61. Thanksgiving On The Net - The Pilgrims And America's First Thanksgiving During the american Revolution (late 1770 s) a day of 1863 President Abraham Lincoln appointed a national day of ll keep you informed of future holidays on the http://www.holidays.net/thanksgiving/pilgrims.htm

Thanksgiving on the Net Holidays on the Net Additional Holiday Celebrations The Pilgrims and America's First Thanksgiving T he Pilgrims, who celebrated the first thanksgiving in America, were fleeing religious prosecution in their native England. In 1609 a group of Pilgrims left England for the religious freedom in Holland where they lived and prospered. After a few years their children were speaking Dutch and had become attached to the dutch way of life. This worried the Pilgrims. They considered the Dutch frivolous and their ideas a threat to their children's education and morality. S o they decided to leave Holland and travel to the New World. Their trip was financed by a group of English investors, the Merchant Adventurers. It was agreed that the Pilgrims would be given passage and supplies in exchange for their working for their backers for 7 years. O n Sept. 6, 1620 the Pilgrims set sail for the New World on a ship called the Mayflower. They sailed from Plymouth, England and aboard were 44 Pilgrims, who called themselves the "Saints", and 66 others ,whom the Pilgrims called the "Strangers." T he long trip was cold and damp and took 65 days. Since there was the danger of fire on the wooden ship, the food had to be eaten cold. Many passengers became sick and one person died by the time land was sighted on November 10th.

62. History Official Site Of Negro Spirituals, Antique Gospel Music Martin Luther King s Day was celebrated in 1985; it became a national holiday in 1992. This event is a milestone in the history of African american it shows http://www.negrospirituals.com/

The story of the negro spirituals is closely linked to the History of African Americans , with its three milestones: 1865: the abolition of slavery 1925: the Black Renaissance 1985: the first Dr Martin Luther King’s Day. Before 1865 Almost all the first Africans who arrived in the New World were slaves. They came from several regions of the African West Coast. Their ways of living were described by slaves themselves, in some narratives . They had to work either in plantations or in town. Slavery was an important issue facing Churches, as slaves were allowed to meet for Christian services. Some Christian ministers, such as J. D. Long , wrote against slavery. Rural slaves used to stay after the regular worship services, in churches or in plantation “praise houses”, for singing and dancing. But, slaveholders did not allow dancing and playing drums, as usual in Africa. They also had meetings at secret places (“camp meetings”, “bush meetings”), because they needed to meet one another and share their joys, pains and hopes.

63. United States - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Christ, also celebrated as secular winter holiday. States of America and american to mean a national Motto history and Constitutionality; Historical Documents; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States

United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Server will be down for maintenance on 2004-06-11 from about 18:00 to 18:30 UTC. For other uses see United States (disambiguation) The United States of America U.S.A. ), also referred to as the United States U.S. America , or the States , is a federal republic in North America and the Pacific Ocean (the islands of Hawaii , and the Aleutians ). It extends from the Atlantic coast in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. It shares land borders with Canada in the north and Mexico in the south, shares a marine border with Russia in the west, and has a collection of districts, territories, and possessions around the world including Puerto Rico Midway Atoll , and Guam . The country has fifty states , which have a level of local autonomy according to the system of federalism . A United States citizen is usually identified as an American The United States traces its national origin to the declaration by 13 British colonies in that they were free and independent states. Before the British, and in terms of territory, the Dutch, Spanish and French had a stronger foothold on the New Continent where Native Americans (formerly called American Indians or Indians) had lived for thousands of years. Since the mid-

64. History Channel Classroom: on the kindness of their Native american neighbors for many years was considered a New England holiday. of Thanksgiving Day as a national holiday was advocated http://www.historychannel.com/classroom/admin/study_guide/archives/thc_guide.023

Home for the Holidays: The History of Thanksgiving Turkey dinners, footballs and paradesthese are the modern-day trappings of the holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November each year. But Thanksgiving is more than just a day of food and festivity. It is an American tradition that celebrates the bounty of the nation. Originating as a feast of thanks to both God and the Native Americans who helped the Pilgrims survive their first harsh winter in the New World, Thanksgiving Day is a tradition that has endured for more than three centuries. What started as a New England tradition eventually spread across the entire country and is American as apple pie, or in this case, pumpkin pie! Join the History Channel as it traces the roots, the history and the evolution of this quintessential American holiday. Home for the Holidays: The History of Thanksgiving would be useful for classes on American History, American Culture and Native American History. It is appropriate for elementary school, middle school and high school. culminate epitomize frivolous inept ... sumptuous Discussion Questions Although Thanksgiving has been celebrated for more than three centuries, it did not become a national holiday until the nineteenth century. How and why did Thanksgiving become a national holiday?

65. History Of Memorial Day 1971, Congress declared Memorial Day a national holiday to be Day is celebrated at Arlington national Cemetery with ceremony in which a small american flag is http://www.historychannel.com/exhibits/memorial/history.html

Memorial Day was originally known as Decoration Day because it was a time set aside to honor the nation's Civil War dead by decorating their graves. It was first widely observed on May 30,1868, to commemorate the sacrifices of Civil War soldiers, by proclamation of General John A. Logan of the Grand Army of the Republic, an organization of former sailors and soldiers. On May 5, 1868, Logan declared in General Order No. 11 that: An 1880 Memorial Day parade on Riverside Drive in New York City. The 30th of May, 1868, is designated for the purpose of strewing with flowers, or otherwise decorating the graves of comrades who died in defense of their country during the late rebellion, and whose bodies now lie in almost every city, village, and hamlet churchyard in the land. In this observance no form of ceremony is prescribed, but posts and comrades will in their own way arrange such fitting services and testimonials of respect as circumstances may permit. During the first celebration of Decoration Day, General James Garfield made a speech at Arlington National Cemetery, after which 5,000 participants helped to decorate the graves of the more than 20,000 Union and Confederate soldiers buried in the cemetery. This 1868 celebration was inspired by local observances of the day in several towns throughout America that had taken place in the three years since the Civil War. In fact, several Northern and Southern cities claim to be the birthplace of Memorial Day, including Columbus, Mississippi; Macon, Georgia; Richmond, Virginia; Boalsburg, Pennsylvania; and Carbondale, Illinois.

66. Today In History: May 30 Today, national observance of the holiday still takes place at Arlington national Cemetery with the decoration of each grave with a small american flag. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/may30.html

The Library of Congress Soldier's Memorial Day words by Mary B.C. Slade and music by W.O. Perkins, 1870. Historic American Sheet Music,1850-1920 Maj. Gen. John A. Logan Brady National Photographic Art Gallery, between 1860 and 1865. Civil War Photographs, 1860-1865 In 1868, Commander in Chief John A. Logan of the Grand Army of the Republic issued General Order Number 11 designating May 30 as a memorial day "for the purpose of strewing with flowers or otherwise decorating the graves of comrades who died in defense of their country during the late rebellion, and whose bodies now lie in almost every city, village, and hamlet churchyard in the land." The first national celebration of the holiday took place May 30 , 1868 at Arlington National Cemetery , where both Confederate and Union soldiers were buried. Originally known as Decoration Day, at the turn of the century it was designated as Memorial Day. In many American towns, the day is celebrated with a parade Southern women decorated the graves of soldiers even before the Civil War's end. Records show that by 1865, Mississippi, Virginia, and South Carolina all had precedents for Memorial Day. Songs in the Duke University collection Historic American Sheet Music, 1850-1920

67. BASTILLE DAY -- The Bastille Is Located In Paris -- It Was Being Used As A Priso national holiday is rooted in the history of the 14 July, was officially proclaimed the national holiday in 1880 simply a copy of the american Declaration of http://www.hightowertrail.com/Bastil.htm

14 JULY A NATIONAL HOLIDAY IN FRANCE compiled by Tseguereda Mogues see en français Le 1er mai c’est la fête de Travail LA POMME DE TERRE, UN LEGUME REVOLUTIONNAIRE May we also propose: http://www.franceonyourown.com This page and its French counterpoint are now receiving on average nearly 2000 visits a week Thanks Sorry, we do not have any pictures, but you can find some here Bastille Day Bastille Day, on the Fourteenth of July, is the French symbol of the end of the Monarchy and the beginning of the First Republic. The national holiday is a time when all citizens can feel themselves to be members of a republican nation. It is because this national holiday is rooted in the history of the birth of the Republic that it has great significance. On 5 May 1789, the King convened the Estates General to hear their complaints: but the assembly of the Third Estate, representing the citizens of the town, soon broke away and formed the Constituent National Assembly. On 20 June, 1789, the deputies of the Third Estate took the oath of the Jeu de Paume "to not separate until the Constitution had been established." The Deputies opposition was echoed by public opinion . The people of Paris rose up and decided to march on the Bastille, a state prison that stood for the absolute despotism of the Ancient Regime.

68. February Multicultural Calendar Black history Month; american history Month; Humpback Whale Awareness Month Hop Sun Festival United States Native american; national Holiday - Kuwait; http://www.aea1.k12.ia.us/mcgf/february.html

Multicultural Calendar February The Roman Fest of Purification was held during this month. The Latin word februo means "to purify," thus, the month of February was named. February is: International Friendship Month Heart Association Month Afro-American History Month Black History Month American History Month Humpback Whale Awareness Month (Sea Life Park Hawai, Makapuu Point, Waimanalo, HI 96795) National Children's Dental Health Month (American Dental Association, 211 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611) National Snack Food Month (Snack Food Association and The Potato Board, 1711 King Street, Alexandria, VA 22314) Special weeks during the month of February: National School Counseling Week (first full week in February) (American School Counselor Association, 5999 Stevenson Ave., Alexandria, VA 22304). Brotherhood/Sisterhood Week (last full week of February) (National Conference, 71 5th Ave. Ste. 1100, New York, NY 10003). February New Year's Festivals: Traditional Chinese - January or February Korean - January or February Tibet February Calendar February 1 St. Brigid's Day - Ireland

69. Government Services The national Museum of american history is featuring a holiday marketplace with arts and crafts, food tasting, storytelling, music, dance, living history http://govinfo.library.unt.edu/accessamerica/docs/smithsonianceleb.html

The Smithsonian Institution Holiday Shopping at the Smithsonian Store The Smithsonian Celebrates the Holidays! National Museum of Natural History Extended Hours The entire National Museum of Natural History will stay open until 9 p.m. on five Fridays, starting the day after Thanksgiving, Nov.24, and continuing through the Friday before Christmas, Dec. 22. Five Fridays On five Fridays (Nov.24, Dec.1, Dec.8, Dec.15, and Dec.22), the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History celebrates the holiday season with extended hours and special offerings in the museum stores. Late hours will give visitors more time to explore the museum and to view two recently opened exhibitions, the "Dresden Green Diamond" and the spectacular "Buccellati: Art in Gold, Silver and Gems." Cirque du Soleil Journey of Man On each night of the "Friday Night Holiday Festival" the museum's Johnson IMAX Theater will offer three screenings of the award winning Sony Pictures Classics 3D film "Cirque du Soleil Journey of Man,"

70. History Alive! America's Past Essays Columbus Day is known as Native american Day. II, Congress changed the name of the holiday to Veterans Usually the president visits Arlington national Cemetery http://www.historyalive.com/essays/haap/topic04.asp

On Our Site About TCI The TCI Approach Implementing at Your Site Preview an Activity ... in Your Methods Class Our Services Request a Catalog Get TCI e-News Price List Internet Connections ... Enrichment Essays Helpful Information How to Contact Us Frequently Asked Questions Site Security and Privacy Career Opportunities History Alive! America's Past Enrichment Essay Topic 4 Independence Day and Other National Holidays Chapter Connection: Chapter 12, The Declaration of Independence Independence Day and Other National Holidays Of course, there are a number of other holidays on the American calendar. Do you know what these holidays celebrate? American Holidays The word holiday comes from the words "holy day." The first holidays were sacred days in religious calendars. These days were set aside for prayer and rest from work. Countries also name special days to honor important events and people. But did you know that the United States does not have official national holidays? The reason is that we have a federal system of government. Congress makes holidays only for federal government workers and people in the District of Columbia (the national capital). Each state can make its own holiday laws. All states honor most federal holidays. Here is a list of these special days in the American calendar.

71. SAN FRANCISCO VIEWS... ATHEISTS NEED A HOLIDAY! but her vision and courage are history, quite clear April 13 be celebrated as american Atheism Day celebrations need not await national holiday status, and http://www.americanatheist.org/columns/sfv8-97.html

Magazine Home Print Edition COLUMNS On Target ... [text only] Web Posted August 20, 1997 A holiday for atheists... Atheists need a holiday. How many people would give flowers on February 14 if it wasn't for Valentine's Day? How many people would eat turkey in November if it wasn't for Thanksgiving? How many people would throw year-end parties if it wasn't for Christmas? Christians know how important holidays are to their cause, and they have managed to literally litter the calendar with them. Other religions have done the same. It might not even be legal for the secular American government to declare national religious holidays, but it sure happens. Nothing makes a movement more mainstream than having its own holiday. But atheism continues without a holiday. Over 25 million American atheists have no day to celebrate. How mainstream do you have to be to have a holiday? We like to celebrate, but we don't have a holiday. A genuinely atheist holiday would help us gain acceptance, too. So we definitely need a holiday of our own. But when?

72. FEBRUARY Celebrations From Brownielocks And The Three Bears listings and presentations visit our holiday archive. Low Vision Awareness Month american Heart Month Marfan Syndrome Awareness Month national African american http://www.brownielocks.com/february.html

All our holidays are validated with sponsors or organizations. We do not have holidays for every single day of the year. Sites that do, IMHO are making days up. Beware! all the details click the link above. To visit our old listings and presentations visit our holiday archive. Visit the Pages We did Specials for this Month on: Valentine's Day Fun History of Leap Year + Cartoon History of The Westminster Dog Show + Cartoon History of Mardi Gras (Carnival) + Cartoon ... History of Groundhog Day (or Candlemas) + Cartoon If you want "On This Day" in History information, go to The History Channel! They've got the best resource on the net. Want to know if anyone famous was born today? Visit Famous Birthdays! February Monthly Observances AMD/Low Vision Awareness Month American Heart Month Bake for Family Fun Month Black History Month Camellia Month International Boost Self Esteem Month International Expect Success Month February is Fabulous Florida Strawberry Month Library Lovers Month Marfan Syndrome Awareness Month National African American History Month National Bird Feeding Month National Caffeine Addiction Awareness Month National Cherry Pie Month National Children's Dental Health Month National Hot Breakfast Month National Parent Leadership Month National Time Management Month National Weddings Month North Carolina Sweet Potato Month Plant the Seeds of Greatness Month

73. Finley-Holiday Stock Video   Nature/American History Sets 1 Great Smoky Mountains NP, 2 Blue Ridge Parkway, 3 Glacier national Park, 4 Shenandoah national Park, 5 Grand Canyon national Park. http://www.finleyholidaystock.com/nature/sets/fh014.htm

Preview Clips Online - Broadcast Quality - Order Online - Fast Delivery Inspirational # 1 Use this section to navigate to other clip collections Go directly to another set Set # Title Americana # 1 Americana # 2 Americana # 3 Americana # 4 ... ADD TO CART Click the above link to order this collection online or Call to order by phone. BetacamSP available - call for pricing. Title: Inspirational # 1 Collection # Price: # of Scenes: Length of Set: Click images below for captions and to preview clips Includes audio Great Smoky Mountains NP Blue Ridge Parkway Glacier National Park Shenandoah National Park Grand Canyon National Park Glacier National Park National Cathedral Mount Rainier National Park Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona Yosemite National Park Great Smoky Mountains National Park Rocky Mountain National Park Grand Canyon National Park Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park Yosemite National Park Everglades National Park Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park Yosemite National Park Yellowstone National Park Grand Teton National Park Yellowstone National Park Blue Ridge Parkway Grand Canyon National Park Rocky Mountain National Park Monument Valley Shenandoah National Park Mount Vernon, Virginia

74. Finley-Holiday Stock Video   Nature/American History Sets 1 Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park, 2 San Francisco, California 3 Bryce Canyon national Park, 4 Bryce Canyon national Park, 5 Arizona Aerial. http://www.finleyholidaystock.com/nature/sets/fh012.htm

Preview Clips Online - Broadcast Quality - Order Online - Fast Delivery Aerials # 1 Use this section to navigate to other clip collections Go directly to another set Set # Title Americana # 1 Americana # 2 Americana # 3 Americana # 4 ... ADD TO CART Click the above link to order this collection online or Call to order by phone. BetacamSP available - call for pricing. Title: Aerials # 1 Collection # Price: # of Scenes: Length of Set: Click images below for captions and to preview clips Includes audio Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park San Francisco, California: Bryce Canyon National Park Bryce Canyon National Park Arizona: Aerial Rugged coastline and Pacific Ocean Black lava coastline Hawaii: Monument Valley Navajo Tribal Park Two-masted sloop in Pacific Ocean Everglades National Park Lake Powell, Arizona Great Smoky Mountains Glacier National Park Figure 8 interchange with cars Glacier National Park Grand Canyon National Park San Francisco, California

75. In Celebration Of Afro-American History Month of Colored People (NAACP) national Urban League Joplin, Duke Ellington, Ella Fitzgerald, or Billie Holiday. Our Africanamerican Heritage Portraits Pathways. http://www.umkc.edu/imc/blackhis.htm

In Celebration of Afro-American History Month Outstanding Achievers in Black History: Henry "Hank" Aaron ; Ralph David Abernathy ; Muhammad Ali ; Richard Allen ; Marian Anderson ; Maya Angelou ; Louis Armstrong ; Arthur Ashe ; Emmett Ashford ; Crispus Attacks Josephine Baker ; James Baldwin ; Benjamin Banneker ; Amiri Baraka ; Andrew Beard ; Romare Bearden ; Jim Pierson Beckwourth ; Chuck Berry ; Mary McLeod Bethune ; Henry Blair ; Guion S. Bluford ; Julian Bond ; Benjamin Bradley ; Gwendolyn Brooks ; James Brown ; Ralph Bunche George Washington Carver ; Shirley Chisholm ; Cinque ; Emmanuel Cleaver ; Nat "King" Cole ; Bessie Coleman ; Bill Cosby ; Countee Cullen Bessie Coleman stamp Angela Davis ; Aaron Douglas ; Frederick Douglass ; Charles Richard Drew ; William Edward Burghardt "W.E.B." DuBois ; Paul Dunbar ; Katherine Dunham ; Jean Baptiste Pointe DuSable Duke Ellington ; Estevanico Ella Fitzgerald ; Charlotte S. Forten ; Amos Fortune Marcus Garvey ; Althea Gibson ; Joshua Gibson ; Whoopie Goldberg ; Berry Gordy, Jr. ; George Grant Alex Haley ; Prince Hall ; W.C. Handy ; Lorraine Hansberry ; Matthew A. Henson ; Lucy Hobbs ; Billie Holiday ; Lena Horne ; DeHart Hubbart ; Langston Hughes

76. About The USA - Holidays > Presidents' Day The Presidents (PBS) · The american Presidency (Grolier Public Library) · President s Day (Holiday Zone) · Today in of the Presidents (national Archives and http://www.usembassy.de/usa/holidays-presidents.htm

American Holidays Introduction I Martin Luther King Day I President's Day I Memorial Day I Independence Day I Labor Day I Columbus Day I Veterans Day I Thanksgiving I Christmas Other: I Other Celebrations I Halloween President's Day E-Texts Celebrate! President's Day Outline of U.S. Government: The Powers of the Presidency President George W. Bush Inaugural Addresses Until the mid-1970s, the February 22 birthday of George Washington, hero of the Revolutionary War and first president of the United States, was a national holiday. In addition, the February 12 birthday of Abraham Lincoln, the president during the Civil War (1861-1865), was a holiday in most states. In the 1970s, Congress declared that in order to honor all past presidents of the United States, a single holiday, to be called President's Day, would be observed on the third Monday in February. In many states, however, the holiday continues to be known as George Washington's birthday. See also: Abridged from US State Department IIP publications and other US government materials.

77. The Holland Ring - For Dutch Living Abroad And Those Who Want To Learn More Abou Dutchamerican history The two countries have a much European Wooden Shoes, their history and diversity birthday (Koninginnedag) is a national holiday, which is http://www.thehollandring.com/holland.shtml

IMAGINE... You may say I'm a dreamer... But I'm not the only one I hope someday you'll join us... and the World will live as One John Lennon. Member Login Site ID: Password: The Holland Ring is looking for advertisers and/or sponsors... Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken: reisadviezen Dutch Clubs Weet U een Nederlandse Club/Vereniging in uw omgeving... laat het mij weten Immigrating/Remigrating ...and links for parents. Intersting Links Dutch Goodies - Where to find those Goodies from Holland!? The Netherlands - Some history and general information Dutch-American History The two countries have a much greater common history than many people know. Dutch Culture and Folklore Our Cheese, greetings, gestures, tulips, birthdays, christmas and much more... Dutch Folklore Costumes - Costumes from the 12 Provinces. Like to learn Dutch? Dutch Course in 10 easy to follow lessons... Dutch Food - Habits and great food links. Klompenmuseum Gebr.Wietzes "European Wooden Shoes, their history and diversity" This great book is available in Dutch and English!

78. NARA | Digital Classroom | Main Page be closed Monday, May 31, in observance of the Memorial Day Federal holiday. Our Documents A national Initiative on american history, Civics, and http://www.archives.gov/digital_classroom/

Where Is...? / How Do I...? Where Is...? Hot Topics / What's New The Constitution The Declaration of Independence The Bill of Rights Genealogy Veterans' Service Records Archival Research Catalog (ARC) Access to Archival Databases (AAD) eVetRecs Electronic Records Archives (ERA) Archives Library Info. Center (ALIC) Calendar of Events FAQs FOIA Reading Room Information Security Oversight Office Interagency Working Group (IWG) Locations and Hours (Facilities) Media Desk Organization Chart Preservation Prologue Magazine Publications How Do I...? Use this Site Order Copies Contact NARA Visit NARA Apply for a Job Volunteer at NARA Research Online Find a Public Law Apply for a Grant Find Records Management Training June 10, 2004 Sections Digital Classroom Main Page Teaching With Documents Conducting Research Locating Publications ... Growing Professionally Resources History in the Raw The Constitution Community Introductory Activity Document Analysis Worksheets ... Search in Digital Classroom Digital Classroom News and Events New Teaching With Documents Lesson: D-Day Message from General Eisenhower to General Marshall Teaching With Documents Lesson Spotlight: Frontiers in Civil Rights: The Dorothy Davis Case The Civil Rights Act of 1964 NARA News and Events The Reagan Library web site offers a condolence book, tributes, and details on President Reagan's funeral services. The library will be closed for regular activities through Saturday, June 12. The library will reopen on Sunday, June 13.

79. Discover Haiti: Haiti Main Holidays And Main Events January 2, Jour Des Aieux national Day of the Other Legal, Religious and Traditional holidays for 2003. in Port-au-prince starting the american occupation that http://www.discoverhaiti.com/history_holidays.htm

Search Site: Back to Home History Main Page HISTORY Recent Stories Deep Look: Tortuga Island and the Birth of St. Domingue Resources History Timeline Haiti National Holidays - Main Events Other Info Past Articles Deep Look Series Part 4: Tortuga Island and the Birth of St-Domingue Part 3:The buccaneers Part 2: The Spanish Conquest Part 1: The Tainos Other Articles Haitian History Summary Jean-Jacques Dessalines: 1758-1806 - Hero or tyrant? Part 1 The Haitian Flag Black History Month-2001 ... Song Fiere Haiti by E. Tardieu Haiti: Main Holidays Official Holidays - (Same date every Year) January 1 January 2 Jour Des Aieux - National Day of the forefathers May 1 May 18 Jour du Drapeau - Flag Day October 17 Mort de Dessalines - Anniversary of Dessalines's death November 1 La Toussaint - All Saints' Day November 2 Jour des Morts - Day of the Dead November 18 December 25 Jour de Noel - Christmas Other Legal, Religious and Traditional Holidays for 2003

80. Turkey Recipes, Turkey Preparation Tips, Low Carb Recipes, High Protein Food, He turkey burgers, turkeys are a part of the american tradition dating President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863, supposedly as http://www.turkeyfed.org/consumer/history/history.html

F rom the first Thanksgiving to today's turkey burgers, turkeys are a part of the American tradition dating back hundreds of years. However, many of us still know little about these wonderful birds. The following are answers to some of the most commonly asked questions about turkeys. E arly explorers to the New World quickly acquired a taste for turkey and took birds back to Europe. By the 1500s, turkeys were being raised domestically in Italy, France and England. When the Pilgrims and other settlers arrived in America, they were already familiar with raising and eating turkey and naturally included it as part of their Thanksgiving feast. Some experts think the first Thanksgiving dinner was served by the Pilgrims in 1621. Others credit the settlers of Virginia's Jamestown with celebrating the first Thanksgiving as their version of England's ancient Harvest Home Festival. President Abraham Lincoln proclaimed Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863, supposedly as a response to a campaign organized by magazine editor Sara Joseph Hale. In 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt moved Thanksgiving Day forward one week, as it is presently celebrated. B enjamin Franklin, who proposed the turkey as the official United States' bird, was dismayed when the bald eagle was chosen over the turkey. Franklin wrote to his daughter, referring to the eagle's "bad moral character," saying, "I wish the bald eagle had not been chosen as the representative of our country! The turkey is a much more respectable bird, and withal a true original native of America."

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