61. Native American Languages Act Of 1990 native american languages Act of 1990. (6) The term native american language means the historical, traditional languages spoken by Native Americans. http://www.webspawner.com/users/pakli/nativeamericanl.html

Native American Languages Act of 1990 Native American Languages Act of 1990 P.L. 101-477 (October 30, 1990) This federal policy statement recognizing the language rights of American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, and Pacific Islanders was quietly enacted in the waning hours of the 101st Congress. Sponsored by Senator Daniel Inouye, Democrat of Hawaii, the bill passed on a voice vote in both House and Senate without hearings or any vocal opposition. It authorizes no new programs for Native Americans, nor additional funding for existing ones, but is expected to facilitate efforts to preserve indigenous languages. SHORT TITLE SEC. 101. This title may be cited as the "Native American Languages Act." FINDINGS SEC. 102. The Congress finds that— (1) the status of the cultures and languages of Native Americans is unique and the United States has the responsibility to act together with Native Americans to ensure the survival of these unique cultures and languages; (2) special status is accorded Native Americans in the United States, a status that recognizes distinct cultural and political rights, including the right to continue separate identities; (3) the traditional languages of Native Americans are an integral part of their cultures and identities and form the basic medium for the transmission, and thus survival, of Native American cultures, literatures, histories, religions, political institutions, and values;

62. Native American Languages Home Page Pacific Northwest language of Lushootseed to demonstrate that although thereare commonalities among native american languages, each language should be http://depts.washington.edu/stepcofs/Curriculum/FInalTorresIndex.htm

University of Washington Educating Native American Youth Native American Languages Home About the STEP Program References Links This site was designed by a graduate student in speech-language pathology in order to provide educators with an overview of some basic differences between Native American languages and Mainstream American English. This site will also provide examples using the specific Pacific Northwest language of Lushootseed to demonstrate that although there are commonalities among Native American languages, each language should be understood as a separate and unique language that may differ from these generalizations about Native North American languages. Many children who have a primary language other than English must take the time to acquire their second language (English) that is used in school. Children will succeed and struggle with this language learning process to various degrees. This site hopes to convey that it is important for educators to realize when a child's difficulties with English are due to a language difference or a language disability. This site will also provide information and resources for learning more about how to differentiate between the two, in order to give a child the best chance possible not only at acquiring English but succeeding in school overall. This site is divided into five major sections:

63. General Facts About Native American Languages following sections will examine the five elements of language and how they differbetween Mainstream American English and native american languages in global http://depts.washington.edu/stepcofs/Curriculum/FinalTorresNativeLanguages/na_la

University of Washington Educating Native American Youth Native American Languages Home About the STEP Program References Links General Facts about Native American Languages Between 300 and 500 distinct languages are known to have been spoken in North America around the time of the arrival of Columbus, and well over two-thirds of these languages have disappeared since (Mithun, 1999; Krauss, 1998). Physical, economic, social and cultural changes have all contributed this vast reduction in Native language diversity (Crawford, 2000). Today, between 175 and 210 remain, with almost all of these languages still in jeopardy of being lost (Mithun, 1999; Krauss, 1998). Current estimates suggest that nearly all of these languages may be gone by the end of the twenty-first century (Krauss, 1998). Currently, the majority of Native American languages are spoken only by the generation of grandparents or a handful of elders. Today it is theoretically possible to reverse this language erosion; after all, Hebrew was revived in such a manner (Crawford, 1994). Implementation of Native language classes in some schools has helped to slow the disappearance of some languages, but has certainly not reversed the damage already done, as fewer children are leaning Native American languages every year.

64. Native American Language Products If the native american language you need is not named above please contact usto see if one of these products can be modified to support the additional http://www.linguistsoftware.com/nativeam.htm

Linguist's Software produces 18 font products that together support at least the following 89 Native American languages. Check the list below for the product that best meets your needs. Product Languages Supported LaserCherokee Cherokee LaserChoctaw Choctaw LaserCree Cree LaserGwich'in The following Athapaskan languages: Hän, Kaska, Northern Tutchone, Southern Tutchone, Tagish, Tanacross, Upper Tanana, Tahltan, and Tlingit. A customized version of LaserGwich'in also supports Koyukan (specify if needed). Because of the variety of diacritics, many European, Roman-based languages, including French, German, and Spanish, are also covered. LaserGwich'in can even be used for some forms of Chinese transliteration. LaserHul'qumi'num' Hul' q umi'num' and English LaserInuktitut Inuktitut LaserIñupiaq Iñupiaq (including their Base-20 number system) and English LaserJicarilla Jicarilla, Keres (both Western Keres Pueblo and Eastern Keres Pueblo) LaserKwakwala Kwakwala LaserLakota The following Siouan languages: Assinaboin, Dakota, Lakota, Nakota, Omaha, and Stony, plus English, French, German, and Spanish

65. GETTING TO THE NEW WORLD Distribution Of Founding Lineage In The three waves of migration proposed by some researchers correspond to threemain native american language groups — Amerind, Nadene and Eskaleut. http://www.psc.edu/science/Merri/merri.html

66. Native American Language And Literacy | Literacy And Language Team native american language and Literacy. We have brought together somehighly recommended resources for teachers, students, families http://www.nwrel.org/lld/nativelit.html

@import "supercss.css"; Native American Language and Literacy We have brought together some highly recommended resources for teachers, students, families and community members who are looking for good literature on or by Native Americans. There is a vast body of such literature, but it is often not readily available in school or public libraries outside of areas with large Native American populations. We hope to help make this literature and the resources that promote it more widely known and available. On these pages, we offer links to some outstanding on-line bibliographies, such as Oyate, as well as reprinted material from collections and annotated bibliographies, such as Through Indian Eyes and Roots and Branches . Almost all titles found in these bibliographies offer guidelines on appropriate grade level, subject area, and interdisciplinary applications. In addition, we have culled titles from two of these bibliographies and organized them according to subject area. We offer these titles as a means to gain them a wider audience both among Native peoples who seek good literature that reflects their experiences and among non-Natives who seek to learn the diversity and complexity of Native history and contemporary life. Publications Bibliographies Publications A compilation of work by Native parents, educators, poets, and writers, is for anyone interested in presenting non-biased material about indigenous peoples to children. It contains, from a Native perspective, essays and poetry, critical reviews of more than 100 children's books by and about Indian peoples, a guide to evaluating children's books for anti-Indian bias, a recommended bibliography, and a resource section of Native publishers and organizations.

67. Submarino Language Study native american languages 1 - 24.A Dictionary of the Ojibway Language Prazo de entrega Normalmente http://www.submarino.com.br/imports.asp?Query=&ProdTypeId=9&CatId=6205&PrevCatId

68. Area Of Study Native American Language And Literature Area of Study native american language and Literature. http://www.iseek.org/sv/22030.jsp?id=310619

69. ILoveLanguages - Your Guide To Languages On The Web , Gibbs Dictionary of the Chinook Jargon Online copy of an 1863 dictionaryof the Chinook Jargon native american language. English http://www.ilovelanguages.com/index.php?category=Languages|By Language|Native Am

70. Untitled Document Madison CT 06443 USA. native american languageS RESOURCES FROM AUDIOFORUM.Scroll through our offerings, or click a selection below http://www.audioforum.com/nativeamerican.htm

Page last modified June 1, 2004 AUDIO-FORUM, 1 Orchard Park Rd., Madison CT 06443 USA Scroll through our offerings, or click a selection below: Apache Creek Lenape Passamaquoddy ... Click here to return to Audio-Forum's home page APACHE : This basic course in the Jicarilla Apache language provides vocabulary and sentence structures used in everyday Apache conversation. Following a pronunciation section, lesson units include dialogs, textual and grammatical explanations and exercises for review and practice. Cultural notes on Apache humor, taboos, and idiomatic usages are interspersed in the 21 lesson units. A special feature is the regular comparison throughout the text of Jicarilla Apache with western Apache and other Apachean languages. The course is authored by linguist Alan Wilson, with Rita V. Martine, native speaker of Jicarilla Apache. #AFAP10. Jicarilla Apache : 4 cassettes (4 hr.) and 150-page text, $75.00. add to cart checkout When the Earth Was Like New : The historical and cultural background of the Apache people is placed in a performance context when Chesley Goseyun Wilson, great-great-grandson of the Chiricahua Apache chief Cochise, plays songs of friendship, ritual, and travel on the Apache violin and flute. One audio cassette (40 min.) with 128-page softcover book, $29.95. Order #S11325. add to cart checkout CADDO The Caddo tribe, formerly widespread in the southern United States, now resides in Texas. This program

71. Information On Translation Of Native American Language translation of native american language Direkte und detaillierte Infoszu translation of native american language. Linguasphere http://www.linguasphere.org/lib/translation-of-native-american-language.htm

72. Information On Native American Language native american language Direkte und detaillierte Infos zu native american language. nativeamerican language Suchergebnisse für native american language. http://www.linguasphere.org/lib/native-american-language.htm

73. Native Language Web Sites The Index of Native American Resources on the Internet contains a setof links to native american language Resources on the Internet. http://www.lakeheadu.ca/~jomeara/languageSites.html

NALA 2711: Introduction to Native American Linguistics Department of Languages / Faculty of Education Lakehead University Summer 2002 Native Language Web Sites The following sites contain information on a variety of World Wide Web sites that either contain information about Canadian and U.S. aboriginal languages or contain useful pointers to sites that do. One of the most useful sites for Native Languages is the Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas . This site contains an enormous amount of information about native languages, researchers, links to other sites, educational resources, and other information. This site is searchable. Contents are updated frequently. The Ethnologue site contains what is probably the most comprehensive listing of languages worldwide, and contains basic information about languages, language families, and estimated numbers of speakers. The LINGUIST List of Linguistic Information and Resources provides a wide variety of information on linguistics, and includes links for linguistics resources and personal pages of linguists. Lisa Mitten's List of Native Web Pages contains numerous links to web sites in the United States in Canada with native content, including many

74. Bibles & Testaments: Part III - Native American Languages native american languageS A CATALOGUE ORDERED BY DATE. FIRST PRINTING ofAny Portion of the Bible in the Delaware Language. Bible. NT Epistles. http://www.prbm.com/interest/biblesamerind.shtml

ANTIQUARIAN BIBLES II: III: NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGES IV: V: NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGES A CATALOGUE ORDERED BY DATE FIRST PRINTING of Any Portion of the Bible in the Delaware Language Bible. N.T. Epistles. 1818. Dencke. The three Epistles of the Apostle John.... New-York: Pr. for the American Bible Society, D. Fanshaw, printer, 1818. 12mo. 21 pp., all page numbers used twice. This is bilingual: The text in Delaware appears on the left-hand page and the English is opposite. Indian Linguistics in the Edward E. Ayer Collection , Delaware 2; Pilling, Proof-Sheets of a Bibliography of the Languages of the North American Indians , 1020. Bound in contemporary quarter sheep with marbled paper sides. Approximately half the spine leather is perished, spine now reenforced with archival tissue. Internally a clean copy. Mark More in MOHAWK Bible. N.T. Mark. 1829. Brant. Indian Linguistics in the Edward E. Ayer Collection , Mohawk 4; Pilling, Proof-Sheets of a Bibliography of the Languages of the North American Indians On Sam Bangs Pioneer Printer A very good copy of an uncommon indigenous-language item.

75. Anthropology, University Of Oklahoma .. Department of Anthropology native american language Program. Since 1991 the AnthropologyDepartment has offered classes in several native american languages. http://www.ou.edu/anthropology/nalp/

Anthropology Department Graduate Programs Undergraduate Program Native American ... Contact Information Department of Anthropology Native American Language Program Languages: Cherokee Choctaw Creek Kiowa Since 1991 the Anthropology Department has offered classes in several Native American languages. The language courses combine lessons in the grammar of the language with vocabulary lessons and supplementary material and activities designed to situate language learning in cultural and historical context. Students in the beginning classes work with simple sentences and then, in the more advanced classes, with increasingly complex sentences with more than one clause. At first, the student masters frequently used forms and then progresses to less frequently used forms. Considerable class time is spent on conversation, but the students also learn to read and write in the language. Students learn at least 1000 lexical items during the three-semester series. Students also work with language tapes in the language lab. BOBBY BLOSSOM University of Oklahoma Anthropology Department. Webmaster:

76. Obscure Language Links Asians And Native Americans - November 8, 1998 has found compelling similarities between Ket, a language spoken by just 500 peoplein remote Siberia, and NaDene, a family of native american languages. http://www.lds-mormon.com/science_languages_reut.shtml

Obscure language links Asians and Native Americans November 8, 1998 In this story: Speakers formed a single population Similar words for birch bark Evidence of several migrations WASHINGTON (Reuters) A few words in one of the planet's most obscure languages support the theory that Native Americans left Asia in several separate migrations, a linguist said in an article to be released Monday. Merritt Ruhlen of Stanford University has found compelling similarities between Ket, a language spoken by just 500 people in remote Siberia, and Na-Dene, a family of Native American languages. Writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, he gives examples of 36 words that are similar in the two language families, including the words for birch bark, children and rabbit. Speakers formed a single population Ket is a member of the Yeniseian family of languages. All the other languages in the family became extinct in the 19th century. Na-Dene (pronounced nah-den-EY) has four branches, including Tlingit and Eyak, spoken in western Canada and Alaska, as well as Navajo and Apache. "It would seem that Na-Dene and Yeniseian must have once formed a single population in Eurasia," Ruhlen wrote.

77. Tsalagi And Other Native Links A Great list of sites dealing with Translation of Native AmericanLanguage at NBCi.com. native american language Resources list. http://www.csusm.edu/public/raven/cherokee.dir/natamlinks.html

Online Resources Cherokee Sites General Native American Sites Search Engines The Official site of the Cherokee Nation The Cherokee National Historical Society is an excellent starting point for Cherokee information on the web. The Red Nation of the Cherokee site. This site has a wonderful links section, with a lot of sites that can probably answer your questions. The Museum of the Cherokee Indian in Cherokee, North Carolina, I especially like their FAQ page. Their Gift Shop has some books and other items available. This page, entitled , has a wonderful links list which I highly recommend for anyone looking for specific information about Cherokees as well as other Native topics. Rick Uwasgadoga's page with lots of great info. This site has grown and is just awesome the last time I looked, I especially like his CWY links, if you are looking for more info, definitely check it out. The United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma, their home page, and their page of Links , which I highly recommend. They also list their telephone number, and are friendly enough to answer some questions.

78. Phrasebase™ - NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE Facts And Information, NATIVE AMERICAN L native american language Facts and Information, native american language Statistics,native american language of the World, native american language Facts http://www.phrasebase.com/languages/index.php?cat=566

79. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Native American Languages (Language And Linguistics) - E AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete informationon native american languages, Language And Linguistics. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/N/NatvAmlang.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 10, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Language And Linguistics ... Native American languages By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z N Native American languages, Language And Linguistics Related Category: Language And Linguistics Native American languages, languages of the native peoples of the Western Hemisphere and their descendants. A number of the Native American languages that were spoken at the time of the European arrival in the New World in the late 15th cent. have become extinct, but many of them are still in use today. The classification "Native American languages" is geographical rather than linguistic, since those languages do not belong to a single linguistic family, or stock, as the Indo-European or Afroasiatic languages do. There is no part of the world with as many distinctly different native languages as the Western Hemisphere. Because the number of indigenous American tongues is so large, it is convenient to discuss them under three geographical divisions: North America (excluding Mexico), Mexico and Central America, and South America and the West Indies. It is not possible to determine exactly how many languages were spoken in the New World before the arrival of Europeans or how many people spoke these languages. Some scholars estimate that the Western Hemisphere at the time of the first European contact was inhabited by 40 million people who spoke 1,800 different tongues. Another widely accepted estimate suggests that at the time of Columbus more than 15 million speakers throughout the Western Hemisphere used more than 2,000 languages; the geographic divisions within that estimate are 300 separate tongues native to some 1.5 million Native Americans N of Mexico, 300 different languages spoken by roughly 5 million people in Mexico and Central America, and more than 1,400 distinct tongues used by 9 million Native Americans in South America and the West Indies.

80. Southwest Native American Language Revitalization Act Of 2003 To authorize a native american language demonstration program at the Universityof New Mexico at Albuquerque, in consortium with the Linguistic Institute for http://www.theorator.com/bills108/s1377.html

Home PageTwo Bill Page Nation ... Feedback 108th CONGRESS 1st Session S. 1377 To authorize a Native American language demonstration program at the University of New Mexico at Albuquerque, in consortium with the Linguistic Institute for Native Americans. IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES July 8, 2003 Mr. BINGAMAN (for himself and Mr. DOMENICI) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs A BILL To authorize a Native American language demonstration program at the University of New Mexico at Albuquerque, in consortium with the Linguistic Institute for Native Americans. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the `Southwest Native American Language Revitalization Act of 2003'. SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS. In this Act: (1) NATIVE AMERICAN- The term `Native American' has the meaning given the term `Indian' in section 7151 of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 7491). (2) NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGE- The term `Native American language' means a historical, traditional language spoken by Native Americans.

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