101. International Auxiliary Languages Site with various books and articles on international auxiliary languages, plus links to related sites. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/5037/

International Auxiliary Languages "That international auxiliary language is best which in every point offers the greatest facility to the greatest number" - Otto Jespersen, 1908 International Auxiliary Languages (IALs) are languages constructed with the aim of facilitating communication between people who would otherwise have no other language in common. They are usually designed to be significantly simpler, and thus more easily learnt, than national or "natural" languages. As well as the general information available from this page, I also provide information on the IALs Ido , the language of the Delegation, and Novial by Otto Jespersen. Links to information on other IALs will be found further down this page. Please address any comments on these pages to me at idojc@hotmail.com The following materials are now available at this site: Histoire de la Langue Universelle par L. Couturat et L. Leau, 1903 [under construction] International Language and Science by L. Couturat, O. Jespersen, R. Lorenz, W. Ostwald and L. Pfaundler, 1910 Interlinguistics by Otto Jespersen, 1931

102. Journal Of Visual Languages And Computing Bimonthly journal on promoting visual languages, and on their implications for computing. http://www.elsevier.com/locate/issn/1045-926X

Home Site map picswapper("picswap", [/authored_framework/ + "images/topbar_1.jpg", /authored_framework/ + "images/topbar_2.jpg", /authored_framework/ + "images/topbar_3.jpg", /authored_framework/ + "images/topbar_4.jpg", /authored_framework/ + "images/topbar_5.jpg", /authored_framework/ + "images/topbar_6.jpg"], 5000) Advanced Product Search Products Journal of Visual Languages and Computing Journal information Product description Editorial board Guide for authors Online submission ... Special issues and supplements Subscription information Bibliographic and ordering information Conditions of sale Dispatch dates Journal related information Contact the publisher Most downloaded articles Other journals in same subject area About Elsevier ... Select your view Editors: S. Chang, S. Levialdi See editorial board for all editors information For Tables of Contents, Abstracts and Full Text Articles, access ElsevierComputerScience Top 25 of most downloaded articles Description The Journal of Visual Languages and Computing is a forum for researchers, practitioners, and developers to exchange ideas and results for the advancement of visual languages and its implication to the art of computing. The journal publishes research papers, state-of-the-art surveys, and review articles in all aspects of visual languages. Research Areas Include: ISSN: 1045-926X Imprint: ACADEMIC PRESS Subscription for the year 2004, Volume 15, 6 issues:

103. NetLearn Languages - The Online Language School For Live Internet English, Spani Online language school. Study English and other languages live with a teacher over the Internet. http://www.nll.co.uk/

Sign up for our newsletter! Enter your e-mail address: Welcome to NetLearn Languages - the home of live, online language learning! Let us help you improve your language skills! With us you can study English French, Spanish Italian Dutch, German, Russian Croatian and other languages live via the Internet with qualified and experienced native-speaker teachers. If you need to make quick progress and would like the benefit of private lessons (either one-to-one or in small groups of your choice), the Private Lessons area is for you. If you would like to study in a group with other learners from around the world, take a look at our Group Lessons area (English classes only). If you need to make a maximum amount of progress in a minimum amount of time, you will be interested in our Cer@net Package which combines 30 hours of online study with a one-week intensive residential course with our partners CERAN Lingua And if you are a language teacher looking to develop your skills and knowledge, or looking for resources on the Internet, visit our

104. Brief History Of Character Codes In North America, Europe, And East Asia A concise history of the development of character encoding in Western and East Asian languages, including ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode and TRON. http://tronweb.super-nova.co.jp/characcodehist.html

A Brief History of Character Codes in North America, Europe, and East Asia Steven J. Searle Web Master, TRON Web Introduction to Character Codes Character Codes: the Basis for Processing Textual Data What makes personal computers useful to the majority of people is not that they can process numerical datayes, a lot of people still prepare their tax statements with a handheld calculator, not a personal computer!but that they can process textual data. Almost anyone would agree that the overwhelming majority of personal computer users employ word processors more frequently than other type of application. In fact, it would probably be difficult to find a personal computer that didn't have a word processor installed in it. On the other hand, there are many people who are unaware of the fact that to a computer textual data are also numerical data. In modern computer systems, the individual characters of the scripts that humans use to record and transmit their languages are encoded in the form of binary numerical codes, just as are the Arabic numerals used in calculation programs (Fig. 1). This is because the circuitry of the microprocessor that lies at the heart of a modern computer system can only do two thingscalculate binary arithmetic operations and perform Boolean (i.e., true or false) logic operations. Accordingly, when a personal computer records the letter 'A' onto a floppy disk, for instance, it does not create an image of the letter 'A' with tiny magnetic dots, rather it records a binary number (made up of zeroes and ones) that represents the letter 'A' in a character code table. Ah, but doesn't the computer display 'A' on the screen when you type 'A'? Correct. However, when you strike the key for the letter 'A' on the keyboard, the first thing that is generated is the character code for 'A'. The computer uses that as the basis for pulling the character shape of 'A' from a font file listing with the same binary number and displaying it on the computer's screen. The same thing happens when one uses a computer to print out text; the only difference is that the output is on paper rather than a computer screen.

105. ThinkQuest : Library : Deaf Culture And Sign Languages Of The Global Village Explores the extremely tightlyknit deaf communities that exist to preserve friendships and facilitate interaction. Also examines how sign language can allow people from different regions of the world to communicate. http://library.thinkquest.org/11942/

Index Sign Language Deaf Culture and Sign Languages of the Global Village Deaf communities are extremely tightly-knit worlds that exist to preserve friendships and facilitate interaction. Sign language can be very efficient and even people who come from different regions of the world are able to communicate using signs. Information on sign languages all over the world, and links to many informative sites, provide a window into deaf culture. Visit Site 1997 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Languages English Students Jeremy Pembroke Hill School, Kansas City, MO, United States Berna Bjorkasen Skole, 5050 Nesttun, Norway Coaches Diana Erin Wellesley College (student), Wellesley, MA, United States Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site. Privacy Policy

106. NCELA: National Clearinghouse For English Language Acquisition Funded by the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Bilingual Education and Minority languages Affairs (OBEMLA) to collect, analyze, and disseminate information relating to the effective education of linguistically and culturally diverse learners in the U.S. http://www.ncela.gwu.edu/

OELA NCELA's Mission User's Guide to Resource Collection Contact Us ... What Works SITE SEARCH Advanced Search Welcome U.S. Department of Education's OELA ) under Title III of the No Child Left Behind ( NCLB ) Act of 2001. About Us About this Website Introduction to Language Instruction Educational Programs INITIATIVES Foreign Teacher Recruitment Parent Involvement U.S. Department of Education's "Declaration of Rights" for Parents of English Language Learners Declaration of Rights Website go to FULL LIST Registration for Summit 2004 is now open!

107. Mesoamerican Languages Documentation Project Lexicon, phonology, and morphosyntax of selected MijeSokean languages Oluta and San Miguel Chimalapa Soke. Translations into Spanish and English. http://www.albany.edu/anthro/maldp/

Project for the Documentation of the Languages of Mesoamerica (PDLMA) Terrence Kaufman John Justeson and Roberto Zavala Maldonado , directors This site presents the aims, history, and results of research by the Project for the Documentation of the Languages of Mesoamerica, internally known as the "Snake Jaguar Project". The pages that describe the aims and history of the Project, and instructions for access to and use of posted materials, are updated at moderately frequent intervals. The online databases and the NO FRAMES version that we are making available will be updated only at intervals of about a year or more. Papers by project members are posted irregularly. This page was last revised on April 17, 2001. Aims and history In 1993 we began a project to document the lexicon, phonology, and morphosyntax of selected Mije-Sokean languages, which by 1995 was extended to all living Mije-Sokean languages. Besides the value of the work for its own sake, this documentation was undertaken in order to facilitate a reconstruction of the proto-Mije-Sokean protolanguage. This reconstruction, and the documentation of the individual Mije-Sokean languages, was to serve as a resource for revising and extending the decipherment of Epi-Olmec writing (Justeson and Kaufman 1993, 1996 [1994], 1997). In 1995 the Project began research on 5 [JCH, CHI, CHO, LCH, ZEN] of a projected 11 Sapotekan languages. These were to be documented, the ancestral proto-Sapotekan language was to be reconstructed, and the reconstruction, along with the documentation of the individual Sapotekan languages, was to help in the decipherment of Sapoteko hieroglyphic writing, which had been under way since 1992. In 1996 research on 4 more Sapotekan languages [ATE, ZAN, COA, YAI] was started. Work is not yet effectively under way on CUI and YTZ. There are arguably more than 11 Sapotekan languages; they fall into 6 branches: since we could not reasonably document them all, at least one language from each of the branches had to be documented, plus any additional languages that promised to be straightforwardly useful for reconstructing proto-Sapotekan, proto-Sapoteko, and proto-Chatino. This set of languages contained 11 members.

108. The Web Of On-line Dictionaries Translate Foreign languages French English http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/rbeard/diction.html

109. Richard Kennaway's Constructed Languages List Notes and resource on both international auxiliary and constructed languages, a large collection of links. http://www.sys.uea.ac.uk/~jrk/conlang.html

Some Internet resources relating to constructed languages Compiled by Richard Kennaway Last updated 26 May 2004. I no longer have time to update this page, and have not made any significant changes since July 2003. I hereby declare this page mothballed. There are approximately 312 constructed languages in this list. Constructed languages are languages which are intended to be spoken by people, to people (as distinct from, say, programming languages), and which have been deliberately constructed rather than having evolved. There is a vast number of these, most of which are never used by anyone but their inventor. Only a handful have ever had a significant circulation, but with the advent of the World Wide Web, it now becomes possible to make one's ideas available to all at little cost. Mention artificial languages to most people and they will think of Esperanto and its imitators: languages intended to foster international communication without favouring one particular country, usually created by hybridising several Western European languages. While that is no doubt valuable, it is interesting that the majority of those that I know of through the net were not invented primarily for that purpose. Some, like Klingon , are associated with fictional worlds. Others, such as (I guess)

110. Learn Languages Abroad - Learn Spanish, Learn French, Learn Italian And Learn Ge Provides information about language courses in Europe, in Spanish, French, German, Italian and how to earn college credits while experiencing life in another part of the world. http://www.learn-languages-abroad.co.uk/

Learn Languages Abroad Italian in Italy Spanish in Spain German in Austria ... French in France Learn Languages and Travel Abroad Today! Why learn a language Why learn Italian Why learn Spanish Why learn German ... Home Welcome to Learn Languages Abroad! Have you been thinking about learning a new language? This is your opportunity to master a new language while studying abroad. It has been proven that culture immersion is the fastest, most effective way to learn a new language. You not only learn to speak a language fluently, but you also have the opportunity of learning about the culture of the language and creating connections with other people that have similar viewpoints and interests. Learning a language may appear difficult when trying to learn by yourself or in a classroom at home. However, learning a language abroad facilitates your ability to learn the language while making the experience fun, memorable and exciting. There are various other benefits to learning a foreign language abroad You will develop a greater awareness and deeper understanding of other cultures and a more positive interaction with people from other nations.

111. Workshop On American Indigenous Languages Annual forum for the discussion of theoretical and descriptive linguistic studies of indigenous languages of the Americas at University of California, Santa Barbara on April 30 May 2, 2004. Speakers, program, abstracts, registration, travel and accommodation information. http://orgs.sa.ucsb.edu/nailsg/

University of California, Santa Barbara home registration program visitor info ... contact Keynote Speakers Roberto Zavala El Centro de Investigaciones de Estudios Superiores en Inversion and Obviation in Mesoamerica Matthew Gordon University of California, Santa Barbara Lengthening and Prominence in Chickasaw About WAIL The annual Workshop on American Indigenous Languages (WAIL) at the University of California, Santa Barbara is presented by the Native American Indian Languages study group (NAIL), which has been meeting regularly in Santa Barbara since 1990 to discuss issues relating to Native American language and culture. The workshop is a forum for the discussion of theoretical and descriptive linguistic studies of indigenous languages of the Americas. WAIL is also sponsored by the UCSB Linguistics Department. Contact: wail linguistics.ucsb.edu

112. TESOL: A Professional Association For Teachers Of English To Speakers Of Other L About TESOL. Teachers of English to Speakers of Other languages (TESOL) 700South Washington Street, Suite 200 Alexandria, Virginia 22314 USA Tel. http://www.tesol.edu/

Search What's New? Communities 2005 Convention ... More. . . TESOL Connects Whether you are trying to make a difference in the lives of your students, teaching newcomers to the field to be the best they can be, or conducting research in the field of ESL/EFL, TESOL connects you to a global community of professionals teaching English as a second or other language. What is TESOL? News for the Profession Highlights From TESOL Publications About TESOL the Association ... What's New Online? Stories From the TESOL Community Sharon Graham , Fort Worth, Texas, USA, writes: "My first ESOL experience was working with elementary students in an afterschool program sponsored by Southside Area Ministries in Fort Worth, Texas. This was a great bridge from my training and experience in elementary education to the world of ESOL and was the first step toward my now 10-plus years (and counting) in this exciting field. I'll never forget the bright eyes and smiles of those first young students!" What makes your life as a TESOL professional rewarding? We invite you to share your story News for the Profession TESOL's first annual book drive generated nearly 2,000 books

113. SOS Languages Translation in the trade and tourism, transport, advertising and public administration field. http://www.soslanguage.it/index_ingl.htm

114. Welcome To The School Of Languages Faculty of Education and Sport, languages. We have a thriving English as a ForeignLanguage section, specializing in preparing students for study in English. http://www.brighton.ac.uk/languages/

Faculty of Education and Sport breadCrumbs("http://www.brighton.ac.uk/languages","","index.htm","bread","breadtitle","none","0"); Home Courses Research Admissions ... Help Welcome We offer undergraduate courses in French, German and English with business, linguistics, literature and media, as well as a wide range of modern language classes, open to both members of the university and the public. We have a thriving English as a Foreign Language section, specializing in preparing students for study in English. We are an important centre for IELTS testing and training. Our diploma and MA courses for language teachers are well known, particularly for a focus on the use of media and digital technologies. The School of Languages takes great pride in its multidisciplinary and multicultural character and offers a warm welcome to students from a wide variety of backgrounds. Courses are available at undergraduate and postgraduate levels and many also lead to professional accreditation.

115. International Conference On Languages For Specific Purposes (CiLFE) The Role of Information Technology in Language for Specific Purpose (LSP) Research and Pedagogy. To be held in Barcelona, Spain on 30 January 1 February 2003. Theme, speakers, program, call for papers, committees, venue and call for papers. http://www.upc.es/eupvg/cilfe6/

116. Aims Of ISCA SIG: Speech And Language Technology For Minority Languages The ISCA (International Speech Communication Association) Special Interest Group on Speech and Language Technology for Minority languages has the overall aim of promoting research and development in the field of speech and language technology for lesserused languages. http://www.cstr.ed.ac.uk/download/briony/SALTMIL/aims.html

Aims of ISCA SIG: "Speech And Language Technology for Minority Languages" Aims and Objectives The ISCA Special Interest Group on Speech and Language Technology for Minority Languages has the overall aim of promoting research and development in the field of speech and language technology for lesser-used languages, particularly those of Europe. It has the following specific objectives: Promoting conferences and workshops. Promoting electronic discussion through the Internet (Web site, discussion list, etc). Maintaining a database of active researchers. Providing a channel of communication between minority language researchers and those active in speech and language technology in general. The proposal for the SIG is available. Motivation By definition, a minority language has a smaller resource base than the major languages. For some minority languages (those that are fighting for survival), there are not sufficient resources to support research and development in speech and language technology. This means that, in time, the language will fall even further behind the major languages and will be viewed as second-class and pre-technological, since all interaction with computers will need to take place in a major language. This is a critical factor in the survival of some languages. If minority languages die, then a valuable part of the world's cultural diversity will have been lost. Therefore support is necessary for research in speech and language technology for minority languages. It is probable that advances can be made by acting together that could not be made by any one language acting alone. In the case of certain minority languages, the state Government is not particularly sympathetic to their existence, and support must be found from outside or private agencies.

117. Design Patterns, Pattern Languages, And Frameworks Pattern information and tutorials by Douglas C. Schmidt. http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~schmidt/patterns.html

Design Patterns, Pattern Languages, and Frameworks C++ Network Programming books and draft chapters Overview of Patterns Overview of Frameworks Industrial Experience with Patterns ... Links to Pattern Sites Back to Douglas C. Schmidt's home page. Last modified 14:17:36 CDT 26 May 2004

118. 6502 Cross-Development Languages And Tools List of crossplatform assemblers and disassemblers targeting 6502 microprocessor, focus Commodore 8-bit computers. http://www.npsnet.com/danf/cbm/cross-development.html

6502 Cross-Development Languages and Tools List Compiled by Daniel Fandrich August 8, 2003 This list contains programming languages targeting the 6502 microprocessor (with an emphasis on Commodore 8-bit computers), which are hosted on another system. A separate list of native Commodore languages is also available. Please send any additions or corrections to Legend preceding the program name means it is commercial means it is shareware means the status is unknown no symbol means it can be obtained for free System abbreviations within [brackets] are the tool host systems which are known to work, and include the following: Abbreviation Operating System 386 UNIX SCO UNIX? Amiga Amiga Apple Apple II Atari ST Atari ST running TOS CP/M CP/M-80 (8080) CP/M-86 CP/M-86 (8086) DOS MS-DOS HP 700 HP 700 (HPUX?) Linux Linux Mac Macintosh NT Windows NT OS/2 OS/2 PCIX PCIX RiscOS RiscOS (Acorn Archimedes) source source code is included Sun Sparcstation running SunOS Old Sun 68xxx machines ULTRIX ULTRIX UNIX source can be compiled on one or more UNIX-like systems VENIX VENIX VMS Open VMS Win MS Windows Xenix Xenix A URL is included (when known) to help obtain the freely available programs.

119. Periodic Table Of The Elements Very comprehensive data Available in many languages. Interactive periodic table that includes information on compounds, appearances and nuclear, physical and electronic properties. Needs Flash. http://www.jergym.hiedu.cz/~canovm/vyhledav/chemici5.html

code: central Europe Periodic Tables of the Elements 1 click for 2 moment please Periodic Tabels in 148 variations Central Europe and Scandinavian Great Britain, France and Italy Benelux, Spain, Portugal and Malta Balkans (including whole old Yugoslavia) Russia Old Soviet Union America and Oceanic Asie - Near Orient Asie - Central Orient Asie - Distant Orient Africa World Názvosloví prvkù v 50 jazycích zásluhou skvìlého Petera van der Krogta z Nizozemí náhradní URL zde zde klik na další pøehled (nejen) názvosloví ... srbsky (cyrilicí), srbsky (latinkou), švédsky španìlsky turecky ukrajinsky ... go home ] [maito: canovm@volny.cz

120. Scientific Applications On Linux Parallel Computing Links to and descriptions of parallel languages, message passing libraries, parallel tools, and other resources. http://sal.kachinatech.com/C/

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