21. ArabBay.com: Arab Countries/Mauritania/Culture & Society/History Advance Options Cheapest Rates to Call the Arab World! Home Arab Countries mauritania culture Society History. All Directory This Category. http://www.arabbay.com/Arab_Countries/Mauritania/Culture___Society/History/

Home Add site Modify Site New Sites ... Yemen Worth a Click Free Stuff Gallery More Free Offers All Newspapers Feed Back ... Special Rates on Phone Cards to Call the Arab World All Directory This Category Advance Options... Cheapest Rates to Call the Arab World! Home ... Mauritania : History All Directory This Category Advance Options... Check Out Hosting Plans Newsletter Phone Cards Cool Offers Stay informed of new addition to ArabBay Subscribe Remove Newsletter Sign Up! On The Menu Hosting World Media Top Rated What's Cool ... Link to us Partners Corporate Info. About ArabBay Link to us Advertise Privacy Policy Worth a Visit Home Add site Modify Site New Sites ... info@arabbay.com

22. Mauritania / Mauritania :: Culture & Tourism Links : Kulturális és Idegenforga International catalogue of culture and tourism. Internationaler kultureller und touristischer Katalog. Nemzetközi kulturális és idegenforgalmi katalógus. http://katalogus.kulturinfo.hu/mr.html

ország Afganisztán Albánia Algéria Amerikai Szamoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antigua és Barbuda Argentína Aruba Ausztria Ausztrália Azerbajdzsán Bahamák Bahrain Banglades Barbados Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhután Bissau-Guinea Bolívia Bosznia és Hercegovina Botswana Brazília Brunei Darussalam Bulgária Burkina Faso Burma Burundi Cape Verde Central African Republic Ciprus Chile Comoros Cook Szigetek Costa Rica Csehország Csád Dánia Dél-Korea Dél-Afrika Dominika Dominikai Köztársaság Dzsibuti Ecuador Egyenlítõi Guinea Egyesült Arab Emírségek Egyiptom El Salvador Elefántcsontpart Eritrea Észak-Korea Észtország Etiópia Falkland Szigetek Faroe Szigetek Fehér-Oroszország Fidzsi Finnország Francia Guiana Franciaország Fülöp-szigetek Gabon Gambia Ghana Gibraltár Görögország Grenada Grönland Grúzia Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guinea Guyana Haiti Holland Antillák Hollandia Honduras Hong Kong Horvátország India Indonézia Irak Irán Írország Izland Izrael Jamaika Japán Jemen Jordánia Jugoszlávia Kajmán Szigetek Kambodzsa Kamerun Kanada Katar Kazahsztán Kenya Kína Kirgizisztán Kiribati Kolombia Kongó Kuba Kuvait Laosz Lengyelország Lesotho Lettország Libanon Libéria Líbia Liechtenstein Litvánia Luxemburg Macau Macedonia Madagaszkár Malawi Maldív Szigetek Mali Malájföld Málta Marokkó Marshall Szigetek Mauritania Mauritius Mexikó Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongólia Mozambik Nagy-Britannia Namíbia Nauru Németország Nepál Nicaragua Niger Nigéria Norvégia Nyugat-Szamoa Olaszország Oman Oroszország Örményország Pakisztán Palau Panama Pápua Új-Guinea Paraguay Peru Portugália Románia Ruanda Saint Kitts és Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent, Grenadines

23. Mauritania - POLITICAL CULTURE Cultural independence was not to be construed as a return to precolonial socialmores, but rather as an adaptation of mauritania s unique cultural heritage. http://countrystudies.us/mauritania/53.htm

POLITICAL CULTURE Mauritania Table of Contents Attitudes Toward the Political System Attitudies toward the political system in Mauritania were like those found in other developing African countries undergoing a similar nation-building process. Mauritanian society had both a modern sector and a rural, traditional sector. Each nurtured vastly different expectations of the political system, a split that gave rise to two political subcultures. Although these two subcultures were often depicted as polar opposites, membership was not exclusive; in fact, most Mauritanians participated to varying degrees in each. Perhaps what most distinguished modern elites from those labeled traditional was the former's greater reliance on modern technology and its commitment to economic development. The less educated, subsistence society offered little support to the modern, urban political system. Its members participated only insofar as government welfare programs, taxes, or laws impinged on their lives. To many Mauritanians, national government signified only President Taya and did not imply any further loyalty to government, state, or nation. For this sector, citizenship meant respect for tradition, maintenance of social status, and rigid rules of behavior. Accordingly, traditional injunctions against rising above one's inherited class stifled economic activity among black groups as well as among Maures. Maures of high status often viewed economic activity, such as earning a salary, with disdain. By the same traditions, women were accorded only a minor role in politics.

24. Mauritania - Society In the late 1980s, mauritania s population continued to be divided along ethnic beenblurred by intermarriage and assimilation into Maure culture; still, the http://countrystudies.us/mauritania/26.htm

Society Mauritania Table of Contents Although partially offset by continuing high infant mortality rates, population growth during the 1970s and 1980s exacerbated problems of urbanization. Combined with a depressed economy, urbanization and overpopulation contributed to a generally low standard of living. In the 1980s, the government used its meager resources to increase investment in education, housing, and health care services, hoping to reduce the effects of widespread poverty. In the late 1980s, Mauritania's population continued to be divided along ethnic and regional lines. Maures from the north whites and black descendants of former slaves who identified with Maure valuesmade up a traditional elite. The other major group was composed of people of black African ancestry, most of whom lived in the south and identified with African cultural and social values. The legacy of Maure domination and enslavement of blacks had been blurred by intermarriage and assimilation into Maure culture; still, the gap between these two groups remained wide, reflecting the weak basis for social cohesion or national consciousness. Social tensions were evident in frequent clashes over state policy, political appointments, and charges of domination, all based on deep-seated cultural antipathies. In the late 1980s, ethnic tensions further contributed to an unstable social environment. Even the similarities that linked Maures with peoples of African descent were relatively superficial. Religious unity within Islam, for example, masked wide differences in religious observances among Maures and blacks. Government officials hoped that the nation's rapid urbanization might increase social and cultural interaction and reduce prejudices, but most admitted that the task of developing a true national identity and a unified society promised to be long and difficult.

25. Mauritania - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Map of mauritania. Economy. Main article Economy of mauritania. Demographics. Mainarticle Demographics of mauritania. culture. Main article culture of mauritania http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritania

Mauritania From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Mauritania is a country in northwest Africa . Its coast faces the Atlantic Ocean , between Western Sahara on the north and Senegal on the south. It should not be confused with the ancient country of Mauretania République Islamique de Mauritanie Al-Jumhuriyah al-Islamiyah al-Muritaniyah In Detail (Full size) National motto : Honneur, Fraternité, Justice (Honor, Fraternity, Justice) Official language Arabic (official), Wolof (official), French Hasaniya Pular Soninke ... Nouakchott Capital's coordinates 18°09' N, 15°58' E Largest City Nouakchott President Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya Prime Minister ... km² Negligible Population Density Ranked 132nd 2.6/km² GDP (PPP) Year Ranked 148th $4,891 billion Currency Ouguiya Time zone UTC ... 28 November , from France National anthem National Anthem of Mauritania Internet TLD .MR Calling Code Table of contents 1 History 2 Politics 3 Regions 4 Geography ... edit History Main article: History of Mauritania edit Politics Main article: Politics of Mauritania edit Regions Main article: Regions of Mauritania edit Geography Main article: Geography of Mauritania Map of Mauritania edit Economy Main article: Economy of Mauritania edit Demographics Main article: Demographics of Mauritania edit Culture Main article: Culture of Mauritania Music of Mauritania edit Miscellaneous topics Communications in Mauritania Transportation in Mauritania Military of Mauritania List of cities in Mauritania From the CIA World Factbook 2000 and the 2002 U.S. Department of State website.

26. Editing Culture Of Mauritania - Edit - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia More results from en.wikipedia.org mauritania, Ancient culture ofAncient mauritania. Herodotus The Histories, c. 430 BC,. Book IV.4243For my part I am astonished that men should ever have divided http://en.wikipedia.org/w/wiki.phtml?title=Culture_of_Mauritania&action=edit

27. Mauritania-Art & Culture The summary for this English page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.arabinfoseek.com/mauritania-art_&_culture.htm

Search General Info Art Culture Arab Diaspora ... Up © 2000-2003 arabinfoseek.com New York info@arabinfoseek.com

28. Mauritania-Travel Home Up mauritania Books mauritaniaArt culture mauritania-Business mauritania-Computers Internet mauritania-Education mauritania http://www.arabinfoseek.com/mauritania-travel.htm

Search General Info Art Culture Arab Diaspora ... Yemen Mauritania-Travel Home Up Mauritania Books Mauritania-Education ... Mauritania-News Mauritania-Travel A Travel Guide to Mauritania - Detailed tourism information on Mauritania. Chinguetti - The Holy City of Sahara Excite Travel: Mauritania - Review on Mauritania Mauritania - from Travel-Finder Miftah Shamali- Mauritania - The largest, most colorful and reliable traveling and culture guide to Mauritania. Nouadhibou - Nouadhibou is the first you'll see of Mauritania if you have travelled all the route through Morocco. Osinga's Travel Guide - Travel guide with information on tourist sites, culture and traveling tips. You can also add your experiences. Oualata - Medieval desert city Travellers Tips to Mauritania - A travel guide for Hong Kong and other citizens. Destination information on airport, customs, currency, transportation, tourist attractions, hotels, consulates, emergency no., public holidays, tickets to save money. Travellers' reports on Mauritania - From the Lonely Planet El Ahmedi Hotel - Nouakchott Novotel Dar el Barka - Nouakchott Park Hotel - Nouakchott Lonely Planet - Travellers' reports on Mauritania ... Mauritania hotels, Africa, World - All-Hotels(tm)

29. Mauritania Society & Culture Guide  Arabji.Com/mauritania, mauritania Society culture. Arabic English, Pan Arab. mauritania Society culture . InfoHub ABC Interactive Factbook, mauritania. http://www.arabji.com/Mauritania/soc.htm

Arabji Com /Mauritania Arabic Pan Arab Mauritania InfoHub ... Basic information [Medea database] Basic facts about the state [about.com] Mauritania Africa online Mauritania (African Studies, Penn Univ.) Mauritania (Model League of Arab States) ... Languages of Mauritania Ethnologue Database Page Add URL Advertise About Us Privacy/Legal

30. Atlas - Mauritania Map mauritania Map, History, culture, People, Population, Climate, Economy, Animal andplants, Languages,capital, island, major city, province, Communications,State http://atlas.freegk.com/world/africa/mauritania/mauritania.php

Introduction People History Culture ... Disputes Mauritania Introduction Back to Top Mauritania, Islamic Republic of, republic, north-western Africa, bordered on the north by Western Sahara and Algeria, on the east by Mali, on the south by Mali and Senegal, and on the west by the Atlantic Ocean. A former French colony, Mauritania achieved full independence on November 28, 1960. The country has a total area of 1,030,700 sq km (397,955 sq mi). The capital of Mauritania is Nouakchott. Official Name- Islamic Republic of Mauritania Capital City -Nouakchott Languages- Arabic (official), and local dialects Official Currency- Ouguiya Religions- Muslim Population- 2,590,000 Land Area- 1,025,520 sq km (395,593 sq miles) Mauritania Provinces Back to Top 12 regions (regions, singular - region) and 1 capital district*; Adrar, Assaba, Brakna, Dakhlet Nouadhibou, Gorgol, Guidimaka, Hodh Ech Chargui, Hodh El Gharbi, Inchiri, Nouakchott*, Tagant, Tiris Zemmour, Trarza Mauritania People Back to Top According to the 1988 census, Mauritania had 1,864,236 inhabitants. The 2001 estimated population was 2,747,312, giving the country an overall population density of 3 persons per sq km (7 persons per sq mi). Mauritania History Back to Top Stone Age cultures have been found in northern Mauritania. Berber nomads moved into the area in the 1st millennium ad and subjugated the indigenous black population. The newcomers belonged to the Sanhaja Confederation that long dominated trade between the northern parts of Africa and the kingdom of Ghana, the capital of which, Kumbi Saleh (Koumbi Saleh), was in southeastern Mauritania. Under Almoravid leadership, the Sanhaja razed Kumbi Saleh in 1076, although Ghana survived until the early 13th century. The Berbers, in turn, were conquered by Arabs in the 16th century. The descendants of the Arabs became the upper stratum of Mauritanian society, and Arabic gradually displaced Berber dialects as the language of the country. French forces, moving up the Sénégal River, made the area a French protectorate by 1905 and a colony in 1920. In 1946 Mauritania became an overseas territory of the French Union. Under French occupation, slavery was legally abolished.

31. Nations Online :: Mauritania - Muritaniyah, Mawritaniyya mauritania navigation, Arts culture Maurifemme Portal for and aboutmauritanian women. Musique Mauritanienne Page to popular mauritanian http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/mauritania.htm

advertise with us This page is part of One World - Nations Online the countries of the world Home Continents Africa Mauritania Related Categories: League of Arab States One World - Nations Online Countries and Nations keywords: Islamic Republic of Mauritania, Mauritania information, best of Mauritania, Mauritania newspapers, tourist information for Mauritania, Mauritania tourism, Mauritania map, Mauritania internet resources Note: External links will open in a new browser window. Official Sites Map News Culture ... Additional Links Mauritania Country Profile Flag of Mauritania Background: Independent from France in 1960, Mauritania annexed the southern third of the former Spanish Sahara (now Western Sahara) in 1976, but relinquished it after three years of raids by the Polisario guerrilla front seeking independence for the territory. Opposition parties were legalized and a new constitution approved in 1991. Two multiparty presidential elections since then were widely seen as being flawed; Mauritania remains, in reality, a one-party state. The country continues to experience ethnic tensions between its black minority population and the dominant Maur (Arab-Berber) populace. .

32. Mauritania On The Internet de la Francophonie (an intergovernmental organization of Francophone countries)Geography, population, economy, history, culture of mauritania from Hachette. http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/mauritan.html

Countries : Mauritania Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home The News AllAfrica.com - Mauritania Current news from the U.N.'s IRIN, African newspapers. http://www.africanews.org/ Agence Mauritanienne d'Information In French and Arabic. Official government news agency. http://www.ami.mr/fr/ clari.world.africa.western Subscription only , through your internet service provider. Has Agence France Presse , AP, and Reuters wire stories on Africa posted daily. CNN Use their Search to retrieve Reuters stories on Mauritania. http://cnn.com/WORLD/africa/ International Committee of the Red Cross In English, French, Spanish. May have current news reports. See their country report or use their keyword search . http://www.icrc.org/ MAPECI, Mauritanienne de Presse d'Edition de Communication et d'Impression. MAPECI produces two newspapers, Nouakchott-Info Quotidien , and the weekly, Akhbar Nouakchott . Has selected articles from Nouakchott-Info Quotidien . Based in Nouakchott. http://www.mapeci.com/ Le Monde Diplomatique (Paris) Small number of older news stories in French. http://www.monde-diplomatique.fr/index/pays/mauritanie.html

33. Bits Of Culture - Mauritania Language Map. Bits of culture. PointTo-Talk Booklets. Additional Resources.BITS OF culture - mauritania. Languages. Geography. Cultural Values. http://www.mgh.harvard.edu/interpreters/b_mauri.asp

BITS OF CULTURE - Mauritania Languages Geography Cultural Values Health Care Values ... Interesting Facts Languages Hasaniya Arabic, Wolof, Soninke, Fulani Geography Cultural Values Health Care Values Diet Interesting Facts

34. Country Study Mauritania Social Studies CIA The World Factbook mauritania A detailed look at mauritania includinghistory, culture, political structure, economy and many other topics. http://www.archaeolink.com/mauritania_people_culture_histor.htm

Mauritania People History Culture Home Afghanistan Albania Algeria ... Vietnam You may find additional information about the country of your choice in the sections for Archaeology Anthropology or Ancient Civilizations CIA - The World Factbook Mauritania A detailed look at Mauritania including history, culture, political structure, economy and many other topics. - From US Central Intelligence Agency - http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/mr.html Country Profile: Mauritania A general overview including history, political structure, culture, leaders, media, and more. "In the Middle Ages Mauritania was the cradle of the Almoravid movement, which spread Islam throughout the region and for a while controlled the Islamic part of Spain. European traders began to show interest in Mauritania in the 15th century and in 1814 it came under direct French rule." - illustrated - From BBC - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/country_profiles/791083.stm

35. Society And Culture - Mauritania - Society & Culture Resources Society and culture mauritania. Society culture Resources. Societyand culture mauritania Society culture Resources. http://www.wowdirectory.com/dir/57/140.php

Society and Culture - Mauritania WoW Search Engine and Directory Service > Society and Culture > Mauritania Add Url Suggest Category Last 10 Searches Cross-referenced categories in "Society and Culture - Mauritania": Advice Community Websites Crime Cultural Policy ... Weddings No results found in "Society and Culture - Mauritania" Click Here With Comments or Questions NEW Submissions WoW World News ... Sign Up For FREE WoW Email Service Welcome to WoW Search Engine and Directory. WoW is becoming one of the Webs largest Free Directories with over 200 million topics and over 200 thousand pages indexed by Google. WoW was designed and created for the small business as an affordable quality web presence. Our topic structure is comprehensive enough to accommodate all types of business and services without excessively long topics that can give you poor position and few viewers. This is a professionally edited directory so you can be assured of friendly, consistent and quality service. Sponsoring Links About Us and Privacy Notice Site Map: Main Topics Arts and Humanities Business and Economy Computers and Internet Education ... Hosted By V7 Inc.

36. Holidays And Observances - Mauritania - Society And Culture > Holidays And Obser Holidays and Observances mauritania. Society and culture Holidays andObservances Holidays and Observances. Holidays and Observances Services. http://www.wowdirectory.com/dir/12108/140.php

Holidays and Observances - Mauritania Society and Culture > Holidays and Observances > Holidays and Observances Holidays and Observances Services WoW Search Engine and Directory Service Society and Culture > Holidays and Observances > Mauritania Add Url Suggest Category Last 10 Searches Cross-referenced categories in "Holidays and Observances - Mauritania": Activities and Crafts April Fools' Day Birthdays Boxing Day ... Web Directories No results found in "Holidays and Observances - Mauritania" Click Here With Comments or Questions NEW Submissions WoW World News ... Sign Up For FREE WoW Email Service Welcome to WoW Search Engine and Directory. WoW is becoming one of the Webs largest Free Directories with over 200 million topics and over 200 thousand pages indexed by Google. WoW was designed and created for the small business as an affordable quality web presence. Our topic structure is comprehensive enough to accommodate all types of business and services without excessively long topics that can give you poor position and few viewers. This is a professionally edited directory so you can be assured of friendly, consistent and quality service. Sponsoring Links About Us and Privacy Notice Site Map: Main Topics Arts and Humanities Business and Economy Computers and Internet Education ... Hosted By V7 Inc.

37. Background - The Imraguen Of Banc D'Arguin The Imraguen are among the poorest people in mauritania. The question is raisedwhether it is morally right turning their culture into a museum, thus denying http://www.afrol.com/Countries/Mauritania/backgr_Imraguen.htm

Mauritanian World Heritage Site Banc d'Arguin: The Imraguen guards of culture and nature Related items Pages afrol Mauritania Mauritania News Mauritania Index Page afrol Environment ... afrol Travel News articles 12.08.2002 - Mauritanian govt wants to exploit tourism potential 21.05.2002 - West African marine turtles difficult to protect 16.03.2002 - Mauritanian fish stocks declining sharply 30.11.2001 - Europe discussing Mauritanian fisheries quotas ... 12.07.2000 - Mauritania obtains debt relief Background The Imraguen guards of Mauritania's Banc d'Arguin Poverty and poverty reduction in Mauritania Women: Mauritania Gender Profile In Internet Banc d'Arguin National Park Government of Mauritania IRIN - Mauritania In 1989, the Mauritanian national park Banc d'Arguin was admitted to the UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites. Fringing the Saharan desert's Atlantic coast, the park is made up of sand dunes, coastal swamps, small islands and shallow coastal waters. It is however even more known for its biodiversity (birds, fish, turtles, dolphins, etc.) and its fishery resources, carefully managed by the local Imraguen fisherman. Foreigner's overfishing off the park however remains a threat The Banc d'Arguin National Park is located on the Atlantic desert-coast of Mauritania, midway between the capital Nouakchott in the south and Nouadhibou in the north. Its shallow, marshy waters, containing one of Africa's most productive ecosystems, makes the marine and terrestrial park, barren only at the first look, a unique resource.

38. Regional, Africa, Mauritania: Society And Culture news from 1998; Scenes From mauritania Series of picture on mauritania from American rightsof people of Arab descent and promoting their rich cultural heritage http://www.combose.com/Regional/Africa/Mauritania/Society_and_Culture/

Top Regional Africa Mauritania ... Society and Culture Related links of interest: Society:Issues:Labor:Slavery AI on Mauritania - Amnesty International Publications on Mauritania Coalition Against Slavery in Mauritania and Sudan - Brings together all races, creeds, and nationalities to collectively fight for the eradication of the chattel enslavement of black Africans. Ethnologue: Mauritania - Languages of Mauritania Human Rights Watch: Mauritania - News and detailed reports on the situation in the country. - General information on the Peace Corps Volunteers in Mauritania. Rift Valley fever in Mauritania - EMC disease outbreak news from 1998 Scenes From Mauritania - Series of picture on Mauritania from American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee, a civil rights organization committed to defending the rights of people of Arab descent and promoting their rich cultural heritage. USCR: Mauritania - US Committee for Refugees (USCR) defends the rights of refugees, asylum seekers, and displaced persons worldwide regardless of their nationality, race, religion, ideology or social group. Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web.

39. Mauritania: UNESCO Culture Sector Young Digital Creators. Send Printer friendly version. You are here Home Regional Networking Arab States mauritania. mauritania. Read more http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php@URL_ID=10183&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECT

var static_ko="10183"; var static_section="205"; var static_langue="en"; Home About DigiArts Media arts Music using technology ... Printer friendly version var static_ko=""; var static_section=""; var static_langue="en"; You are here Home Regional Networking Arab States Mauritania Mauritania Read more... document.write(kotype_name_display); Université Virtuelle Africaine var static_ko="10183"; var static_section="205"; var static_langue="en"; Resources Topic Home Page © UNESCO ContactDigi-Arts

40. Mauritania: UNESCO Culture Sector Young Digital Creators. Send Printer friendly version. You are here Home Regional Networking Africa mauritania. mauritania. Read more http://portal.unesco.org/culture/en/ev.php@URL_ID=9934&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTI

var static_ko="9934"; var static_section="205"; var static_langue="en"; Home About DigiArts Media arts Music using technology ... Printer friendly version var static_ko=""; var static_section=""; var static_langue="en"; You are here Home Regional Networking Africa Mauritania Mauritania Read more... document.write(kotype_name_display); Centre d'accès à l'information de Nouakchott Nouvelles technologies éducatives var static_ko="9934"; var static_section="205"; var static_langue="en"; Resources Topic Home Page © UNESCO ContactDigi-Arts

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