41. Harmful Health Practices: Program Examples World Bank Incorporating indigenous knowledge (IK), customs graduated to adulthood in meru without circumcision. were able to alleviate peoples concerns about http://www.rho.org/html/hthps_progexamples.htm

@import "../html/rho-styles.css"; This page displays best on browsers supporting current Web standards, but all content is viewable through any Web device. Program Examples The programs below illustrate some of the strategies that have been developed to overcome logistic, cost, provider, client, and other obstacles to eliminate harmful health practices in developing countries. They also provide lessons learned from experience. Submit your own Program Example Burkina Faso: Using an integrated human rights model to improve community health and development. Côte d'Ivoire: Expanding legislation to include punishment provisions for FGM, forced and underage marriage, and sexual harassment. Egypt (CEDPA Project): The Positive Deviance Approach searches for solutions to FGM within the community. Egypt (CEOSS Project): Using a multi-faceted, community-based approach to ending FGM. The Gambia: Designing a new rite of passage that excludes FGM. Guinea (CPTAFE): National-level programming for FGM eradication.

42. Africa And Middle East through africa s most famous game reserves; meru, Aberdare, Masai search of the essence of africa, encountering its indigenous people and wildlife http://www.videolearning.com/S4101.HTM

When you locate a video you wish to purchase, make note of the Title, the 6-digit Order Number (for example: 01-1234) and Price. Select the Order Form icon and complete the form. You may electronically submit, fax or telephone your order to Video Learning Library. = Public Performance Rights Included = Titles available for compatible viewing in Europe, Australia and New Zealand = Closed Captioned Africa and Middle East AFRICA The New York Times proclaimed this documentary series "a stunning piece of work... a winner". Hosted by Basil Davidson, the British author of more than 30 books about Africa, the series reveals the history and present-day life of the continent in breathtaking location photography and rare archival film. Africa, Volume 1 106 min. 0-7800-1104-X Africa, Volume II 106 min. Africa, Volume III 106 min. Africa, Volume IV 106 min. zzAfrica, Four Tape Boxed Set 424 min. Africa - Kenya 60 min. Bible Lands Journey with Video Visits through the Bible Lands and watch the Bible come to life as you tour the Holy Land. Begin your visit at the Red Sea, following the path of Moses and the Israelites through the desert of Sinai. Continue into the Negev, past the ancient walls of Hebron, to Bethlehem, where Jesus was born. Walk through the crowded streets of Nazareth and along the shores of the Sea of Galilee. Visit Masada, the mountaintop fortress, then take the ancient road to Sumaria. Pass Jericho and the Dead Sea before entering Jerusalem, Israel's capital and site of the life, passion, crucifixion, and resurrection of Christ.

43. Islamic World.Net: Countries 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, meru 6%, other org supporting the rights of the indigenous people whose Mau Nature Kenya The East africa Natural History Society http://islamic-world.net/countries/kenya.htm

Other Sections: H O M E Our Plan Our Policy Our Papers Parenting Sister's Page Muslim Youth Children's Page Shahadah Da'wah Khalifah Asphorism Islamic Books Islamic News Multimedia Countries Links Index Ask Scholar Search Engines Contact Us H O M E countries Country Facts GOV E D U ... General Country Facts Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania Population: Ethnic groups: Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1% Religions: Protestant 38%, Roman Catholic 28%, indigenous beliefs 26%, Muslim 7%, other 1% Languages: English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages Area: total: 582,650 sq km, land: 569,250 sq km, water: 13,400 sq km Natural resources: gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife, hydropower G O V top Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources Kenya Meteorological Department ... Central Bank of Kenya E D U top University of Nairobi Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya

44. Land And Spirituality In Africa highlands of West Kilimanjaro, of Mount meru, of Ngorongoro we find it so difficult when indigenous communities like suit the people and not the people to suit http://www.wcc-coe.org/wcc/what/jpc/echoes-16-05.html

The Earth as Mother Land and Spirituality in Africa Articles in this series: Land: Breaking bonds and cementing ties by Edmore Mufema Spirituality, land and land reform in South Africa ... Rev. Rupert Hambira In 1996, Indigenous People met during the Conference on World Mission and Evangelism held in Salvador Bahia Brazil. One year later, the World Council of Churches’ Indigenous Peoples’ Programme (WCC/IPP) in cooperation with the Botswana Christian Council also held a workshop under the theme "Spirituality, Land and the Role of the Churches in the Struggle for the Indigenous Peoples’ Rights" in Gabarone. From that meeting came a call to continue building spiritual,cultural and political identities within the churches in the countries where Indigenous Peoples are located. The areas of critical concern identified were land, protection of rights under international law, preservation/promotion of culture, decision making processes, advocacy, spirituality and networking. In February 1998, some Indigenous Peoples participants who had been at the Gabarone workshop and other representatives from Africa, attended a consultation on "Land and Spirituality" in Karasjok, Norway. Here the world-wide Indigenous Peoples community exchanged ways in which their spiritualities and lands were threatened. From this sharing, ideas of cooperation and responsibilities were discussed. The Indigenous meeting and the statement of Karasjok became a strong challenge to convene in Harare to identify the critical issues affecting African Indigenous Peoples in general. Before the WCC’s eighth Assembly in Harare, "Land and Spirituality: The African Context" was the theme chosen for the workshop the same theme used in Karasjok, Norway. It showed the connectedness between the spiritualities of the Indigenous Peoples and the land on which they originated.

45. Klub Afriko Safaris Educational Walking Safaris safaris consist of hiking through indigenous peoples areas and the land, and the wonderful people, then you Educational Safaris and see the africa that we can http://www.klubafriko.com/eduwalk.html

Educational Walking Safaris In addition to our photography safaris, we at Klub Afriko Safaris offer educational safaris. These safaris consist of hiking through indigenous peoples' areas and staying, observing and participating in the daily lives of these people. In addition, you will have talks on natural history, herbal medicine, culture, and flora and fauna by the local experts in the area. If you are looking for an adventure, to go to places that others rarely see, and to experience wildlife, the land, and the wonderful people, then you should experience these Educational Safaris and see the Africa that we can show you. Klub Afriko Safaris operate with a strong awareness and commitment to the conservation of our environment. Gideon Saul was a Ngorongoro Conservation Area Ranger for 10 years, and I was a Peace Corps Volunteer in southern Africa and have 6 years experience as an Environmental Educator in Africa. Click below for more info: Cultural and Language Opportunities Northern Pare Mountains Longido Mountain Ecological Safari to the Eastern Arc Mountains ... Why Klub Afriko Safaris?

46. African Safaris -- Adventure Travel In Africa home to a huge variety of indigenous plants, animals Superior Safaris Maximum of 14 people ensures the personalised with Mt Kilimanjaro and Mt meru climbs, or http://www.travelnotes.org/Safaris/

Travel Directory African Safaris Booking Engine Vacation Finder Africa @ Travel Notes Algeria Angola Benin Botswana ... Zimbabwe African Safaris The best place for lion safaris is Africa . In this section we'll be listing the tour operators who offer wildlife safaris to Kenya South Africa Tanzania Uganda and Zimbabwe . If you like hunting big game in the wilderness you'll enjoy the adventure of travel in Africa. Safari For Less Affordable African safari and travel incentive to Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, South Africa and Egypt with information on Africa attractions, maps, weather and animals of Africa. 5% discount to TravelNotes members Bring more than ten people and one goes for free and one Travel Notes Member pays half. Kenya Eastern and Southern Safaris Lodge and camping safaris in both Kenya and Tanzania. South Africa Goliath Safaris Touch, taste and feel Africa on a 27-day safari exploring the incredible diversity of landscapes that are home to a huge variety of indigenous plants, animals and bird life. 10-20% discount for TravelNotes members Indula Safaris and Tours Tours countrywide, designed to introduce tourists to the best of South Africa with guides who are selected for their enthusiasm and knowledge of South Africa.

47. TREKS, A Naturecorp Group: Africa The camp is situated under big shady Albida trees and comprises six meru tents) which are raised off the ground The Bukakhwe people are indigenous to the http://www.naturecorp.com/africa05.htm

Why Travel To: Africa Tanzania Botswana Namibia South Africa ... Wilderness Safaris Namibia - Botswana - Zambia - Cape Town 17 May - 6 June 2004 Guided by Jim Brett Our 18-day Fly In Safari begins on the evening of May 17 aboard SAA Boeing 747 from John F. Kennedy Airport on our non-stop flight to Johannesburg. We will be met on the morning of May 18 by our Wilderness Safaris partners and transfer to our Air Namibia flight to Windhoek, Namibia. Our overnight accommodation is booked at the castle-like Heinitzburg Hotel situated on a hilltop overlooking the city. Dinner and full breakfast is included. All inclusive Safari Cost is ..inclusive of accommodation, all meals on safari, full services of English-speaking guides, drinks while on Safari, laundry. Non-inclusive are meals except breakfast in Windhoek, Johannesburg Airport, and Cape Town, tips to staff, insurance and van service to Kennedy. Skeleton Coast Camp May 19 - 22 We transfer from our hotel to the Eros Airport for our 2-hour flight aboard a Cessna Caravan 12-passenger Turbo-jet aircraft. Upon arrival at the Skeleton Coast airstrip we will be met by our Wilderness Safari Colleagues and Chris Bakkas our host and guide for our stay.

48. TVE's Earth Report: Game Over? central africa but also to the indigenous Baka people. in Kenya, July 18, 2003; Kenya s meru National Park partnerships that will help the people of equatorial http://www.tve.org/earthreport/archive/doc.cfm?aid=1409

49. ITDG East Africa : Case Studies on the role conservation of indigenous crop varieties of 101,000 people and borders meru National Park I started interviewing her than more people sought after http://www.itdg.org/html/itdg_eastafrica/case_studies.htm

Case Studies The following case studies illustrate the results of some of ITDG-EA's work: Farmers' Project : a woman farmer demonstrates how sharing knowledge can strengthen food security Mavoko Project : an urban upgrading project gains momentum in the slums where health and land security are the biggest worries Nairobi Urban Poverty Partnership Project : the desperate situation facing the elderly in the expansive informal settlements of Nairobi Solar Lantern : two participants in the field trials of the prototype solar lantern talk about their experiences Case Study 1 : Farmers' Project Sharing knowledge to strengthen food security Farmer Jane Kirambia knows that there is a strong link between food security and seed security Maragwa, in Tharaka district, seems the most unlikely place to meet someone who shares titbits of information on the role conservation of indigenous crop varieties and uses it to strengthen food security of the marginalized communities in dry lands. Mrs Kirambia, 33, may be mistaken for an agricultural extension officer. Her homestead, she says is usually abuzz with farmers and groups seeking advice.

50. PBS Online: Ngorongoro: Fiery Origins africa s highest mountain, and Mount meru, and to Unlike many of africa s conservation areas, the However, evergrowing numbers of indigenous people and their http://www.pbs.org/edens/ngorongoro/fiery.html

Located within the crater highlands of northern Tanzania, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area forms part of what is known as the Serengeti-Ngorongoro-Masai Mara ecosystem. Its eastern boundary is formed by the western wall of the Great Rift Valley, while its western boundary adjoins the world-famous Serengeti National Park. To the east lie Mount Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain, and Mount Meru, and to the west Lake Victoria. Geologically speaking, the landscapes of the Ngorongoro Conservation Area are a combination of both ancient and modern geological processes. The Ol Doinyo Gol mountains and the gneiss and granite outcrops scattered across the Serengeti Plain originated several hundred million years ago. Some 20 million years ago, the eastern side of Africa started to crack and rift, causing the land between the rifts to subside. This resulted in the earth's crust gradually thinning and softening, allowing molten materials to thrust to the surface and form lava beds and, later, volcanoes. Within the Ngorongoro area, the oldest volcanoes Lemagrut, Sadiman, Oldeani, Ngorongoro, Olmoti, Sirua, Lolmalasin and Empakaai were formed along the Eyasi Rift, which now forms the towering cliffs at Lake Eyasi. In the north, the rift separates the Doinyo Gol mountains from the Salei Plains, but much of the early rift is now obscured by lava. It is believed that Ngorongoro once rivaled Kilimanjaro in size. The lava that filled the volcano formed a solid "lid," which subsequently collapsed when the molten rock subsided, forming the caldera that we see today. Both Olmoti and Empakaai collapsed in a similar manner, but are not as immense as Ngorongoro. Two volcanoes of more recent origin, Kerimasi and Ol Doinyo Lengai, were formed along the Gregory Rift and lie to the northeast of the Empakaai caldera. Doinyo Lengai, the Maasai's "mountain of God," is still active its most recent eruption took place in 1983.

51. ArtMatters.info As Westernisation gallops across africa, it is eroding Aborigines, Maasai and other indigenous people of the world banana fibre mozaic in meru District through http://www.artmatters.info/art/savingculture.htm

Subscribe! Click on JOIN to receive artmatters newsletter! www.artmatters.info Preserving Culture Through Art As Westernisation gallops across Africa, it is eroding indigenous knowledge and culture and breeding chaos and anarchy. In Kitui, however, the local Kamba are fighting back. They just will not let their material culture attached to the bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) locally known as kitete disappear. And their weapon is art! Officials of Kyanika group pose with a gourd mascot Hawafrica Women Artists and International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) have come to their assistance after they realised that the prenial seed shortage, declining crop diversity and food scarcity in the arid Kitui villages is a result of the reduced availability of kitete. The use of a particular Kitete is determined by its size, shape and age. While the small ones with narrow necks are used as snuff and medicine containers, the small round ones with spotted surfaces are used as food when fresh. Very large Kitete are made into milk, porridge, and water containers with their long and narrow counterparts being split into halves and used as serving spoons. Kitete is also used for brewing traditional beer, attracting bees for honey-production, protecting chicks against predators, winnowing trays and plates.

52. Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 are Kilimanjaro, Kenya, Nyamulagira, Elgon, meru, and the and social organization of the indigenous population. the death of thousands of people and forced the http://www.bartleby.com/65/af/Africa.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Africa k KEY Geology and Geography Geologically, recent major earth disturbances have been confined to areas of NW and E Africa. Geologists have long noted the excellent fit (in shape and geology) between the coast of Africa at the Gulf of Guinea and the Brazilian coast of South America, and they have evidence that Africa formed the center of a large ancestral supercontinent known as Pangaea. Pangaea began to break apart in the Jurassic period to form Gondwanaland, which included Africa, the other southern continents, and India. South America was separated from Africa c.76 million years ago, when the floor of the S Atlantic Ocean was opened up by seafloor spreading; Madagascar was separated from it c.65 million years ago; and Arabia was separated from it c.20 million years ago, when the Red Sea was formed. There is also evidence of one-time connections between NW Africa and E North America, N Africa and Europe, Madagascar and India, and SE Africa and Antarctica.

53. ECES - Global Warming: Africa Now, Mount meru has no evidence of ice on it, says Like many other people living around the mountain, Mama Iyatuu They are destroying indigenous trees that http://eces.org/archive/ec/globalwarming/africa.shtml

Search: Healing ourselves and a dying planet Note: This an achive of an old version of ECES. You are welcome to explore it, but also check out the ECES Home Page for recent environmental news and much more. Pages in this archive: Earth Crash Home Ecosystems Extinction Global Warming ... Population Photo Gallery New Gallery Home Gallery Archive Pages: Gallery Home Air Food Forests ... Wonder Other Sites @ ECES David Stock: Prisoners of Our Own Device Landscape photographs from the battle zone between nature and 'civilization.' Young people respond to Earth's crisis... Vigil for Earth ...in search of new planetary rituals Earth Crash Documenting the Collapse of a Dying Planet Global Warming: Africa (01/27/2002) Scientists warn Mt. Kilimanjaro's famous ice caps are rapidly melting and will be gone in 12 years due to global warming, already many of the region's rivers have dried up. An astonishing development is changing one of Africa's most remarkable land marks beyond recognition. The ice cap on Mt. Kilimanjaro, one of the few places in the world where ice and snow can be seen on the Equator, is expected to disappear in the next 12 years. Staff writer Mildred Ngesa and photographer Blasto Ogindo of the East Africa Standard newspaper recently visited the mountain on a fact finding mission. Guide: "Leo mlima umenuna (Today the mountain is annoyed)!"

54. 'Just World News' By Helena Cobban: Africa Archives and down the foothills of Mount meru where their shout back something about m africa (an african nottoo-distant past, treated the indigenous people of this http://justworldnews.org/archives/cat_africa.html

'Just World News' by Helena Cobban Info, analysis, discussion to build a more just world March 07, 2004 April 2004: two big African decennials For millions of people in southern and central Africa, April 1994 was a very momentous month; and the ten-year anniversary of it is coming up. In Rwanda , at the beginning of the month, President Habyarimana's plane was brought down, setting into train the long-planned, long-prepared horrors of the country's anti-Tutsi genocide. During the thirteen weeks that followed, some 14% of the country's entire population was wiped out: around 800,000-1,000,000 people killed. Eighty percent of the dead were Tutsis, the rest, Hutus who tried to shield them or otherwise to resist the hate-fueled bloodlust of the killers. In South Africa , meanwhile, April 1994 was a month of hopes laced with great trepidation and tension as the country made the last preparations for its first-ever democratic election, scheduled for the end of the month. Everyone was wondering: Would the Inkatha Freedom Party participate, or would it try to make the country ungovernable and thereby force the postponement or cancellation of the election? And then, there was the threat of disruption from the White extremists, who also had good connections in the country's security forces.... In South Africa, the negotiations over the terms on which the security forces would continue to provide security for the elections continued until the second or third day of the elections themselves... It came that close to not working out... In the end, the ANC and its allies had to commit to providing some form of amnesty for perpetrators of apartheid-era atrocities, in return for having the elections conducted under conditions of general (though not total) public security.

55. Bobby & Lisa Bechtel - Purpose I with a burden for the Asian people in the 1% Kalenjan 11% Luo - 13% meru - 5%, Official Languages English, Swahili, numerous indigenous languages, Religions http://bbfi-africa.org/Bechtel/purpose.html

Missionaries to Kenya, Africa Join us in taking the KING OF KINGS to the land of the king. Our Purpose Without clear preaching of God's Word, a people will come to ruin. A wise man said, "Where there is no vision, the people perish: but he that keepeth the law, happy is is he." (Proverbs 29:18) For many years, the Word of God has had free course in Kenya. While the power of God has seen many converts in the African nationals, it had had little effect on the countless Asians who call Kenya their homeland. Therefore, there is a great need for evangelism, discipleship, church planting and leadership training among the Asian population who are by tradition Hindu or Muslim.

56. Uganda The Country And The People - Bantu Tradition - Text In English thus be called aboriginal or indigenous people (a somewhat previous Bantu immigrants, Cushitic peoples (from whom of the presentday Kikuyu, meru, Embu, Chuka http://www.music.ch/face/inform/poeple_uganda.html

Face Music - History of Uganda Uganda the country and the people - Bantu tradition Catalog next new album Mail Order Distribution ... e-mail - address - Face Music / Albi - last update 06-2004 Africa the country of the people History of Uganda Uganda the country and the people - Bantu Traditional Instruments of the Uganda people ... Traditional Dance of the Uganda people The country The economy is overwhelmingly agricultural, with cassava, sweet potatoes, plantains, millet, and sorghum as the chief subsistence crops, and coffee (which provides over 90% of export revenues), cotton, tea, and tobacco are the principal cash crops. Stockraising, fishing, and hardwood production are also significant. Its natural resources include cobalt, copper, salt, and limestone. Of Uganda's 21 million people, an estimated 66 percent are Christian, 18 percent practice traditional beliefs, and 16 percent are Muslim. The Anglican and Catholic churches as well as the United Methodist Church are among the many Christian churches found in Uganda. Uganda, most of whom worship in Jinja and Busia near the border with Kenya. English is Uganda's official language. - see map sketch of Uganda Archeology tells that prehistoric man walked the earth in what is now Uganda and many sites have been excavated that show habitation over the centuries. One of the more recent excavations is in Kiboro, near Lake Albert, where there are traces of village life going back thousands of years. Around A.D. 1100. Bantu-speaking people migrated into the area that is now Uganda, and by the 14th century they were organized into several independent kingdoms. The most powerful of these were Bunyoro (16th-17th cent.) and later Buganda (18th-19th cent.). In 1962 Uganda gained independence under a federal constitution that gave Buganda a large measure of autonomy.

57. G21 AFRICA - "The People's Voice" what the President would have wanted the people to believe the remaining 10 per cent being indigenous Kenyans who with the closelyrelated Embu, meru and Kamba http://www.g21.net/africa7.html

COVER -> G21 AFRICA The People's Voice Robert O'Doul G21 Irregular To read this article in Deutsch, Francaise, Italiano, Portuguese, Espanol , copy and paste the complete URL("http://www.g21.net/africa7.html") and enter it in the box after you click through. The World's Magazine: g21.net Event # 240: PUTTING OUT FIRE ... with gasoline AMERICAN DREAMS CARTOONS BY GASPIRTZ DAY ONE G21 Digital Internet Postcards ... VOX POPULI EVERYONE LOVES "RECOMMENDED DAILY REQUIREMENT" but can't find their favorite article. No More! Here's *another* link to the complete ARCHIVES G21 STUFF: We know. You want to let people know that you KNOW. So why not prove it by wearing a G21 t-shirt? Drink from a coffee mug that proclaims your allegiance to The World's Magazine. Thank you so much!!! LAST WEEK's EDITION MEET THE G-CREW ! These are the people behind this jam-band every week. AND there are GUIDELINES FOR YOU TO JOIN THE BAND... HOME Discover the MOIA Discussion List Among members of Kenya's most populous ethnic group, the Kikuyu (about 4 million out of a total population of about 30 million according to the 1999 census) the melodious refrain, " Kayu Kamuigi ... Kameme FM

58. "Africa Mountain Protected Areas Update - December 1998" -Mtn-Forum On-Line Libr volcanic giants of Kilimanjaro and meru are better reforestation of mountain regions with indigenous trees It is great to find enthusiastic people at government http://www.mtnforum.org/resources/library/bligx98a.htm

Africa Mountain Protected Areas Update - December 1998 Peter E. Blignaut, MPA Network Coordinator for Africa World Commission on Protected Areas/IUCN The modern day metaphor for protected areas is 'islands of biodiversity surrounded by seas of human altered landscapes'. The new approach to protected areas conservation, sometimes called the bioregional approach, places protected areas within their wider context, seeking to maximize the possibilities for successful protection and propagation of species by managing larger swathes of surrounding land to provide appropriate habitat. In keeping with this trend, the Protected Areas in the 21st Century symposium sponsored by WCPA in Albany, Australia ( November 1997), called for a movement from islands to networks of protected areas. Participants concluded that, among other things, "We need to establish partnerships and encourage cooperation with neighbors and other stakeholders, promote stewardship, enhance the use of relevant information, and develop and strengthen the policies, economic and other instruments which support protected areas objectives." -Alex de Sherbinin Social Policy Group - IUCN WELCOME FROM OUR CHIEF (Professor Larry Hamilton was recently introduced at a UN conference, as possibly the world's most eminent mountain scientist scholar)

59. "The Dragons And The Butterflies - In The Mountains Of Africa" -Mtn-Forum On-Lin pp 233254; _ _ (2001) indigenous Knowledge For and Gichuki Francis (1994) More People, Less Erosion The meru Land Case, Tanganyika Notes and Records, No 66 http://www.mtnforum.org/resources/library/masca02a.htm

The Dragons And The Butterflies In the Mountains of Africa Adolfo Mascarenhas African Mountains Summit Conference UNEP - Nairobi May 5th - 11th 2002 Part I Introduction 1.0 The Beginning 1.1 Scope of this Paper Part II The Setting 2.0 The Mountains of High Africa 2.1 The Significance of the Mountain of High Africa 2.1.1 The Volcanoes 2.1.2 The Great Rift Valley Box 2.1 "Bustani Ya Mungu" * 2.1.3. Mountains and Their Neighbourhood As Reservoirs of Hidden Wealth 2.2 The Unity and Diversity In Mountains Part III Prehistoric Efforts At Development 3.0 The Dawn of Civilization Box 3.1 Where is King Solomon's Mines? 3.1 Misconceptions About The Use of The Mountains Box 3.2 Misconceptions About Population Pressure In The Mountains 3.2 The Evidence of Technology 3.3 The Mountains And Food Production Part IV The Mountains And Cultural Identity 4.0 Mountains and Identity Box 4.1 Trade and Specialization in the Mountains 4.1 The Rise of Trade and Exchange and its Implications 4.2 The Need For Tropical Mountains to be Culturally Reconstructed

60. Ivars Peterson's MathTrek -Geometry Out Of Africa Textiles woven by the Tellem people in an area Kenya shape symmetrical spoons and meru drummers use African Fractals Modern Computing and indigenous Design. http://www.maa.org/mathland/mathtrek_11_29_99.html

Search MAA Online MAA Home Ivars Peterson's MathTrek November 29, 1999 Geometry Out of Africa Both of my parents were born and grew up in the little Baltic country of Latvia. I remember, as a young child in northern Ontario, intently watching my father painstakingly color in tiny squares of a grid to create a symmetric design. Using yarn and needle, my mother would then transfer that highly geometric pattern to cloth, creating a wall hanging, a pillow cover, or some other decorative article. Geometric patterns with a high degree of symmetry are characteristic of much of traditional Latvian folk art. See http://www.webwm.com/w/h/frame0.htm for some striking examples of Latvian cross-stitch design. I have long been intrigued by the geometric designs created by various cultures, both past and present, throughout the world. I'm impressed by the variety of such patterns. At the same time, there are wonderful similarities among designs in different parts of the world, even when there's no evidence of direct contact between the groups. That's a consequence of the underlying mathematics. Given a set of rules, there are many instances in which the number of possibilities is finite. The five regular polyhedra and the 17 wallpaper symmetries are good examples. Two recent, beautifully illustrated books have introduced me to African geometry. To many people, that's an unknown, rarely glimpsed realm. The books help dispel some of the mystery, revealing a rich tapestry of geometric designs and concepts.

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