61. Carleton College: French: Mali, Africa Program He has directed four Carleton French language and culture programs to Pau and Parisand One St. Olaf interim in South africa. A native of mali, he grew up in http://webapps.acs.carleton.edu/curricular/fren/study_abroad/Mali/

Skip Navigation Text Only/ Printer-Friendly Site Navigation Information for... - Prospective Students - Current Students - International Students - Alumni - Visitors Quick Links: - A to Z Guide - Academic Departments - Admissions - Athletics - Campus Offices - Carleton News - Employment Opportunities - Event Calendars - Giving to Carleton - Gould Library - Phone/Email Directory - Registrar's Office - Site Map - The Arts at Carleton You are here: Academic Departments French Study Abroad French ... Paris Program Mali, Africa Program Course Home Pages Courses (Catalog) Tools Faculty and Staff ... Printer-Friendly Mali, Africa Program Winter 2004 Program Dates Late December 2003 to early March 2004 (winter term) Director Ch©rif Ke¯ta, Professor of Francophone Studies. Ch©rif has been at Carleton since 1985, where he teaches French and courses on Francophone African and Caribbean literature, African cinema, and Mande culture. He has directed four Carleton French language and culture programs to Pau and Paris and One St. Olaf interim in South Africa. A native of Mali, he grew up in Bamako, the capital city of Mali, where the Carleton program will be based. Location This program is aimed at introducing students to the rich culture and history of Mali as well as its daily existence as one of the most economically challenged countries in the world.

62. Photograph Of Mali, West Africa (510-5) 5105) travel, culture, cultures, cultural, africa, african, west africa, west african,mali, diafarabe, fishing, Niger River, rivers, fishermen, daily life,. http://www.networkaspen.com/photograph_pages/photograph_A04316.html

Photograph of Mali, West Africa (510-5) Photograph of Mali, West Africa (510-5) travel, culture, cultures, cultural, africa, african, west africa, west african, mali, diafarabe, fishing, Niger River, rivers, fishermen, daily life, Location: Picture of Mali, West Africa (510-5) Photographer : ©Michael Lewis Image ID#:

63. Mali History & Mali Culture | IExplore recognize the results. mali Trip Search. See Trips to mali. mali TravelExperts. Meet our africa expert Rosemary Burki. mali Merchandise. http://iexplore.military.com/dmap/Mali/History

dateString = 1100351240; Keyword Search: Home Trip Finder Destination Guides Join / Sign-in ... Mali History E-mail this page Keyword Search Help Mali Travel Travel and Trips Mali Overview The Essentials Where to Go ... Health and Vaccinations Monthly Newsletter Sign-up for monthly travel specials Save up to 50% Privacy Statement Mali History For centuries it was a crossroads: Caravans crisscrossed the region during the days of the ancient kingdoms of Ghana, Mali and Songhai. Slaves, gold and ivory were brought from the south and traded in the Middle East and Europe for weapons, jewelry and salt. Mali drew people from all corners of the globe, and the city of Timbuktu was a center of learning, with a university that boasted 25,000 students. When merchant ships replaced the caravans in the 17th century, the trade routes collapsed and the region was forgotten (except, perhaps, for Timbuktu, which became synonymous with remoteness). Only recently have archaeologists begun to explore Mali's rich history. Intensive European involvement in Mali's affairs began about 100 years ago, when it became a French colony. The colonists encouraged the raising of cash crops, such as cotton, at the expense of food crops, a situation not wholly rectified today. After gaining independence in 1960, Mali adopted socialist, anti-Western policies. Increasing economic turmoil, however, led to a 1968 military coup. The military ruled until March 1991, when riots toppled the government. Mali then switched to a half-military, half-civilian government, which lasted until elections could be held in 1992. To the pleasant surprise of many, the military stepped down and allowed former editor and government critic Alpha Konare to take his place as Mali's first democratically elected president. Konare and his supporters won again in 1997, but an opposition alliance boycotted the polls and has refused to recognize the results.

64. Summer Educational Programs In Africa - Madagascar, Mali, Morocco, Mozambique, N in africa. The traditional culture of mali Senegal and the new Southafrica. August 5 19, 2002. or August 4-18, 2003. Senegal, mali http://www.isp.msu.edu/ncsa/Summer_L_S.htm

Study Abroad Programs in Africa: Summer - Madagascar, Mali, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Swaziland Summer Programs: Africa-Ethiopia Gambia-Kenya Tanzania-Zimbabwe The cost/fees associated with these programs are subject to change without our knowledge, use this information only as a guide! African Country Sponsoring Institution Address Phone Cost E-mail/World Wide Web Course of Study Type of Program Madagascar School for International Training/ World Learning (SIT/ASA) SIT/ASA Kipling Road, Brattleboro, VT Semester Madagascar Southern Africa Field Program, Mary Washington College, Donald Rallis Department of Geography Fredericksburg. VA 22401-5358 Fax:(540) 373-4697 Starts at $3,975 e-mail: drallis@africastudy.com gelder@africastudy.com www: http://www.africastudy.com/ Focus is on geography, history, and politics of post-apartheid S. Africa May - June Mali Senegal South Africa African American Studies Program Prof. Harold Rogers President, African American Studies Program

65. Mali, Actualités De Ce Pays D'Afrique - Journal, Annuaire, Quotidien - Afrik.co Translate this page supporters marocains sont venus, en masse, assister à la magnifique victoire deleur équipe par 4 buts à 0 devant le mali. culture africa Cinéma, un http://www.afrik.com/mali

jeudi 10 juin 2004 Comment annoncer sur Afrik.com ? Cliquez ici pour consulter nos tarifs publicitaires. Edito Economie ... Archives GROS PLAN Femmes d'Afrik Reportages photo Site coup de coeur Jouez sur Afrik [ Recherche Avancée ] Votre email perso Afrik.com, c'est aussi Mali Mali Le criquet menace Sauver les manuscrits islamiques Kadhafi médiateur Eliminer le ver de guinée ... Togo Les articles les plus populaires du pays Mohamed Dia habille la NBA Le football africain aux JO Rebelles bleus Dia entreprise solidaire ... Les artistes du pays Archives Les archives Mali Sport Abou Konaté : la force du sport Lire la suite ... Sport Découvrir le Mali en courant Lire la suite ... Découverte Rebelles bleus Lire la suite ... ... Sur les rives du Niger Le navigateur-illustrateur Gildas Flahaut a passé deux mois au Mali. De ce premier voyage en Afrique, il a ramené des dessins, des peintures, des esquisses et des textes poétiques. Il en fait un magnifique carnet de route à lire et à savourer sans modération. Lire la suite ... Sport Le football africain aux JO Lire la suite ... ... Scorsese a le blues Mission accomplie pour Du Mali au Mississipi Lire la suite ...

66. Milwaukee Art Museum in the exhibition african Sculpture Bamana Art from mali at the visual experiencethat expands our understanding of the culture of West africa.” New York http://www.mam.org/exhibitions/major/story_ID_88.asp

67. USAID Telling Our Story: Sub-Saharan Africa in School for Brighter Future 01/04; Bridging the Digital Divide in Ancient culture- 04/04. Community Schools Bring About Change in mali - 04/04. South africa. http://www.usaid.gov/stories/archiveafr.html

About Telling Our Story Contact Us Frequently Asked Questions Submit a Story: Success Story Case Study First Person Before and After ... Photo and Caption By Region: Sub-Saharan Africa Search by topic or keyword Search by Country ...Select a Country... Afghanistan Albania Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Bolivia Botswana Bosnia/Herzegovina Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Colombia Croatia Egypt El Salvador Eritrea Ghana Guinea Guyana Haiti Honduras Indonesia Iraq Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kosovo Kyrgyzstan Madagascar Malawi Mali Moldova Mongolia Morocco Namibia Nepal Nicaragua Nigeria Paraguay Philippines Romania Russia Senegal Serbia/Montenegro Sierra Leone South Africa Tajikistan Tanzania Ukraine Uganda Uzbekistan Zimbabwe Home Telling Our Story Story Archive - Sub-Saharan Africa Botswana Success Story Telecommunications Reform Changes Lives Eritrea Case Study Saving the Lives of Children in Eritrea Ghana Success Story Food Vendor Turns Main Supplier of Mangoes Guinea Case Study Credit Intermediation Successful in Guinea Storybooks Help Children Learn to Read in Guinea First Person Entrepreneur Triples Sales with Training Beekeepers' Association Better Manages Business Bringing Family Planning to Rural Guinea Kenya Case Study Reaping the Benefit of Seed Planting First Person SuperMoneyMaker Pump Revives Hope Success Story "Colours of Life" Program Empowers Co-op In Kenya

68. An Introduction To Africa rose up on the gold and ivory trade, and it was once the richest city in africa.Today, an especially attractive aspect of mali is its cultural wealth, which http://www.geographia.com/indx06.htm

Safari . The word simply means "travel" in Swahili, but for many, it alludes to wonders first envisioned in childhood: sweeping savannas, big snarling cats, thundering herds of elephant and wildebeest. Like its meaning, the word roams the imagination, becoming other words and places, like serengeti, sahara , or Kilimanjaro . Safari crosses the landscape of the mind, until it finally merges with the name of the great continent itself, Africa. Geographia invites our readers to explore all the traditional African safari destinations, but the game parks and wildlife reserves are only the beginning of the adventure. The second largest continent on Earth, Africa contains more countries than any other. With a history of human habitation that begins with the oldest known ancestors of man, the continent's cultural wealth easily matches its natural attractions. Empires rose and fell in Africa thousands of years before the European powers began their protracted exploitation of the continent, and much pre-colonial culture remains intact. Click and Explore...

69. AllAfrica.com Arts, Culture And Entertainment allAfrica African news and information for a global audience mali. Mauritania. Mauritius. Morocco. Mozambique. Namibia. Niger. Nigeria. Rwanda. Senegal. Seychelles. Sierra Leone. Somalia. South http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.allafrica.com/arts/&y=022A282C40

70. Cultural Tours Of Timbuktu, Dogon Country And Djenne In Mali, West Africa Even though it is a landlocked country, mali is africa s thirdranking fish producer.The Bozo people are the predominant cultural group along the Niger, and http://www.sagatours.com/about-mali.html

Travel to Timbuktu , Djenne, Dogon country , Mopti and Bamako, in Mali the jewel of West Africa Riverboat sailing on the Niger River, from Mopti to Timbuktu Camel treks on the dunes of the Sahara Desert, to visit Tuareg villages Horseback touring, hiking and camping on the Bandiagara Escarpment Traditional dances in Dogon, Bambara and Tuareg villages Photos: SAGA TOURS ©2000 Welcome to Mali ! Timbuktu The city of legend truly exists, on the fringes of the Sahara Desert, in Mali. Timbuktu azalaïs Photo: Tuareg camp in the desert See also: Timbuktu Educational Foundation Timbuktu - City of Legends (BBC) Blue Men of the Sahara Timbuktu - World Heritage Site (UNESCO) Timbuktu - El Dorado Ancient Scholarship 18th Century Visitor's Account Salt Caravans (BBC) Timbuktu Manuscripts (BBC) Dogon Country Dogon country is home of one of the most fascinating cultures in Africa. The Dogon people have retained much of their original culture and still practice their traditional beliefs. Funerary mask dances are still performed at the end of mourning periods, to encourage the spirit of a loved one to depart the village and join the ancestors. The Dogon people fled their original homeland to escape the spread of Islam, and settled in and around the cliffs of the Bandiagara escarpment . Agriculturalists, they practice subsistence farming on the plateau above the cliffs and on the plain below. The difficult terrain made an insular people isolated even from each other, and over the generations each village formed a cultural island and developed its own dialect, often incomprehensible to its neighbors. Today there are some 50 distinct versions of spoken Dogon.

71. Africa: Arts & Culture: African Television, TV And Radio Subject http://www.clickafrique.com/Arts/Television.asp

Home News Forum Directory ... Flag/Maps/Info An E-Community for Africa >E-Mail to a friend >Can't Find it - Ask Us ! Search ClickAfrique Quick Links Country Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde CAR Chad Comoros Congo Congo DR Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Eq. Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Principe Reunion Rwanda Sao Tome SADR Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Central Africa Eastern Africa Northern Africa Southern Africa Western Africa Africa (General) Subject Accomodation Airlines Athletics Basketball Banks Boxing Car Hire Companies Countries Country Guides Cricket Culture Dance E-Commerce Education Embassy Film Finance Football Galleries Game Reserves Games Government Hardware Health History Hotels Insurance Investment ISPs Finance Jobs Language Magazine Mobile Phones Museums Music News Newspapers Organistions PC People Portals Property Nature Reserves Radio Resorts Shipping Software Television Theatre Tourism Office Tourist Agencies Trade Gifts and Special Offers : O% APR Offers on UK Credit Cards. Apply online for an immediate decision.

72. Splendor In Medieval Africa reflected and influenced a myriad of cultures that, due to societies is the medievalKingdom of mali, which thrived as a dominant power in west africa from the http://historymedren.about.com/library/weekly/aa022299.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History Medieval History Home ... Daily Features zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Before You Buy Top Picks Product Reviews Articles ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Medieval History newsletter. Search Medieval History Splendor in Medieval Africa A visit to Mali's medieval past Because the world has another face Open your eyes Angelique Kidjo As an amateur medievalist, I have become keenly aware of how the history of Europe in the middle ages is often misunderstood or dismissed by otherwise intelligent, educated individuals. The medieval era of those nations outside of Europe is doubly ignored, first for its disreputable time frame (the "dark ages"), and then for its apparent lack of direct impact on modern western society. Such is the case with Africa in the middle ages, a fascinating field of study that suffers from the further insult of racism. With the unavoidable exception of Egypt, the history of Africa before the incursion of Europeans has in the past been dismissed, erroneously and at times deliberately, as inconsequential to the development of modern society. Fortunately, some scholars are working to correct this grave error. The study of medieval African societies has value, not only because we can learn from all civilizations in all time frames, but because these societies reflected and influenced a myriad of cultures that, due to the Diaspora that began in the 16th century, have spread throughout the modern world.

73. Mali (africa Today). Seeing mali; An unexpected vision of community ensnares a Post).The future of mali s past.(plundering of mali s cultural heritage) (Antiquity). http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107759.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips World Countries Mali Infoplease Atlas: Mali Republic of Mali National name: President: Prime Minister: Area: 478,764 sq mi (1,240,000 sq km) Population (2004 est.): 11,956,788 (growth rate: 2.8%); birth rate: 47.3/1000; infant mortality rate: 118.0/1000; life expectancy: 45.3; density per sq mi: 25 Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Bamako, 1,323,200 (metro. area), 935,400 Monetary unit: CFA Franc Languages: French (official), African languages Ethnicity/race: Mande 50% (Bambara, Malinke, Sarakole), Peul 17%, Voltaic 12%, Songhai 6%, Tuareg and Moor 10%, other 5% Religions: Islam 90%, traditional 9%, Christian 1% Literacy rate: 46% (2003 est.) Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2002 est.): $9.775 billion; per capita $900. Real growth rate: Inflation: Unemployment: 14.6% urban areas; 5.3% rural areas (2001 est.).

74. Songhay Songhay From Greatness to Ruin. Ghana, mali, Songhay the Western Sudan. Songhai(Songhay). African History and culture African Kingdoms (500-1500). http://www.mcps.k12.md.us/specialprojects/africa_access/AA_Research_Projects/Mal

The Songhay Empire (under construction) Geography Chu, Daniel and Elliott Skinner. "The Rise of Gao." A Glorious Age in Africa: The Story of Three Great African Empires . Trenton: Africa World Press, 1990: 79-81 The Political Economy of Songhay: Empire and Trade "African Kingdoms and Empires, 500-1600." DISCovering World History . Online Edition. Gale, 2003. Reproduced in Student Resource Center. Detroit: Gale, 2003. http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/SRC Document Number: CD2105230004 Accessed December 14, 2003. Brook, Larry. "Market Day." Daily life in Ancient and Modern Timbuktu . Minneapolis: Runestone Press, Lerner, 1999: 42-43. Brook, Larry. "Morocco Invades." Daily life in Ancient and Modern Timbuktu . Minneapolis: Runestone Press, Lerner, 1999: 20-21. Brook, Larry. "The Rise of the Songhai Empire." Daily life in Ancient and Modern Timbuktu . Minneapolis: Runestone Press, Lerner, 1999: 20-21.

75. Art Of Mali While Islam and Christianity have influenced a great number of the indigenous culturesin africa, many of the cultures in mali have maintained their traditions http://www.princetonol.com/groups/iad/lessons/middle/artmali.htm

The Bamana Where is Mali? Earth Dyed Cloth Carvers of Mali ... Why Study African Art LEARN ABOUT THE PEOPLE OF MALI AND THE ART THEY CREATE Many of the beliefs, values and customs of cultures are learned through a study of their arts. While Islam and Christianity have influenced a great number of the indigenous cultures in Africa, many of the cultures in Mali have maintained their traditions. Click on the bullets ( and green underlined (or purple if visited words to find out more Where is Mali? Flag of Mali What is the History of Mali? Who Was Sundiata the Lion King? Who was Mansa Musa? When was the Songhai Empire Who are the people who live in Mali? See images from Melissa Enderle's teaching experience in Mali. What are some of the artworks the people of Mali create? What are some current art trends in Mali? Crafts today pottery of Mali and textiles Masquerade Trends Today ... See the Puppets of Mali - very informative The Bozo puppets of Mali. Let's discover the colored magic of the Niger River fishermen. (be sure to click the play button) See the Flash presentation - from Mosaique du Monde What are some of the problems in preserving art of Mali?

76. Mali Tours, Mali Tourism, Mali Trips The Central African Republic Lowland Gorillas, Pygmies Primitive culture Tour.Season January to December. Duration 12 days. Price $4513 and above. 12. mali, http://www.infohub.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/Mali.html

You are here: Home Africa Trip Listing Service Home Categories Active Adventure Affinity Family Hobby ... Sports Destination Africa Asia Australia Caribbean ... Maps Weekend Getaways Backroad CityEscape Unique Stays Castle Hotel Eco Lodge Outdoors Fishing Lodge Guest Ranch Hunting Lodge Resorts Diving Golf Naturist Spa Mali Below you'll find some of the best guided and self-guided Mali tours and Mali holiday packages available online. Many of these tours feature unique travel activities that you are not likely to find anywhere else. We try to compile the best of special interest Mali tourism available we can find on the internet. If you are interested in any of these tours, please contact the tour operator directly with any questions, for ordering free brochures or booking. The list is updated frequently so visit early and check often. TIMBUCTU, DJENNE, AND THE BANDIAGARA ESCARPMENT Season: September to March Destination: Mali Activity: Anthropology Cultural Expeditions Desert Expeditions Duration: 12 days Price: $2650 and above Season: January to December Destination: Morocco Mali Activity: Cultural Expeditions History Tours Religion/Spirituality Duration: 15 days Price: $4395 and above Season: January to December Destination: Mali Activity: Cultural Expeditions Festival Tours History Tours Duration: 11 days Price: $3145 and above Explore Mali Season: January to December Destination: Mali Activity: Cultural Expeditions Festival Tours History Tours Duration: 9 days Price: $2275 and above Mali West Africa Tours, Vacations and Travel Packages

77. Mali: Afropop Country -- West Africa, Berber Music, Wassoulou, Griot Music, Afri Back to Country Page. mali. mali, an arid, landlocked nation fillingthe interior of West africa, is a cultural colossus. It has produced http://www.afropop.org/explore/country_info/ID/2/Mali/

Love African music? Get our free e-Newsletter! Home Radio Explore Archives ... Back to Country Page Mali History runs deep in Mali. In the 13th century, long before French colonizers arrived, the peaceful and productive Malian Empire spread through much of today's West Africa, far beyond the country's present borders. Many different ethnic groups came together under a visionary Manding king, Sunjata Keita, to control the trans-Saharan trade of salt and gold. The empire enjoyed two centuries of peace and glory, and that golden era lives on today in songs and stories. Contemporary Mali is far poorer and more challenged than the Empire at its height, or indeed than the Songhai and Bambara kingdoms that followed Mali and preceded the French colonial era. The Manding now rub shoulders and share scant resources with Fulani (Peul), Bambara, Bobo, Dogon, Tamascheck, Soninke, Songhoi, Tuareg and other peoples. But recalling the inclusive vision of Sunjata, Malians mostly get along and show a respect for cultural diversity unusual in modern Africa. Each of these ethnic groups has its own rich musical tradition, and together, they form one of the most enchanting musical landscapes in the world. If Malians are more acutely in touch with their history than many other Africans, much credit goes to the

78. Berber Music: Afropop Style -- Algeria, Morocco, Mali, North Africa, West Africa are the nomadic Tuareg of mali, Niger, and beautiful expressions of this ancientculture do survive the Arabized Islamic societies of today s north africa. http://www.afropop.org/explore/style_info/ID/2/Berber music/

Love African music? Get our free e-Newsletter! Home Radio Explore Archives ... Back to Style Page Berber music Berber culture spread throughout north and west Africa beginning over 3000 years ago. The desertification of the Maghreb region between 300BC and 400AD transformed formerly rich pastures into hostile desert, forcing Berbers into either nomadic lives or else into the mountains. During the Arab and French invasions of later centuries, neither force could penetrate Berber strongholds in the high valleys of the Atlas Mountains, where they preserved their non-Arab language, and their ritual and recreational music. By now, through both natural and human cataclysms, history has blurred the old lines of Berber identity, and their deeper origins remain obscure. Most contemporary Berbers are today known by other names: Tuareg, Rif, Kabylia, Shawia, Haratin, and Shluh. The word Berber has the same root as the English word "barbarian," hence the preference among the Kabyliaone of today's largest Berber-descended ethnic groupsfor the terms Amazigh (the culture), Tamazight (the language) and Imazighen (the people). Berber history is a tale of struggle going back to the days of the Greek and Roman Empires. Ever since Arab peoples entered north Africa beginning in the 7th century, Berbers have been marginalized in many of their old homelands. French colonizers in Algeria favored Kabyles over Arabs, further inflaming conflict between Arabs and Berbers. Not surprisingly, old animosities live on today throughout the Maghreb region.

79. Washingtonpost.com Travel. • World Travel Guide • Lonely Planet • africa Cultural OverlandMali Travel. Currency Converter. • Foreign Exchange Rates. World Weather. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/world/africa/northafrica/mali/

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80. African News & Education Songhai of Niger mali. Note Earth Metopolis is were we live sopress the yellow back tab on the culture page to return African Music Archives http://www.africanmetropolis.com/news/african.htm

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