-direction Page You requested the url: http://www.richmond.edu /faculty/ASAIL/guide/guide1.html This has been moved to: http://oncampus.richmond.edu/faculty/ASAIL/guide/guide1.html Please update your bookmark or link to reflect the new address. You should be redirected automatically, if not click here

14. Delaware, Indigenous People Of North America. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth E AlgonquianWakashan linguistic stock (see native american languages with the British in the american Revolution 1969); MR Harrington, religion and ceremonies of http://www.bartleby.com/65/de/Delawar-peo.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Delaware, indigenous people of North America

15. Mythology's Mythinglinks: Indigenous Peoples Of North America -- Pueblo & Athaba beautifully presented ezine on North american native traditions, past dance and music from the american Southwest, including The polytheistic religion of the http://www.mythinglinks.org/ip~northamerica~SW.html

28 August 2002 - 13 November 2002: this page is still a work-in-progress many links remain unannotated please be patient! MYTH*ING LINKS Kathleen Jenks, Ph.D. Department of Mythological Studies Pacifica Graduate Institute GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS: INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF north AMERICA THE AMERICAN SOUTHWEST General From the Smithsonian at: http://www.nmaa.si.edu/education/guides/pueblo/pueblo_map.html http://lcweb.loc.gov/spcoll/181.html This is a brief page for Zuni, Hopi, and Navajo specialists about the Peabody Museum Collection of Ethnological sound recordings, 1890s-1910s. These include: The first documented use of mechanical recording equipment for ethnological research was by Jesse Walter Fewkes, an anthropologist affiliated with the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology of Harvard University.... He took the device on subsequent expeditions among the Zuni and Hopi Indians of Arizona in 1890 and 1891 and published an influential series of articles on his work, beginning with "On the Use of the Phonograph in the Study of the Languages of American Indians," in Science (Ql.S35), v. 15, May 2, 1890, p. 267-69.... The collection also contains...recordings made by Washington Matthews approximately ten years earlier among the Navaho. The 264 wax cylinders have been duplicated on tape (AFS 14,737-14,754) and are described in notes and a concordance. The Peabody Museum has received tapes of the collection through exchange.... THE PUEBLO PEOPLES OF NEW MEXICO Pueblo Villages in New Mexico

16. Native American Studies, UMOmana, Course Offerings ceremonies, and belief systems of selected native american peoples, representing the major cultural regions of North America. religion 3030 Shamanism http://www.unomaha.edu/Uno/nams/nascourse.htm

Native American Studies Courses Native American Studies 1100 Introduction to Native American Studies: Anthropology 3220 - Peoples and Culture of Native North America A survey of the native peoples and cultures of North America, past and present. Topics covered include: economics, religion, social organization, kinship, political organization, material culture, gender and culture change through time. Prerequ.: sophomore or above with one three-hour introductory social science course, or permission of instructor. Anthropology 4220/8226 - Archaeology of North America: Utilizing the archaeological record, this course explores more than 20,000 years of Native American culture and lifeways in North America, from Paleo-Indian big game hunters to complex, agricultural socieities, anthropoligical theories and methods of study. Prereq: For ANTH 4220: ANTH 1050 or 4210. For ANTH 8226, permission of instructor. Anthropology 4260 - Topics in Ethnology: Specific topics for this course have included Ethnomedicines of the Americas and Native Peoples and Cultures of the Great Plains.

17. UUCA Sermon - Big Answer: Native Religions: Alive With Spirit - November 17, 200 women, or, betterput, a religion for Feminists of Green Man, and practice native american ceremonies and spirituality. writes, “If I were indigenous to this http://www.uucava.org/sermons/BA3_Native_Sermon_111702.htm

“The Challenge of Religious Pluralism; The Big Answers” " 3. Native Religions - Alive With Spirit Rev. Joan Gelbein Unitarian Universalist Church of Arlington Sunday, November 17, 2002 Chalice Lighting A Lakota Prayer Ate Wakantanka , Great Spirit,             To the east from whence cometh the rising of the sun,             And all thy living creation,             Thou hast added another day to my life,             For which I give thee thanks with all my heart. Mitakuye Oyasin             We are all related. Call to Worship             With worries and woes of our world weighing upon us, we enter in.             With the wonders and joys of our friends and families elating our spirits, we enter in.             With the awe and enchantment of this creation dancing upon our senses, we enter in.             Enter into this beloved community of connection.             Draw strength from its past.

18. Native American Mythology - Encyclopedia Article About Native American Mythology or Red Indians) are indigenous peoples and descendants of also Wabanaki) are a native american tribe located in Religious ceremonies are led by shamans, called http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Native American mythology

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Native American mythology Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The mythology This article is about a system of myths. For the 1942 book Mythology, see its author Edith Hamilton. A mythology is a relatively cohesive set of myths: stories that comprise a certain religion or belief system. What is mythology? Myths are generally stories based on tradition and legend designed to explain the universal and local beginnings ("creation myths and Click the link for more information. of Native Americans Native Americans (also American Indians Amerindians Amerinds , or Red Indians ) are indigenous peoples and descendants of those who lived in the Americas prior to the European colonization. Many of these tribally affiliated ethnic groups endure today as political communities. The name "Indians" was bestowed by Christopher Columbus, who mistakenly believed that the places he found them were among the islands in Southeast Asia known to Europeans as the Indies. (See further discussion below). Click the link for more information.

19. American History Paintings About Indigenous Peoples Of The 1800's More at native Americans and Land. painting it has a blended camouflaged native Pueblo in the Not allowed to hunt or to practises religious ceremonies, life on http://www.sssalas.com/na.html

Espanol Francais Deutch Dutch ... Survivors of Abuse Resource Links Fine Art Paintings About 1800's AMERICAN HISTORY American History Paintings about Indigenous peoples of the 1800's, portrayed by Santa Fe painter Susan Stone Salas. The Trail of Tears Cherokee Nation and other Eastern Indigenous Tribes were officially forsed to move West Mississippi in 1838. One in four would not survive the winter treck on foot due to freezing temperatures, disease, and starvation. Learn About The Indian Removal Act of 1830 Tears Of An Elder acrylic on canvas year 2002 16"x12" inches $1255.00 unframed Children Won't Know Acrylic yr.1999 12"x9" $550.00 Unframed "One Unveiled Tear Drop" acrylic on canvas year 1999 16"x20" inches In "One Unveiled Tear Drop" the dark horse has been shot portraying a dying way of life, the light horse symbolizes hope while the ancestors of old look on. Original unavailable Prints available Black Kettle acrylic on canvas year created 2000 7"x5" inches

20. MY NATIVE WISDOM--STEREOTYPE IMAGES did indeed apply to all of America s indigenous peoples. own dances, their own religious ceremonies, and their the 1950 s whereby native american Indian people http://www.ghg.net/higheagl/stereo~1.htm

My Wisdom THE AMERICAN INDIAN STEREOTYPE August 8, 1997 My people, Native American Indians, have among the non-Indian American people, almost as many stereotypes as we have tribes: the stoic, the drunk, the savage, the noble red man, the meek "squaw", the proud princess, the pathetic Indian; all of these types drawn against the image of a nickel Indian profile or dreamworld valiant Pocahontas. We suffer from being asked stereotypical questions also: Are you a real Indian? How do you say something in Indian? Why can't you Indians get together and unite? Can you do the Indian dance? These stereotypes imply that we Native American Indian people are all one and the same. We are not. The American non-Indian's failure to recognize the distinctness of one tribal Nation from another has resulted in a tremendous cultural loss to the United States. Such a monumental oversight might be excused by the fact that the Europeans who first invaded these shores could not understand each other. The Norwegians, Italians, Spanish, Dutch, French, and English presumably could not compare among themselves their experiences with the newly "discovered" native. Had they done so, they might have perceived that there were national cultural differences among the native people, similar to what they themselves experienced. Through the ensuing centuries to the present moment, however, ignorance seems the only explanation for why the descendants of those early Caucasians were still unaware of the diversity of American Indian tribal cultures. This national blindness has not only distorted American History, it has created a situation which diminishes the impact of the one universal quality that did indeed apply to all of America's indigenous peoples.

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