101. The Language Of Native American Baskets From The Weavers’ View The Weavers Aesthetic, Burden Baskets, A Set of Values, BasketmakingAssociations, Smithsonian National Museum of the american Indian, http://www.nmai.si.edu/exhibitions/baskets/

102. NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURE Cree language. Navajo language. Federally Recognized Indian Tribes. native americanBiographies and Wisdom. native american Names What are they called? http://www.greatdreams.com/native.htm

updated 2-14-04 PLEASE BE PATIENT WHILE THIS PAGE LOADS IF YOU ARE LOOKING FOR INFORMATION ON A PARTICULAR TRIBE AND YOU DON'T SEE IT HERE, E-MAIL Dee777@aol.com AND I WILL ADD IT TO THE DATABASE THIS PAGE HAS BEEN DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS TO SPEED LOADING. A THRU N - PAGE 1 O THRU Z - PAGE 2 FOR STUDENTS NATIVE AMERICAN HOUSING TEEPEE, TIPI, WICKIUP, WIGWAM, LONGHOUSE PIT, MOUND WORKING WITH A NATIVE HAND DRILL CLASSES IN CALIFORNIA NATIVE SKILLS HOW TO MAKE A WICKIUP HOW TO MAKE A CANOE NOTE! THIS IS NOT A ONE PERSON JOB NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURE Mitakuye oyasin! We are all related! It isn't too late. We still have time to recreate and change the value system of the present. We must! Survival will depend on it. Our Earth is our original mother. She is in deep labor now. There will be a new birth soon! The old value system will suffer and die. It cannot survive as our mother earth strains under the pressure put on her. She will not let man kill her. The First Nation's Peoples had a value system. There were only four commandments from the Great Spirits: 1.Respect Mother Earth

103. Native American Sign Language native american Sign language. Plains Indians used sign language to communicate.We created iMovies to demonstrate some common hand gestures. http://www.rcas.org/hm/nativeamerican/signlanguage.html

104. Athena Review 1,3: South American Languages in 1499, documentation of South american languages began with and place names collectedfrom native informants, using notation of the recorder s own language. http://www.athenapub.com/salang1.htm

free trial issue subscribe back issues Athena Review, Vol. 1, No.3 South American Languages Humans have been in South America for at least 12,500 years. As settlements spread along rivers and coastlines, both intermixture and isolation of South American populations occurred, with millenia of separation eventually resulting from barriers of water, rainforests, and mountains. Such ancient trends, overlain by more recent displacements of colonialism, have caused South America to contain the most diverse body of native languages on any continent. Many are now extinct, and others are mere remnants of what contact period sources such as Carvajal, reporting for the Orellana Amazon expedition in 1542 , saw as very large populations. A total of 34 language families and over a dozen isolated stocks with about 1000 individual languages have been identified in South America. This represents a high level of diversity on the level of language family compared to other continental areas. All of Africa, Asia, and Europe combined have only 21 language families, some of which have many more languages than any South American language family. In Africa, for example, a single family (Niger-Congo) contains 1436 languages, while another (Bantu) has over 1000 languages. In Europe and western Asia, meanwhile, the Indo-European family includes 425 languages, ranging from Gaelic to Hindi. Fig.1:

105. Survey Of California And Other Indian Languages all over campus, such as the Hearst Museum, the Bancroft Library, the Main Library,the Berkeley language Center, and the native american Studies program. http://www.linguistics.berkeley.edu/Survey/

News and Upcoming Events Recent Conferences and Events: Stabilizing Indigenous Languages Conference, June 11-13, 2004 Breath of Life, Silent No More, June 5-10, 2004 Survey Reports order form now available on-line About the Survey The history of American Indian language study at UC Berkeley makes it the top institution of the country in its field. The Department of Linguistics at Berkeley has a long tradition of excellent work in the area of American Indian languages, which was in fact its main focus in its first decades of existence. Dozens of dissertations and hundreds of publications on American Indian languages have been produced by the students and faculty here. Housed in 1303 Dwinelle Hall is the Survey for California and Other Indian languages, a research center and archive which provides workspace for scholars and students specializing in the field, and provides funding for fieldwork. The Survey room houses an archive of fieldnotes ( online catalog available), and manages a large collection of tapes on American Indian languages which are located at the Berkeley Language Center online catalog available). The Survey room also houses computer facilities to assist students and scholars in their work. The Survey publishes an occasional series of monographs

106. InterTRIBAL.net - Links To Native American Tribes And Resources native american TRIBES. The links provided here are for the convenienceof those who wish to find tribal cultural and language resources. http://www.intertribal.net/NAT/NATribes.htm

NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES NOTICE: Listing on this page does not constitute endorsement or approval of a site's content. The links provided here are for the convenience of those who wish to find tribal cultural and language resources. Click here to send us your link for listing on this page ALABAMA-COUSHATTA Connections The Alabama-Coushatta Nation ALASKA NATIVES Connections Tlingit National Anthem: Alaska Natives Online APACHE Connections Yavapai-Apache Nation Jicarilla Apache Tribe of the Jicarilla Apache Indian Reservation, New Mexico ARAPAHOE Connections Wind River Reservation Consortium Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma ASSINIBOINE Connections Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana BLACKFEET Connections Blackfeet Nation in Browning, Montana Blackfoot Nation website, also in Montana CABAZON BAND OF MISSION INDIANS Connections Cabazon Band of Mission Indians CADDO Connections Caddo Indian Tribe of Oklahoma CHEROKEE Cherokee Companion, Part One

107. Native American Times - America's Largest Independent, Native American News Sour The Youth language Fair will begin at 10 a. More . artists make a statement everytime they do something, Richard Ray Whitman told the native american Times http://www.okit.com/

Front Page General News Politics Health ... News Archive Native American Times Subscribe or Renew to the Nation's Largest Independent Indian News Source NEWS General News Politics Civil Rights Law ... Emerging Govts. Classifieds Gaming Employment Events Education ... Businesses Of Interest Letters to the Editor About NTN Contact Us Subscribe ... Advertiser Info Today's Headline Indictments handed down in Choctaw casino drug ring Four charged, face life in prison and thousands of dollars in fines Read [More...] Featured Stories Traditional Singer Shares Comanche Hymns on New CD CACHE OK 6/10/2004 Marla Nauni's gift is obvious the very first time you hear her sing. [More...] Native Man Lead Singer of Heavy Metal Band TULSA OK 6/10/2004 Heavy Metal fans, get ready for a full night of music at the historic Cain’s Ballroom in downtown Tulsa. [More...] Indictments handed down in Choctaw casino drug ring MUSKOGEE OK 6/10/2004 A series of indictments have been handed down stemming from a large-scale drug operation running out of a casino operated by the Choctaw Tribe of Oklahoma. Thirty-four arrest warrants were served in early May following an investigation that began when the Pocola Police Department learned that a number of methamphetamine dealers were using the Choctaw Gaming Center in Pocolo as a base of operations. [More...]

108. Celebrate Native American Culture, Wisconsin Lesson Plans, 1998 Day 2 Archaeology. Day 3 Archaeology Techniques. Day 4 language and Names.Day 5 Storytelling. Day 6 Celebrate native american Cultures. Bibliography. http://www.ecb.org/wisconsin/wash1.htm

Wisconsin Lesson Plans Celebrate Native American Cultures Fourth grade lesson plan prepared by Sue Hollenbeck (De Soto Area School District), Liz Sullivan (Sparta Area School District), and Ann Scheckel (Tomah Area School District) Day 1 History Day 2 Archaeology Day 3 Archaeology Techniques Day 4 Language and Names Day 5 Storytelling Day 6 Celebrate Native American Cultures Bibliography Wisconsin Lesson Plans Investigating Wisconsin History Exploring Wisconsin Our Home ... Wisconsin Powwow Day 1 : History Objectives To determine students' prior knowledge of Native American culture To provide students with background information on the history of Native Americans in Wisconsin, including migration, location, and population Materials KWL chart CD-ROM Wisconsin: Celebrating People, Place and Past World Wide Web map sites: Tribe finder Books containing maps Outline maps of the United States and Wisconsin Video - Investigating Wisconsin History , program two: " The First Peoples of Wisconsin "

109. Resources For Endangered Languages (emphasis On Native American/First Nation/Ame languages. Issues in US language Policy Endangered languages; NativeAmerican language renewal resource guide from Tribal College Journal; http://sapir.ling.yale.edu/~elf/resources/

Resources for Endangered Languages How To Financial Assistance Online Books Discussion ... The Successes Page This site is for members and friends of endangered language communities, with an emphasis on Native American languages. Please send suggestions to the editor at elf@haskins.yale.edu "The importance of stabilizing endangered languages is analogous to preserving the biodiversity of plant and animal species which supply medicines, foods, and the sustainability of ecologies." - Turtle Island Native Network Methods for revitalizing languages Native Languages Revitalization Resource Directory from IPOLA Teaching Indigenous Languages focuses on "the linguistic, educational, social, and political issues related to the survival of the endangered indigenous languages of the world." The article " Some Basics of Indigenous Language Revitalization " is a good introduction. See also " Maintaining and Renewing Native Languages Turtle Island Native Network Spotlight on Language - news articles on native languages. Issues in U.S. Language Policy: Endangered Languages

110. Native Languages Of The Americas: Preserving And Promoting Native American Langu Information, resources and indexed links about hundreds of american Indian languages and the native people who speak them. Includes a booklist and a children's section. http://www.native-languages.org/index.htm

Native Languages sitemap Support our organization What's new on our site today! Native Languages of the Americas: Preserving and promoting American Indian languages Welcome to Native Languages of the Americas! We are a small non-profit organization dedicated to the survival of Native American languages, particularly through the use of Internet technology. Our website is not beautiful. Probably, it never will be. But this site has inner beauty, for it is, or will be, a compendium of online materials about more than 800 indigenous languages of the Western Hemisphere and the people that speak them. Native Languages of the Americas Online Resources Alphabetical master list of Native American languages , with links to specific information about each language and its native speakers. Linguistic family groupings showing the relationships between Amerindian languages. List of Native American peoples featured on our site. Kids Menu of Native American information presented for younger readers. List of Native American books and other resources by and about American Indians.

111. Audio-Forum Selfinstructional audio video programs in 110 languages from Afrikaans to Zulu. Includes large native american collection. http://www.audioforum.com/

112. Main Menu: Native American Indian PlentyStuff Mik maq Cinderella compared to Perrault s durable myth; Mik maq links; Languagelearning and ART MENU american, Canadian native artists; galleries http://www.kstrom.net/isk/mainmenu.html

N ATIVE A MERICAN I NDIAN R ESOURCES M AIN M ENU Page Buttons Recent large increases in the amount of traffic to this website has caused the cost of keeping this site online to double again. Please help support this site with your contributions and book purchases. How you can support this website! There are over 300 web pages here. MainMenu leads to menus of independent topical sections . Page navigation buttons will always return you here. Down for revisions: TOOLS. NATIVE MAPS from environmental threats to native Nations to GIS maps that "window" Native info where it's at. Pre-contact Native North American links to many informative essays. Active State maps for reservations in MN, WI, MI, CA, AK (whew!), ND, SD, NY, AZ (linked-to AZ is historical background of Navajo-Hopi Black Mountain land dispute and page of links on this dispute), NM. New: WA, OR; Canada treatymaps; Canadian Bands-by-provinces, contact info; Material culture maps; Pre-contact housing. Buy Posters at AllPosters.com AADIZOOKAANAG IDASH DIBAAJIMOWINAN: Stories Menu True stories by Native authors from many tribes for InterNet. Norma Jean Croy (prisoner for 20 years) and Leonard Peltier (19 years) have stories here; so do the Little People. Myths and legends with tellers and sources.Picture stories; Author bios; Cinderella feature; E-texts; Language learning resources, word for computer. Items below are all menus. Dibaajimowinan: Native Narratives (19th c.); short contemporary fiction

113. Navajo Code Talkers, America's Secret Weapon - How The Navajo And Choctaw Langua Article on the american Indian languages used as codes in World War I and II, and the heroism of the native soldiers who used them. http://www.johnshepler.com/articles/codetalkers.html

A History Article Sponsored by LongDistanceRateFinder.com Windtalkers Buy at AllPosters.com Navajo Code Talkers, America's Secret Weapon How the Navajo and Choctaw Languages Scrambled Secret Military Communications in WWII By: John Shepler Private First Class Mitchell Bobb had the weight of the battalion on his shoulders that day. The message he spoke into the field telephone was almost certain to be intercepted by German troops who had tapped their lines and knew every move of the American forces whom they surrounded. To Ben Carterby, stationed at headquarters, Bobb spoke the message intended for the Battalion Commander, certain that it would remain a secret. He was right. To the listening Germans it sounded like someone had scrambled the transmission. But that was impossible. Voice scrambling technology wouldn't be available for decades. How were they doing it? This secret of Carterby and Bobb turned the tide of the battle within 24 hours after they implemented their "scrambled" voice messages. Within 72 hours the Germans were in retreat, and the Allies had taken the offensive. The amazing invention they deployed that day had no new technology at all. The men were simply speaking in their native Choctaw language. The Choctaw Code Talkers saved their battalion and invented secure communications in the closing days of World War I. It was to remain their secret, however, as the Armistice was signed and the Chocktaw men returned to their reservations.

114. International Journal Of American Linguistics A world forum for the study of all the languages native to North, Central, and South America. Inaugurated by Franz Boas in 1917, IJAL concentrates on the investigation of linguistic data and on the presentation of grammatical fragments and other documents relevant to Amerindian languages. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/IJAL/home.html

IJAL is now online! [Editor: Keren Rice] ISSN: 0020-7071 Browse a Sample Issue IJAL Electronic Edition Journal Description Editorial Board ... IJAL Order Single Articles or Back Issues Questions about Your Current Subscription? Change of Address Form Permission to Reprint ... Journals Division

115. Native Languages Of The Americas: Setting The Record Straight Site debunking various Internet myths about american Indians, from incorrect assumptions about Indian languages through theories about alien landings. http://www.native-languages.org/iaq.htm

Native American Languages Support our organization What's new on our site today! Setting the Record Straight (Infrequently Asked Questions) There is a lot of very good information about native peoples of America and their languages out there on the Internet. Unfortunately, there is also a lot of garbage. Some of it poses as scholarship. We have strived to include links to as much useful information as possible on our website. However, we are trying to present a correct resource here. Though we have linked to websites which take different positions on legitimate disagreements of theory or history (Was Michigamean a Siouan language? Did Pocahontas really save John Smith's life?), we have not linked to anything we know is substantially incorrect, nor to claims which are unsupported by any fact. Instead, we would like to correct some of the myths, mistakes, and just plain made-up stories of the Internet on this page. Aren't all Amerindian languages related? These 'languages' are really dialects, right? Are Amerindian languages related to Mongolian? Are Amerindian languages descended from Hebrew, Ancient Egyptian, or Scandinavian languages? ... By the way, is it "Native Americans," "American Indians," or what? Setting the Record Straight About Native Languages Q : Aren't all Amerindian languages related?

116. Table 3. American Indian Languages Spoken At Home By American table are consistent with those published in 1990 CP3-7, 1990 Census of Population, Characteristics of american Indians by Tribe and language, issued July http://www.census.gov/population/socdemo/race/indian/ailang3.txt

Table 3. American Indian Languages Spoken at Home by American Indian Persons 5 Years and Over in Households: 1990 Source: U.S. Bureau of the Census Release date: August 1995 (Data are estimates based on a sample) United States United Region Region States Northeast American Indian languages............... 281,990 5,195 Algonquian languages......................... 12,887 1,106 Athapascan-Eyak languages.................... 157,694 135 Caddoan languages............................ 354 - Central and South American Indian languages.. 431 21 Haida........................................ 110 - Hokan languages.............................. 2,430 9 Iroquoian languages.......................... 12,046 2,290 Keres........................................ 8,346 23 Muskogean languages.......................... 13,772 33 Penutian languages........................... 8,190 - Siouan languages............................. 19,683 85 Tanoan languages............................. 8,255 - Tlingit...................................... 1,088 - Tonkawa...................................... 3 - Uto-Aztecan languages........................ 23,493 22 Wakashan and Salish languages................ 1,105 - Yuchi........................................ 65 - Yuki......................................... - - Unspecified American Indian languages........ 12,038 1,471 Table 3. American Indian Languages Spoken at Home by American Indian Persons 5 Years and Over in Households: 1990Con. (Data are estimates based on a sample) United States RegionCon. Region Midwest South American Indian languages............... 23,618 29,466 Algonquian languages......................... 6,125 1,682 Athapascan-Eyak languages.................... 565 945 Caddoan languages............................ 74 228 Central and South American Indian languages.. 59 300 Haida........................................ - - Hokan languages.............................. - 6 Iroquoian languages.......................... 882 8,177 Keres........................................ 6 56 Muskogean languages.......................... 231 13,078 Penutian languages........................... 7 58 Siouan languages............................. 12,603 681 Tanoan languages............................. 82 849 Tlingit...................................... - - Tonkawa...................................... - 3 Uto-Aztecan languages........................ 153 670 Wakashan and Salish languages................ - - Yuchi........................................ - 65 Yuki......................................... - - Unspecified American Indian languages........ 2,831 2,668 Table 3. American Indian Languages Spoken at Home by American Indian Persons 5 Years and Over in Households: 1990Con. (Data are estimates based on a sample) United States RegionCon. Region West American Indian languages............... 223,711 Algonquian languages......................... 3,974 Athapascan-Eyak languages.................... 156,049 Caddoan languages............................ 52 Central and South American Indian languages.. 51 Haida........................................ 110 Hokan languages.............................. 2,415 Iroquoian languages.......................... 697 Keres........................................ 8,261 Muskogean languages.......................... 430 Penutian languages........................... 8,125 Siouan languages............................. 6,314 Tanoan languages............................. 7,324 Tlingit...................................... 1,088 Tonkawa...................................... - Uto-Aztecan languages........................ 22,648 Wakashan and Salish languages................ 1,105 Yuchi........................................ - Yuki......................................... - Unspecified American Indian languages........ 5,068 NOTE: The American Indian languages shown above are the major languages. More detailed languages are available from the report mentioned below. - Represents or rounds to zero. Source: Racial Statistics Branch Population Division Bureau of Census Washington, DC 20233 The data in this table are consistent with those published in 1990 CP-3-7, 1990 Census of Population, "Characteristics of American Indians by Tribe and Language," issued July 1994. The report is available from the Government Printing Office (GPO) for $51.00. The GPO stock number for the report is 003-024-08700-6. The GPO telephone number is (202) 512-1800. The Subject Summary Tape File (SSTF) 13, "Characteristics of American Indians by Tribe and Language," can be ordered from the Census Bureau's Customer Service Office on (301) 763-INFO(4636) or FAX (301) 457-3842. Also, a CD-ROM presenting these data will be available from the Customer Services Office in Summer 1995.

117. American Language Reprint Series The american language Reprint Series. Complete Catalog. Please noteThis page is no longer being updated. For a complete listing http://www.evolpub.com/linguistics/ALR/ALRhome.html

The American Language Reprint Series Complete Catalog Please note: This page is no longer being updated. For a complete listing of the American Language Reprint series, please click the link below: http://www.evolpub.com/ALR/ALRbooks.html ALR Homepage Evolution Publishing Homepage

118. Turkish Language And The Native Americans Turkish language and the native Americans. Traces of the Altaic Words ATA , APA , ANA and Their Derivatives in the languages http://ireland.iol.ie/~afifi/Articles/turkic.htm

Turkish Language and the Native Americans Traces of the Altaic Words " ATA ", " APA ", " ANA " and Their Derivatives in the Languages of Some of the Native Peoples of Americas By: Polat Kaya This paper is revised from Polat Kaya, "Search For a Probable Linguistic and Cultural Kinship Between the Turkish People of Asia and the Native Peoples of Americas", Belleten , Cilt: L, Sayi 198, Aralik 1986, Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara. Also catalogued in Canadiana , Canada's National Bibliography with the same title as above under Comparative Linguistics, 497, P. Kaya, C87-7257-9 MRDS Pt. 1 Abstract In early 1980s, out of curiosity, I was wondering about a possible existence of an affinity between Altaic Languages and the native languages spoken in the Americas. So I made a research, (although not as a linguist), with the hope of finding some living words presently used in Turkish and also in the languages of the Native Peoples of Americas. After all thousands of years ago, the ancestors of both the Turks and those of some of the Native Peoples of the American continents shared the same geographic area in Central Asia and Siberia. I wrote a paper about my findings through my research entitled "Probable Existence of a Linguistic and Cultural Kinship Between the Altaic Peoples and the Native Peoples of Americas." The following is a rearrangement of the original paper. 1. Introduction

119. GeoNative - Kreolerak - Creoles - Basque Icelandic Pidgin of pidginized contact languages among Basque, Icelandic whalers and native Americans in Canada....... http://www.geocities.com/Athens/9479/kreole.html

Kreolerak / Creoles Edukiak Kreolerak zer diren Munduko Kreolerak eta loturak taulen orriekiko Euskaran oinarritutako pidginak Euskal pidgin adibideak Loturak eta mapak Contents Creoles: an introduction Creoles of the World and links to placename tables. Basque-Icelandic and Basque-Algonquian pidgin languages Examples of Pidgins based in Basque Links and maps Kreolera Hizkuntzen arteko kontaktutik batzuetan tarteko mintzairak sortzen dira: pidgin-ak. Mintzaira desberdineko hiztunen komunikazio beharretik jaiotzen da pidgin bat, eta kode sinpleak dituen mintzaira bat izaten da. Hala ere, batzuetan, haurrak pidgin bat mintzatzen den inguruan hazten badira, hizkuntza hori bere egiten dute eta jatorrizko hiztun bihurtzen dira. Hortik aurrera pidgin-a kreolera bihur daiteke, eta hizkuntza baten funtzio guztiak bete. Kreolerak ez dira, beraz, dialekto eta hizkera oker eta osatugabeak, hizkuntza osoki gramatikalak baizik. Munduko toki askotan sortu dira kreolerak, baina oso errekonozimendu ofizial eskasa dute: hizkera baztertuak dira, zentzu batean. Creoles When speakers of different languages mix, a pidgin may arise as a form of communication. A pidgin is a language that mixes elements of other languages with simple codes. Sometimes, children grow up in a pidgin environment, and that language becomes their native tongue. After that, a creole is born, and the language fills all the functions of any other given language. Creoles are not dialects or half-langauges full of errors, but fully gramatical languages, complete communication tools for the speakers. There are Creoles in several parts of the world, but they are seldom recognised as full-grown languages.

120. YourDictionary.com • Language Dictionaries 50 different puzzles. language Dictionaries. Create an Italian charm braceletonline! Get Cheap Car Insurance Quotes Online. language Dictionaries. http://www.yourdictionary.com/languages.html

About Contact Register Store ... More Language Dictionaries There are 6,800 known languages spoken in the 200 countries of the world. 2,261 have writing systems (the others are only spoken) and about 300 are represented by on-line dictionaries as of May 11, 2004. Below are the ones we currently list. New languages and dictionaries are constantly being added to yourDictionary.com; as a result, we have the widest and deepest set of dictionaries, grammars, and other language resources on the web. New language dictionaries added recently are marked by a • bullet. If you cannot find the language resources you want on line, yourDictionary now offers 25,000 language resources on tape, video, CD ROM, and in traditional book form for children and adults in cooperation with WorldLanguage . If you would like to have novels, videos, games, and other resources in a variety of languages, you may now order them from our website even as you peruse our on-line resources. Simply click the link: Language Books and Other Resources in any language section. To support yourDictionary.com, please go to WorldLanguage through our website.

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