1. African Africa Indigenous People Bangubangu Home. africa, african Anthropology General Resources. By peoples. Karagwe Kassena Katana Kom Kongo Kota Kuba Kusu Kwahu Kwere Laka Lega Lobi luba Luchazi Luluwa http://www.archaeolink.com/african_africa_indigenous_people.htm

Bangubangu Home Africa, African Anthropology General Resources By peoples Akan Akuapem Akye Anyi ... Zulu Bangubangu People "The Bangubangu are now thought to have a shared history with other early hunters (pre-Bembe hunters) who passed through the region, including the Bembe, Boyo, northern Hemba, and Holoholo. All of these peoples share similar carving styles that venerate the ancestors. They originated in the southeast around the Lualaba River and migrated in several waves to their current location near Lake Tanganyika. Like the Hemba, they have also been greatly influenced by their contact with the Luba." You will find material relating to history, culture, political structure, art and more. - From University of Iowa - http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Bangubangu.html Top of Page

2. Minorities At Risk (MAR) Choose a Region. africa (SubSaharan) Asia. Latin America Caribbean 0.0300. indigenous peoples. BURUNDI. HUTUS. 4707 DEM. REP. CONGO. luba. 1960. 0.0400 http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/mar/data/africatbl.htm

Choose a Region Africa (Sub-Saharan) Asia Post-Communist States Sub-Saharan Africa Gpop98: Group Population in 1998 in 000s ( Explanation of population estimates Prop98: Proportion of group population to total population COUNTRY GROUP TYPE ANGOLA BAKONGO communal contender ANGOLA CABINDA communal contender ANGOLA OVIMBUNDU communal contender BOTSWANA SAN indigenous peoples BURUNDI HUTUS communal contender BURUNDI TUTSIS communal contender CAMEROON BAMILEKE communal contender CAMEROON KIRDI indigenous peoples CAMEROON WESTERNERS communal contender CHAD SOUTHERNERS communal contender CONGO LARI communal contender CONGO M'BOSHI communal contender DEM. REP. CONGO HUTUS ethnoclass DEM. REP. CONGO LUBA communal contender DEM. REP. CONGO LUNDA, YEKE communal contender DEM. REP. CONGO NGBANDI communal contender DEM. REP. CONGO TUTSIS ethnoclass DJIBOUTI AFARS indigenous peoples ERITREA AFARS ethnonationalist ETHIOPIA AFARS indigenous peoples ETHIOPIA AMHARA communal contender ETHIOPIA OROMO communal contender ETHIOPIA SOMALIS indigenous peoples ETHIOPIA TIGREANS communal contender GHANA ASHANTI communal contender GHANA EWE communal contender GHANA MOSSI -DAGOMBA communal contender GUINEA FULANI communal contender GUINEA MALINKE communal contender GUINEA SUSU communal contender KENYA KALENJIN indigenous peoples KENYA KIKUYU communal contender KENYA KISII communal contender KENYA LUHYA communal contender KENYA LUO communal contender KENYA MAASAI indigenous peoples KENYA SOMALI indigenous peoples MADAGASCAR MERINA communal contender MALI

3. 100gogo Expedition Of Africa, Africa's Super Predators & Mammals Safari the Kongo, Mongo, Kuba, luba, Lunda, and Chokwe of South africa with European and Asian admixtures. The other indigenous groups are all Bantuspeaking peoples, originally http://www.100gogo.com/africa

Africa - The Birthplace of Modern Humans You either love it or hate it . . . Africa Map Click here to see large map Introduction Features of Africa Africa is the second-largest continent , after Asia, covering 30,330,000 sq km; about 22% of the total land area of the Earth. It measures about 8,000 km from north to south and about 7,360 km from east to west. The highest point on the continent is Mt. Kilimanjaro - Uhuru Point - (5,963 m/19,340 ft) in Tanzania. The lowest is Lake 'Asal (153 m/502 ft below sea level) in Djibouti. The Forests cover about one-fifth of the total land area of the continent. The Woodlands, bush lands, grasslands and thickets occupy about two-fifth. And the Deserts and their extended margins have the remaining two-fifths of African land. World's longest river : The River Nile drains north-eastern Africa, and, at 6,650 km (4,132 mi), is the longest river in the world. It is formed from the Blue Nile, which originates at Lake Tana in Ethiopia, and the White Nile, which originates at Lake Victoria. World's second largest lake : Lake Victoria is the largest lake in Africa and the is the world's second-largest freshwater lake - covering an area of 69,490 sq km (26,830 sq mi) and lies 1,130 m (3,720 ft) above sea level. Its greatest known depth is 82 m (270 ft).

4. African Maps | Map Africa An annotated guide to african maps and information about african maps on the internet. There is a peoples Database. The Project is about the origins of luba kingship in the Kabongo in West africa. These maps show early settlements in Liberia, indigenous political http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/map.html

Topics Maps Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home See also: South African Maps Africa Action - Africa Regions Map Map, in Adobe PDF , of Africa's regions, bar graphs illustrating population, economy, trade, chart of African regional organizations. Africa Action is based in Washington, D.C. [KF] http://www.africapolicy.org/ Africa Data Dissemination Service The African Data Dissemination Service (ADDS) provides internet access to the data collected for the FEWS project. The U.S. Agency for International Development, Famine Early Warning System (FEWS) project lowers the "incidence of drought-induced famine by providing to decision makers, timely and accurate information regarding potential famine conditions." Has digital maps for many countries showing administrative boundaries, roads, climate, land use, elevation, hydrology, railroads, spatial analysis (population clusters), vegetation (Chad only). Has maps of rainfall estimates and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) maps, agricultural production statistics (used with AGMAN), rainfall data using RAINMAN, prices using PRICEMAN. [KF]

5. Africa Ethiopian highlands came to dominate the indigenous Bantu tropical rain forests, Bantuspeaking peoples established agricultural about 1500, into the luba Empire http://www.emayzine.com/lectures/africa3a.html

Africa Some 5 million years ago a type of hominid, a close evolutionary ancestor of present-day humans, inhabited southern and eastern Africa. More than 1.5 million years ago this toolmaking hominid developed into the more advanced forms Homo habilis and Homo erectus. The earliest true human being in Africa, Homo sapiens, dates from more than 200,000 years ago. A hunter-gatherer capable of making crude stone tools, Homo sapiens banded together with others to form nomadic groups; eventually these nomadic San peoples spread throughout the African continent. Distinct races date from approximately 10,000 BC. Gradually a growing Negroid population, which had mastered animal domestication and agriculture, forced the San groups into the less hospitable areas. In the 1st century AD the Bantu, one group of this dominant people, began a migration that lasted some 2000 years, settling most of central and southern Africa. Negroid societies typically depended on subsistence agriculture or, in the savannas, pastoral pursuits. Political organization was normally local, although large kingdoms would later develop in western and central Africa. see Aksum, Kingdom of

6. Congo - A Look At The Past speaking peoples established themselves throughout Central africa. and they largely displaced the indigenous peoples. including Kongo, Kuba, luba and Lunda. http://www.settlement.org/cp/english/congo/alook.html

A L OOK AT THE P AST T he indigenous peoples in Congo were forest dwellers. Their descendants, primarily members of the Efe and Mbuti tribes, still live as hunters and gatherers in the northern Ituri forest. Late in the first millennium A.D., Bantu-speaking peoples established themselves throughout Central Africa. Their culture was based on ironworking and agriculture, and they largely displaced the indigenous peoples. B y the 15th century, several kingdoms had developed in the area, including Kongo, Kuba, Luba and Lunda. When the Portuguese explorer Diogo Cam reached the mouth of the Congo River in 1482, he discovered that the coastal kingdoms were capturing people from nearby areas and sending them to work as slaves in Saudi Arabia. Over the next few centuries, Portuguese and French traders enslaved millions of Africans, and sent them to work on plantations in North and South America. The slave trade was abolished in 1885. I n 1878, King Leopold II of Belgium hired Anglo-American explorer Henry Morton Stanley to establish outposts along the Congo River. Leopold persuaded other European rulers to recognize Congo as his personal territory, which he named the Congo Free State. D uring Leopold's reign, the Congolese were brutally treated. They were forced to build a railroad and collect ivory and rubber. As many as 10 million Congolese died between 1880 and 1910. When news of the atrocities became public in 1908, the Belgian government took control of the colony and renamed it the Belgian Congo. Although the Belgian government improved working conditions slightly, it too was a harsh ruler and continued to extract natural resources. For years, the Congolese struggled to achieve independence.

7. Kingdoms Of Africa Kingdoms Of africa. africa was the homeland of Kushite peoples from the Ethiopian highlands came to dominate the indigenous Bantu about 1500, into the luba Empire. Its founding http://www.afrc.af.mil/910AW/Black History Web/kingdoms_of_africa.htm

8. AFRICA.Arena | Sitemap EAST. SOUTHERN. COMMUNITIES. indigenous. ASIANS. ORIENTAL. EUROPEANS. AMERICAS Lunda Angola. Ovimbundu. Chokwe. luba Empire. Lozi Other Regions SOUTHERN africa. peoples of .. Nguni Kingdom http://siyan.topcities.com/Africa/sitemap_a.htm

Africa.TODAY OVERVIEW Overview BUMP MAP COUNTRIES REGIONS WEST CENTRAL EAST SOUTHERN COMMUNITIES INDIGENOUS ASIANS ORIENTAL EUROPEANS AMERICAS North Caribbean Latino OTHERS POLITICAL SYSTEMS GOVERNMENTS LEGAL SYSTEMS Customary Islamic Imported Modern The SOCIETY Urbanisation Litteracy Arts,Culture Communication Ethnicity PERSPECTIVES GEOGRAPHY CARTOGRAPHY PHYSICAL Demography Relief Geology Climate ECOSYSTEMS Ecology Vegetation Land Use Forestry ... Hazards HISTORY ANTHROPOLOGY ARCHEOLOGY ORIGIN To 500 B.C. Evolution Stone Ages Early Middle Late Civilisations Badari Naqada I Naqada II Early Egypt Productions Origins of Pastoralism Indigenous African ... Productions 500 B.C. - 1050 A.D. Prehistoric Cultures PREHISTORY Culture Population Origin of "Races" Domestication Nilotic Africa Sudan Ethiopia Meroe Civilisation Origin Rise of Aksum 300 B.C. To The ... Copper Ages Bantu Africa Stone Age Productions Peoples Dispersion ... Regions 1050 - 1600 A.D. Arabisation of Sudan East Africa North-East Africa ... In Egypt ETHIOPIA,The HORN 9th,10th Century Christian Ethiopia Zagwe Dynasty ... Ethiopia EAST COAST Madagascar Earliest Muslim Shirazi Dynasty Mahdali Dynasty ... The Portugese CENTRAL SUDAN Iron,Horses

9. WORLD HISTORY was often a compromise between indigenous ways and a number of these central African peoples had begun In Katanga, the luba peoples modified the older system http://www.emayzine.com/lectures/africa and the spread of Islam.html

African Civilizations And The Spread Of Islam Introduction The spread of Islam, from its heartland in the Middle East and North Africa to India and Southeast Asia, revealed the power of the religion and its commercial and sometimes military attributes. Civilizations were altered without being fully drawn into a single Islamic statement. A similar pattern developed in sub-Saharan Africa, as Islam provided new influences and contacts without amalgamating African culture as a whole to the Middle Eastern core. New religious, economic, and political patterns developed in relation to the Islamic surge, but great diversity remained. Africa below the Sahara was never totally isolated from the centers of civilization in Egypt, west Asia, or the Mediterranean, but for long periods the contacts were difficult and intermittent. During the ascendancy of Rome, sub-Saharan Africa like northern Europe was on the periphery of the major centers of civilization. After the fall of Rome, the civilizations of Byzantium and the Islamic world provided a link between the civilizations of the Middle East and the Mediterranean as well as the areas, such as northern Europe and Africa, on their frontiers. In Africa, between roughly A.D. 800 and 1500, the frequency and intensity of contact with the outside world increased as part of the growing international network.

10. MSN Encarta - Africa to eclipse the former luba and Lunda ivory, some Central African peoples became professional plentiful European manufactured goods, indigenous African industry http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572628_16/Africa.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items African Art and Architecture African Languages more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks Africa News Search MSNBC for news about Africa Internet Search Search Encarta about Africa Search MSN for Web sites about Africa Also on Encarta Editor's picks: Good books about Iraq Compare top online degrees What's so funny? The history of humor Also on MSN Summer shopping: From grills to home decor D-Day remembered on Discovery Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Page 16 of 18 Africa Multimedia 159 items Dynamic Map View map of Africa Article Outline Introduction Natural Environment People of Africa Economy ... History J Abolition of the Slave Trade How the Atlantic slave trade came to be abolished has been the subject of ongoing historical debate. The traditional view argued by British historians for much of the 20th century was that the abolition of the slave trade was the result of a humanitarian campaign spearheaded by a handful of prominent British philanthropists. This view was challenged in the mid-20th century by historians who argued that it was hard economics, not humanitarian concerns, that ended the slave trade. According to this view, by 1800 colonial plantations were declining in profitability, while the spread of industry in Britain (

11. Africa South Of The Sahara - Culture And Society Ibibio, Kongo, Kota, Kuba, Lobi, luba, Lwalwa, Makonde twostory architecture, Islam and indigenous African cultures web site for her course peoples and Cultures http://www-sul.stanford.edu/depts/ssrg/africa/culture.html

Topics Search: Countries Topics Africa Guide Suggest a Site ... Africa Home See also: Individual Countries Adire African Textiles - Duncan Clarke History, background, and photographs of adire, adinkra, kente, bogolan, Yoruba aso-oke, akwete, ewe, kuba, and nupe textiles. The symbolism of images is often provided. One can purchase textiles as well. Clarke's Ph.D. dissertation (School of Oriental and African Studies) is on Yoruba men's weaving. Based in London. http://www.adire.clara.net Africa e Mediterraneo (Roma : Istituto sindacale per la cooperazione allo sviluppo) In Italian. A quarterly magazine about African culture and society. Has the table of contents. Topics covered: literature and theatre, music and dance, visual arts (painting, sculpture, photography), cinema, immigration. Owned by Lai-momo, a non-profit co-operative. Contact: redazione@africaemediterraneo.it [KF] http://www.africaemediterraneo.it Africa: One Continent. Many Worlds Extensive site for the traveling art exhibit from the Field Museum, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County

12. GeographyIQ - World Atlas - Africa - Zambia - Historical Highlights HISTORY The indigenous huntergatherer occupants of Zambia began to They came primarily from the luba and Lunda of that century, the various peoples of Zambia http://www.geographyiq.com/countries/za/Zambia_history_summary.htm

Home World Map Rankings Currency Converter Countries from A to Z A B C D ... Zambia (Notes) Zambia - Historical Highlights (Notes) HISTORY The indigenous hunter-gatherer occupants of Zambia began to be displaced or absorbed by more advanced migrating tribes about 2,000 years ago. The major waves of Bantu-speaking immigrants began in the 15th century, with the greatest influx between the late 17th and early 19th centuries. They came primarily from the Luba and Lunda tribes of southern Democratic Republic of Congo and northern Angola but were joined in the 19th century by Ngoni peoples from the south. By the latter part of that century, the various peoples of Zambia were largely established in the areas they currently occupy. Except for an occasional Portuguese explorer, the area lay untouched by Europeans for centuries. After the mid-19th century, it was penetrated by Western explorers, missionaries, and traders. David Livingstone, in 1855, was the first European to see the magnificent waterfalls on the Zambezi River. He named the falls after Queen Victoria, and the Zambian town near the falls is named after him. In 1888, Cecil Rhodes, spearheading British commercial and political interests in Central Africa, obtained a mineral rights concession from local chiefs. In the same year, Northern and Southern Rhodesia (now Zambia and Zimbabwe, respectively) were proclaimed a British sphere of influence. Southern Rhodesia was annexed formally and granted self-government in 1923, and the administration of Northern Rhodesia was transferred to the British colonial office in 1924 as a protectorate.

13. Zambia Country Details Cultural Information, The indigenous huntergatherer occupants of They came primarily from the luba and Lunda of that century, the various peoples of Zambia http://www.ponl.com/topic/home_page/language_en/products_and_services/country_in

var hostname = 'www.ponl.com' var menuWidth = 100; var menutop = 50; var fntCol = "#000000"; var overFnt = "#000000"; var backCol = "#000000"; var overCol = "#000000"; var borCol = "#000000"; var borCol = "#000000"; if(isIE) document.write(""); else document.write(""); Home News Recruitment FAQ Sitemap Help if(isIE) document.write(""); else document.write(""); About Us Contact Us Our Services E-Commerce Shipping Info Tariff Info AFRICA Zambia Zambia Commodity Restrictions Road Limitations 20' - 15 tons 40' - 30 tons Rail Limitations TAZARA [Tanzania-Zambia Railway Authority] operates 1,860 km of 1.067-m narrow gauge track between Dar and Kapiri Mposhi where it connects to the Zambia Railways system; Tazara is not part of the Zambia Railways system. Rail option from Durban not used currently. Local Currency ZAMBIAN KWACHA Currency of Payment U.S.DOLLAR ZAMBIAN KWACHA National Holidays 01 Jan New Year's Day 12 Mar Youh Day 18 Apr Good Friday 19 Apr Holy Saturday 21 Apr Easter Monday 01 May Labour Day 25 May Africa Freedom Day 07 Jul Heroes Day 08 Jul Unity Day 04 Aug Farmers Day 24 Oct Independence Day 25 Dec Christmas Day Working Hours Mondays to Fridays o8:00 Hrs - 12:30 Hrs 14:00 Hrs - 17:00 Hrs Local Language(s) English Kiswahili Special Documentation Requirements Port in case of TBL's, docs below to be recd in Dar/Durban office 10 days prior vsl arrival

14. Congo, Democratic Republic Of The the four largest tribes—Mongo, luba, Kongo (all South africa tries to be major player in world, XINHUA (Xinhua (China)). indigenous peoples PARTNERSHIP WITH http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0198161.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Father's Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips World Countries Congo, Democratic Republic of the Infoplease Atlas: Congo, Democratic Republic of the Democratic Republic of the Congo President: Joseph Kabila (2001) Area: 905,563 sq mi (2,345,410 sq km) Population (2004 est.): 58,317,930 (growth rate: 2.9%); birth rate: 45.1/1000; infant mortality rate: 96.6/1000; life expectancy: 48.9; density per sq mi: 64 Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Kinshasa, 6,541,300 Other large cities: Lubumbashi, 1,105,900; Mbuji-Mayi, 938,000; Kolwezi, 832,400; Kisangani, 523,000 Monetary unit: Congolese franc Languages: French (official), Swahili, Lingala, Ishiluba, and Kikongo, others Ethnicity/race: Religions: Roman Catholic 50%, Protestant 20%, Kimbanguist 10%, Islam 10%; syncretic and traditional, 10% Literacy rate: 66% (2003 est.)

15. Introduction To Africa Yet the indigenous population, though converted to Islam, did not Others, such as the luba, Kuba, and Lunda, also that were produced by the San peoples and are http://us-africa.tripod.com/intro.html

Africa About us Africa Introduction Country Files ... us-africa INTRODUCTION "It is my belief that unless we Africans can tell our own story within context and show an Africa that has not been seen before the West will continue to throw their hands up in despair believing that our continent is full of a bunch of confused savages that is now beyond salvation/redemption. The only way the West can understand and treat us seriously is to hear the African story first hand from the African perspective rather than the usual whitie version - so why not take the risk if that can help turn things around for our Continent". Quoting: Sorious Samura www.sorioussamurasafrica.org The African Union African countries, in their quest for unity, economic and social development under the banner of the OAU, have taken various initiatives and made substantial progress in many areas which paved the way for the establishment of the AFRICAN UNION From the editor enormous mountains tropical rainforests grassy savannas three large deserts , the world biggest swamp, and the world's longest river. In general the culture is rich, unique and diverse, with great craftsmanship, magical tribal dancing and fabulous musicians . Between the majestic Egyptian necropolises, the TWA/MBUTI(pygmid) civilizations, the Zulu kingdoms, our imagination can't help running amuck... Africa is where it all started. Africa is also about luxurious vegetation, wild animals, adrenaline safaris, infinite rivers and vertiginous falls. Africa evokes the tam-tam of the drums, the lollapalooza of exotic dancers. In Westerner's mind, it begets the occult, the paranormal. It holds the keys of life mysteries. And Africa has an enormous reservoir of natural and human resources. Did you know that besides

16. Course Syllabus luba KrugmanGurdus, They didn t live to see series item 50 (Draft Declaration on the Rights of indigenous peoples). xx-xxiv (The UN); 5-30 (africa); 68-75 http://www.columbia.edu/itc/polisci/juviler/course_syllabus.html

Class Syllabus Outline (subject to possible changes during the semester) Introduction: The Course, Its Purpose, and Your Part in It Week 1. Sept. 4, 6 (second date is for discussion section with students in V3001x) Human Rights at Barnard-Columbia and in This Course. It purposes, relation to other human rights courses and expectations for instructors' and students' participation. Luba Krugman-Gurdus, "They didn't live to see..." series cover (1950). Compare with syllabus cover picture (given out at meeting). What do you see? What rights do you think important, judging from your experiences, values and aspirations? What prior experience have you with human rights activity, study? Universal Declaration of Human Rights (given out at meeting). Part I. Theory: Theories of Rights and Equality in a Divided West week 2. Sept. 11, 13 Ancient Concepts of Humans' Rights and Duties Lauren

17. African Studies - History And Cultures is committed to the utilization of indigenous knowledge systems and The Roman Empire in africa (UK). lubaKasai a of study involving the Mande peoples of West http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/cult.html

History and Cultures of Africa A B C D ... Sights and Sounds of a Continent (University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries and African Studies Program, Madison, Wisconsin) This web site offers dwnloadable images, sound files, and other materials on Africa. "This online collection ... contains digitized visual images and sounds of Africa contributed over the years to the African Studies Program of the University of Wisconsin-Madison." Africa Forum (H-Africa, H-Net Humanities and Social Sciences OnLine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.) The full text article reprinted from History in Africa. 22 (1995): 369-408. "History facing the present: an interview with Jan Vansina" (November 2001) and Reply by Jean-Luc Vellut "Photography and colonial vision," by Paul S. Landau (May 19, 1999, Dept. of History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut) Excerpt from "The visual image in Africa: an introduction" in Images and empires: visuality in colonial and post-colonial Africa, ed. by Paul S. Landau and Deborah Kaspin. H-Africa Africa Forum Home Page H-Africa Network Home Page Africa's 100 Best Books (Zimbabwe International Book Fair, Harare; via Columbia University)

18. Welcome To The Brooklyn Museum Of Art their role as living legacies for the indigenous peoples of the works from Central africa, particularly those from the Kongo, luba, and Kuba peoples of the http://www.brooklynmuseum.org/visit/special_exhibitions

Choose an exhibition to learn more; Open House: Working in Brooklyn Patrick Kelly: A Retrospective Alexis Rockman: Manifest Destiny Living Legacies: The Arts of the Americas ... The Arts of Africa Open House: Working in Brooklyn Through August 15 (Morris A. and Meyer Schapiro Wing, 4th and 5th floors, and various other galleries) Since the 1970s, Brooklyn has experienced an artistic renaissance as emerging and mid-career artists have increasingly moved to the borough. Attracted by the availability of large, affordable spaces, this thriving community now includes hundreds of artists and more than fifty flourishing art galleries in such areas as Williamsburg, Greenpoint, D.U.M.B.O, and Fort Greene. Open House: Working in Brooklyn is the first comprehensive survey of Brooklyn's thriving and varied art scene. The exhibition includes some of the best work being done in painting, sculpture, installation, drawing, photography, film, and video by some of Brooklyn's most extraordinary talents. Among them is the nonagenarian sculptor Louise Bourgeois, who works in a Dean Street studio; the Swiss-born photographer Christoph Draeger, recently arrived in the borough; and the emerging painter Nancy Drew. In addition, public programs accompanying the exhibition will feature dance, music, and poetry created in Brooklyn. This landmark exhibition is being presented in conjunction with the opening of the Museum's new front entrance and public plaza. Like the new entrance, the exhibition is intended to be inclusive, welcoming, and visually stimulating.

19. AAR Syllabi Project: Religious Studies 12: Religious Myths And Rituals (Strenski Mud People 27 Jan indigenous peoples, Christopher Columbus and their Religions in the New africa ( Ninian Smart), ch 6. africa and Beyond . Missa luba (audio http://www.aarweb.org/syllabus/syllabi/s/strenski/religious_myths_and_rituals-st

Department of Religious Studies University of California, Riverside Course Syllabus Professor Ivan Strenski Winter 1998 University of California, Riverside Ethnic Studies/Religious Studies 12 Required Texts: Achebe Arrow of God Gill Native American Religions Kellerman The Ritual Bath Strenski Course Reader Office hours: Tu Th 1030-1200 HMNSS 2621, X5986 or Chair's Office, HMNSS, RLST Dept Suite X5111 Course requirements 1. Total of three in-class 15 minute Scantron and short answer quizzes and two 3 page take-home essays = (2/3 course total) 2. Final examination = (1/3 course total)Scantron and short essays 3. Attendance and participation in sections. Failure to attend and participate in section discussions will result in a significant reduction of the final grade. Schedule of Class Meetings: all items are included in class reader or in required books 8 Jan Introduction 13 Jan What Is Religion? And How Should We Study It? (Ninian Smart), "Introduction" 15 Jan Racism and the Burden of (Colonial) History (Orwell), "Shooting an Elephant". ( Horsman), 6. "The Other Americans", 7. "Superior and Inferior Races" 20 Jan Racism Is Everybody's Problem: The Ethical Dimension of Religion Khalid Mohammad, Hitler, Mein Kampf. Robert Girardi, "Nose Job"; Afghan Hospitals; Slavery in Sudan; Henry Louis Gates, "The Charmer". Cornel West, "On Black-Jewish Relations". Malcolm X, Autobiography of Malcolm X

20. Islam In Africa-Zambia HISTORY The indigenous huntergatherer occupants of Zambia began to They came primarily from the luba and Lunda of that century, the various peoples of Zambia http://www.islaminafrica.org/zambia-h.htm

HISTORY The indigenous hunter-gatherer occupants of Zambia began to be displaced or absorbed by more advanced migrating tribes about 2,000 years ago. The major waves of Bantu-speaking immigrants began in the 15th century, with the greatest influx between the late 17th and early 19th centuries. They came primarily from the Luba and Lunda tribes of southern Zaire and northern Angola but were joined in the 19th century by Ngoni peoples from the south. By the latter part of that century, the various peoples of Zambia were largely established in the areas they currently occupy. Except for an occasional Portuguese explorer, the area lay untouched by Europeans for centuries. After the mid-19th century, it was penetrated by Western explorers, missionaries, and traders. David Livingstone, in 1855, was the first European to see the magnificent falls on the Zambezi River. He named the falls after Queen Victoria, and the Zambian town near the falls is named after him. In 1888, Cecil Rhodes, spearheading British commercial and political interests in Central Africa, obtained a mineral rights concession from local chiefs. In the same year, Northern and Southern Rhodesia (now Zambia and Zimbabwe, respectively) were proclaimed a British sphere of influence. Southern Rhodesia was annexed formally and granted self-government in 1923, and the administration of Northern Rhodesia was transferred to the British colonial office in 1924 as a protectorate.

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