121. Tech Tidbit -- October 22, 2001 Teich s Tech Tidbit of the Week October 22, 2001Seeing Stars Dark Skies and light pollution. http://www.alteich.com/tidbits/t102201.htm

Add a Tidbit of the Week channel to your Palm Teich's Tech Tidbit of the Week October 22, 2001 Seeing Stars: Dark Skies and Light Pollution Tidbit Archive Last Week's Tidbit Step outside tonight (or on the next clear, moonless night) and look up at the sky. Chances are, if you live in a metropolitan area in the United States or most other parts of the world, the sky you see will not be very dark. Relatively few stars will be visible through the urban haze and light pollution under which most of us live in the early 21st century. It was not always this way. When I was growing up on the south side of Chicago not that long ago, my bedroom was an enclosed porch. The room may have been a bit cold and drafty in the winter, but I loved the fact that I could lie in bed and watch from my window as the constellations paraded slowly across the sky during the night and throughout the year. On a typical night, thousands of stars were visible in that urban sky, and the interest in astronomy they kindled in me was a major factor in shaping my interest in a career in science and technology. The photo at the top of this page shows the earth at night, as seen from space. It is a composite of hundreds of pictures taken by NASA satellites. (A higher resolution version is available

122. City Of Bisbee Light Pollution Code Top/Society/Issues/Environment/Light_Pollution/Regulation/United_States http://c3po.cochise.cc.az.us/astro/pollution05p.htm

Updated: 01/07/2003 HAC's Weather Page Home Calendar of HAC Events HAC Officers ... Treasurer Reports You are esteemed visitor since May 18, 2000 Contact Us At: email: Huachuca Astronomy Club Mailing Address: 2310 E. Suma Drive Sierra Vista, AZ 85650 President: Doug Snyder Webmaster: Doug Snyder ORDINANCE 0-98-10 AN ORDINANCE OF THE MAYOR AND COUNCIL, CITY OF BISBEE, COCHISE COUNTY, ARIZONA, ADOPTING ARTICLE 7.10. LIGHT POLLUTION CODE WHEREAS the Light Pollution Code is complete and NOW, THEREFORE BE IT ORDAINED by the Mayor and City Council, City of Bisbee, that a Document entitled "Article 7.10. Light Pollution Code" is hereby adopted and attached as Exhibit "A" and replaces the existing Article 7.10. of the Bisbee City Code. BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED that the Light Pollution Code is declared to be a public record and said copy is ordered to remain on file with the City Clerk. BE IT FURTHER ORDAINED that all ordinances, parts of ordinances, resolutions, parts of resolutions, in conflict with the provisions of the Ordinance, or any part hereof, are hereby repealed. That if any section, subsection, sentence, clause, phrase or portion of the Ordinance or any part hereof is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by the decision of any court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion hereof. PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED

123. Light Pollution light pollution of the Night Sky. Objective For a more in depth introductionto light pollution, check out the International Dark Sky Association. http://nfo.edu/pollution.htm

Light Pollution of the Night Sky Objective: The objective of this project is to study and understand the effects of light pollution. Materials: Teams of students to participate and transportation, flashlight, star gazing map, a journal of some sort to record a form to record your data (one is included on this page for your convenience), a flashlight with red cellophane (red light is better for night vision) over the lens. Procedure: Be aware of which star gazing map provided on the page is appropriate for you to use. If you are participating in the project during September, October, November, or December you will be looking for the Great Square . If you are participating in the project in Janruary, February, March, or April, you will be looking for Gemini . If you want to set up a program during the summer, contact Bill Neely (neely@nfo.edu)

124. Light Pollution light pollution. Here in Columbus, the level of light pollution is severe.Indeed, it is very difficult to see star below the 3rd magnitude. http://www.coseti.org/pollutio.htm

Optical SETI Map Conferences Map Illustrations Map Photo Galleries Map ... OSETI Network Search WWW Search www.coseti.org Search www.oseti.net Search www.photonstar.org Search www.fourthplanet.org Search www.stuartkingsley.com Light Pollution Here in Columbus, the level of light pollution is severe. Indeed, it is very difficult to see star below the 3rd magnitude. The dark-adapted naked eye is capable of seeing down to the 6th magnitude in localities far from city lights. In terms of seeing where to point the telescope, light pollution does not substantially affect Optical SETI as long as some form of CCD camera or optically-filtered image intensifier is used. As far as the ability to count photon bursts (beacon pulses), light pollution has little effect. For detection of monochromatic continuous wave beacons, the effect of light pollution is very significant, and the background radiation from the sky and the star itself must be substantially reduced using a narrow-band optical filter or monochromator. This substantially increases the search time since a guess has to be made of the so-called "magic" optical frequencies. Home Glossary SPIE's OSETI I Conference SPIE's OSETI II Conference ... SPIE's OSETI III Conference This Web Site: www.coseti.org

125. Statutes In Title 49 Chapter 7 of this statute covers light pollution. http://www.azleg.state.az.us/ars/49/title49.htm

This form will allow you to search title 49 from the Arizona Revised Statutes for terms that you specify in your keyword search. Enter one or more keywords to search for. For more detailed assistance, click on query hints and tips You may also view individual statutes by clicking on the document you wish to view. CHAPTER 1 - GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 - Department of Environmental Quality - Definitions, - Department of environmental quality; director; deputy director; division directors; divisions - Department employees; legal counsel - Powers and duties of the department and director - Statewide application of rules - Local delegation of state authority - Hazardous materials emergency response operations - Certificate of disclosure of violations; definition; remedies - Compliance order; hearing; judicial review; enforcement - Permit application; plan approval; notice to counties, cities or towns - County regulation; standards - Fees; unpaid amounts; penalties; audits - Appeals of agency decisions - Indirect cost fund; use; exemption

126. Summit Daily News For Breckenridge, Keystone, Copper And Frisco Colorado - News 14, 2004. Officials work to reduce light pollution. said. Doyle isn tthe only Summit County resident concerned about light pollution. In http://www.summitdaily.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?Site=SD&Date=20030212&Category=

127. Agency Begins Light Pollution Monitoring Agency Begins light pollution Monitoring. Dark skies are an endangered species. .Various communities around the country are working to reduce light pollution. http://www.npca.org/magazine/2000_issues/september_october/Pollution.asp

HOME >> Magazine >> 2000 Issues >> September-October ... Vietnam Agency Begins Light Pollution Monitoring NPS initiates a program to address the loss of dark skies WASHINGTON, D.C. The National Park Service (NPS) has inaugurated a monitoring project in five parks to address the effects of light pollution on visitors' experience of night skies. Slated for inclusion in the pilot project are Joshua Tree, Sequoia, Kings Canyon, and Death Valley national parks and Pinnacles National Monument. Park Service employees will use custom-made photography equipment, called a charge coupled detector camera, to measure the brightness of the space that interferes with views of the stars at the five parks. According to Chad Moore, physical scientist at Pinnacles and coordinator of the project, the ultimate goals are to establish a measurable standard for light pollution, provide resource managers at park units with measurement tools, and raise awareness of light pollution in the general populace. "My dream would be that we would have an inventory of all the natural resource National Park Service units' light pollution levels and that each of those parks would enter into a partnership with local communities to reduce light pollution," said Moore. "We're trying to protect those crystal clear nights that are so inspiring to the visitors," he added.

128. HOUSE BILL 300 P.N. 1345 General state law enacted to control light pollution. http://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/LI/BI/BT/2001/0/HB0300P1345.HTM

PRINTER'S NO. 1345 THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF PENNSYLVANIA HOUSE BILL N o. Session of 2001 INTRODUCED BY B. SMITH, SCHRODER, READSHAW, KREBS, STEELMAN, HERSHEY, YOUNGBLOOD, J. EVANS, HARHAI, HORSEY, HUTCHINSON, R. MILLER, S. MILLER, RUBLEY, SANTONI, WALKO, WANSACZ AND WILT, MARCH 26, 2001 REFERRED TO COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES AND ENERGY, MARCH 26, 2001 AN ACT 1 Providing for management of outdoor night lighting and for a 2 penalty. 3 The General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 4 hereby enacts as follows: 5 Section 1. Short title. 6 This act shall be known and may be cited as the Outdoor 7 Lighting Control Act. 8 Section 2. Definitions. 9 The following words and phrases when used in this act shall 10 have the meanings given to them in this section unless the 11 context clearly indicates otherwise: 12 "Direct light." Light emitting generally in a downward

129. Science & Technology: News From Swissinfo light pollution threatens night sky. swissinfo. September 12, 2003 606PM. Zurich by night reveals the extent of light pollution (Philipp Heck). http://www.swissinfo.org/sen/Swissinfo.html?siteSect=511&sid=4148664

130. Light Pollution Peak Prairie. Rocky Mountain Chapter s Online Newsletter June / July 1998.light pollution by Dennis Cochran. Is this a joke? light pollution? http://colorado.sierraclub.org/pandp/1998-06/lightpol.htm

Rocky Mountain Chapter's Online Newsletter June / July 1998 Light Pollution by Dennis Cochran Is this a joke? Light pollution? The city of Los Angeles, famous for air pollution, may be the largest of a growing number of municipalities that are doing something about light pollution, so it must be something. But what? L.A. has recognized three aspects to light pollution: light trespass, unwanted light shining into a window from outside or into your eyes when you're driving at night; loss of the night sky, another part of nature which we moderns can no longer take for granted; and the energy and money wasted by lights. Our forebears didn't have streetlights. They could tell what part of the year it was from the night sky, whether it was time to plant or to harvest. Nowadays we may know a lot of astronomy but very little about the night sky. The connection has been broken. The group that has noticed the sky disappear are the astronomers - including amateur astronomers. It's hard to stargaze if you can't see the stars for the lights. Amateur astronomy clubs each have a favorite dark-sky site for observations, far from the city and suburbs. Professional astronomers have to build their telescopes in remote locations to escape light pollution. These places are getting harder to find. Los Angeles has decided to reclaim its sky by changing its outdoor light fixtures to Full Cutoff Fixtures. These reflect light down towards the ground. None of it shines sideways into the squinting eyes of nighttime motorists or into bedroom windows.

131. Sky And Telescope - The Essential Magazine Of Astronomy An article which explains succinctly what the problem is. http://skyandtelescope.com/resources/darksky/article_83_1.asp

Welcome to SkyandTelescope.com, where you'll find astronomy news, stargazing tips, expert advice on choosing and using telescopes, and much, much more. Your Web browser appears to be set to block cookies. SkyandTelescope.com requires a cookie file, though you may visit the site without supplying any personal information, rendering the cookie anonymous. If you believe you reached this page in error, try clicking one of the links below to access our site. Our interactive sky chart and astronomical almanac require that you specify a city and country, but no name, address, or other personal information. You may delete the cookie after your visit, but you will then have to reenter your location information next time. To learn how to configure your system to accept cookies while visiting Web sites and/or to delete them afterward, see your browser's help page. Some browsers will allow you to accept SkyandTelescope.com's cookie without having to accept cookies from other sites. If you have any questions, please send e-mail to custserv@SkyandTelescope.com

132. IDAS Tokai Light Pollution Suppression Filter Tests Test of IDAS (Previously known as Tokai) light pollution Suppression Filter. LocationMy Driveway (Huntertown, IN), Moderate light pollution. Date Nov 13, 1999. http://www.af9y.com/tokai.htm

Test of IDAS (Previously known as Tokai) Light Pollution Suppression Filter The new IDAS Light Pollution Suppression filter appears to be a breakthrough for astrophotography. Additional OEM information is available here . The following tests were made using the 48mm LPS filter and AP 130mm F/6 on Kodak E200 film: Raw Scans from the SprintScan35+ scanner: Normal PhotoShop processing of the raw scans: Close-up view of the center area: Test Notes Telescope: AP-130 F/6 and AP Field Flattener. AP 600 GoTo Mount with ST-4 Kodak E200 Slide: 36 mins for No Filter, 50 mins for IDAS Filter Location: My Driveway (Huntertown, IN), Moderate Light Pollution Date: Nov 13, 1999 Notes Unlike previous light pollution suppression filters, the IDAS maintains a much better color balance by notching only around the individual spectral lines of the typical mercury and sodium vapor lights. Other filters like the Lumicon Deep Sky have an overpowering magenta cast; the IDAS does not. An equivalent level of processing was done on each image to reach a common point of graininess as shown in the close-up images. This should provide a good comparison of the maximum quality possible with and without the filter.

133. Welcome To The Vancouver Courier Online Edition - Top Stories Explains how light pollution is being combatted in Vancouver by local people and the new darksky preserve. http://www.vancourier.com/03401/top1.htm

Online Edition Updated March 19, 2001 Home Page Top Stories Opinion Letters ... Horoscopes s Classifieds A member of the VANNET Newspaper Group Blinded by the light By Alison Appelbe Contributing writer "Look around your city or town. See how many street lamps allow plenty of light to shine upwards. Count how many stars you can see. If you are old enough to remember how the sky looked 30 years ago, could you see the Milky Way then? Can you now?" —Dr. Malcolm Smith, director of the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory in Chile, in a speech to the International Astronomical Union. When Angela Squires was growing up in post-war suburban London, she could step into the garden of her family’s Essex bungalow at night and look up at literally thousands of stars. "It was difficult being a teenager, and the stars became a spiritual and emotional connection for me," she recalls. "The stars had constancy. We couldn’t mess them up. We couldn’t touch them." With a well-thumbed copy of former Royal Astronomer Patrick’s Moore’s small hardcover book, The Observer’s Book of Astronomy: The Sky at Night in hand, Squires went on to become a highly knowledgeable amateur astronomer. Today she handles public relations for the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada’s 300-member Vancouver Centre chapter. She’s also one of a handful of British Columbians taking an active role in the burgeoning international effort by mainly amateur astronomers to raise public awareness of light pollution.

134. TIME.com - End Of The Universe light pollution in an eternal context. http://www.time.com/time/covers/1101010625/story.html

Special Features Olympics 2002 An Ex-Felon's Story New iMac Person of the Year Year in Photos Top 25 CEOs George Harrison Segway Harry Potter Xmas Shopping Best Inventions Thanksgiving America on Alert The Homefront One Nation Day of Infamy America's Best Person of the Week Week in Pictures Person of the Year Home Schooling Women's Tennis L.A. Gangs The Kennedys Spoiled Kids Sharks Racial Profiling Canine Candy Stripers Stem Cells G-8 Summit Dawn of Man War Over the West Summer Movies Internet Insecurity The New Frontier End of the Universe A Hero's Ascent Bush and Europe Global Business Pearl Harbor Innovators GOP Defection Timothy McVeigh Schools of the Year TIME Interactive Refugee Children Alzheimer's Study Power of Yoga Ghosts of Vietnam Jerusalem Views of Japan Sex in Asia Generation Europe Forecast 2001 Europe's Top Tech Views of Japan Ruins of Grozny Afghan Famine Aids in Africa Global Warming Phobias SATs The White House Stephen King Survivor Clinton's Last Days TIME 100 How the Universe Will End BY MICHAEL D. LEMONICK ROGER RESSMEYER/CORBIS The W. M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii Yet for all the magnificence of the visible stars, astronomers know they are only the first shimmering veil in a cosmos vast beyond imagination. Armed with ever more powerful telescopes, these explorers of time and space have learned that the Milky Way is a huge, whirling pinwheel made of 100 billion or more stars; that tens of billions of other galaxies lie beyond its edges; and, most astonishing of all, that these galaxies are rushing headlong away from one another in the aftermath of an explosive cataclysm known as the Big Bang.

135. FOX Carolina The Ten O'Clock News Light Pollution Monday, May 12, 2003 light pollution, Some Upstate communities are dealingwith light pollution. It s caused by growth. New businesses http://www.fox21.com/Global/story.asp?S=1275648&nav=2KPpFmjk

136. Light Pollution Programme International forum. http://www.eplioan.gr/LP/forum.htm

137. Science NetLinks: Too Bright At Night? Purpose To understand what causes light pollution and how it can be curtailed.Context (Answers will vary.); How would reducing light pollution save money? http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/lessons.cfm?DocID=242

138. House Of Commons - Science And Technology - Seventh Report The extent and nature of light pollution. What is light pollution? Sky glow Glare.Light Trespass. Who and what does light pollution affect? Astronomers http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm200203/cmselect/cmsctech/

Search Advanced Search Home Glossary Index ... Parliament Live section... Parliamentary Publications and Archives Site Map Bills Hansard Directories Frequently Asked Questions Judicial Work House of Commons Session 2002-03 Publications on the internet Science and Technology Committee Publications Science and Technology - Seventh Report Here you can browse the report together with the Proceedings of the Committee. The published report was ordered by the House of Commons to be printed 15 September 2003. CONTENTS Terms of Reference REPORT SUMMARY INTRODUCTION ... REPORTS FROM THE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COMMITTEE SINCE 2001 MINUTES OF EVIDENCE - VOLUME II (HC 747-II) Monday 9 June 2003 Monday 14 July 2003 WRITTEN EVIDENCE - VOLUME II (HC 747-II) Prepared 6 October 2003

139. Nelpag Info Page Mailing list for New England. Includes archives. http://harvee.billerica.ma.us/mailman/listinfo/nelpag

Nelpag New England Light Pollution Advisory Group About Nelpag English (USA) mailing list for folks dealing with light pollution issues in New England. To see the collection of prior postings to the list, visit the Nelpag Archives Using Nelpag To post a message to all the list members, send email to nelpag@harvee.org You can subscribe to the list, or change your existing subscription, in the sections below. Subscribing to Nelpag Subscribe to Nelpag by filling out the following form. You will be sent email requesting confirmation, to prevent others from gratuitously subscribing you. This is a private list, which means that the list of members is not available to non-members. Your email address: Your name (optional): You may enter a privacy password below. This provides only mild security, but should prevent others from messing with your subscription. Do not use a valuable password as it will occasionally be emailed back to you in cleartext. If you choose not to enter a password, one will be automatically generated for you, and it will be sent to you once you've confirmed your subscription. You can always request a mail-back of your password when you edit your personal options. Once a month, your password will be emailed to you as a reminder.

140. Ethyl IMAX DOME & Planetarium -- Science Museum Of Virginia light pollution. This nighttime satellite This causes a glow in the nightsky that astronomers call light pollution. light pollution has http://www.smv.org/ethyl/lightpollution.html

Light Pollution This nighttime satellite image of mid-North America dramatically shows the extent of wasted light given off by our civilization. I n recent years, the growth of our civilization, especially in industrialized countries, has also brought dramatic growth in outdoor artificial electric lighting. Streetlights, lighted billboards, lighted athletic fields, floodlit buildings, and security lights all contribute to the glow of our urban and suburban areas. Unfortunately much of this light does not reach the intended targets. Due to poorly designed and poorly installed lighting fixtures much of the light is wasted by shining up into the sky, instead of down to the ground where it is needed. For the United States alone, this wasted light represents a total of over a billion dollars of wasted energy , each year. Since much of this energy comes from fossil fuels, it also represents needless air pollution and a waste of non-renewable natural resources. In addition to being a waste of money, this wasted light shines up into the night sky where it is scattered by dust and moisture in the air. This causes a glow in the night sky that astronomers call

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