41. Countries Of The World Countries around the world. Latvia. Lebanon. Lesotho. Liberia. libya. Liechtenstein. Lithuania. Luxembourg. Macau Flags of Countries. Current Weather. history of Countries. Online Discussion http://www.emulateme.com/history/libyhist.htm

CountryReports.org 2004 Edition Countries profiled from around the world. Here you will find over 6,600 pages and 6,400 related links on over 260 countries! Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Arctic Ocean Aruba Atlantic Ocean Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Baker Island Bangladesh Barbados Bassas da India Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Botswana Bouvet Island Brazil British Indian Ocean Territory British Virgin Islands Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burma Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Christmas Island Clipperton Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Colombia Comoros Congo Congo, Democratic Rep. Cook Islands Coral Sea Islands Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europa Island Falkland Islands Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Gambia Gaza Strip Georgia Germany Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guernsey Guinea Guinea-Bissau

42. Chad History | Lonely Planet World Guide Chad history. 2500 years ago the south. Northerners also lost the Aouzou Strip on the northern border to libya during WWII. When http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/chad/history.htm

home search help worldguide ... Related Weblinks Chad History 2500 years ago Lac Chad was about as big as present-day Greece and Yugoslavia combined. The climate was much wetter and wild animals were abundant. In the debilitating 1984 drought, it was possible to walk across the lake, and today, in the far north of the country, in the expanse of desert that was once lake and shore, archaeologists have uncovered a rich range of fossils and rock engravings made by hunters. These hunters began raising cattle in settlements which later became walled cities. These Sao people developed the 'lost wax' method of bronze sculpture and were experts at pottery. Before the 9th century, people moved to the region from the Nile Valley, intermarrying with the Sao and eventually overwhelming them. The state of Kanem was founded in the region and lasted 1000 years. Over the next 300 years, increased trade in salt, slaves, copper and gold brought traders from the Mediterranean and the lower Nile. By 1200, Islam was the dominant religion. The kingdom expanded on the backs of slaves, becoming known as Kanem-Bornu, and held the mantle of 'empire' by the 17th century. In 1812 the empire collapsed when the Fulani people raided the capital. At the same time, two other slave-trading Arab kingdoms had sprung up, controlling the trade routes and raiding the southern people for slaves. The Black Africans in the south were the focus of slave raids until the early 20th century, selling for the price of a horse; even poor Arab fishermen by Lac Chad owned a couple of slaves. About one in every five slaves captured died of cold, hunger, famine or disease en route to the Muslim trading areas. When the dregs of the French colonial system arrived in Chad at the end of the 19th century, abolishing the slave trade, they became, not surprisingly, heroes of the beleagured southern population.

43. Libya (History) Was Occupied By British And French Troops. Cyrenaica And Tripoli libya (history) - Following an UN resolution, the country attained independence, as the United Kingdom of libya. arab search engines. libya - history. http://www.arab.de/arabinfo/libyahis.htm

Home page Arab Info Libya Info Libya Government ... Links to Libya Libya - History Formerly an Italian Colony, Libya was occupied in 1942 by British and French troops. Cyrenaica and Tripolitania were governed by the United Kingdom, while Fezzan was administered by France. Following an UN resolution in 1949, the country attained independence, as the United Kingdom of Libya on 24 December 1951. Muhammad Idris as-Sanusi, Amir of Cyrenaica, became King Idris of Libya. The country enjoyed Internal political stability and generally had good relations with both the Arab world and the West. The King was deposed in the bloodless revolution of September 1969. The perpetrators of the coup, a group of young nationalist army officers, established a Revolution Command Council (RCC), with Col Muammar al-Qaddafi as Chairman, and proclaimed the Libyan Arab Republic. Libya also strongly condemned the proposals for Middle East peace that were agreed by other Arab states in Fez, Morocco, in September 1982. None the less, in the 1990s Egypt and Libya sustained a close relationship, with Egypt acting an intermediary between Libya and Western nations, and Libya providing economic opportunity for Egyptians. In October 1986 Libya transferred its support from the rebels in Chad led by Goukouni to those belonging to another opposition faction. During the next year intense fighting took place for control of north-western Chad. In August 1987 President Habre´s forces advanced into the "Aozou strip" and occupied the town of Aozou.

44. Libya Oil & Gas Libyan Oil And Gas, Background, Noc And See Your Ad Here Pages libya Online This site focuses on libya s history, arts and culture ( Hits 567 Rating 1.00 Votes 1) Cool? Rate It Hot? http://www.arab.de/arab/Arab_Countries/Libya/more2.html

www.arab.de Jun 2004 Libya related web sites Add your Site Modify URL What's New? What's Cool? ... Home Page Sponsored Link Arab! Business-Link - Take advantage of global trade. Find new and right prospects quickly... Get your company listed on ARAB! See Your Ad Here... Pages: Libyan oil and gas, Background, noc and affiliated companies, exploration activity, refining and processing, local marketing and distribution, elbouri offshore oil field, oil sector directory, gallery ( Hits: 553 Rating: 10.00 Votes: 1) Cool? Rate It Hot? Recommend It Bad? Report It Libya Online This site focuses on Libya's history, arts and culture ( Hits: 575 Rating: 1.00 Votes: 1) Cool? Rate It Hot? Recommend It Bad? Report It Libya our home page provides info and links about Libya ( Hits: 380 Rating: 10.00 Votes: 1) Cool? Rate It Hot? Recommend It Bad? Report It Libya Page focuses on Libya's rich history and natural beauty, using many illustrations ( Hits: 305 Rating: Votes: 0) Cool? Rate It Hot? Recommend It Bad? Report It Libya Web Libyan music, news and arabic links ( Hits: 267 Rating: 10.00 Votes: 1)

45. Scotsman.com News - Latest News - Libya's History Of State-Sponsored Terror libya has been largely isolated in the international community since the 1980s after being accused of statesponsored terrorism, including the Lockerbie bombing. The former Italian colony gained http://article.wn.com/link/WNAT00EA7F5AA47F1D08DCD08773EA27E992?source=templateg

46. Encyclopedia: Libya/History Encyclopedia libya/history. The invisible unwritten history of libya includes the history of its rich mix of peoples added to the indigenous Berber tribes. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Libya/History

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #18 Sick of crowds? Try Greenland where there's 38 sq km per person Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: Apr 04, 2003 Encyclopedia : Libya/History Sponsored links: The visible history of Libya is a flux of stronger and weaker control by outsiders. The invisible unwritten history of Libya includes the history of its rich mix of peoples added to the indigenous Berber tribes. For most of their history, the peoples of Libya have been subjected to varying degrees of foreign control. The modern history of independent Libya begins in 1951.

47. Libya-History libyaEntertainment. libya-Government. libya-Health. libya-history. libya-Land People. libya-News. libya-Sports. libya Last Jews of libya - history of the Jewish community, online museum http://www.arabinfoseek.com/libya-history.htm

Search General Info Art Culture Arab Diaspora ... Yemen Libya-History Home Up Libya Books Libya-Cities ... Libya-Health Libya-History Libya-News Libya-Sports Libya Travel Lepcis Magna - UNESCO World Heritage Site The Libyan Capital: Tripoli - photos and historical overview. Last Jews of Libya - history of the Jewish community, online museum featuring day-to-day life, newsletter, and interviews of Libyan Jews. Libya Page History and general info. from Univ Penn Libya Home Page Focuses on Libya's rich history and natural beauty, using many illustrations. Libya Online Home Page Welcome to Libya Online Home Page. This site focuses on Libya's rich history and natural beauty. Culture and History of Libya / Libyan Academic Resources Information and links regarding the culture, history and sources of academic and research information on Libya. Libyan History Encyclopaedia of the Orient History Of Libya Maps, introduction, and timeline from Libyana. Archaeology: The Society of Libyan Studies The Italian Occupation and the Libyan Resistance A Libyan Hero: Omar al-Mukhtar [1862-1931] - Part I A Libyan Hero: Omar al-Mukhtar [1862-1931] - Part II ... Souq-attruk , Jami Ahmad Basha and Tripoli Fortress

48. Encyclopedia: History Of Libya Encyclopedia history of libya. The invisible unwritten history of libya includes the history of its rich mix of peoples added to the indigenous Berber tribes. http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/History-of-Libya

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Factoid #28 Most Zambians don't live to see their 40th birthday Interesting Facts Make your own graph: Hold down Control and click on several. Compare All Top 5 Top 10 Top 20 Top 100 Bottom 100 Bottom 20 Bottom 10 Bottom 5 All (desc) in category: Select Category Agriculture Crime Currency Democracy Economy Education Energy Environment Food Geography Government Health Identification Immigration Internet Labor Language Manufacturing Media Military Mortality People Religion Sports Taxation Transportation Welfare with statistic: view: Correlations Printable graph / table Pie chart Scatterplot with ... * Asterisk means graphable. Added May 21 Mortality stats Multi-users ½ price Catholic stats Related Articles People who viewed "History of Libya" also viewed: Libya History of Tunisia Grand Duchess Anastasia of Russia Burundi Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Populous Most Militaristic ... More Stats Categories Agriculture Background Crime Currency ... Welfare Updated: May 19, 2004 Encyclopedia : History of Libya Sponsored links: The visible history of Libya is a flux of stronger and weaker control by outsiders. The

49. TDS; Passports, Visas, Travel Documents history For most of their history, the peoples of libya have been subjected to varying degrees of foreign control. The Phoenicians http://www.traveldocs.com/ly/history.htm

Libya Africa HISTORY For most of their history, the peoples of Libya have been subjected to varying degrees of foreign control. The Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Vandals, and Byzantines ruled all or parts of Libya. Although the Greeks and Romans left impressive ruins at Cyrene, Leptis Magna, and Sabratha, little else remains today to testify to the presence of these ancient cultures. The Arabs conquered Libya in the seventh century A.D. In the following centuries, most of the indigenous peoples adopted Islam and the Arabic language and culture. The Ottoman Turks conquered the country in the mid-16th century. Libya remained part of their empirealthough at times virtually autonomousuntil Italy invaded in 1911 and, in the face of years of resistance, made Libya a colony. In 1934, Italy adopted the name "Libya" (used by the Greeks for all of North Africa, except Egypt) as the official name of the colony, which consisted of the Provinces of Cyrenaica, Tripolitania, and Fezzan. King Idris I, Emir of Cyrenaica, led Libyan resistance to Italian occupation between the two World Wars. From 1943 to 1951, Tripolitania and Cyrenaica were under British administration, while the French controlled Fezzan. In 1944, Idris returned from exile in Cairo but declined to resume permanent residence in Cyrenaica until the removal in 1947 of some aspects of foreign control. Under the terms of the 1947 peace treaty with the Allies, Italy relinquished all claims to Libya.

50. Libya - History The most significant milestones in libya s history were the introduction of Islam and the Arabization of the country in the Middle Ages, and, within the last http://countrystudies.us/libya/3.htm

History Libya Table of Contents UNTIL LIBYA ACHIEVED independence in 1951, its history was essentially that of tribes, regions, and cities, and of the empires of which it was a part. Derived from the name by which a single Berber tribe was known to the ancient Egyptians, the name Libya was subsequently applied by the Greeks to most of North Africa and the term Libyan to all of its Berber inhabitants. Although ancient in origin, these names were not used to designate the specific territory of modern Libya and its people until the twentieth century, nor indeed was the whole area formed into a coherent political unit until then. Hence, despite the long and distinct histories of its regions, modern Libya must be viewed as a new country still developing national consciousness and institutions. Geography was the principal determinant in the separate historical development of Libya's three traditional regions Tripolitania, Cyrenaica, and Fezzan. Cut off from each other by formidable deserts, each retained its separate identity into the 1960s. At the heart of Tripolitania was its metropolis, Tripoli, for centuries a terminal for caravans plying the Saharan trade routes and a port sheltering pirates and slave traders. Tripolitania's cultural ties were with the Maghrib, of which it was a part geographically and culturally and with which it shared a common history. Tripolitanians developed their political consciousness in reaction to foreign domination, and it was from Tripolitania that the strongest impulses came for the unification of modern Libya.

51. Libya/History - Encyclopedia Article About Libya/History. Free Access, No Regist encyclopedia article about libya/history. libya/history in Free online English dictionary, thesaurus and encyclopedia. libya/history. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Libya/History

Dictionaries: General Computing Medical Legal Encyclopedia Libya/History Word: Word Starts with Ends with Definition The visible history of Libya is a flux of stronger and weaker control by outsiders. The invisible unwritten history of Libya includes the history of its rich mix of peoples added to the indigenous Berber The Berber (also called Amazigh, "free men", pl. Imazighen) are a predominantly Muslim ethnic group living in northern Africa, speaking an Afroasiatic language called Berber or Tamazight. They most probably descend from the Capsian culture, which entered North Africa, probably from the African coast of the Red Sea (according to the historian Christopher Ehret) about 8000 BC. They also descend, in part, from the native North Africans who inhabited the region prior to their arrival. Click the link for more information. tribes. For most of their history, the peoples of Libya have been subjected to varying degrees of foreign control. The modern history of independent Libya begins in 1951. Ancient Libya (Tripolitania and Cyrenaica) to 647 CE Since Neolithic times, the climate of North Africa has been drying. A reminder of the

52. The Country And People Of Libya The Last Jews of libya By and for the entire community of Jews of libya libyan Amazigh libya s Amazigh culture, language and history. http://www.hejleh.com/countries/libya.html

Special Arab Files This page contains links to sites in Libya and Libya related sites. For Middle East, North Africa, Arab and regional information visit Arab Countries Libya, History Used by permission of Columbia University Press. About.... General information, cities, towns, municipalities, places, flag, maps, useful Information.... Business Economy, reports, statistics, banks, directories, jobs, investment, promotion.... Culture Education Schools, colleges, academies, universities, polytechnics, institutions, research, resources, projects.... History Media Newspapers, magazines, news, newsletters, news agencies, radio, TV, internet, articles, reports, cartoons.... Organizations Government, ministries, overseas missions, embassies, corporations, organizations, industrial entities, centers, public hospitals, institutions, societies, foreign entities.... Travel Gateways Gateways, search engines and directories to country related sites and information.... Arab Countries Arab World: Middle East, North Africa, Arab and regional information. Resources to other Arab countries....

53. Libya Travel Guide - World66 libya. Sections. libya; Map; history; Getting There; Economy; Health; People; Books; Add Section. Maps. Map View Enlargement. libya. edit this http://www.world66.com/world/africa/libya

the travel guide you write Recent Changes login register Home ... Libya Sections Libya Map History Getting There ... [Add Section] Maps View Enlargement Libya [edit this] [Change image] [Upload image] Libya does not sound like an every day tourist destination, and it's not. That doesn't mean that that you shouldn't go. Quite on the contrary. Libya has marvellous monuments dating back to Roman and Greek times, good souqs and lots of great desert for you to explore. The capital Triploi is well worth a visit as well. The people are very friendly and curious. You might want to avoid discussing sensitive political topics. One warning however, it is not always easy to get visa for Libya. See Libya/Visa . Top Destinations in Libya Tripoli Sebha Ghadhames Al Qatrun ... Show all destinations in Libya. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License. For more information read our World66 is created and maintained by Oberon Medialab B.V. Amsterdam

54. Libya: Our Home There s wonderful world history that s been Tom Stanley, president of Newport Beach, Californiabased Travcoa, which is offering its first trip to libya May 7 http://home.earthlink.net/~dribrahim/newse.htm

Welcome to " Libya: Our Home www.Libya1.com If you are not automatically re-directed, please click on the following link: www.Libya1.com Thanks. Ibrahim Ighneiwa

55. History Of Libya libya. history For most of their history, the peoples of libya have been subjected to varying degrees of foreign control. The Phoenicians http://www.worldrover.com/history/libya_history.html

Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Libya HISTORY For most of their history, the peoples of Libya have been subjected to varying degrees of foreign control. The Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Vandals, and Byzantines ruled all or parts of Libya. Although the Greeks and Romans left impressive ruins at Cyrene, Leptis Magna, and Sabratha, little else remains today to testify to the presence of these ancient cultures. The Arabs conquered Libya in the seventh century A.D. In the following centuries, most of the indigenous peoples adopted Islam and the Arabic language and culture. The Ottoman Turks conquered the country in the 16th century. Libya remained part of their empirealthough at times virtually autonomousuntil Italy invaded in 1911 and, after years of resistance, made Libya a colony. In 1934, Italy adopted the name "Libya" (used by the Greeks for all of North Africa, except Egypt) as the official name of the colony, which consisted of the Provinces of Cyrenaica, Tripolitania, and Fezzan. King Idris I, Emir of Cyrenaica, led Libyan resistance to Italian occupation between the two World Wars. From 1943 to 1951, Tripolitania and Cyrenaica were under British administration; the French controlled Fezzan. In 1944, Idris returned from exile in Cairo but declined to resume permanent residence in Cyrenaica until the removal in 1947 of some aspects of foreign control. Under the terms of the 1947 peace treaty with the Allies, Italy relinquished all claims to Libya.

56. Libya Maps, Pictures, History And More libya. Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassy info, flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email us if http://www.worldrover.com/country/libya_main.html

Travel Books Used Books Bestsellers Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Search The Web! Free Travel Cheap Tickets Auction ... Make Money Libya Click on a link below to find travel guides, embassy info, flags, maps, brief history, facts, and more. Please email us if you have any questions or suggestions. Search the Net for: Travel Guides source: CIA World Factbook 1999 Vital Statistics Brief History Travel Guides Search Net: Term Paper Search Net: Travel Free Clip Art w/ Flags! Slash your student loans 53%!! Thanks Uncle Sam!! home ... embassies

57. Central Bank Of LIBYA The monetary authority in the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya. Includes some recent laws, a brief history, and more content in Arabic. http://www.cbl-ly.com/

CBL.Gov.ly Exchange Rates Banking News Contact us

58. Libyana-History libyan history in Maps Source libyan National Atlas, 1978.. libyan history history of Postal Services and Stamps of libya. Chronology of http://www.libyana.org/history/main.htm

Libyan History in Maps [Source: Libyan National Atlas, 1978.] Libyan History in Poetry [A multimedia presentation about Al-Agaila Concentration Camp] An Introduction to Libyan History [Source: Libya- A Country Study , US Library of Congress.] History of Postal Services and Stamps of Libya Chronology of Libyan History [Source: the Pages of Miftah Shamali The oldest accounts of Libya, is connected to Pheonician colonies established in first half of the last millennium BC. 6th century BC: Phoenician ports of Libya conquered by Carthage. 5th century BC: Rise of the Garamantian Empire in today's Fezzan. 107 BC: North-western Libya conquered by Rome, and comes under administration of Africa Proconsularis, which has its administrative centre around Carthage. The region becomes later a province of its own, under the name Tripolitania. 74 BC: Cyrenaica conquered by Rome. Further Roman advances south is halted by the Garamantians. The region is later named Libya, where today's north-eastern Libya is called Libya Superior, while today's north-western Egypt is called Libya Inferior. 455 AD: Vandals take possession of Libya.

59. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Libya : History : Through The Nineteenth Century, Libya AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete information on libya history Through the Nineteenth Century, libyan Political Geography. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/L/Libya-history.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 10, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Libyan Political Geography ... Libya By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z L Libya, Libyan Political Geography Related Category: Libyan Political Geography Libya E u Pronunciation Key History- Through the Nineteenth Century Throughout most of its history the territory that constitutes modern Libya has been held by foreign powers. Tripolitania and Cyrenaica had divergent histories for most of the period up to their conquest by the Ottoman Empire in the mid-16th cent. Fazzan was captured by the Ottomans only in 1842. The Ottomans gained control of most of N Africa in the 16th cent., dividing it into three regencies : Algeria, Tunisia, and Tripoli (which also included Cyrenaica). The Janissaries, professional soldiers of slave origins, became a military caste, wielding considerable influence over the Ottoman governor. From the early 1600s the Janissaries chose a leader, called the dey, who at times had as much power as the Ottoman governor sent from Constantinople. Numerous pirates who preyed on the shipping of Christian nations in the Mediterranean were based at Tripoli's ports. In 1711 Ahmad Karamanli, a Janissary, became dey, killed the Ottoman governor, and prevailed upon the Ottomans to name him governor. The post of governor remained hereditary in the Karamanli family until 1835. In the 18th cent. and during the Napoleonic Wars, the dey took in great revenues from the pirates and also extended the central government's control to much of the interior.

60. ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations And Peoples: Particular Regions: North Africa, Malta Keywords, jews; libya; history; photographs; interviews; religion, DETAILS. Contents, Clarity, Index, Links. Keywords, journal; libya; history; archaeology, DETAILS. http://ssgdoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/vlib/ssgfi/subject/almisbah_ssg0302030704_

ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations and Peoples: Particular Regions: North Africa, Malta and Cyprus: Libya: Cultural History (WWW) 1. Imazighen in Libya Source Type Topical Websites URL http://www.libyamazigh.org/ Keywords Libya; tamazight language; Tamazight DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 2. The Last Jews of Libya Source Type Topical Websites URL http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/JewsofLibya/ Keywords jews; Libya; history; photographs; interviews; religion DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links Source Type Lists of Electronic Articles / Books URL http://www.libyanet.com/ Keywords Libya; art; literature; music; links; articles; news; photography; painting; arabic literature; poetry; poets; painters; photographers; poems; photographs DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 4. Libyan Studies Source Type Journals with Table of Contents only URL http://britac3.britac.ac.uk/institutes/libya/libstud.html Keywords journal; Libya; history; archaeology DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links SSG-FI Home ALMISBAH Source Type Subject This document created using allegro-C V20

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