121. Aero Mongolia Co.,Ltd New domestic and charter airline, operating two fokker 50 planes. http://www.aeromongolia.mn/

Last updated: April 29, 2004 You are visitors: Today: INTRODUCTION Aero Mongolia is a new consumer airline that has been developed to take advantage of a shortage in the domestic travel providers in Mongolia. The management of Aero Mongolia is experienced in airline start up, the President and Board Members have been in the airline business for more than 20 years. Our customers are our priority-we provide the highest quality service, new aircraft with latest technology and competitive prices. Ticket Agent Photo Gallery Schedule more more more Home ... Exit

122. Festivals And Games Of Mongolia Introduction to the tsam dance and the nadaam sports event http://www.indiana.edu/~mongsoc/mong/naadam.htm

INTRODUCTION TO FESTIVALS AND GAMES OF MONGOLIA By Ts. Ayush "TSAM"- RELIGIOUS MASK DANCE Tsam is a mystery play based on Buddhist mythology. In ancient times Tsam were performed in big monasteries. This art of dance is almost forgotten now. Tsam originated in ancient India, and was brought to Tibet a thousand years ago by the divine Padmasambhava, renowned for his victories over demons and spirits. In the 16th century it spread to Mongolia. In Mongolia Tsam was enriched with elements of witchcraft and the pagan traditions of the nomads. The mystery play formed part of the local Buddhists' cult rites. The Tsam masks depicted the main Buddhist deities which numbered several dozens. During the 19th century, numerous monasteries were built in the country and magnificent Tsam performances were staged there. One performance a year was given at each of the 700 major monasteries. The last one was performed in the late thirties in the square in front of the Choijin-lama's monastery in Ulaanbaatar. There were three types of Tsam: the first presents episodes from the life of Milaraiba, a famous Indian hermit poet of the 1lth century, the second is about Khan Gessar, the folk hero, and the third, Erlik Tsam is about the struggle between good and evil.

123. Untitled Document mongolian fishing and fly fishing experts, organising angling travel in mongolia for Taimen, Lenok Trout, Grayling and Pike fishing to our own fishing camps and private river beats. http://www.fishmongolia.com

124. Mongolia And Wyoming/Montana Compares mongolia with similarclimate US states Wyoming and Montana. http://web.inter.nl.net/users/Paul.Treanor/mongoltana.html

Mongolia and Wyoming/Montana Will regional development in Mongolia follow the model of the comparable areas in North America? The states of Montana and Wyoming ( and adjoining areas in Canada) are the only region outside Eurasia, with a comparable climate and population density. At present a 'third-world' pattern, of primate-city growth and rural decline, seems probable in Mongolia. Revised April 2001. The comparison (between regional development in Mongolia and comparable areas) originally arose from a comparison with regional policy in Europe. At the website Lithuania-Ireland regional the regional history and policies of these two countries are compared. (They have almost identical areas and population, and both have strong nationalist, catholic, ruralist traditions). A website on proposed economic regions of Mongolia, no longer online, provided an extreme contrast in regional policy. The term 'regional policy' implies that there are different possible regional futures (spatial, economic, cultural), and that there is a conscious choice between them. Is any regional policy even possible at the low population densities of Mongolia? Is regional policy (a pillar of the European Union) geographically specific to areas of relatively dense settlement? The question on the future of Mongolia can be summarised like this.... At present, about 40% of the population are nomadic herders, the highest percentage in the world. Standards of living in rural Mongolia are probably comparable with rural West Africa. The Soviet-promoted local industrial sector has collapsed: it was mainly in Ulaan Bataar anyway. The national economy is now dependent on the export of minerals, especially copper. Maintaining nomadic pastoralism is not a long-term option: it would mean permanent poverty. It would seem that in the long term (more than one generation), the rural areas will lose most of their population. The rest will go to Ulaan Bataar, the only large city, and some to the mining centres (although new mining technology will not require extra labour there).

125. About Mongolia - Main Page General introduction to the country. http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/mongolia/about_mongolia.htm

Updated Countries / Regions Home Cambodia China India Indonesia Japan Malaysia Mongolia Myanmer N.Korea Philippines Singapore S.Korea Taiwan Thailand Vietnam Bangkok Beijing Hong Kong Seoul Shanghai Tibet Tokyo Areas of Interest Education Economy Politics Transportation ... Wildlife Culture/Tradition Art Map of Mongolia Click for Large View Travel Guide Weather General Information Mongolia is home to a homogenous people, with the Halh (Khalkha) Mongols being in the majority and other ethnic Mongols, such as the Kazaks and the Dorvods, in the minority. The Mongolians follow Lamaist Buddhism, although the number of true followers is not known due to religious persecution in the 1920's by China. Although Mongolia is a democracy, with separation of church and state, many Mongolians are considered to be be atheistic (nonreligious). In 1998, there were over 2.5 million inhabitants of Mongolia, with over half of them living in urban areas. The largest and capital city is Ulaanbaatar.

126. World Flag Database: Mongolia National flag and country details. http://www.flags.net/MONG.htm

Mongolia Formal Name Republic of Mongolia Local Name Mongol Uls Local Formal Name Mongol Uls Location: Asia Status: UN Country Capital City: Ulan Bator ( Ulaanbaatar Main Cities: none Population: Area [sq.km]: Currency: Languages: Khalkha Mongolian, Kazakh, Russian Religions: Buddhist, Muslim, Shamanist, Russian Orthodox National Flag [Ratio 1:2] Index What's New Flag Shop Contact Us ... The Flag Institute Created by Graham Bartram graham@flags.net Updated Tuesday, September 17, 2002

127. TRADE & DEVELOPMENT BANK Of MONGOLIA Large bank, mainly serving corporate clients, but also some retail businesses. http://www.tdbm.mn/

128. Home Summaries of works on the country's security and foreign policy by Tsedendambyn Batbayar of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. http://www.geocities.com/mongolsec

Home About the Author Modern Mongolia Stalin and Mongolia Publications ... How to contact Us Created: September, 2000. Speaker Group. Contact Webmaster jagaa666@yahoo.com

129. Mountainbike Expedition Team - Andy Heßberg, Waltraud Schulze Information on bike touring, extreme expeditions worldwide Greenland, Patagonia, mongolia, Lappland, Naimibia, Siberia. http://www.mountainbike-expedition-team.de

Mountain bike expeditions: Greenland Patagonia Teneriffe Island Mongolia ... Norway Sponsors: Rohloff Schauff BOB-Trailers Ultra Sports ... Termoswed

130. Topographical Map Of Mongolia From the University of Texas. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east_and_asia/mongolia_rel96.jpg

131. OMS: Mongolia Estad­sticas sobre la salud en el pa­s. Indicadores b¡sicos, leyes, recursos, emergencias e incidencias de enfermedades. http://www.who.int/country/mng/es

English Acceso Pa­ses Temas de salud ... Sitios OMS Posici³n: OMS Pa­ses Mongolia Mongolia En el siguiente mapa se ofrece una versi³n aproximada de las fronteras nacionales.Para obtener una versi³n en PDF m¡s detallada, pulse sobre la imagen. PUNTOS DE CONTACTO Postmaster@who.org.ph http://www.wpro.who.int/ CONTEXTO Indicadores b¡sicos Brotes epid©micos - en ingl©s GASTO EN SALUD Indicadores clave del gasto en salud PROVISION/COBERTURA Obertura de inmunizaci³n - en ingl©s Partos asistidos - en ingl©s ORGANIZACIONI Y REGLAMENTACION DE LOS SISTEMAS DE SALUD Legislaci³n sanitaria - en ingl©s SALUD: INDICADORES SINTETICOS Esperanza de vida sana (HALE) Tablas de mortalidad MEDIDAS ESPECIFICAS DE CONDICIONES DE LA SALUD Incidencia/prevalencia de la poliomielitis - en ingl©s Incidencia/prevalencia de la tuberculosis - en ingl©s Salud bucodental - en ingl©s RECURSOS HUMANOS M©dicos, enfermeras y otros profesionales de la salud - en ingl©s Ep­grafes: Poblaci³n total: PIB per c¡pita (Intl $, 2001): Esperanza de vida al nacer h/m (a±os): Esperanza de vida sana al nacer h/m (a±os): Mortalidad infantil h/m (por 1000): Mortalidad de adultos h/m (por 1000): Gasto total per c¡pita en salud (Intl $, 2001):

132. ¶«´ïÃɹà Íõ Engaged in industries including cashmere goods, paper making, printing and construction. Brief details of each subsidiary. http://www.dongda.com.cn/

133. Global Geografia - Asia, Mongolia Scheda con informazioni generali. http://www.globalgeografia.com/asia/mongolia.htm

» SPONSOR ASIA STATI E DIPENDENZE » MONGOLIA Stato di Mongolia Bügd Najramdah Mongol Ard Uls Superficie: 1.566.839 Km² Abitanti: 2.655.000 (stime 2001) Densità: 1,5 ab/Km² Forma di governo: Repubblica parlamentare Capitale: Ulan-Bator (680.000 ab.) Altre città: Darhan 85.800 ab., Erdenet 56.000 ab. Gruppi etnici: Mongoli Chalcha 75%, Altri Mongoli 12%, Kazaki 5%, Russi 2% Paesi confinanti: Russia a NORD, Cina a SUD ed EST Monti principali: Munh-Hajrhan-Ula 4362 m Fiumi principali: Selenga (con Ider) 1067 Km (tratto mongolo, totale 1476 Km), Orhon 1124 Km Laghi principali: Ubsu-Nur 3350 Km², Hubsugul-Nur 2620 Km², Hirgis-Nur 1420 Km², Hara-Us-Nur 1400 Km² Isole principali: Clima: Continentale Lingua: Mongolo (ufficiale), Kazako Religione: Buddhista lamaista Moneta: Tughrik mongolo Indirizzi Utili: Mongolia.it GLOBALGEOGRAFIA.com

134. Mongolia Today - Online Magazine | TRAVELER'S DIARY of preparing dried meat, to last through a long and harsh winter....... http://www.mongoliatoday.com/issue/5/borts.html

online magazine, issue no.3 Dried Meat, Food to Last Mongolian food is rather simple and nourishing. Encounters with different cultures in the course of centuries long wandering across Europe and Asia did not affect the basic diet of nomads, comprising mainly of various combinations of meat and flour. Life in a saddle, frequent moves in search of better pastures tending their herds prevented Mongols from developing a sophisticated cuisine. But while Mongols failed to come up with a wide variety of dishes, they mastered what was available to perfection, especially when it comes to meat. There are dozens ways of cooking it: boiling, frying, drying, steaming or smoking. Here we give a description of how borts (bour- tsi), or dried meat is made an ancient way of preserving meat through long harsh winters or marches across continents As soon as the first cold winter days settle in early December, most Mongolian families set out to store meat reserve. As a rule, one cow and up to seven to eight sheep are sufficient for a family of five to last through long and harsh winter, until diary products become more available during spring livestock breeding season.

135. Traditional Instruments And Music Of The Mongolia People - Text In English An overview of instruments and traditions http://www.music.ch/face/instrum/mongolia_instrum.html

Face Music - Traditional Instruments - Mongolia Traditional Music and Instruments of the Mongolia poeple Catalog next new album Mail Order Distribution ... e-mail - address - Face Music / Albi - last update 06-2004 Ensemble Tumbash - Mongolia Traditional Music and Instruments - Mongolia History of Mongolia Map sketch of Mongolia ... Khuree Tsam - Dance Ensemble only in German Tsam Mongolia - Dance Masks - only in German Tsam Mongolia - Instruments - only in German Religious dance "Tsam" Mongolia - History - only in German - more information in German The nomad shepherds in Mongolia, like other nomads from Central Asia, use to play string and wind instruments. Percussion instruments though, were only used in connection with Shamanism and Buddhism, the origins of which are to be found in Tibetan Lamaism, as well as with the "Tsam dance", which was performed in Mongolia for the first time in the 8th century. - Hel khuur (Jew's harp) Nowadays, a Jew's harp is made of brass or steel, but in earlier days it was made of wood or bamboo. A spring, acting as a vibrator, is fitted into a horseshoe-shaped metal holder and is called ,tongue'. The player places the long part of the instrument close to his mouth, touching it with his front teeth and manipulating the tongue with his right hand. Changing the shape of the mouth cavity, which at the same time acts as a resonance chamber, can vary the pitch. - Tsuur (wind instrument) The tsuur is a traditional Mongolian wind instrument (flute) made of uliangar wood (bur chervil - umbellifer). Melody and sound resemble the sound of the waterfall of the River Jeven. The "aman tsuur" made by the Altai-Uriankhai tribes are the most popular ones and produce the best sound.

136. Mongolia Street Connection A World Vision programme for New Zealand students to follow life in the Light House, a street children's dropin centre in Ulaanbaatar, mongolia. http://mongolia.worldvision.org.nz/mongoliainfo.html

MENU - Click here or scroll down for the Mongolia Information links menu. Name: Mongolia (previously Outer Mongolia) Area: 1,566,000 square kilometres Population: 2.38 million (October 1997) Density: 1.5 people per square kilometre GNP per capita: US$310 (1995) Under-5 mortality rate: 71 per 1000 (1996) Government: Parliamentary democracy Religion: Predominantly Tibetan Buddhism Capital City: Ulaanbaatar (estimated population 600,000) Average Temperatures: January: -30 degrees Celsius, July: 26 degrees Celsius People: Halh Mongols (86%), Kazakhs (6%), Chinese (2%), Russian (2%) other (4%) Official language: Mongolian, written in Cyrillic (Russian) alphabet Currency: Tugrug (NZ$1 = 450 tugrug) (October 98) Mongolia is a huge landlocked country in Northern Asia, between China and Russia. The terrain is semi-desert and desert plains with mountains in the west and southwest. Traditionally Mongolians are nomadic herders who live in felt tents called gers, and herd their sheep, goats, horses and cattle to their seasonal grazing grounds. Today many people are moving to the cities, but the traditional lifestyle remains in the countryside. Mongolia has had a proud but varied history which includes their conquest of most of Asia and parts of eastern Europe in the 12th century under Genghis Khan, and control of the country at different times by both China and Russia.

137. Himalayan Art The Himalayan Art Project web page features over 1500 artworks from Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, India, China and mongolia. http://www.himalayanart.org/choose.cfm

// random pics // An online gallery with over 17,000 images of art from the Himalayas Join the mailing list for updates Index A - Z Advanced Search About Us Contact Info ... Sitemap

138. Ruins Of Ancient Pottery Workshop Unearthed In Inner Mongolia Short news report on the discovery of a rare ceramic workshop in China's Inner mongolia Autonomous Region. http://202.84.17.11/english/htm/20001122/232333.htm

Welcome to @xinhuanet.com Username: Password: Ruins of Ancient Pottery Workshop Unearthed in Inner Mongolia HUHHOT, November 22 (Xinhuanet) ¨C Archaeologists have discovered ruins of an ancient pottery workshop dating back to the Warring States (475 221 BC) to the Han Dynasty (206 BC 220) in Tuoketuo County, North China¡¯s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. To date, 1,500 square meters of the ruins have been excavated. Archaeologists have found kilns, a sediment pond, wells, pottery clay pits, and ladders. Found around the site were fragmentary pottery wares. Archaeologists have unearthed more than 40 pieces of pottery including jars, green wares and pieces with carvings and inscriptions. According to archaeologists, the discovery of the workshop is really rare in North China¡¯s grassland areas. Chen Yongzhi, deputy director of the Inner Mongolia Archaeology Institute, said that the discovery indicates that the ancient people in the grassland lived a secure life and that the area then had well-developed handicrafts. Enditem Recommend to your friends!

139. Mongolia Today - Online Magazine | CULTURE Seven Mongolian proverbs (in transcription) with English translation. http://www.mongoliatoday.com/issue/1/wisdom.html

online magazine, issue no.1 WISDOM OF NOMADS Sayings and proverbs Proverbs form a special part of the Mongolian language permeating every aspect of daily life. From times immortal Mongols developed rich traditions of oral literature as the nomadic lifestyle did not allow to preserve heavy books. These proverbs contain the wisdom of nomads accumulated over the millennia and probably came from the times of Huns. Do not start if afraid, once begun do not be afraid. Aival bu khii, hijvel buu ai. While father alive to get to know people While horse is strong travel to see places Aavyn bied huntej tanilts Agtny bied gazar uz Supreme treasure - knowledge Middle treasure - children Lowest treasure - material wealth Erhem bayan erdem Dund bayan ur huuhed Baga bayn ed hogshil If you endeavour, the fate will favour you Ezen hicheevel zaya hicheene A man fails seven times and rises eight times Er hun doloo dordozh najm sehdeg Union is source of success Evlevel butne If mind is clean, fate is good Sanaa sajn bol zaya sajn Back to Top Mongolia Today The Mongolia Today Web site is designed and produced by Online LLC, Mongolia.

140. ÄÚÃɹà ʦ·¶´óѧÊ×Ò³ At present, IMNU is able to provide the wide range of education programs including postgraduate program, undergraduate program, twoyear program, adult education, the higher vocational education program and the continuous education for the teaching staff and administrators. http://www.imnu.edu.cn/eng/index.htm

General Information I nner Mongolia Normal University (IMNU), the earliest institution of higher learning established on the decision of the Party and the state in the border and minority areas, was first founded with the name of Inner Mongolia Normal College on May 5, 1952 in Ulanhot, which was the former capital city of the Inner Mongolian autonomous region. In 1954, IMNU was moved to Hohhot, the current capital city of the region. 1982 saw its original name-Inner Mongolia Normal College being changed into Inner Mongolia Normal University. M eanwhile, it was listed as the key university at the regional level. It merged with the former Inner Mongolia Normal Educational College in 2000, and therefore, the new IMNU has been come into being since then. Up to now, IMNU has developed into a comprehensive Normal university with distinguishing regional and national characteristics under the guidance of privileged policy for the minority groups, under the correct leadership of the regional Party Committee and the government and the support from the society as well. So far, it has cultivated more than 60£¬000 elite Normal, administrators at different levels and capable scientific and technological personnel who are from multi-nationality background.

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